2020-11-13T11:54:19-06:00 2019-12-31 390859910 BAKER TILLY US LLP 1570 FRUITVILLE PIKE SUITE 400 LANCASTER PA 17601 990 2019-01-01 521234495 INTEGRACE HEALTH INC INTE 2156618330 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 RICHARD A WINTER TREASURER 2156618330 2020-11-13 1 KERRI N BOGDA CPA P00760402 7177404863 174.55.78.125 2020-11-13 08:35:27 ES P DA39A3EE5E6B4B0D3255BFEF95601890AFD80709 AF78FC311707138AE8A35EE5AF434BBB9CACA7EB 2019 2021-01-29 14:40:06Z X GERALD T GRANT 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 335750 0 X WWW.ACTSRETIREMENT.ORG X 1981 MD THE PURPOSE OF INTEGRACE HEALTH, INC. IS TO PROVIDE PRIMARY CARE SERVICES TO RESIDENTS OF AFFILIATES. 11 8 7 8 0 0 0 0 526354 317505 0 0 24154 18245 550508 335750 0 0 0 0 1257848 674279 0 0 0 422110 226395 1679958 900674 -1129450 -564924 152103 1533176 1247976 1880055 -1095873 -346879 THE MISSION OF INTEGRACE HEALTH, INC. IS TO PROVIDE PRIMARY CARE SERVICES TO RESIDENTS LIVING IN AFFILIATED CONTINUING CARE RETIREMENT COMMUNITIES AND A MEMORY SUPPORT RESIDENCE. 0 0 859305 0 317505 INTEGRACE HEALTH, INC. PROVIDES PRIMARY CARE SERVICES TO RESIDENTS LIVING IN AFFILIATED CONTINUING CARE RETIREMENT COMMUNITIES AND A MEMORY SUPPORT RESIDENCE (FAIRHAVEN, BUCKINGHAM'S CHOICE, BAYLEIGH CHASE, AND COPPER RIDGE). 859305 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 11 8 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 MD X RICHARD A WINTER TREASURER 2156618330 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 X GERALD T GRANT CHAIRMAN, PRESIDENT & CEO 0.50 52.50 X X 0 622912 357018 JACLYN HARRIS PRESIDENT/CEO (UNTIL 3/19) 2.00 38.00 X X 0 693288 1998 KAREN I CHRISTIANSEN TREASURER & CFO 0.50 52.50 X X 0 418288 176296 JONATHAN T HANSEN CFO (UNTIL 3/19) 2.00 38.00 X X 0 476633 4850 GLENN D FOX SECRETARY 6.00 44.00 X 0 356907 25152 JONATHAN D GRANT ASSISTANT SECRETARY 0.10 47.60 X 0 286153 20106 CYNTHIA YINGLING DIR./VP INST, NEURO-COG (UNTIL 3/19) 2.00 0.00 X X 0 297698 3027 RICHARD A WINTER ASSISTANT TREASURER 1.00 52.00 X 0 255889 15266 TERRY P DETRICH MEDICAL DIRECTOR 40.00 0.00 X 158769 0 1426 CHRISTINA BALL NURSE PRACTITIONER 40.00 0.00 X 111717 0 14630 HOLLY ASPELMEIER KILBY NURSE PRACTITIONER 40.00 0.00 X 106692 0 8622 LINDA BURTON DIRECTOR (RETIRED 12/31/19) 0.10 2.10 X 0 13500 0 ANNE WEATHERHOLT DIRECTOR 0.10 0.60 X 0 0 0 BRENDA JOHNSON DIRECTOR (UNTIL 3/19)/DIR. MED/RES BILL 2.00 38.00 X 0 94568 8889 DILIP KULATHUM DIRECTOR 0.25 7.50 X 0 0 0 DR PAUL REINBOLD DIRECTOR (UNTIL 3/19) 2.00 0.00 X 0 200640 0 ELRIC C GERNER DIRECTOR 0.10 3.30 X 0 0 0 JOHN L ESTERHAI JR MD DIRECTOR 0.10 4.50 X 0 0 0 LEN HARTWIG DIRECTOR 0.10 1.50 X 0 0 0 LORNA HOUSE DIRECTOR (UNTIL 11/30/19) 0.10 1.50 X 0 0 0 MARVIN MASHNER DIRECTOR 0.10 4.80 X 0 0 0 RAY VANHORN DIRECTOR 0.10 2.50 X 0 0 0 SUSAN B ALLMOND DIRECTOR 0.10 2.10 X 0 0 0 377178 3716476 637280 3 0 1 0 JACKSON & COKER LOCUMTENENS LLC PO BOX 277638 ATLANTA GA 30384 STAFFING 101499 1 MEDICARE 623000 317505 317505 317505 13211 0 13211 13211 13211 DEVELOPMENTAL FEE INCO 900099 5034 5034 5034 335750 317505 0 18245 X 578031 562911 15120 2913 2913 46537 46537 46798 45517 1281 1750 1750 3154 3154 159400 159400 21786 21314 472 11680 11680 2476 2476 2019 2019 1808 1808 MANAGEMENT FEES 7912 7912 BAD DEBT 6100 6100 RECRUITMENT FEES 4131 4131 MEDICAL SUPPLIES 2493 2493 1686 1686 