2019-08-15T07:53:35-05:00 2018-09-30 PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 101 SEAPORT BLVD SUITE 500 BOSTON MA 02210 990 2017-10-01 042103591 MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR INFIRMARY % CAROLANN WILLIAMS MASS 6175733942 243 CHARLES STREET BOSTON MA 02114 CAROLANN WILLIAMS CFO & VP FIN & ADMIN 6175733012 2019-08-12 true ERIN COUTURE P01390592 6175305000 2019-08-12 167.68.125.77 04363820192275000007 2019-08-15 P 502E9D7DF2DC237FB1436A97DBD0F14D19F2DD5A 21E2B2F0849F69D31DF4460457E3137BF9FA7202 2017 2019-02-21 02:37:17Z CAROLANN WILLIAMS 243 CHARLES STREET BOSTON MA 02114 299721576 false X WWW.MASSEYEANDEAR.ORG X 1827 MA SEE SCHEDULE O. 19 14 2109 192 0 2114801 47291002 47345277 226533383 243229424 410621 4729380 4703739 4417495 278938745 299721576 18435862 19510604 0 0 117853083 118670627 122094 119216 2723969 139687369 153787273 276098408 292087720 2840337 7633856 417880268 523876840 410523209 493098652 7357059 30778188 X SEE SCHEDULE O. false false 165445012 19510604 9711695 SEE SCHEDULE O 51054972 SEE 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EYE AND EAR WAS A MEMBER OF CERTAIN TRADE ASSOCIATIONS THAT MAY LOBBY ON ITS BEHALF. 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THE MAJORITY WERE DONATED ORIGINALLY BY MOSES LURIE, MD AND MRS. LUCIEN HOWE (WIFE OF LUCIEN HOWE, MD). A FEW WERE DONATED BY OTHER PHYSICIANS THROUGH THE YEARS. ENDOWMENT FUNDS SET UP BETWEEN MRS. HOWE AND DR. LURIE WERE DESIGNATED FOR THE OCCASIONAL PURCHASE OF RARE BOOKS TO SUPPLEMENT THE ORIGINAL DONATIONS. THE RARE BOOKS ARE AVAILABLE TO THE SCIENTIFIC, MEDICAL AND ACADEMIC COMMUNITY FOR PURPOSES OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION. SCHEDULE D, PART V, LINE 4: THE ENDOWMENT FUNCTIONS TO SUPPORT THE MISSION OF THE MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY TO PROVIDE SUPERIOR PATIENT CARE AND RESEARCH. THE INCOME FROM THE ENDOWMENT FUNDS IS SUBJECT TO DONOR-IMPOSED STIPULATIONS USUALLY FOR RESEARCH, EDUCATION AND PATIENT CARE. SCHEDULE D, PART X, LINE 2: THE MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY ("INFIRMARY") WAS INCLUDED IN CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS WITH ITS AFFILIATED ORGANIZATIONS. THE INCOME TAX FOOTNOTE IS AS FOLLOWS: THE FOUNDATION AND ITS AFFILIATES QUALIFY AS TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS UNDER THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE. THE FOUNDATION, INFIRMARY, ASSOCIATES, SCHEPENS AND EMBANKMENT ARE TAX-EXEMPT UNDER SECTION 501(C)(3) OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE AND CIRCLE IS TAX-EXEMPT UNDER 501(C)(25) OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE. ACCORDINGLY, NO PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES HAS BEEN MADE IN THE ACCOMPANYING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. 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THE AGREEMENT SPECIFIES THE TERMS OF THE SUBAWARD AND INCLUDES A DETAILED BUDGET AND SCOPE OF WORK TO BE PERFORMED BY THE RECIPIENT INSTITUTION. AWARDED FUNDS ARE ENCUMBERED BY A PURCHASE ORDER THAT IS ASSIGNED TO A UNIQUE FUND NUMBER. PAYMENTS TO RECIPIENT INSTITUTIONS MADE AGAINST THE PURCHASE ORDER ARE RECORDED IN THE INFIRMARY ACCOUNTING SYSTEM SO THAT INDIVIDUAL PAYMENTS AND PURCHASE ORDERS BALANCES CAN BE MONITORED. DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS FOR SUBAWARDS REQUIRES THE WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR ("PI"). FREQUENT PROGRESS REPORTS AND OTHER FORMS OF COMMUNICATION ARE REQUIRED BETWEEN THE PI AND THE SUBAWARD RECIPIENT INSTITUTE TO ENSURE THAT THE SCOPE OF WORK IS PROGRESSING AT A SATISFACTORY PACE. RESEARCH ADMINISTRATION ALSO CONDUCTS AN ANNUAL INVENTORY OF INSTITUTIONS TO WHICH RESERACH HAS BEEN SUBAWARDED. A RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX IS EMPLOYED, ALONG WITH A REVIEW OF THE SUBRECIPIENTS' MOST RECENT A133 AUDIT REPORT, TO DETERMINE TO DETERMINE THE LEVEL OF RISK REGARDING THE SUBRECIPIENTS' ABILITY TO COMPLY WITH FEDERAL GUIDELINES. SCHEDULE F, PART I, LINE 3, COLUMN (F) AND PART II, LINE 1: THE INFIRMARY USES THE ACCRUAL METHOD OF ACCOUNTING AND SEPARATELY IDENTIFIES FOREIGN ACTIVITY ON ITS GENERAL LEDGER. X X X X X true VISION PHILANTHROPY GROUP CAPITAL CAMPAIGN false 59216 HUNTSINGER JEFFER ANNUAL FUND false 60000 119216 CA CT FL GA IL ME MD MA MI MN NH NJ NY NC OH PA RI SC VA SCHEDULE G, PART I, LINE 2B, COLUMN (V): DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2018, MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY ("THE INFIRMARY") CONTRACTED WITH HUNTSINGER & JEFFER, A FUNDRAISING CONSULTING COMPANY, TO ASSIST WITH THE FOUNDATION'S MAILING CAMPAIGN BY DRAFTING LETTERS AND WORKING WITH A MAIL HOUSE TO SEND LETTERS AND EMAILS TO PATIENTS ON THE INFIRMARY'S BEHALF. THE INFIRMARY ALSO CONTRACTED WITH VISION PHILANTHROPY TO ASSIST WITH THE INFIRMARY'S CAPITAL FUNDRAISING CAMPAIGN. HUNTSINGER & JEFFER 809 BROOK HILL CIRCLE RICHMOND, VA 23227 VISION PHILANTHROPY GROUP 401 BOWLING AVENUE #1 NASHVILLE, TN 37205 true true true X 500. true X 500. true true true false true true 5041211 1668280 3372931 0.01150 25373859 20378880 4994979 0.01710 1297138 801661 495477 0.00170 31712208 22848821 8863387 0.03030 112000 112000 0.00040 8548120 1687976 6860144 0.02350 552734 446966 105768 0.00040 46696433 42246029 4450404 0.01520 46250 46250 0.00020 55955537 44380971 11574566 0.03970 87667745 67229792 20437953 0.07000 true 6376244 182213 60283107 63978210 -3695103 X true true 1 1 MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR INFIRMARY 243 CHARLES STREET BOSTON MA 02114 http://www.masseyeandear.org/ X X X X MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR INFIRMARY false false true X X X X X X X X X 15 true false false true X SEE SECTION C X true 15 true SEE SECTION C false false true X 500. 500. X X X X true true X X X true X SEE SECTION C X SEE SECTION C X SEE SECTION C X X X X X true X false X true X false false PART V, SECTION B, LINE 5 TO GAIN A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF NEEDS IN MISSION HILL SPECIFICALLY, THE CONSULTANTS WORKED WITH THE MASS. EYE AND EAR CB WORKING GROUP TO IDENTIFY MISSION HILL SERVICE PROVIDERS, ADVOCATES, AND EDUCATORS POSITIONED TO SPEAK TO THE NEEDS OF THE COMMUNITY. THE CONSULTANTS THEN CONDUCTED TEN IN-DEPTH INTERVIEWS WITH THE IDENTIFIED KEY INFORMANTS. AMONG THEM WAS A MEMBER OF THE NEW ENGLAND BAPTIST HOSPITAL, WHICH OPERATES A SMALLER BUT HIGHLY REGARDED COMMUNITY BENEFITS PROGRAM TARGETING MISSION HILL. THE EXPERIENCES OF THE BWH AND NEW ENGLAND BAPTIST PROVIDED GREAT INSIGHTS THAT INFORMED THE ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING PROCESSES DESCRIBED BELOW. THE INTERVIEWS YIELDED IMPORTANT AND USEFUL INFORMATION ABOUT NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS, METHODS FOR BUILDING AND SUSTAINING STRONG RELATIONSHIPS IN MISSION HILL, THE NEEDS OF THE NEIGHBORHOOD, AND PARTNERSHIP OPPORTUNITIES. PART V, SECTION B, LINE 7A & LINE 10A THE INFIRMARY'S COMMUNITY HEALTH NEEDS ASSESSMENT CAN BE VIEWED AT HTTP://WWW.MASSEYEANDEAR.ORG/ABOUT-US/OUTREACH PART V, SECTION B, LINE 11 THE MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR COMMUNITY BENEFITS TEAM CONDUCTS AN ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING PROCESS THAT IDENTIFIES UNMET NEEDS IN TARGET POPULATIONS AND SERVICE AREAS, SPECIFICALLY ON POPULATIONS THAT FACE GREATER OBSTACLES TO CARE AND/OR ARE DISPROPORTIONALLY AFFECTED BY CONDITIONS THAT AFFECT THEIR DAILY FUNCTIONING AND QUALITY OF LIFE. THESE KEY AREAS ARE: CHILDREN, ELDERLY, LOW-INCOME PATIENTS, AND PATIENTS OF COLOR. OUR PLAN IS DESIGNED TO IMPROVE THE VISION, HEARING, AND OTHER CONDITIONS OF THE HEAD AND NECK AMONG VULNERABLE POPULATIONS IN OUR AREA. HEALTH SCREENINGS MASS. EYE AND EAR PROVIDES VISION SCREENINGS AND HEARING EXAMS AND FOLLOW UP CARE FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH LIMITED ACCESS TO SERVICES. SCREENINGS INCLUDED CAMP HARBOR VIEW, NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSE CHARTER SCHOOL, VISION COALITION/YEAR UP, AND ROXBURY TENANTS OF HARVARD. COMMUNITY EDUCATION AND SUPPORT GROUPS MASS. EYE AND EAR CLINICIANS AND SOCIAL WORKERS DELIVER EDUCATION AND SUPPORT TO INDIVIDUALS DEALING WITH VARIOUS MEDICAL CONDITIONS OR CHALLENGES, INCLUDING SINUSITIS, HEARING LOSS, VISION LOSS, AND FACIAL PARALYSIS. THEY ALSO ATTEND SEVERAL COMMUNITY HEALTH FAIRS. EVENTS INCLUDE "KNOW YOUR NOSE," LOW VISION SUPPORT GROUP, BOSTON CURED CANCER CLUB SUPPORT GROUP, FACIAL PARALYSIS SUPPORT GROUP, HEAR @ BOSTON, GRAVES DISEASE SUPPORT GROUP, AND VISION REHABILITATION. HEALTH FAIRS INCLUDED MISSION HILL, EMERSON HEALTH AND WELLNESS, AND STONEHAM TOWN DAY. ACCESS TO SERVICES/RESOURCES/WORK EXPERIENCE MASS. EYE AND EAR PROVIDES SERVICES AND RESOURCES TO INDIVIDUALS WHO MIGHT NOT BE ABLE TO ACCESS THEM AND PROVIDES TARGETED POPULATIONS WITH OPPORTUNITIES TO GAIN WORK EXPERIENCE. THIS INCLUDES PROJECT SEARCH, A PROGRAM THAT PROVIDES INTERNSHIPS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT. OTHER SUPPORT INCLUDES TRANSPORTATION AND PARKING FOR NEEDY PATIENTS, VOLUNTEER ESCORTS, FREE EYEGLASSES, FREE MEDICATIONS, SOCIAL WORK CONSULTATIONS, FINANCIAL COUNSELING, HEARING AID CENTER SUPPORT, AND CHARITABLE