900674 859305 41369 0 16126 50 3020 119395 69414 5729 0 0 16582 0 1445798 0 9165 152103 1533176 114881 6385 1133095 1873670 1247976 1880055 X -1095873 -346879 -1095873 -346879 152103 1533176 X -564924 1313918 X 0 1 X 1 0 X 1852345 695522 565949 526354 317505 3957675 1852345 695522 565949 526354 317505 3957675 0 0 0 3957675 28837 27836 13211 69884 28837 27836 13211 69884 21100 22542 972 1310 5034 50958 1873445 718064 595758 555500 335750 4078517 0.97040 0.98000 0.01710 0.01100 X SCHEDULE A, PART III, LINE 12, EXPLANATION OF OTHER INCOME: DEVELOPMENT FEE INCOME - 2019 AMOUNT: $ 5,034. CLINICAL STUDY REVENUE - 2015 AMOUNT: $ 21,100. 2016 AMOUNT: $ 22,542. 2017 AMOUNT: $ 972. 2018 AMOUNT: $ 1,310. 2019 AMOUNT: $ 0. 0 DUE TO AFFILIATED ORGANIZATIONS 1873670 1873670 X 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GERALD T GRANT CHAIRMAN, PRESIDENT & CEO 0 499678 0 123234 0 0 0 339658 0 17360 0 979930 0 0 JACLYN HARRIS PRESIDENT/CEO (UNTIL 3/19) 0 163442 0 0 0 529846 0 0 0 1998 0 695286 0 0 KAREN I CHRISTIANSEN TREASURER & CFO 0 339804 0 78484 0 0 0 158936 0 17360 0 594584 0 0 JONATHAN T HANSEN CFO (UNTIL 3/19) 0 128374 0 0 0 348259 0 0 0 4850 0 481483 0 0 GLENN D FOX SECRETARY 0 297725 0 59182 0 0 0 11200 0 13952 0 382059 0 0 JONATHAN D GRANT ASSISTANT SECRETARY 0 240177 0 45976 0 0 0 2939 0 17167 0 306259 0 0 CYNTHIA YINGLING DIR./VP INST, NEURO-COG (UNTIL 3/19) 0 169293 0 0 0 128405 0 0 0 3027 0 300725 0 0 RICHARD A WINTER ASSISTANT TREASURER 0 214073 0 41816 0 0 0 10156 0 5110 0 271155 0 0 TERRY P DETRICH MEDICAL DIRECTOR 149657 0 9112 0 0 0 0 0 1426 0 160195 0 0 0 DR PAUL REINBOLD DIRECTOR (UNTIL 3/19) 0 200640 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 200640 0 0 PART I, LINE 1A INTEGRACE HEALTH, INC. BOARD MEMBERS ARE INVITED TO PARTICIPATE IN AN EDUCATIONAL RETREAT WITH THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FROM ACTS RETIREMENT-LIFE COMMUNITIES, NEAR ONE OR MORE OF ACTS' COMMUNITIES, WHICH MAY REQUIRE SOME OR ALL BOARD MEMBERS TO TRAVEL. SPOUSES OF BOARD MEMBERS ARE ALSO INVITED TO ATTEND AT THE COMPANY'S EXPENSE. THESE SPOUSES PARTICIPATE IN EDUCATIONAL SESSIONS, SINCE THEY TOO HAVE AN INTEREST IN THE MISSION OF THE ORGANIZATION, FREQUENTLY BECOME INVOLVED IN DISCUSSION OF THEIR SPOUSE'S ROLE AND HOW THE ORGANIZATION FUNCTIONS, AND ALSO MUST PROVIDE ENABLING SUPPORT TO THE BOARD MEMBER. IN ADDITION, SPOUSES ALSO PROVIDE INSIGHT INTO THE EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL PLANS AND STRATEGIES. AS SUCH, THIS BENEFIT WAS NOT TREATED AS TAXABLE COMPENSATION. PART I, LINE 3 IT HAS BEEN THE PRACTICE OF THE MANAGEMENT COMPANY, ACTS MANAGEMENT SERVICES, INC., TO UTILIZE AN INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTANT ON AN APPROXIMATELY BIENNIAL BASIS FOR THE PURPOSE OF REVIEWING THE COMPENSATION PROGRAM FOR THE ORGANIZATION'S TOP MANAGEMENT POSITIONS, RANGING FROM THE COMMUNITY MANAGERS UP TO THE CEO. THE STUDY, THE LATEST VERSION OF WHICH WAS COMPLETED IN 2018, INCLUDES COMPARISON OF NOT-FOR-PROFIT AND FOR-PROFIT COMPETITORS, OPERATING EFFECTIVENESS, IDENTIFICATION OF INDUSTRY SPECIFIC TRENDS OR PRACTICES IN COMPENSATION OR RECRUITMENT/EMPLOYMENT. MEASUREMENT AND ACTION ARE GENERALLY FOCUSED AT THE MEDIAN AND SLIGHTLY ABOVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH LEVELS IDENTIFIED IN THE STUDY. THE