CARE. MASS. EYE AND EAR PROVIDES FREE OR DISCOUNTED CARE TO PATIENTS WHO ARE UNABLE TO COVER THE FULL COST OF THE SERVICES THEY UTILIZE. FINANCIAL SUPPORT MASS. EYE AND EAR PROVIDES FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO A SELECT NUMBER OF ORGANIZATIONS WHOSE MISSIONS ALIGN WITH OURS AND SUPPORT OUR COMMUNITY BENEFITS GOALS AND ADDRESSES ISSUES AS OUTLINED EARLIER IN THIS DOCUMENT. ORGANIZATIONS INCLUDE PERKINS SCHOOL FOR THE BLIND, NEW ENGLAND WALK FOR HEARING, ABCD FIELD OF DREAMS, SCHWARTZ CENTER FOR COMPASSIONATE CARE, ROXBURY TENANTS OF HARVARD, AND THE UNITED WAY. THESE STRATEGIES WERE EFFECTIVE IN ACHIEVING OUR COMMUNITY BENEFITS OBJECTIVES. MISSION HILL - OPPORTUNITY IDENTIFIED ONE AREA THAT WAS IDENTIFIED IN OUR LAST ASSESSMENT AS A NEW FOCUS AREA IS THE MISSION HILL NEIGHBORHOOD. MASS. EYE AND EAR OPENED A MULTI-SPECIALTY AMBULATORY CARE CENTER AT 800 HUNTINGTON AVENUE IN 2012. MASS. EYE AND EAR HAS DETERMINED A NEED TO BROADEN ITS COMMUNITY BENEFITS PROGRAM TO PROVIDE TARGETED PROGRAMMING IN THIS SMALL, DIVERSE COMMUNITY OF LOWER-INCOME RESIDENTS. MASS. EYE AND EAR PARTNERED WITH A HIGH SCHOOL (FENWAY HIGH SCHOOL) IN THE SPRING OF 2016 TO WELCOME THREE HIGH SCHOOL SENIORS FOR AN INTERNSHIP, IS ENGAGING LEADERS IN THE COMMUNITY TO CREATE NEIGHBORHOOD SPECIFIC PROGRAMMING, AND HOSTING EVENTS AT ITS FACILITY LOCATED AT 800 HUNTINGTON AVENUE. MASS. EYE AND EAR WILL FOCUS ON FURTHER INTEGRATION INTO THE NEIGHBORHOOD AND EXPLORE ADDITIONAL OPPORTUNITIES TO PROVIDE ADDITIONAL VISION AND HEARING SCREENINGS FOR SENIORS, FOLLOW-UP CARE AND EYE GLASSES, SPONSORSHIPS OF NEIGHBORHOOD EVENTS, PARTICIPATION IN HEALTH FAIRS, AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO COMMUNITY EVENTS. DURING THE REVIEW PROCESS, MASS. EYE AND EAR REVIEWED UNMET NEEDS, INCLUDING MISSION HILL, AND SET GOALS THAT ALIGN WITH THE GOAL OF THE ORGANIZATION'S COMMUNITY BENEFITS PLAN. AS A SPECIALTY HOSPITAL WITH 18 LOCATIONS (INCLUDING 243 CHARLES STREET AND 800 HUNTINGTON AVENUE), MASS. EYE AND EAR WORKS TO MEET NEEDS IN ITS SPECIALTY AREA, INCLUDING IMPROVING VISION AND HEARING, ENSURING TARGET POPULATIONS HAVE ACCESS TO EDUCATION AND SUPPORT. OTHER IDENTIFIED NEEDS OF THE COMMUNITY OUTSIDE OF OUR SPECIALTY AREAS ARE ADDRESSED BY OTHER INSTITUTIONS IN OUR COMMUNITY. PART V, SECTION B, LINE 16A & 16B & 16C THE INFIRMARY'S FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE POLICY CAN BE VIEWED AT HTTP://WWW.MASSEYEANDEAR.ORG/FOR-PATIENTS/PATIENT-GUIDE/FINANCIAL-ASSISTAN CE PART V, SECTION B, LINE 22 TO CALCULATE AMOUNTS GENERALLY BILLED (AGB), MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY (THE "HOSPITAL") USES THE "LOOK-BACK" METHOD. IN THIS METHOD, THE HOSPITAL DERIVES AN AGB PERCENTAGE BASED ON REIMBURSEMENT RATES FOR MASSHEALTH (PCC AND MMCO) ALONG WITH PRIVATE INSURERS AND MEDICARE FEE FOR SERVICE FOR A 12 MONTH PERIOD, DIVIDED BY THE GROSS CHARGES FOR THOSE CLAIMS. THE RESULTING PERCENTAGE IS MULTIPLIED BY GROSS CHARGES FOR ALL EMERGENCY AND MEDICALLY NECESSARY CARE TO DETERMINE THE AGB. THE AGB PERCENTAGE IS RECALCULATED ANNUALLY. 8 MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR STONEHAM ONE MONTVALE AVENUE STONEHAM MA 02180 LICENSED OUTPATIENT LOCATION MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR E BRIDGEWATER ONE COMPASS WAY SUITE 100 E BRIDGEWATER MA 02333 LICENSED OUTPATIENT LOCATION MEEI VESTIBULAR CENTER AT BRAINTREE 250 POND STREET 1ST FLOOR BRAINTREE MA 02184 LICENSED OUTPATIENT LOCATION MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR QUINCY 500 CONGRESS STREET QUINCY MA 02169 LICENSED OUTPATIENT LOCATION MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR AT JOSLIN 1 JOSLIN PLACE BOSTON MA 02215 LICENSED OUTPATIENT LOCATION MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR CONCORD 54 BAKER AVE EXTENSION 3RD FL STE CONCORD MA 01742 LICENSED OUTPATIENT LOCATION MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR LONGWOOD 800 HUNTINGTON AVENUE BOSTON MA 02115 LICENSED OUTPATIENT LOCATION MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR PLAINVILLE 30 MAN MAR DRIVE STE 2 PLAINVILLE MA 02762 LICENSED OUTPATIENT LOCATION SCHEDULE H, PART I, LINE 3C IN ADDITION TO FPG, THE ORGANIZATION CONSIDERS ASSETS, UNPAID MEDICAL EXPENSES, AND EXTRAORDINARY FINANCIAL CIRCUMSTANCES (UNEMPLOYMENT AND OTHER FINANCIAL STRESSES) WHEN REVIEWING AN INDIVIDUALS APPLICATION FOR FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE. SCHEDULE H, PART II THE MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY ("THE INFIRMARY") AND ITS AFFILIATED ORGANIZATIONS (COLLECTIVELY "MEEI") PROVIDED COMMUNITY BUILDING HEALTH IMPROVEMENT ADVOCACY BY PROVIDING EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES AND SUPPORT, INCLUDING HOSTED SUPPORT GROUPS, AND FOCUSING ON HEALTH CONDITIONS IN OUR SPECIALTIES TO PATIENTS AND THE PUBLIC. PLEASE SEE PAGE 21 OF THE COMMUNITY BENEFITS PLAN POSTED ON THE MEEI WEBSITE, WWW.MASSEYEANDEAR.ORG, FOR DETAILS. SCHEDULE H, PART III, LINES 2 - 4 BAD DEBTS ARE WRITTEN OFF AT GROSS CHARGES. FOR UNINSURED CLAIMS (SELF-PAY), BAD DEBTS ARE DISCOUNTED TO COST USING THE HOSPITAL COST ACCOUNTING SYSTEM. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE RELATED TO CO-PAYS, DEDUCTIBLES, AND COINSURANCE THAT ARE WRITTEN OFF AS BAD DEBT IS ALREADY REPORTED AT COST AND IS DEDUCTED FROM THE INSURANCE-ALLOWED AMOUNT. SEE FINANCIAL STATEMENT, PAGES 24-26. SCHEDULE H, PART III, LINE 8 THE SHORTFALL REPORTED ON PART III, LINE 7 SHOULD BE CONSIDERED COMMUNITY BENEFIT BECAUSE REIMBURSEMENT FROM MEDICARE DOES NOT COVER THE COST OF TREATING PATIENTS. MEEI HAS A POLICY TO TREAT ALL PATIENTS, REGARDLESS OF THE PAYER. AS A PRIMARY OUT-PATIENT FACILITY, WITH ONLY TWO SPECIALTIES, MEEI CANNOT BENEFIT FROM RELATIVELY HIGHER MEDICARE PAYMENTS FOR SOME SPECIALTIES OR HIGHER INPATIENT MEDICARE REIMBURSEMENT WITHOUT COMPROMISING PATIENT CARE, MEEI HAS LIMITED MEANS FOR REDUCING COSTS. MEEI USES A COST ACCOUNTING SYSTEM THAT IS COMPRISED OF A STEP-DOWN METHODOLOGY FOR ALLOCATING HOSPITAL OVERHEAD THAT IS SIMILAR TO THAT USED FOR THE MEDICARE COST REPORT. ALL INDIRECT COSTS ARE ALLOCATED TO PATIENT CARE COST CENTER, TEACHING AND RESEARCH. FULLY-LOADED PATIENT CARE COSTS ARE ALLOCATED TO PATIENTS USING BILLED UNITS, UNIT COSTS, AND ALLOCATION ALGORITHMS SPECIFIC TO EACH COST CENTER. SCHEDULE H, PART III, LINE 9B PATIENTS ARE NOTIFIED ON ALL BILLING STATEMENTS OF THE AVAILABILITY OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE AND THE CONTACT INFORMATION OF THE APPROPRIATE STAFF MEMBERS WHO ARE AVAILABLE TO ASSIST IN THE PROCESS. MEEI'S POLICY INCORPORATES SPECIFIC BILLING PRACTICES RELATING TO PATIENTS WHO ARE ELGIBLE FOR FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE. SCHEDULE H, PART VI, LINE 2 MASS. EYE AND EAR ENGAGED THE SERVICES OF CONSULTANTS TO JOIN THE CB WORKING GROUP AND GUIDE THE ASSESSMENT PROCESSES, WHICH TOOK PLACE DURING THE FALL 2015/WINTER 2016. THE NEXT ASSESSMENT PROCESS IS UNDERWAY AND WILL BE COMPLETED IN THE SPRING OF 2019. MASS. EYE AND EAR WILL WORK AGAIN WITH KENEFICK AND BAXTER AS THEY HAVE ON THE LAST TWO ASSESSMENTS. THE NEEDS ASSESSMENT WAS A THREE-STEP PROCESS DESIGNED TO: (1) IDENTIFY THE MASS. EYE AND EAR TARGET AREAS AND POPULATIONS FOR ITS COMMUNITY BENEFIT PLAN (2) ASSESS UNMET NEEDS IN THE SERVICE AREA AND AMONG TARGET POPULATIONS (3) ASSESS NEEDS IN MISSION HILL FOR MOST MASSACHUSETTS HOSPITALS, COMMUNITY-LEVEL DATA AVAILABLE THROUGH THE MASSACHUSETTS DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND BOSTON PUBLIC HEALTH COMMISSION ARE USEFUL IN UNDERSTANDING THE SPECIFIC HEALTH NEEDS OF COMMUNITIES AND THOSE IN WHICH DISPARITIES EXIST. THESE DATA ARE TYPICALLY USED TO SELECT VULNERABLE COMMUNITIES AND POPULATIONS AND TO TARGET SERVICES TO ADDRESS PARTICULAR HEALTH ISSUES AND DISPARITIES. BECAUSE NEITHER THE BOSTON PUBLIC HEALTH COMMISSION NOR THE MASSACHUSETTS DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH COLLECT AND REPORT DATA ON VISION, HEARING, AND OTHER HEAD AND NECK CONDITIONS IN MASSACHUSETTS COMMUNITIES, MASS. EYE AND EAR HAD TO RELY ON ITS OWN PATIENT DATA, CENSUS DATA, AND GUIDANCE FROM THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION TO DEFINE ITS TARGET COMMUNITIES AND POPULATIONS AND TO FORMULATE OBJECTIVES FOR ITS COMMUNITY BENEFITS PLAN. SCHEDULE H, PART VI, LINE 3 MEEI, AS A FACILITY, WORKS TO ACTIVELY INFORM PATIENTS OF OUR PROGRAMS AND RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO THEM TO HELP WITH FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE. BILLING BROCHURES ARE AVAILABLE IN ALL DEPARTMENTAL WAITING AREAS, WHICH EXPLAIN THE BILLING PROCESS AND THE PATIENT'S OPTIONS FOR FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE. IN ADDITION, THE MEEI EXTERNAL WEBSITE CONTAINS A DEDICATED PAGE WHICH HIGHLIGHTS THE BASIC FEDERAL, AND MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR, PROGRAMS. IT ALSO PROVIDES CONTACT INFORMATION FOR MEEI'S FINANCIAL COORDINATORS. THE FINANCIAL COORDINATION PROCESS IS DESIGNED TO EVALUATE THE PATIENTS' FINANCIAL ABILITY TO PAY AND TO RECOMMEND AND ASSIST THE PATIENT WITH ENROLLING IN ANY APPLICABLE GOVERNMENT OR PRIVATE PROGRAMS. WHEN ALL AVENUES HAVE BEEN EXHAUSTED, CHARITABLE CARE CRITERIA ARE