REPORTS' FINDINGS ARE REVIEWED WITH THE PARENT BOARD OFFICERS. COMPENSATION ADJUSTMENTS FOR THE PRESIDENT & CEO ARE DETERMINED BY A COMMITTEE OF INDEPENDENT BOARD MEMBERS APPOINTED BY THE CHAIRMAN AND ARE BASED ON THE FINDINGS OF THE MOST RECENT STUDY AND A REVIEW OF PERFORMANCE COMPARED AGAINST OBJECTIVE CRITERIA. THIS DETERMINATION IS REPORTED TO AND APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND IS DOCUMENTED IN WRITING BY THE BOARD CHAIR. SIMILARLY, COMPENSATION ADJUSTMENTS FOR THE MOST SENIOR MEMBERS OF MANAGEMENT REFLECT STUDY FINDINGS AND PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AGAINST SPECIFIED CRITERIA AND ARE DETERMINED BY THE CEO AND REVIEWED WITH THE BOARD CHAIR. PART I, LINES 4A-B OTHER COMPENSATION FOR KAREN I. CHRISTIANSEN AND GERALD T. GRANT INCLUDES ACCRUALS FOR A DEFERRED SUPPLEMENTAL EXECUTIVE RETIREMENT PLAN. THE AMOUNT OF THE CURRENT YEAR ACCRUAL IS $147,736 FOR KAREN I. CHRISTIANSEN (NON-VESTED), AND $328,458 FOR GERALD T. GRANT (NON-VESTED). OTHER COMPENSATION FOR JONATHAN HANSEN AND JACLYN HARRIS INCLUDES SEVERANCE PAYMENTS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 1 THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE HAS THE AUTHORITY TO TRANSACT SUCH BUSINESS AS SHALL BE NECESSARY FOR THE ADMINISTRATION AND OPERATION OF THE CORPORATION BETWEEN BOARD OF DIRECTORS' MEETINGS SUBJECT TO CERTAIN LIMITS SPECIFIED IN THE BYLAWS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 3 ACTS MANAGEMENT SERVICES, INC., AN AFFILIATED ENTITY, PROVIDES MANAGEMENT SERVICES TO INTEGRACE HEALTH, INC. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 6 INTEGRACE HEALTH, INC. IS A MARYLAND TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATION OF WHICH INTEGRACE, INC., A RELATED MARYLAND TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATION IS THE SOLE MEMBER. EFFECTIVE 4/1/2019, INTEGRACE, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES AFFILIATED WITH ACTS RETIREMENT-LIFE COMMUNITIES, INC., A RELATED PENNSYLVANIA TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATION. ACTS RETIREMENT-LIFE COMMUNITIES, INC., THROUGH ITS WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY ACTS ACQUISITION COMPANY, LLC, BECAME THE SOLE MEMBER OF INTEGRACE, INC. EFFECTIVE 4/1/2019. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7A INTEGRACE, INC., A RELATED MARYLAND TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATION IS THE SOLE MEMBER OF INTEGRACE HEALTH, INC. AS SOLE MEMBER, INTEGRACE, INC. HAS THE RIGHT TO ELECT THE MEMBERS OF THE ORGANIZATION'S BOARD. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7B INTEGRACE, INC., A RELATED MARYLAND TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATION IS THE SOLE MEMBER OF INTEGRACE HEALTH, INC. AS SOLE MEMBER, INTEGRACE, INC. HAS THE RIGHT TO APPROVE ALL AMENDMENTS OR ALTERATIONS TO THE ORGANIZATION'S ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS BEFORE CHANGES BECOME EFFECTIVE. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B AFTER REVIEW BY THE ACTS' CFO, THE FORM 990 IS REVIEWED, BEFORE FILING, BY THE ACTS BOARD OF DIRECTORS' AUDIT COMMITTEE, WHICH INCLUDES TWO CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS. THE FORM 990 IS THEN PROVIDED TO THE OTHER MEMBERS OF THE INTEGRACE HEALTH, INC. GOVERNING BODY BEFORE FILING. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C A CONFLICT OF INTEREST QUESTIONNAIRE IS COMPLETED ON AN ANNUAL BASIS BY THE ORGANIZATION'S OFFICERS, DIRECTORS AND TRUSTEES. THE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS REPORT ON ANY FAMILY OR BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS WITH ANY BOARD MEMBER, OFFICER OR KEY EMPLOYEE OF THE ORGANIZATION AND ITS AFFILIATES. IF ANY FAMILY OR BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS ARE DISCLOSED, THEY ARE REPORTED ON SCHEDULE L AS APPROPRIATE. IN ADDITION, THE RESPONSES ARE REVIEWED BY THE PRESIDENT & CEO, AND CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO DETERMINE IF CONFLICTS ARE PRESENT AND IF SO, THE EXTENT OF THE CONFLICT. FOR CONFLICTS THAT ARISE, THE OFFICER, DIRECTOR OR TRUSTEE MUST RECUSE THEMSELVES FROM PARTICIPATING IN DELIBERATIONS AND DECISIONS THAT INVOLVE THE DETERMINED CONFLICT. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15A IT HAS BEEN THE PRACTICE OF THE MANAGEMENT COMPANY, ACTS MANAGEMENT SERVICES, INC., TO UTILIZE AN INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTANT ON AN APPROXIMATELY BIENNIAL BASIS FOR THE PURPOSE OF REVIEWING THE COMPENSATION PROGRAM FOR THE ORGANIZATION'S TOP MANAGEMENT POSITIONS, RANGING FROM THE COMMUNITY MANAGERS UP TO THE CEO. THE STUDY, THE LATEST VERSION OF WHICH WAS COMPLETED IN 2018, INCLUDES COMPARISON OF NOT-FOR-PROFIT AND FOR-PROFIT COMPETITORS, OPERATING EFFECTIVENESS, AND IDENTIFICATION OF INDUSTRY SPECIFIC TRENDS OR PRACTICES IN COMPENSATION OR RECRUITMENT/EMPLOYMENT. MEASUREMENT AND ACTION ARE GENERALLY FOCUSED AT THE MEDIAN AND SLIGHTLY ABOVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH LEVELS IDENTIFIED IN THE STUDY. THE REPORTS' FINDINGS ARE REVIEWED WITH THE PARENT BOARD OFFICERS. COMPENSATION ADJUSTMENTS FOR THE PRESIDENT & CEO ARE DETERMINED BY A COMMITTEE OF INDEPENDENT BOARD MEMBERS APPOINTED BY THE CHAIRMAN AND ARE BASED ON THE FINDINGS OF THE MOST RECENT STUDY AND A REVIEW OF PERFORMANCE COMPARED AGAINST OBJECTIVE CRITERIA. THIS DETERMINATION IS REPORTED TO AND APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND IS DOCUMENTED IN WRITING BY THE BOARD CHAIR. SIMILARLY, COMPENSATION ADJUSTMENTS FOR THE MOST SENIOR MEMBERS OF MANAGEMENT REFLECT STUDY FINDINGS AND PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AGAINST SPECIFIED CRITERIA AND ARE DETERMINED BY THE CEO AND REVIEWED WITH THE BOARD CHAIR. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 THE ORGANIZATION'S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS AND CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICIES ARE FILED WITH NUMEROUS REGULATORY AUTHORITIES AND THEREFORE, ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC. IN ADDITION, UPON RECEIPT OF A REQUEST AND ITS REVIEW, THE ORGANIZATION WILL MAKE AVAILABLE SUCH DOCUMENTS, AS DEEMED APPROPRIATE. AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC. CERTAIN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, SUCH AS ANNUAL REPORTS AND QUARTERLY REPORTS, ARE POSTED TO THE ORGANIZATION'S WEBSITE. CERTAIN OTHER FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE ALSO PROVIDED UPON REQUEST. FORM 990, PART VII, COMPENSATION OF OFFICERS* OTHER COMPENSATION INCLUDES ACCRUALS FOR A DEFERRED SUPPLEMENTAL EXECUTIVE RETIREMENT PLAN FOR KAREN I. CHRISTIANSEN (NON-VESTED) AND GERALD T. GRANT (NON-VESTED). FORM 990, PART IX, LINE 11G CONSULTANTS: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 159,400. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 0. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 159,400. FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9: TRANSFER OF NET ASSETS WITHOUT DONOR RESTRICTIONS 1,313,918. FORM 990, PART XII, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND REPORTING THE PROCESS FOR THE PARENT ORGANIZATION'S AUDIT COMMITTEE OVERSIGHT OF THE ANNUAL AUDIT OF ITS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND THOSE OF ITS AFFILIATES HAS NOT CHANGED FROM THE PRIOR YEAR. ACTS RETIREMENT-LIFE COMMUNITIES INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 231900132 OWNS AND OPERATES CONTINUING CARE REITREMENT COMMUNITIES PA 501(C)(3) LINE 10 ACTS RETIREMENT SERVICES INC 0 ACTS RETIREMENT SERVICES INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 264573260 SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION PA 501(C)(3) LINE 12B, II N/A 0 ACTS SIGNATURE COMMUNITY SERVICES INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 264573131 HOSPICE AND HOME HEALTH SERVICES PA 501(C)(3) LINE 10 ACTS RETIREMENT SERVICES INC 0 ACTS MANAGEMENT SERVICES INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 264573412 CENTRALIZED MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT SERVICES PA 501(C)(3) LINE 12B, II ACTS RETIREMENT SERVICES INC 0 ACTS LEGACY FOUNDATION INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 912161987 FUNDRAISING DE 501(C)(3) LINE 12A, I ACTS RETIREMENT SERVICES INC 0 THE EVERGREENS 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 210634485 CONTINUING CARE RETIREMENT COMMUNITY NJ 501(C)(3) LINE 10 ACTS ACQUISITION COMPANY LLC 0 COPPER RIDGE INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 521750659 OPERATES A LONG-TERM CARE FACILITY MD 501(C)(3) LINE 10 INTEGRACE INC 0 BUCKINGHAM'S CHOICE INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 521929311 CONTINUING CARE RETIREMENT COMMUNITY MD 501(C)(3) LINE 10 INTEGRACE INC 0 BAYLEIGH CHASE INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 200495182 CONTINUING CARE RETIREMENT COMMUNITY MD 501(C)(3) LINE 10 INTEGRACE INC 0 INTEGRACE INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 521710891 PROVIDED MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES TO NON-PROFIT AFFILIATES MD 501(C)(3) LINE 10 ACTS ACQUISITION COMPANY LLC 0 INTEGRACE INSTITUTE INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 522139438 EDUCATION AND RESEARCH INVOLVING AGING PERSONS MD 501(C)(3) LINE 10 INTEGRACE INC 0 FAIRHAVEN INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 237405177 CONTINUING CARE RETIREMENT COMMUNITY MD 501(C)(3) LINE 10 INTEGRACE INC 0 PRESBYTERIAN RETIREMENT CORPORATION INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 630770753 CONTINUING CARE RETIREMENT COMMUNITY AL 501(C)(3) LINE 10 ACTS ACQUISITION COMPANY LLC 0 HERON POINT OF CHESTERTOWN INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 521530598 CONTINUING CARE RETIREMENT COMMUNITY MD 501(C)(3) LINE 10 ACTS ACQUISITION COMPANY LLC 0 INTEGRACE MANAGEMENT INC 420 DELAWARE DR FORT WASHINGTON PA 190342711 521547917 SENIOR LIVING CONSULTING SERVICES MD N/A C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1