REVIEWED. INFORMATION RELATING TO THE AVAILABILTY OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE IS ALSO GENERATED ON EACH OF OUR PATIENT STATEMENTS AND HAS BEEN TRANSLATED FOR THOSE INDIVIDUALS WHO MAY HAVE LIMITED ENGLISH PROFICIENCY. SCHEDULE H, PART VI, LINE 4 STEP 1. IDENTIFY MASS. EYE AND EAR'S TARGET AREA AND POPULATIONS FOR ITS COMMUNITY BENEFITS PLAN THE ASSESSMENT TO INFORM THE NEXT MASS. EYE AND EAR COMMUNITY BENEFIT PLAN BEGAN WITH ANALYSIS OF 12 MONTHS OF PATIENT DATA (APRIL 1, 2014 THROUGH MARCH 31, 2015) TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE POPULATION SERVED. PATIENTS FROM OUTSIDE OF MASSACHUSETTS WERE EXCLUDED FROM ANALYSES, LEAVING A REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF 91,915 PATIENTS WHO UTILIZED SERVICES AT MASS. EYE AND EAR'S MAIN CAMPUS AND ITS LONGWOOD FACILITY. BELOW, OBSERVATIONS ABOUT PATIENTS SEX, RACE/ETHNICITY, AGE, SES, AND THEIR GEOGRAPHIC LOCATIONS ARE PROVIDED. THESE DATA WERE USED TO GUIDE THE SELECTION OF COMMUNITIES AND/OR POPULATIONS OF FOCUS. BELOW, THE FINDINGS ABOUT PATIENTS' SEX, RACE/ETHNICITY, GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION, AND SES ARE PROVIDED AND ARE FOLLOWED BY PROFILES OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS OF COLOR, LOW-INCOME AND UN/UNDER-INSURED PATIENTS, AND ITS PEDIATRIC AND GERIATRIC PATIENTS. SEX: OVER HALF (54.7%) OF PATIENTS INCLUDED IN THE DATA SET ARE FEMALE. RACE/ETHNICITY: ROUGHLY 81% OF PATIENTS IN THE SAMPLE ELECTED TO PROVIDE DATA ABOUT THEIR RACE AND ETHNICITY AT THE TIME OF REGISTRATION AT MASS. EYE AND EAR. FIGURE BELOW SHOWS THE RACIAL/ETHNIC BREAKDOWN OF PATIENTS IN THE DATA SET, THE MAJORITY OF WHOM (64.4%) ARE WHITE. RACE/ETHNICITY OF MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENTS AMERICAN INDIAN/ALASKA NATIVE 191 0.2% ASIAN 4,126 4.2% BLACK/AFRICAN AMERICAN 6,062 6.6% HISPANIC 3,961 4.3% PACIFIC ISLANDER 38 .3% WHITE 59,166 64.4% OTHER 685 0.7% UNKNOWN 17,686 19.2% TOTAL 91,915 100.0% GEOGRAPHY: JUST UNDER 20% OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS RESIDE IN BOSTON. ANOTHER 39.7% LIVE IN THE SUBURBAN COMMUNITIES AROUND BOSTON AND WITHIN THE 128 BELT, AND 25.4% LIVE WEST OF 128, BUT STILL EAST OF INTERSTATE 495. THE REMAINING 15.5% OF PATIENT LIVE ELSEWHERE IN MA (E.G., WEST OF INTERSTATE 495 OR ON THE CAPE OR ISLANDS). GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENTS LIVING IN MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON 17,794 19.4% WITHIN 128 (EXCEPT BOSTON) 36,517 39.7% EAST OF 495/WEST OF 128 23,336 25.4% ELSEWHERE IN MA 14,268 15.5% BOSTON IS HOME TO THE LARGEST CONCENTRATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENTS (19.4%) FOLLOWED BY 15 OTHER COMMUNITIES. WITH THE EXCEPTION OF ANDOVER, 14 OF THESE 15 COMMUNITIES ARE WITHIN THE 128 BELT. TOGETHER WITH BOSTON, THESE COMMUNITIES ARE HOME TO 47.2% OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS. COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON THAT ARE HOME TO LARGEST CONCENTRATIONS OF PATIENTS CAMBRIDGE 3,476 3.8% REVERE 2,187 2.40% NEWTON 2,080 2.3% QUINCY 1,983 2.20% SOMERVILLE 1,976 2.10% BROOKLINE 1,840 2.0% CHELSEA 1,769 1.9% MEDFORD 1,700 1.8% MALDEN 1,672 1.8% LYNN 1,434 1.6% EVERETT 1,326 1.4% ANDOVER 1,117 1.2% ARLINGTON 1,101 1.2% WALTHAM 979 1.10% WINTHROP 890 1.00% TOTAL 25,530 27.8% NOTE THAT WITHIN THE DATA SET, SOME PATIENTS WERE LISTED AS LIVING IN BOSTON WITH NO SPECIFIED NEIGHBORHOOD, WHEREAS OTHERS WERE LISTED AS LIVING IN ONE OF BOSTON'S 21 NEIGHBORHOODS. IN FACT, DATA WERE AVAILABLE FOR 13 OF THE 21 NEIGHBORHOODS. RATHER THAN ROLL THE DATA FOR THE 13 NEIGHBORHOODS INTO THE BOSTON NUMBERS, THE CONSULTANTS KEPT THE DATA SEPARATE TO UNDERSTAND WHICH NEIGHBORHOODS HAVE SIGNIFICANT NUMBERS OF MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENTS. HOWEVER, IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THE ACTUAL NUMBERS ASSOCIATED WITH THOSE NEIGHBORHOODS SHOULD BE HIGHER, AS SOME PATIENTS LIVING IN THOSE NEIGHBORHOODS ARE SIMPLY CLASSIFIED AS LIVING IN BOSTON. OTHER NEIGHBORHOODS OF BOSTON MAY ALSO BE HOME TO LARGE NUMBERS OF MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENTS BUT, BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT BROKEN OUT, WE DO NOT KNOW HOW MANY PATIENTS RESIDE IT THOSE NEIGHBORHOODS. NEIGHBORHOOD OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS WHO RESIDE IN BOSTON BOSTON 5,590 31.4% SOUTH BOSTON 893 5.0% DORCHESTER 2,692 15.1% WEST ROXBURY 776 4.4% EAST BOSTON 1,353 7.6% HYDE PARK 719 4.0% CHARLESTOWN 1,195 6.7% ROSLINDALE 713 4.0% JAMAICA PLAIN 1,171 6.6% MATTAPAN 560 3.1% BRIGHTON 917 5.2% ALLSTON 321 1.8% ROXBURY 894 5.0% SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS: DETERMINING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS (SES) OF PATIENTS IS CHALLENGING. HOWEVER, MEANS-TESTED PUBLIC HEALTH INSURANCE PLANS (E.G., MASSHEALTH, NETWORK HEALTH, BMC HEALTH NET, HEALTH SAFETY NET) MAY BE USED AS A PROXY FOR LOWER SES. ADDITIONALLY, THOSE WHOSE PAYER WAS LISTED AS A SOURCE OF CHARITABLE CARE OR WHO ARE LISTED AS SELF-PAY ARE CONSIDERED UNINSURED OR UNDERINSURED. THESE PROXIES LIKELY LEAD TO AN UNDER-ESTIMATION OF THE PERCENTAGE OF LOW-INCOME PATIENTS. FOR EXAMPLE, MOST PATIENTS WHO ARE 65 AND OVER HAVE SOME FORM OF MEDICARE AS THEIR PAYMENT METHOD, WHICH PROVIDES NO INDICATION OF SES. DESPITE SUCH LIMITATIONS, THE DATA INDICATE THAT AT LEAST 15.1% OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS ARE LOW-INCOME AND 2.2% ARE UNINSURED OR UNDER-INSURED. PROFILES OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S LOW-INCOME PATIENTS AND PATIENTS OF COLOR: PATIENTS WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN/UNDER-INSURED BASED ON PAYMENT METHOD DATA, AT LEAST 15,846 (17.2%) OF MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENTS ARE OF LOWER SES OR ARE UNINSURED OR UNDER-INSURED. MORE THAN HALF (55.1%) OF THESE PATIENTS ARE WOMEN. THE MEAN AGE OF THESE PATIENTS IS 40.82 WITH A RANGE OF 2 TO 102. PEOPLE OF COLOR MAKE UP 30.2% OF THE PATIENTS WHO HAVE LOWER SES AND WHO ARE UN- OR UNDER-INSURED COMPARED TO 16.4% OF THE TOTAL MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENT POPULATION. RACIAL CATEGORY OF PATIENT WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN/UNDER-INSURED (TOTAL PATIENT POPULATION -- LOW SES & UN/UNDER-INSURED) RACE/ETHNICITY: #; % -- #; % WHITE 59,166; 64.4% -- 7,184; 45.3% PEOPLE OF COLOR 15,063; 16.4% -- 4,789; 30.2% UNKNOWN 17,686; 19.2% -- 3,873; 24.4% TOTAL: 91,915; 100.0% -- 15,846; 100.0% JUST OVER 70% OF PATIENTS WITH LOWER SES OR WHO ARE UN- OR UNDER-INSURED LIVE WITHIN THE 128 BELT, WITH 23.9% OF THOSE RESIDING IN BOSTON. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S LOW-INCOME OR UN/UNDER-INSURED PATIENTS BOSTON: 3,794; 23.9% WITHIN 128 (EXCLUDING BOSTON): 7,330; 46.3% EAST OF 495/WEST OF 128: 2,688; 17.0% ELSEWHERE IN MA: 2,034; 12.8% TOTAL: 15,846; 100.0% OUTSIDE OF BOSTON, 14 COMMUNITIES ARE HOME TO THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UNINSURED OR UNDER-INSURED. WITH THE EXCEPTION OF BROCKTON AND LAWRENCE, ALL OF THESE COMMUNITIES ARE WITHIN THE 128 BELT. COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE BOSTON WITH HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN/UNDER-INSURED. CHELSEA: 895; 5.6% REVERE 735; 4.6% CAMBRIDGE: 559; 3.5% LYNN: 542; 3.4% EVERETT: 531; 3.4% MALDEN: 470; 3.0% SOMERVILLE: 439; 2.8% QUINCY; 351; 2.2% MEDFORD: 307; 1.9% NEWTON: 198; 1.2% BROCKTON: 192; 1.2% LAWRENCE: 181; 1.1% WALTHAM: 180; 1.1% SAUGUS: 153; 1.0% TOTAL: 5,733; 36.0% PATIENTS OF COLOR: JUST OVER ONE-THIRD (35.6%) OF MASS EYE AND EAR PATIENTS IDENTIFIED AS BEING HISPANIC OR OF A RACE OTHER THAN WHITE. MOST OF THESE PATIENTS OF COLOR SELF-IDENTIFIED AN ETHNIC IDENTITY AS WELL: ASIAN (E.G., CAMBODIAN, CHINESE, JAPANESE, KOREAN, LAOTIAN, VIETNAMESE, ASIAN INDIAN); BLACK/AFRICAN AMERICAN (E.G., AFRICAN, CAPE VERDEAN, CARIBBEAN ISLANDER, HAITIAN); AND HISPANIC (E.G., BRAZILIAN, CUBAN, DOMINICAN, GUATEMALAN, HONDURAN, MEXICAN, PORTUGUESE, PUERTO RICAN, SALVADORAN). MANY WHO IDENTIFIED THEIR RACE AS "OTHER" OFFERED MIDDLE EASTERN OR NORTH AFRICAN AS THEIR ETHNICITY. IN ALL, 15,063 (16.4%) OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS ARE HISPANIC OR A RACE OTHER THAN WHITE. OF THESE PATIENTS, 57.5% ARE FEMALE. THE AVERAGE AGE OF THESE PATIENTS IS 48.27 WITH A RANGE OF 2 TO 104. 76.7% OF THESE PATIENTS OF COLOR LIVE IN BOSTON (34.5%) AND SUBURBAN COMMUNITIES WITHIN THE ROUTE 128 BELT (42.2%). THE LARGEST CONCENTRATIONS OF PATIENTS OF COLOR OUTSIDE OF BOSTON ARE IN EIGHT COMMUNITIES WITHIN THE 128 BELT. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS OF COLOR BOSTON: 5,194; 34.5% WITHIN 128 (EXCLUDING BOSTON): 6,352; 42.2% EAST OF 495/WEST OF 128: 2,210; 14.7% ELSEWHERE IN MA: 1,307; 8.6% TOTAL: 15,063; 100.0% A COMPARISON OF THE COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN- OR UNDER-INSURED WITH THOSE COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENT OF COLOR SHOW OVERLAP. COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE BOSTON WITH HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS OF COLOR CAMBRIDGE*: 843; 5.6% CHELSEA*: 677; 4.5% MALDEN*: 532; 3.5% LYNN*: 449; 3.0% REVERE*: 421; 2.8% EVERETT*: 401; 2.7% SOMERVILLE*: 386; 2.6% QUINCY*: 374; 2.5% BROCKTON*: 341; 2.3% MEDFORD*: 286; 1.9% BROOKLINE: 271; 1.8% RANDOLPH: 272; 1.8% NEWTON*: 243; 1.6% WALTHAM*: 166; 1.1% LAWRENCE*: 159; 1.1% LEXINGTON: 157; 1.0% *COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN/UNDER-INSURED BASED ON PAYMENT METHOD, 29.8% OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS OF COLOR HAVE LOW SES AND 2% ARE UNINSURED OR UNDER-INSURED. MOST (81%) OF THESE PATIENTS LIVE WITHIN THE 128 BELT WITH 32.7% OF THEM RESIDING IN BOSTON. FIGURE BELOW SHOWS THE COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS OF COLOR WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UNINSURED OR UNDER-INSURED. ALL BUT LOWELL APPEAR ON BOTH THE LIST OF COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS OF COLOR AND PATIENTS WITH LOW SES AND WHO ARE UN- OR UNDER-INSURED. COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS OF COLOR WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN/UNDER-INSURED BROCKTON*+: 97; 2.0% BROOKLINE*: 54; 1.0% CAMBRIDGE*+: 218; 4.6% EVERETT*+: 207; 4.3% LOWELL 50; 1.0% LYNN*+: 229; 4.8% MALDEN*+: 200; 4.2% MEDFORD*+: 87; 1.6% QUINCY*+: 109; 2.3% REVERE*+: 209; 4.4% SOMERVILLE*+: 147; 3.1% WALTHAM*+: 52; 1.1% *COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN/UNDER-INSURED +COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS OF COLOR THE OVERLAP IN COMMUNITIES SUGGESTS THAT CONCENTRATING IN THE COMMUNITIES IN WHICH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PATIENTS WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN- OR UNDER-INSURED WILL ALSO ENSURE THAT COMMUNITY BENEFIT ACTIVITIES REACH THOSE COMMUNITIES IN WHICH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS OF COLOR LIVE, INCLUDING THOSE WHO HAVE LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN- OR UNDERINSURED. GIVEN THE LOCATION OF MOST OF THE THESE COMMUNITIES, IT MAKES SENSE TO CONCENTRATE MASS. EYE AND EAR'S COMMUNITY BENEFIT ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE 128 BELT TO HELP TO ENSURE THAT ITS PATIENTS OF COLOR AND THOSE WITH LOW SES AND LITTLE OR NO INSURANCE WILL BENEFIT. PROFILE OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S GERIATRIC AND PEDIATRIC POPULATIONS: MASS. EYE AND EAR HAS CLINICAL EXPERTISE IN SERVING PEDIATRIC AND GERIATRIC PATIENTS. THESE POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE GROUPS WERE SELECTED BY THE COMMUNITY BENEFITS STEERING COMMITTEE AS PRIORITY POPULATIONS FOR MASS. EYE AND EAR'S COMMUNITY BENEFITS PLAN DUE TO THE IMPACT OF HEARING/VISION IMPAIRMENT ON CHILDREN'S DEVELOPMENT AND HEARING/VISION IMPAIRMENT AND BALANCE ISSUES ON THE HEALTH AND SAFETY OF ELDERS. SENIORS (AGE 65+): PATIENTS AGED 65 AND OVER MAKE UP 31.6% OF THOSE SEEN AT MASS. EYE AND EAR DURING THE SELECTED TIMEFRAME, A TOTAL OF 29,060 INDIVIDUALS. AMONG SENIOR PATIENTS, 56.2% ARE FEMALE. THE AVERAGE AGE OF THE SENIOR GROUP IS 74.67 WITH A RANGE OF 65 TO 104. FOR MASS. EYE AND EAR'S SENIORS IN GENERAL, NEARLY 60% LIVE WITHIN THE 128 BELT WITH 18.6% OF THOSE RESIDING IN BOSTON. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S GERIATRIC PATIENTS BOSTON: 5,404; 18.6% WITHIN 128 (EXCLUDING BOSTON): 11,812; 40.6% EAST OF 495/WEST OF 128: 7,258; 25.0% ELSEWHERE IN MA: 4,586; 15.8% TOTAL: 29,060; 100.0% BECAUSE MOST SENIORS HAVE SOME FORM OF MEDICARE FOR HEALTH CARE COVERAGE, THE PAYER DATA ARE NOT PARTICULARLY USEFUL IN HELPING US TO UNDERSTAND WHICH OF THE SENIOR PATIENTS ARE LOW-INCOME. AMONG THE 29,060 SENIOR PATIENTS, 1,095 (3.8%) HAD SOME FORM OF MEDICAID (E.G., MASSHEALTH, EMERGENCY MEDICAID, NETWORK HEALTH) AS THEIR PAYER AND 508 (1.7%) WERE LISTED AS SELF-PAY, WHICH LIKELY INDICATES THAT THEY HAD NO COVERAGE FOR THE SERVICES THEY RECEIVED AT MASS. EYE AND EAR. AMONG THE SENIORS WHO MAY BE LOW INCOME OR WHO ARE UN- OR UNDER-INSURED, 72.5% LIVE WITHIN THE 128 BELT WITH 21.9% OF THOSE SENIORS LIVING IN BOSTON. FIGURE BELOW SHOWS THE 15 COMMUNITIES WITH THE LARGEST CONCENTRATION OF MASS EYE AND EAR'S SENIOR PATIENTS, AS WELL AS THOSE WHERE THE LARGEST CONCENTRATION OF LOW-INCOME OR UN- OR UNDER-INSURED SENIORS RESIDE. COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE BOSTON WITH HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S SENIORS AND SENIORS WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN/UNDER-INSURED (SENIORS -- LOW INCOME SENIORS) CAMBRIDGE: 1,112; 3.8% -- 80; 5.0% NEWTON: 772; 2.7% -- 45; 2.8% REVERE: 679; 2.3% -- 61; 3.8% BROOKLINE: 672; 2.3% -- 51; 3.2% QUINCY: 665; 2.3% -- 33; 2.1% SOMERVILLE 553; 1.9% -- 45; 2.8% MALDEN 486; 1.7% -- 45; 2.8% CHELSEA: 391; 1.3% -- 54; 3.4% ARLINGTON: 376; 1.3% -- 26; 1.6% ANDOVER*: 370; 1.3% LYNN: 369 1.3% -- 49; 3.1% WINTHROP: 352; 1.2% EVERETT: 333; 1.1% -- 31; 1.9% LEXINGTON: 317; 1.1% WALTHAM: 283; 1.0% -- 20; 1.2% MEDFORD: 39; 2.4% FRAMINGHAM*:24; 1.5% WATERTOWN: 20; 1.2% BECAUSE PAYOR DATA PROVIDE LITTLE INSIGHT INTO THE SES OF THE LARGER GERIATRIC PATIENT POPULATION, U.S. CENSUS DATA WERE ALSO EXAMINED TO UNDERSTAND THE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES (I.E., PROPORTION OF SENIORS AND THOSE LIVING BELOW THE POVERTY LEVEL) WHO LIVE IN EACH OF THE 18 COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S GERIATRIC PATIENTS. SEVEN OF THE COMMUNITIES HAVE A LARGER PROPORTION OF SENIOR RESIDENTS THAN THE STATE IN GENERAL AND EIGHT HAVE A LARGER PROPORTION OF RESIDENTS LIVING BELOW THE POVERTY LEVEL THAN THE STATE IN GENERAL. ALTHOUGH REVERE IS THE ONLY OF THE COMMUNITIES WITH A HIGHER PROPORTION OF BOTH GROUPS THAN MASSACHUSETTS IN GENERAL, MANY OF THE 15 COMMUNITIES WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S GERIATRIC PATIENTS ALSO HAVE HIGH RATES OF POVERTY. EXCEPT FOR ANDOVER, ALL OF THESE COMMUNITIES ARE WITHIN THE 128 BELT, WHICH SUGGESTS THAT CONCENTRATING COMMUNITY BENEFIT PROGRAMMING ON COMMUNITIES WITHIN THE 128 BELT WILL HAVE THE GREATEST LIKELIHOOD OF REACHING MASS. EYE AND EAR'S GERIATRIC PATIENTS, INCLUDING MANY WHO LIVE IN COMMUNITIES THAT ARE DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECTED BY POVERTY. U.S. CENSUS DATA ON RESIDENTS 65+ AND POVERTY IN COMMUNITIES IN WHICH THE LARGEST CONCENTRATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR SENIOR PATIENTS RESIDE (2014 US CENSUS POPULATION ESTIMATE; RESIDENTS 65+; RESIDENTS LIVING BELOW POVERTY LEVEL) MASSACHUSETTS: 6,745,408; 13.8%; 11.4% CAMBRIDGE: 109,694; 9.5%; 14.7% NEWTON: 88,287; 15.2%; 5.7% REVERE: 54,157; 14.5%; 15.4% BROOKLINE*: 58,732; 12.8%; 11.5% QUINCY: 93,397; 15.1%; 10.5% SOMERVILLE: 78,901; 9.1%; 14.8% MALDEN: 60,859; 11.8%; 16.0% CHELSEA: 38,861; 8.7%; 23.7% ARLINGTON*: 42,844; 15.8%; 3.9% ANDOVER*: 8,762; 18.5%; 7.4% LYNN: 92,137; 11.4%; 21.0% WINTHROP: 18,352; 16.5%; 9.2% EVERETT: 44,231; 11.5%; 13.2% LEXINGTON*: 31,394; 18.6%; 3.9% WALTHAM: 63,014; 12.3%; 10.1% *2014 ESTIMATE NOT AVAILABLE. DATA ARE FROM 2010 U.S. CENSUS CHILDREN (UNDER 18 YEARS OLD): IN THE SELECTED TIMEFRAME, MASS. EYE AND EAR PROVIDED SERVICES TO 8,725 PATIENTS UNDER THE AGE OF 18. THESE CHILDREN COMPRISE 9.5% OF THE TOTAL PATIENT POPULATION. THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION IS MADE UP OF MORE MALES (56.3%) THAN FEMALES AND WHITE (56%) PATIENTS THAN THOSE IN OTHER RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUPS. THE PAYER SOURCE FOR THESE PATIENTS INDICATES THAT 30.2% ARE OF LOWER SES AND 1% IS UN- OR UNDER-INSURED. OVER HALF (53.5%) LIVE WITHIN THE 128 BELT WITH 12.1% RESIDING IN BOSTON. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PEDIATRIC PATIENTS (N=8,725) BOSTON: 1,057; 12.1% WITHIN 128 (EXCLUDING BOSTON): 3,610; 41.4% EAST OF 495/WEST OF 128: 2,679; 30.7% ELSEWHERE IN MA: 1,379; 15.8% OVER TWO-THIRDS (67.7%) OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN OR UNDER-INSURED LIVE IN COMMUNITIES WITHIN THE 128 BELT, INCLUDING BOSTON (15.1%). FIGURE 15 SHOWS THE COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS, AS WELL AS THOSE WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WHO HAVE LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN- OR UNDER-INSURED. TWELVE COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE OF BOSTON THAT ARE HOME TO THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS ARE ALSO HOME TO THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF CHILDREN WHO HAVE LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN- OR UNDER-INSURED. WITH THE EXCEPTION OF BROCKTON, LAWRENCE, AND HAVERHILL, ALL OF THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION COMMUNITIES IN WHICH THESE LOW-INCOME CHILDREN LIVE ARE WITHIN THE 128 BELT. THESE DATA SUGGEST THAT CONCENTRATING COMMUNITY BENEFIT PROGRAMMING ON COMMUNITIES WITHIN THE 128 BELT WILL HAVE THE GREATEST LIKELIHOOD OF REACHING MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PEDIATRIC PATIENTS, INCLUDING MANY WHO ARE LOW-INCOME. COMMUNITIES OUTSIDE BOSTON WITH HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PEDIATRIC PATIENTS AND THOSE WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN/UNDER-INSURED (CHILDREN ; LOW INCOME CHILDREN) CHELSEA 322 3.7% ; 253 9.3% REVERE: 284 3.3% ; 197 7.2% CAMBRIDGE: 252 2.9% ; 87 3.2% EVERETT: 209 2.4% ; 149 5.5% NEWTON: 200 2.3% LYNN: 187 2.1% ; 132 4.9% SOMERVILLE: 170 1.9% ; 87 3.2% MALDEN: 164 1.9% ; 98 3.6% QUINCY: 160 1.8% ; 54 2.0% BROOKLINE: 129 1.5% ANDOVER: 120 1.4% WALTHAM: 112 1.3% ; 32 1.2% BROCKTON: 107 1.2% ; 56 2.1% MEDFORD: 103 1.2% ; 36 1.3% MILTON: 103 1.2% HAVERHILL: 97 1.1% ; 41 1.5% BRAINTREE: 92 1.1% LEXINGTON: 88 1.0% NATICK: 86 1.0% WELLESLEY: 85 1.0% LAWRENCE: 34 1.3% PEABODY: 27 1.0% SAUGUS: 29 1.1% WINTHROP: 26 1.0% SUFFOLK COUNTY AND MUCH OF MIDDLESEX COUNTY ARE LOCATED WITHIN THE 128 BELT, WHERE MOST OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS RESIDE AND WHERE THE LARGEST CONCENTRATIONS OF VULNERABLE PATIENTS (E.G., CHILDREN, SENIORS, THOSE WITH LOW SES OR WHO ARE UN/UNDER-INSURED) LIVE. THE U.S. CENSUS DATA FOR MASSACHUSETTS' COUNTIES SHOW THAT: SUFFOLK COUNTY IS HOME TO THE LARGEST NUMBER AND HIGHEST PERCENTAGE OF THE STATE'S RESIDENTS LIVING BELOW THE FEDERAL POVERTY LEVEL. TOGETHER, SUFFOLK AND MIDDLESEX COUNTIES ARE HOME TO 28.9% OF THE COMMONWEALTH'S RESIDENTS WHO LIVE BELOW THE POVERTY LINE. MIDDLESEX COUNTY IS HOME TO THE LARGEST NUMBER OF SENIOR CITIZENS (AGE 65 AND OVER) AND THAT, TOGETHER, MIDDLESEX AND SUFFOLK COUNTIES ARE HOME TO 35% OF THE COMMONWEALTH'S SENIORS. MIDDLESEX COUNTY IS HOME TO THE LARGEST NUMBER AND HIGHEST PERCENTAGE OF THE STATE'S CHILDREN (UNDER AGE 18) AND, TOGETHER, MIDDLESEX AND SUFFOLK COUNTIES ARE HOME TO 37.9% OF THE COMMONWEALTH'S CHILDREN UNDER AGE 18. SENIORS, CHILDREN, AND THOSE LIVING BELOW THE POVERTY LINE IN MA COUNTIES. (POPULATION ; # LIVING BELOW POVERTY LINE ; % LIVING BELOW POVERTY LINE ; # OF SENIORS (65+) ; % SENIORS (65+) ; # OF CHILDREN (UNDER 18) ; % OF CHILDREN (UNDER 18)) MASSACHUSETTS: 674,540: 768,977 11.4%; 930,866 13.8%; 1,389,554 20.6% BARNSTABLE: 214,914: 19,987 9.3%; 59,746 27.8%; 34,171 15.9% BERKSHIRE: 128,715: 16,476 12.8%; 26,901 20.9%; 23,040 17.9% BRISTOL: 554,194: 68,720 12.4%; 87,008 15.7%; 116,935 21.1% DUKES: 17,356: 1,753 10.1%; 3,436 19.8%; 3,176 18.3% ESSEX: 769,091: 86,138 11.2%; 119,978 15.6%; 169,200 22.0% FRANKLIN: 70,862: 8,574 12.1%; 12,897 18.2%; 12,897 18.2% HAMPDEN: 468,161: 82,864 17.7%; 71,629 15.3%; 105,336 22.5% HAMPSHIRE: 160,939: 20,922 13.0%; 23,658 14.7%: 25,106 15.6% MIDDLESEX: 1,570,315: 127,196 8.1%; 219,844 14.0%; 323,485 20.6% NANTUCKET: 10,856: 1,129 10.4%; 1,455 13.4%; 2,269 20.9% NORFOLK: 692,254: 45,689 6.6%; 108,684 15.7%; 149,527 21.6% PLYMOUTH: 507,022: 38,534 7.6% ; 82,138 16.2%; 114,080 22.5% SUFFOLK: 767,254: 159,589 20.8%; 84,398 11.0%; 132,735 17.3% WORCESTER: 813,475: 91,109 11.2%; 114,700 14.1%; 178,965 22.0% BY CONCENTRATING ON THE 128 BELT WITH SOME EFFORTS THAT EXTEND STATEWIDE (ESPECIALLY IN THE AREA BETWEEN 128 AND INTERSTATE 495), MASS. EYE AND EAR WILL LIKELY REACH THE GREATEST CONCENTRATION OF ITS CURRENT PATIENTS, ITS MOST VULNERABLE PATIENTS (I.E., SENIORS, CHILDREN, THOSE WITH LOW SES), AS WELL AS NON-PATIENTS WHO ARE SENIORS, CHILDREN, AND THOSE LIVING IN POVERTY WHO MAY BENEFIT FROM MASS. EYE AND EAR'S COMMUNITY BENEFIT ACTIVITIES. ACCORDING TO THE DONAHUE INSTITUTE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS, THE SENIOR POPULATION (65+) IS PROJECTED TO STEADILY INCREASE OVER THE NEXT 15 YEARS WHEREAS THE POPULATION OF CHILDREN WILL REMAIN RELATIVELY STABLE. PROJECTED PROPORTIONS OF SENIORS AND CHILDREN IN MA (2015-2030) (SENIORS; CHILDREN) 2015: 15.3%; 22.9% 2020: 16.9%; 22.4% 2025: 19.1%; 22.3% 2030: 21.1%; 22.5% THESE PROJECTIONS SUGGEST THAT THE NEED FOR MASS. EYE AND EAR'S COMMUNITY BENEFIT ACTIVITIES TARGETING SENIORS AND CHILDREN WILL PERSIST (AND EVEN GROW FOR SENIORS) OVER THE THREE YEARS OF THIS PLAN. CONCLUSIONS: BASED ON THE CENSUS DATA AND MASS EYE AND EAR'S OWN PATIENT DATA, THE COMMUNITY BENEFITS COMMITTEE CONCLUDED THAT, ALTHOUGH MASS. EYE AND EAR CARES FOR PATIENTS FROM ALL OVER THE COMMONWEALTH, THE HOSPITAL'S PRIMARY SERVICE AREA INCLUDES THE COMMUNITIES WITHIN THE ROUTE 128 BELT. ANALYSES ALSO SHOWED THAT LARGE NUMBERS OF CHILDREN, ELDERLY, AND LOW-INCOME PATIENTS AND PATIENTS OF COLOR RESIDE WITHIN THIS SERVICE AREA. THE COMMITTEE FURTHER CONCLUDED THAT, GIVEN THE NUMBER OF LOW INCOME COMMUNITIES AND PROPORTION OF PEOPLE OF COLOR RESIDING WITHIN ITS PRIMARY SERVICE AREA, MEMBERS OF MASS EYE AND EAR'S TARGET POPULATION ARE VERY LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE BARRIERS TO CARE RELATED TO DIVERSITY (E.G., LANGUAGE) AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS. DUE TO THE FACTORS THAT MAKE CHILDREN, SENIORS AND LOW-INCOME INDIVIDUALS AND PEOPLE OF COLOR VULNERABLE, THESE GROUPS WILL BE PRIORITIZED WITHIN THE COMMUNITY BENEFITS PLAN. ALTHOUGH THE PLAN SHOULD NOT EXCLUDE THOSE LIVING OUTSIDE THE METRO-BOSTON AREA, IT SHOULD EMPHASIZE SERVICES FOR THOSE LIVING WITHIN IT BECAUSE RESIDENTS ARE SO LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE BARRIERS TO CARE. MASS. EYE AND EAR SHOULD BUILD UPON A SOLID FOUNDATION OF OUTREACH AND SERVICE PROVISION TO METRO-BOSTON COMMUNITIES AND INCLUDE STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING ACCESS TO CARE IN THE COMMUNITY BENEFITS PLAN. STEP 2. ASSESS UNMET NEEDS IN THE SERVICE AREA AND AMONG THE TARGET POPULATIONS WITH DATA FROM PROVIDERS AND STAFF AT MASS. EYE AND EAR AND EXTERNAL PARTNERS AT ORGANIZATIONS SERVING THE TARGET POPULATIONS AND COMMUNITIES, THE CB WORKING GROUP IDENTIFIED THE UNMET NEEDS THAT, AS AN INSTITUTION, MASS. EYE AND EAR IS UNIQUELY POSITIONED TO ADDRESS BECAUSE OF ITS CLINICAL SERVICES AND EXPERTISE. THROUGH ON-GOING DIALOG AND CONVERSATIONS OVER THE FALL AND WINTER, THE CB WORKING GROUP LED THE PROCESS TO IDENTIFY THE RESOURCE NEEDS. THE NEEDS ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE IDENTIFIED IN THE HOSPITAL'S LAST COMMUNITY BENEFITS PLAN. -TO EXTEND VISION SCREENING AND HEARING EXAMINATIONS AND FOLLOW UP CARE TO INDIVIDUALS WHO HAVE NO OR VERY LIMITED ACCESS TO SUCH SERVICES. -FOR RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGICAL SERVICES FOR SURVIVORS OF VIOLENCE WHO EXPERIENCED PHYSICAL INJURIES TO THE HEAD AND/OR NECK. -FOR EDUCATION, SCREENING AND SUPPORT FOR HEAD AND NECK CANCERS. -FOR EDUCATION AND SUPPORT RELATED TO FACIAL PARALYSIS AND CONDITIONS THAT AFFECT SMELL AND TASTE. -FOR RESOURCES TO IMPROVE ACCESS TO CARE FOR MEMBERS OF THE TARGET COMMUNITIES WHO WOULD BENEFIT FROM MASS. EYE AND EAR SERVICES BUT WHO ARE UNABLE TO GET THE CARE THEY NEED DUE TO LINGUISTIC OR FINANCIAL ISSUES, LACK OF TRANSPORTATION, OR A LACK OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THEIR CONDITIONS AND THE SERVICES TO ADDRESS THEM. -FOR FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF NON-PROFITS ENGAGED IN UNIQUE AND HIGH QUALITY WORK TO ADDRESS VISION, HEARING OR OTHER CONCERNS OF THE HEAD AND NECK IN THE TARGET COMMUNITIES AND/OR AMONG THE TARGET POPULATIONS. WITH GROWTH IN THE SENIOR POPULATION, THE INCREASE IN INCOME DISPARITIES, AND THE SMALL NUMBER OF INSTITUTIONS OFFERING THE CLINICAL EXPERTISE AND SERVICES AVAILABLE AT MASS. EYE AND EAR WITHIN METRO BOSTON, THE COMMUNITY BENEFITS COMMITTEE CONCLUDED THAT THE NEEDS ARE LIKELY TO PERSIST FOR MANY YEARS TO COME. SOME OF THE IDENTIFIED NEEDS (I.E., THOSE RELATED TO AWARENESS AND EDUCATION) AFFECT LARGE NUMBERS OF PEOPLE IN THE TARGET AREA. OTHERS AFFECT SMALLER GROUPS OF PEOPLE, EITHER BECAUSE POCKETS OF PEOPLE EXPERIENCE IMPEDED ACCESS TO SERVICES THAT ARE OTHERWISE GENERALLY AVAILABLE OR BECAUSE A CLINICAL CONDITION IS RARE AND THE RESOURCES TO ADDRESS IT ARE EXTREMELY LIMITED. CONCLUSION: THE CB WORKING GROUP AND THE HOSPITAL LEADERSHIP CONCLUDED THAT THE UNMET NEEDS IDENTIFIED DURING THE METRO BOSTON ASSESSMENT WERE ALIGNED WITH THE CAPABILITIES OF THE HOSPITAL AND ITS COMMUNITY PARTNERS AND SHOULD BE USED TO FORMULATE GOALS FOR THE FY16-18 COMMUNITY BENEFITS PLAN. STEP 3. ASSESS NEEDS IN MISSION HILL AS NOTED EARLIER, MASS. EYE AND EAR DECIDED TO BROADEN ITS COMMUNITY BENEFITS WORK TO PROVIDE TARGETED PROGRAMMING IN THE MISSION HILL NEIGHBORHOOD IN 2012 WITH THE OPENING OF A MULTI-SPECIALTY AMBULATORY CARE CENTER AT 800 HUNTINGTON AVENUE ON MISSION HILL. MISSION HILL IS ONE SQUARE MILE, THREE-QUARTERS OF WHICH IS RESIDENTIAL. THE OTHER QUARTER IS COMPRISED OF THE LONGWOOD MEDICAL AREA. ACCORDING TO A REPORT BASED ON 2010 CENSUS DATA, MISSION HILL IS HOME TO 16,305 RESIDENTS, 19.7% OF WHOM ARE HISPANIC/LATINO. JUST UNDER 46% OF THE POPULATION IS A RACE OTHER THAN WHITE. ROUGHLY 21% OF THE MISSION HILL POPULATION IS 19 YEARS OF AGE OR YOUNGER AND 9.1% IS 65 YEARS OF AGE OR OLDER. AN AMERICAN COMMUNITY SURVEY (2005-2009) ESTIMATES THAT 3,711 OR 28.1% OF MISSION HILL RESIDENTS WERE BORN OUTSIDE OF THE U.S. AND THAT 48.5% OF THOSE ARE NOT CURRENTLY U.S. CITIZENS. THE RANGE OF COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN DEMONSTRATES THE RICH ETHNIC DIVERSITY OF MISSION HILL RESIDENTS. ROUGHLY HALF OF MISSION HILL'S CHILDREN AND 60% OF ADULTS SPEAK A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AT HOME AND MANY EXPERIENCE LINGUISTIC ISOLATION BECAUSE THEY SPEAK LITTLE OR NO ENGLISH. LANGUAGES REPRESENTED INCLUDE SPANISH (35.1%), INDO-EUROPEAN LANGUAGES (38%), ASIAN AND PACIFIC ISLAND LANGUAGES (31.5%), AND OTHER LANGUAGES (17.4%). PLACE OF BIRTH FOR MISSION HILL'S FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION CHINA: 899; 24.2% SINGAPORE: 70; 1.9% INDIA: 422; 11.4% FRANCE: 66; 1.8% DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: 399; 10.8% CROATIA: 53; 1.4% IRELAND: 168; 4.5% CANADA: 53; 1.4% RUSSIA: 142; 3.8% TRINIDAD & TOBAGO: 51; 1.4% VIETNAM: 138; 3.7% GREECE: 46; 1.2% KOREA: 120; 3.2% JAPAN: 45; 1.2% COLOMBIA: 100; 2.7% JAMAICA: 42; 1.1% ERITREA: 90; 2.4% UZBEKISTAN: 41; 1.1% UKRAINE: 76; 2.0% NICARAGUA: 40; 1.1% FOR MISSION HILL ADULTS OVER THE AGE OF 25 (N=8,014), 18.5% HAVE LESS THAN A HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA, 21.7% HAVE A HIGH SCHOOL DEGREE OR GED, 17.4% HAVE SOME COLLEGE OR AN ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE, AND 42.5% HAVE A BACHELOR'S DEGREE OR HIGHER. IN 2009, AN ESTIMATED 19.3% OF MISSION HILL RESIDENTS EARNED LESS THAN $10,000 A YEAR. MORE THAN HALF (53.6%) EARNED LESS THAN $40,000 PER YEAR. IN CONTRAST, 12.6% EARNED $100,000 OR MORE IN THE SAME 12 MONTHS. THE PER CAPITA INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2009 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) WAS $24,121. OF THE 7,190 PEOPLE WHO CONSIDER THEMSELVES LABOR FORCE ELIGIBLE, 88.4% ARE EMPLOYED. MISSION HILL IS HOME TO MORE THAN 20 HEALTH CARE, RESEARCH AND ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS. JUST OVER 48% OF MISSION HILL EMPLOYEES HOLD PROFESSIONAL AND MANAGERIAL ROLES. ANOTHER 18.3% ARE IN SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, 23.9% ARE IN SALES AND OFFICE JOBS, AND 9.4% ARE IN A RANGE OF OTHER OCCUPATIONS, INCLUDING CONSTRUCTION, TRANSPORTATION, AND OTHER TYPES OF LABOR. ACCORDING TO THE 2010 CENSUS, OF THE 6,332 OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS IN MISSION HILL, ONLY 11.4% ARE OWNER OCCUPIED AND 33.6% ARE OCCUPIED BY FAMILIES. SEVERAL HUNDRED HOUSING UNITS IN MISSION HILL ARE OWNED AND RENTED BY THE BOSTON HOUSING AUTHORITY. SENIORS (65+) RESIDE IN 17.8% OF MISSION HILL HOUSEHOLDS WHILE CHILDREN UNDER THE AGE OF 18 ARE IN 16.9% OF HOUSEHOLDS. IN SUMMARY, MISSION HILL IS A SMALL BUT DIVERSE COMMUNITY. ALTHOUGH HOME TO SOME OF THE CITY'S LARGEST EMPLOYERS AND SEVERAL HUNDRED MIDDLE AND UPPER INCOME RESIDENTS, MISSION HILL IS PRIMARILY A NEIGHBORHOOD OF LOWER-INCOME RESIDENTS. TO LEARN ABOUT MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS WHO RESIDE IN MISSION HILL, THE CONSULTANTS ANALYZED DATA FROM THE LARGER DATA SET FOR PATIENTS WHOSE ZIP CODE IS 02120 (THE ZIP CODE FOR MISSION HILL). DURING THE TIMEFRAME FROM WHICH PATIENT DATA WERE DRAWN, MASS. EYE AND EAR CARED FOR 311 PATIENTS WHO LIVE IN MISSION HILL (1.9% OF THE MISSION HILL POPULATION) THE NUMBER OF MISSION HILL RESIDENTS INCREASED SLIGHTLY FROM 2012 (UP 48 FROM 2012'S 263 INDIVIDUALS). WITH THE LONGWOOD FACILITY AND CONCENTRATED EFFORT TO PROVIDE SERVICES TO THE NEIGHBORHOOD THROUGH ITS COMMUNITY BENEFITS PROGRAMMING, WE EXPECT THE NUMBER OF MISSION HILL RESIDENTS SERVED BY MASS. EYE AND EAR TO INCREASE OVER TIME. FIGURE BELOW SHOWS THE DEMOGRAPHICS OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PATIENTS WHO LIVE IN MISSION HILL. DEMOGRAPHICS OF MASS. EYE AND EAR MISSION HILL PATIENTS (ZIP 02120) N=311 AGE MEAN 46.5 RANGE 3-95 UNDER 18 (PEDIATRIC) 8 (2.4%) 65+ (GERIATRIC) 69 (22.0%) SEX FEMALE 194 (62.4%) MALE 117 (37.6%) SES (USING PAYER AS PROXY) LOW SES: 89 (28.6%) UN/UNDER-INSURED: 6 (1.9%) RACE/ETHNICITY AMERICAN INDIAN/ALASKA NATIVE: 4 (1.3%) ASIAN: 26 (8.4%) BLACK/AFRICAN AMERICAN: 58 (18.6%) HISPANIC: 48 (15.4%) WHITE: 93 (29.9%) OTHER: 1 (.3%) NOT AVAILABLE: 81 (26.0%) SCHEDULE H, PART VI, LINE 5 THE COMMUNITY BENEFITS STRATEGIES MASS. EYE AND EAR'S COMMUNITY BENEFITS STRATEGIES FOR ACHIEVING ITS OBJECTIVES AND ANNUAL TARGETS PROGRAM FALL INTO FOUR MAJOR CATEGORIES: 1. HEALTH SCREENING AND DIRECT SERVICES 2. COMMUNITY EDUCATION AND SUPPORT GROUPS 3. ACCESS TO SERVICES/RESOURCES/WORK EXPERIENCE 4. FINANCIAL SUPPORT (GRANTS, DONATIONS, FOUNDATION SUPPORT, SCHOLARSHIPS) CATEGORIES 1 AND 2 DRAW ON MASS. EYE AND EAR'S BROAD CLINICAL AND TEACHING EXPERTISE AND ENCOMPASS THE NEW JOB READINESS STRATEGIES. CATEGORY 3 RESPONDS TO BARRIERS AND OBSTACLES THAT LIMIT ACCESS TO SERVICES AND ALSO INCLUDES INITIATIVES THAT PROVIDE TARGETED POPULATIONS WITH OPPORTUNITIES TO GAIN WORK EXPERIENCE. CATEGORY 4 REPRESENTS MASS. EYE AND EAR'S OPPORTUNITY TO SUPPORT PARTNERS WHOSE MISSIONS ARE ALIGNED WITH THOSE OF MASS. EYE AND EAR AND WHO ARE PROVIDING SERVICES TO MASS. EYE AND EAR'S PRIORITY PATIENT GROUPS AND/OR GEOGRAPHIC AREAS. EACH CATEGORY BELOW OFFERS A DESCRIPTION OF THE ASSOCIATED STRATEGIES AND PARTNERSHIPS AND CONCLUDES WITH AN AT-A-GLANCE TABLE THAT DESCRIBES THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS, TARGET AUDIENCE AND GEOGRAPHIC AREA SERVED, THE ATTORNEY GENERAL'S COMMUNITY BENEFITS CATEGORIES ADDRESSED, AND THE COSTS/RESOURCES EXPENDED FOR THE REPORTABLE YEAR (FY18) FOR EACH STRATEGY IN THE CATEGORY. CATEGORY 1: HEALTH SCREENING AND DIRECT SERVICES MASS. EYE AND EAR PROVIDES HEALTH SCREENING AND DIRECT CLINICAL SERVICES TO A WIDE RANGE OF INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS, FROM LOW-INCOME CHILDREN TO SENIORS TO SURVIVORS OF VIOLENCE. SPECIFIC INITIATIVES ARE DESCRIBED BELOW. NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSE CHARTER SCHOOL (NHCS): NHCS WAS FOUNDED IN 1995 TO PROVIDE A BETTER EDUCATIONAL OPTION FOR LOW-INCOME BOSTON FAMILIES AND TO INCUBATE INNOVATIVE PRACTICES THAT HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO IMPROVE PUBLIC EDUCATION FOR ALL STUDENTS. TODAY, NHCS SERVES MORE THAN 650 STUDENTS AND IS ONE OF THE MOST SOUGHT-AFTER SCHOOLS IN THE CITY, SUCCESSFULLY SERVING A DIVERSE COMMUNITY OF CHILDREN IN GRADES PRE-K THROUGH HIGH SCHOOL FROM DORCHESTER AND SURROUNDING BOSTON NEIGHBORHOODS. MASS. EYE AND EAR'S DEPARTMENTS OF AUDIOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY PARTNER WITH NHCS'S SCHOOL NURSE TO OFFER VISION AND HEARING SCREENING TO ALL STUDENTS. CHILDREN WHO NEED FOLLOW-UP CARE RECEIVE IT, FREE IF NECESSARY, AT MASS. EYE AND EAR. WORKING WITH NHCS' SCHOOL NURSE, WE SET A GOAL OF SCREENING ALL CHILDREN IN ADVANCE OF FLU SEASON TO MAXIMIZE THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN IN ATTENDANCE FOR SCREENING. CAMP HARBOR VIEW: CREATED IN 2008 TO OFFER BOSTON CHILDREN A TRUE SUMMER CAMP EXPERIENCE, CAMP HARBOR VIEW IS AN INITIATIVE OF THE NOT-FOR-PROFIT CAMP HARBOR VIEW FOUNDATION, INC. IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE CITY OF BOSTON AND THE BOYS & GIRLS CLUBS OF BOSTON. THE CAMP OFFERS CHILDREN AGES 11 TO 14 LIVING IN BOSTON'S AT-RISK NEIGHBORHOODS THE OPPORTUNITY TO LEAVE THE CITY DURING THE DAY AND PARTICIPATE IN A FOUR-WEEK SUMMER CAMP PROGRAM. RECOGNIZING MASS. EYE AND EAR'S EXPERTISE IN VISION SCREENING, LATE BOSTON MAYOR THOMAS MENINO REQUESTED THAT MASS. EYE AND EAR PLAY A ROLE AT CAMP HARBOR VIEW. MASS. EYE AND EAR HAS BEEN PARTNERING WITH THE CAMP SINCE ITS FIRST SEASON. MASS. EYE AND EAR STAFF MEMBERS TRAVEL TO CAMP HARBOR VIEW TO CONDUCT ON-SITE VISION SCREENINGS AND IDENTIFY THOSE IN NEED OF FOLLOW-UP CARE. IN 2018 MASS. EYE AND EAR HELD TWO DAYS OF SCREENING INVOLVING MORE THAN 40 MASS. EYE AND EAR STAFF MEMBERS. VISION COALITION/YEAR UP BOSTON: THE MISSION OF VISION COALITION MASSACHUSETTS IS TO REMOVE POOR VISION AS AN IMPEDIMENT TO LITERACY, EDUCATION, AND A BETTER WAY OF LIFE. VISION COALITION PROVIDES FREE VISION SCREENINGS AND FREE EYEGLASSES. MASS. EYE AND EAR PARTNERS WITH VISION COALITION MASSACHUSETTS BY PERFORMING FULL EYE EXAMS AND PROVIDING MEDICAL CARE FOR PARTICIPANTS IN YEAR UP BOSTON, WHICH THE VISION COALITION IDENTIFIED THROUGH SCREENING AS NEEDING VISION CARE. YEAR UP SERVES YOUNG URBAN ADULTS, PROVIDING THEM WITH THE SKILLS, EXPERIENCE, AND SUPPORT THAT WILL EMPOWER THEM TO REACH THEIR POTENTIAL THROUGH PROFESSIONAL CAREERS AND HIGHER EDUCATION. MASS. EYE AND EAR STAFF MEMBERS PROVIDE EYE EXAMS TO THESE YOUNG ADULTS, PROVIDE THOSE WHO NEED THEM WITH EYE GLASSES (WHICH ARE PURCHASED AT COST BY VISION COALITION), AND ENSURE THAT THOSE WHO NEED FOLLOW-UP CARE ARE LINKED TO SERVICES. UNITED WAY PROJECT HOMELESS CONNECT: MASS. EYE AND EAR SUPPORTED THE INAUGURAL PROGRAM FOR HOMELESS FAMILIES AT THE REGGIE LEWIS CENTER IN ROXBURY. THE MASS. EYE AND EAR TEAM OF VOLUNTEERS OFFERED HEARING SCREENINGS AND ARRANGED FOR FOLLOW-UP CARE AS NEEDED. CATEGORY 2: COMMUNITY EDUCATION AND SUPPORT GROUPS MASS. EYE AND EAR'S CLINICIANS AND SOCIAL WORKERS DELIVER EDUCATION AND SUPPORT TO INDIVIDUALS COPING WITH VARIOUS MEDICAL CONDITIONS OR CHALLENGES (E.G., SINUSITIS, HEARING LOSS, VISION LOSS, FACIAL PARALYSIS). DETAILS ON THESE EDUCATIONAL AND SUPPORT STRATEGIES ARE PRESENTED BELOW. PUBLIC FORUM ON THE NOSE AND SINUSES (KNOW YOUR NOSE): THIS YEAR, MEMBERS OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S DEPARTMENT OF ENT OFFERED A SERIES OF LECTURES ON THE NOSE AND SINUSES, HEARING AND HEAD AND NECK CANCER. TARGETING THE GENERAL PUBLIC, THE EVENT WAS PUBLICIZED VIA DIRECT COMMUNICATION TO MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENTS (EMAIL INVITATION, DIGITAL SIGNAGE, SOCIAL MEDIA). LOW VISION SUPPORT GROUP: THE LOW VISION SUPPORT GROUP (PART OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S VISION REHAB PROGRAM) HELPS PARTICIPANTS UNDERSTAND ISSUES RELATED TO LOW VISION, PROVIDING COPING STRATEGIES FOR DAILY LIVING, PROBLEM-SOLVING TECHNIQUES, AND GOAL-ORIENTED ACTION PLANS. THE GROUP ADDRESSES EMOTIONS EVOKED BY VISION LOSS (E.G., SADNESS/GRIEF, FRUSTRATION, UNCERTAINTY), AS WELL AS HOW TO COMMUNICATE WITH HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS, FAMILY, FRIENDS AND STRANGERS. MASS. EYE AND EAR ALSO ARRANGES FOR GUESTS SPEAKERS WHO ARE SPECIALISTS IN SUCH AREAS AS OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, ORIENTATION AND MOBILITY. BOSTON CURED CANCER CLUB SUPPORT GROUP: THE BOSTON CURED CANCER GROUP FOR LARYNGECTOMEES SUPPORTS THE REHABILITATION OF LARYNGECTOMEES AND HELPS OFFER UNDERSTANDING TO PATIENTS AND THEIR LOVED ONES. MASS. EYE AND EAR HAS A STRONG COLLABORATIVE RELATIONSHIP WITH THIS ORGANIZATION, PROVIDING MEETING SPACE AND SPEAKERS FOR THE GROUPS. MASS. EYE AND EAR REFERS NEW LARYNGECTOMY PATIENTS TO THE BOSTON CURED CANCER GROUP, HOSTS THE SUPPORT GROUP, AND PROVIDES PARKING. PARTICIPANTS IN THE GROUPS, MOSTLY OLDER PEOPLE, ARE LARGELY FROM METRO BOSTON, BUT SOME COME FROM GREATER DISTANCES. FACIAL PARALYSIS SUPPORT GROUP: THE FACIAL PARALYSIS SUPPORT GROUP IS A FORUM FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH FACIAL PARALYSIS AND THOSE CLOSE TO THEM TO MEET AND SHARE THEIR EXPERIENCES AND TO DISCUSS SUPPORT, TREATMENT, COPING AND SELF-IMAGE. MASS. EYE AND EAR HOSTS THIS GROUP MONTHLY, PROVIDING MEETING SPACE AND SOCIAL WORK AND PHYSICIAN SUPPORT. WHILE THE GROUP IS OPEN TO ALL INDIVIDUALS WITH FACIAL PARALYSIS AND THEIR FAMILIES, PARTICIPANTS ARE GENERALLY FROM METRO BOSTON. MASS. EYE AND EAR PUBLICIZES THE SUPPORT GROUP VIA SOCIAL MEDIA AND THROUGH A PARTNERSHIP WITH THE FACIAL PARALYSIS SUPPORT NETWORK. HEAR @ BOSTON: HEAR@BOSTON, A CHAPTER OF THE HEARING LOSS ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, IS A COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION THAT HELPS EMPOWER PEOPLE WHO HAVE HEARING LOSS BY FACILITATING OPPORTUNITIES FOR SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT, EDUCATION AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT. MASS. EYE AND EAR DONATES MONTHLY MEETING SPACE, AND MASS. EYE AND EAR CLINICIANS SERVE AS SPEAKERS FOR MEETINGS AND EVENTS. THE GROUP ENCOURAGES PEOPLE OF ALL AGES TO JOIN. GRAVES' DISEASE/THYROID EYE DISEASE SUPPORT GROUP: MASS. EYE AND EAR OFFERS A THYROID EYE DISEASE (GRAVES' DISEASE) SUPPORT GROUP, WHICH ALLOWS MEMBERS TO EXPRESS THEIR CONCERNS ABOUT THIS CHRONIC ILLNESS TO HELP FORM A SOCIAL CONNECTION WITH OTHERS AND IMPROVE COPING SKILLS. THE OPEN FORUM GIVES MEMBERS THE OPPORTUNITY TO EXCHANGE INFORMATION ABOUT GRAVES' DISEASE AND GIVES PHYSICIAN SPEAKERS A CHANCE TO INFORM MEMBERS OF THE LATEST TREATMENTS. MASS. EYE AND EAR DONATES MEETING SPACE FOR THIS GROUP, WHICH MEETS QUARTERLY. PHYSICIANS FROM BOTH MASS. EYE AND EAR AND MASS. GENERAL HOSPITAL CONTRIBUTE TO THE PROGRAM. HEALTH FAIRS: MASS. EYE AND EAR STAFF ATTENDED SEVERAL COMMUNITY FAIRS TO EDUCATE THE PUBLIC ABOUT EAR, NOSE, THROAT AND EYE CARE AND ABOUT AVAILABLE HEALTH SERVICE IN VARIOUS COMMUNITIES. THESE INCLUDED: -MISSION HILL HEALTH FAIR -EMERSON HEALTH AND WELLNESS EXPO -STONEHAM TOWN DAY MISSION HILL NEIGHBORHOOD EVENTS: IN 2018, MASS. EYE AND EAR SUPPORTED NUMEROUS EVENTS IN MISSION HILL (IN ADDITION TO INTERNSHIP PROGRAM). THEY INCLUDED INVOLVEMENT WITH THE MISSION HILL MAIN STREETS (SPONSOR ANNUAL RECEPTION); INVOLVEMENT WITH YOUTH COLLABORATIVE; SPONSORSHIP OF MISSION HILL ROAD RACE; WELLNESS LECTURES AND SCREENINGS AT ROXBURY TENANTS OF HARVARD AND SUPPORT AND PARTICIPATION OF EVENTS THERE INCLUDING SENIOR PROM. CATEGORY 3: ACCESS TO SERVICES/RESOURCES/WORK EXPERIENCE THIS CATEGORY DESCRIBES MASS. EYE AND EAR STRATEGIES TO MAKE SERVICES AND RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO INDIVIDUALS WHO MIGHT NOT OTHERWISE BE ABLE TO ACCESS THEM. ALSO INCLUDED HERE ARE ACTIVITIES THAT PROVIDE TARGETED POPULATIONS WITH OPPORTUNITIES TO GAIN WORK EXPERIENCE. TRANSPORTATION FOR NEEDY PATIENTS: MASS. EYE AND EAR PROVIDES FREE TAXI TRANSPORTATION FOR PATIENTS AND FAMILIES IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS. VOLUNTEER ESCORTS FOR PATIENTS: MASS. EYE AND EAR MANAGES A PROGRAM TO PROVIDE ESCORTS TO PATIENTS WHO NEED ASSISTANCE NAVIGATING THE HOSPITAL AND SURROUNDING AREA. THESE INCLUDE TAXI ESCORTS; ESCORTS TO TRAINS OR BUSES; ESCORTS TO ACCOMMODATIONS; ESCORTS WITHIN HOSPITALS (MASS. EYE AND EAR AND MASS. GENERAL HOSPITAL); AND ASSISTANCE WITH PATIENT MEDICAL PASSPORTS. FREE EYEGLASSES PROGRAM: SOCIAL WORK STAFF, PATIENT FINANCIAL COUNSELORS, AND OPTICAL SHOP STAFF COLLABORATE TO PROVIDE FREE GLASSES TO MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENTS WHO MEET INCOME AND OTHER ELIGIBILITY GUIDELINES AND ARE UNABLE TO PAY FOR GLASSES. CONSULTATION FOR NON-MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENTS: MASS. EYE AND EAR'S SOCIAL WORK STAFF PROVIDES INFORMATION AND REFERRAL FOR FINANCIAL RESOURCES, VISION AND HEARING RESOURCES, HOMECARE, AND EDUCATION TO NON-MASS. EYE AND EAR PATIENTS. FREE MEDICATIONS: MASS. EYE AND EAR'S NEEDY PATIENT FUND COVERS THE COST OF MEDICATIONS FOR PATIENTS WHO CANNOT AFFORD TO PAY. SOCIAL WORK CONSULTATIONS FOR PATIENTS NEEDING FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE: THE STAFF FROM MASS. EYE AND EAR'S DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK ASSISTS PATIENTS IN SECURING LODGING, MEAL VOUCHERS, PARKING VOUCHERS, AND OTHER SMALL NECESSITIES THAT MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR PATIENTS AND FAMILIES TO RECEIVE TREATMENT AT MASS. EYE AND EAR. FINANCIAL COUNSELING ASSISTANCE: THE HOSPITAL'S FINANCIAL COUNSELORS WORK WITH PATIENTS TO ASSESS INSURANCE COVERAGE, IDENTIFY COVERAGE OPTIONS FOR WHICH THE UN/UNDER-INSURED MAY BE ELIGIBLE, AND TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE IN APPLYING FOR AND ACCESSING COVERAGE. HOWE LIBRARY: MASS. EYE AND EAR'S RESEARCH LIBRARY STAFF REGULARLY ASSISTS PATIENTS WHO ARE SEEKING INFORMATION ABOUT THEIR MEDICAL CONDITIONS. SERVICES INCLUDE COMPUTER SEARCHING AND RETRIEVAL OF ARTICLES, FINDING BOOKS FOR USERS, AND PROVIDING COMPUTERS, COPIERS, PRINTERS, AND ASSISTANCE TO PEOPLE IN USING THEM. THE HEARING AID CENTER: THE MASS. EYE AND EAR HEARING AID CENTER PROVIDES SUPPORT, INCLUDING EDUCATION, TO PATIENTS WITH HEARING LOSS. THESE SERVICES ARE PROVIDED TO PATIENTS AS WELL AS MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY THROUGH PARTICIPATION AT LOCAL HEALTH FAIRS AND SCHOOL SCREENINGS. FREE PARKING: MASS. EYE AND EAR OFFERS FREE PARKING TO PATIENTS AND THEIR FAMILIES THAT ENABLES THEM TO COME FOR CARE AND PARTICIPATE IN SUPPORT GROUPS. MASS. EYE AND EAR ALSO EXTENDS FREE PARKING TO SUPPORT GROUPS SUCH AS THE GLAUCOMA SUPPORT GROUP AND HEAR @ BOSTON. PROJECT SEARCH: THIS PROJECT IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE MASS. COMMISSION FOR THE BLIND AND THE POLUS CENTER FOR SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CONTINUED IN 2018, PROVIDING INTERNSHIPS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT, AN OPPORTUNITY THAT ALLOWED THEM TO DEVELOP TRANSFERRABLE JOB SKILLS. MASS EYE AND EAR WAS RECOGNIZED AS EMPLOYER OF THE YEAR BY THE MASSACHUSETTS COMMISSION FOR THE BLIND IN 2018. FENWAY HIGH SCHOOL INTERNSHIP PROGRAM: AS PART OF THE COMMITMENT TO THE MISSION HILL COMMUNITY, MASS. EYE AND EAR PARTNERS WITH FENWAY HIGH SCHOOL (LOCATED IN MISSION HILL) TO PROVIDE A SIX WEEK INTERNSHIP PROGRAM FOR GRADUATING HIGH SCHOOL SENIORS. THEY ARE BASED PRIMARILY AT MASS. EYE AND EAR, LONGWOOD, WHICH IS LOCATED IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD. WE ALSO PARTICIPATE IN THEIR CAREER DAY AT THE SCHOOL, OFFERING MENTORING AND COACHING AS WELL AS FINANCIALLY SUPPORT THEIR ANNUAL FUNDRAISING DINNER. BOSTON CREATES: MASS. EYE AND EAR DEDICATED UNDERUTILIZED SPACE TO BOSTON CREATES, A PROGRAM LAUNCHED UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF BOSTON MAYOR MARTIN WALSH AND THE OFFICE OF ARTS AND CULTURE. THE PROGRAM IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE FREE SPACE TO HELP RETAIN AND ATTRACT TALENT TO STAY IN BOSTON'S VIBRANT ARTS COMMUNITY. TWO LOCAL GROUPS USED THE SPACE IN 2017 AND 2018. MASS EYE AND EAR HAD CONTINUED TO WORK WITH SOME OF THE GROUPS AND EXTENDED THE COMPLIMENTARY USE OF THE SPACE. CHARITABLE CARE: ADDITIONALLY FOR THIS CATEGORY, MASS. EYE AND EAR PROVIDES FREE OR DISCOUNTED CARE TO PATIENTS WHO ARE UNABLE TO COVER THE FULL COST OF THE SERVICES THEY UTILIZE. THIS FREE OR DISCOUNTED CARE MEETS MASS. EYE AND EAR'S FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE POLICY. WE MAKE EVERY EFFORT TO IDENTIFY APPROPRIATE INSURANCE COVERAGE FOR OUR PATIENTS AND TO HELP THEM ACCESS THE COVERAGE FOR WHICH THEY ARE ELIGIBLE. HOWEVER, EACH YEAR MASS. EYE AND EAR EXTENDS CARE TO PATIENTS THAT IS NOT FULLY REIMBURSED. IN 2018 OUR NET CHARITY CARE TOTALED $2,382,608, WHICH INCLUDES THE HEALTH SAFETY NET (HSN) ASSESSMENT AND SHORTFALL, HSN DENIED CLAIMS, AND FREE OR DISCOUNTED CARE PROVIDED TO PATIENTS THAT MEET MASS. EYE AND EAR'S FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE POLICY. THE NET CHARITY CARE PROVIDED EACH YEAR IS A REFLECTION OF MASS. EYE AND EAR'S AND THE COMMUNITY BENEFITS COMMITTEE'S COMMITMENT TO THE DELIVERY OF HIGH-QUALITY CARE TO OUR PATIENTS AND IS AN IMPORTANT STRATEGY FOR ENSURING ACCESS TO CARE IN OUR COMMUNITY BENEFITS PLAN. BELOW, DETAIL RELATED TO THE HOSPITAL'S NET CHARITY CARE, TOTAL REVENUE, TOTAL PATIENT CARE RELATED EXPENSES, AND BAD DEBT IS PROVIDED. CATEGORY 4: FINANCIAL SUPPORT (GRANTS, DONATIONS, FOUNDATION SUPPORT, AND SCHOLARSHIPS) MASS. EYE AND EAR DESIGNATES A PORTION OF ITS COMMUNITY BENEFITS RESOURCES TO PROVIDE FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO A SELECT NUMBER OF ORGANIZATIONS WHOSE MISSIONS ALIGN WITH THAT OF MASS. EYE AND EAR AND WHO SUPPORT THE HOSPITAL'S COMMUNITY BENEFITS GOALS AND ADDRESS ISSUES AFFECTING THE TARGET COMMUNITIES AND PRIORITY POPULATIONS OF THE HOSPITAL'S COMMUNITY BENEFIT PLAN. EACH OF THESE ORGANIZATIONS PROMOTES WELLNESS AMONG THEIR TARGET POPULATION AND SERVES PEOPLE FROM ACROSS THE COMMONWEALTH. SCHEDULE H, PART VI, LINE 6 Effective APRIL 1, 2018 the organization became part of the Partners Healthcare System, Inc. (Partners Healthcare). Partners HealthCare is a Massachusetts based not-for-profit health care system that is committed to patient care, research, teaching, and service to the community locally and globally. Collaboration among our institutions and health care professionals is central to our efforts to advance our mission. SCHEDULE H, PART VI, LINE 7 LIST OF STATES RECEIVING COMMUNITY BENEFIT REPORT: MA true BIONIC EYE TECHNOLOGIES INC 4 Willow Lake Drive Fishkill NY 12524 465766628 501(c)(3) 1106959 Basic Research BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL 300 Longwood Avenue Boston MA 02115 042774441 501(c)(3) 82588 Basic Research BRIGHAM & WOMEN'S HOSPITAL 75 Francis Street Boston MA 02115 042312909 501(c)(3) 309529 Basic Research CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 341018992 501(c)(3) 106924 Basic Research CHARLES STARK DRAPER LABORATORY 555 Technology Sq Cambridge MA 02139 042505372 501(c)(3) 36131 Basic Research DUKE UNIVERSITY 2200 W Main St Ste 820 Durham NC 27705 560532129 501(c)(3) 30130 Basic Research MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL 55 Fruit Street Boston MA 02114 042697983 501(c)(3) 800296 Basic Research PRESIDENT & FELLOWS OF HARVARD Massachusetts Hall Cambridge MA 02138 042103580 501(c)(3) 426941 Basic Research JOHNS HOPKINS U SCHOOL OF MED 733 N Broadway Baltimore MD 21205 521479934 501(c)(3) 74947 Basic Research NATIONWIDE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL 700 Childrens Dr Columbus OH 43205 316056230 501(c)(3) 25352 Basic Research NYU LAGONE MEDICAL CENTER One Park Avenue New York NY 10016 133971298 501(c)(3) 36222 Basic Research OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY 1060 Kenny Road Columbus OH 432101016 316025968 501(c)(3) 52572 Basic Research UNIVERSITY OF IOWA 2 Gilmore Hall Iowa City IA 522471320 426004813 501(c)(3) 27033 Basic Research UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 3535 Market St Philadelphia PA 19104 231352685 501(c)(3) 23548 Basic Research PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY 500 University Dr Hershey PA 17033 246000376 501(c)(3) 58232 Basic Research PORTLAND VA RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC 3710 US Vet Hosp Rd Portland OR 97239 943090170 501(c)(3) 97243 Basic Research RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL 593 Eddy Street Providence RI 02903 050258954 501(c)(3) 219902 Basic Research UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI 1400 NW 10th Avenue Miami FL 33136 590624458 501(c)(3) 7116 Basic Research WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE 100 Institute Road Worcester MA 01609 042121659 501(c)(3) 98339 Basic Research UNIVERSITY OF MAINE 5717 Corbett Hall Oreno ME 044695717 016000769 501(c)(3) 27820 Basic Research STANFORD UNIVERSITY 3160 Porter Dr Palo Alto CA 94304 941156365 501(c)(3) 13269 Basic Research UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN 21 N Park St Madison WI 53715 396006492 501(c)(3) 87696 Basic Research WILLS EYE HOSPITAL 840 Walnut St Philadelphia PA 19107 236000204 501(c)(3) 14603 Basic Research UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 5000 Wolverine Twr Ann Arbor MI MI 48109 386006309 501(c)(3) 39156 Basic Research VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY 1161 21st Ave S Nashville TN 37323 620476822 501(c)(3) 92846 Basic Research Schepens Eye Research Institute 20 Staniford Street Boston MA 02114 042129889 501(c)(3) 271961 Basic Research MASS EYE & EAR ASSOCIATES 243 CHARLES ST BOSTON MA 02114 222658209 501(C)(3) 15083409 27 SCHEDULE I, PART I, LINE 2: SUBRECIPIENT MONITORING POLICY AND PROCEDURES SUBAWARDS ARE ISSUED THROUGH A CONSORTIUM AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY ("THE INFIRMARY") AND THE RECIPIENT INSTITUTION. THE AGREEMENT SPECIFIES THE TERMS OF THE SUBAWARD AND INCLUDES A DETAILED BUDGET AND SCOPE OF WORK TO BE PERFORMED BY THE RECIPIENT INSTITUTION. AWARDED FUNDS ARE ENCUMBERED BY A PURCHASE ORDER THAT IS ASSIGNED TO A UNIQUE FUND NUMBER. PAYMENTS TO RECIPIENT INSTITUTIONS MADE AGAINST THE PURCHASE ORDER ARE RECORDED IN THE MEEI ACCOUNTING SYSTEM SO THAT INDIVIDUAL PAYMENTS AND PURCHASE ORDERS BALANCES CAN BE MONITORED. DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS FOR SUBAWARDS REQUIRES THE WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR ("PI"). FREQUENT PROGRESS REPORTS AND OTHER FORMS OF COMMUNICATION ARE REQUIRED BETWEEN THE PI AND THE SUBAWARD RECIPIENT INSTITUTE TO ENSURE THAT THE SCOPE OF WORK IS PROGRESSING AT A SATISFACTORY PACE. RESEARCH ADMINISTRATION ALSO CONDUCTS AN ANNUAL INVENTORY OF INSTITUTIONS TO WHICH RESERACH HAS BEEN SUBAWARDED. A RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX IS EMPLOYED, ALONG WITH A REVIEW OF THE SUB-RECIPIENTS' MOST RECENT A133 AUDIT REPORT, TO DETERMINE THE LEVEL OF RISK REGARDING THE SUB-RECIPIENTS' ABILITY TO COMPLY WITH FEDERAL GUIDELINES. X X X X false true false false false false false true false JOHN R FERNANDEZ PRESIDENT 742730 0 174465 0 226447 0 209674 0 19501 0 1372817 0 150000 0 JOAN W MILLER MD DIRECTOR 0 753644 0 128076 0 23106 0 136840 0 11317 0 1052983 0 0 MAUREEN KELLEY ASST SECRETARY (UNTIL 5/18) 177987 0 1500 0 16913 0 2020 0 19269 0 217689 0 0 0 CAROLANN WILLIAMS CFO & VP FINANCE AND ADMIN 426681 0 64503 0 810 0 4315 0 14683 0 510992 0 0 0 BARBARA J SCULLY DIRECTOR PROF REV CYCLE 184165 0 6500 0 381 0 3439 0 19269 0 213754 0 0 0 EILEEN O LOWELL CNO & VP PAT CARE SVS 276414 0 42387 0 2968 0 3768 0 11453 0 336990 0 0 0 KENNETH HOLMES CFO MEEA 235509 0 40056 0 25052 0 5368 0 19424 0 325409 0 0 0 JEFFREY J PIKE CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER 296587 0 50625 0 40530 0 3938 0 5840 0 397520 0 0 0 JENNIFER STREET VP COMMUNICATIONS & PLANNING 341418 0 51828 0 1242 0 4201 0 19470 0 418159 0 0 0 MELISSA M PAUL CHIEF DEVELOPMENT OFFICER 246972 0 41397 0 19000 0 5520 0 19269 0 332158 0 0 0 GLENN W BUNTING VOICE & SPEECH CLINICAL DIR 192560 0 1000 0 1172 0 3953 0 19269 0 217954 0 0 0 RALPH T PELOSI DIRECTOR FACILITIES PLANNING 186845 0 4750 0 1543 0 3749 0 0 0 196887 0 0 0 MARTHA PYLE FARRELL ASST SECRETARY 327122 0 52544 0 20322 0 6423 0 19472 0 425883 0 0 0 D BRADLEY WELLING DIRECTOR 0 914115 0 127345 0 21592 0 136840 0 21335 0 1221227 0 0 DEBRA ROGERS VP OPHTHALMOLOGY 241740 0 39795 0 19799 0 5315 0 11442 0 318091 0 0 0 RACHEL WASSERSTROM VP OTOLARYNGOLOGY 254648 0 31836 0 418 0 5231 0 19423 0 311556 0 0 0 MICHAEL RICCI CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICER 225221 0 12000 0 18355 0 4943 0 11289 0 271808 0 0 0 ROBIN SWITZER DIRECTOR OF HUMAN RESOURCES 183390 0 10000 0 374 0 3392 0 0 0 197156 0 0 0 LEO J HILL DEPUTY CIO 186294 0 10000 0 376 0 3089 0 0 0 199759 0 0 0 SUNIL EAPPEN MD CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICER 0 522201 0 81499 0 19259 0 36840 0 21335 0 681134 0 0 KEITH D LILLEMOE MD DIRECTOR (SINCE 7/18) 0 762929 0 137500 0 116263 0 36841 0 26099 0 1079632 0 0 THOMAS SEQUIST MD DIRECTOR (SINCE 7/18) 0 479500 0 99527 0 66725 0 24300 0 22100 0 692152 0 0 SCHEDULE J, PART I, LINE 4B: CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS PARTICIPATE IN A DEFERRED COMPENSATION ARRANGEMENT WITH MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR. UNDER THIS AGREEMENT, JOHN FERNANDEZ WILL BE CREDITED $200,000 FOR CALENDAR YEAR 2017. JOAN MILLER AND D. BRADLEY WELLING WILL EACH BE CREDITED $100,000 FOR CALENDAR YEAR 2017. EACH ANNUAL CREDIT WILL VEST ON THE FOURTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DATE SUCH CREDIT WAS MADE OR UPON (1) THE ATTAINMENT OF THE AGE OF 65 WHILE EMPLOYED; (2) TERMINATION WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION FOR GOOD REASON; (3) DEATH; (4) DISABILITY; OR (5) CHANGE OF CONTROL OF MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 409A OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE. MR. FERNANDEZ RECEIVED A PAYOUT OF $195,795 FROM THE DEFERRED COMPENSATION AGREEMENT IN 2017. SCHEDULE J, PART I, LINE 7: THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY, UPON RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE, APPROVE A BONUS PROGRAM FOR CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS LISTED ON THE SCHEDULE J. THE PROGRAM REQUIRES THAT SUPERVISORY PERSONNEL MAKE THE DETERMINATION OF (1) ELIGIBILITY AND (2) AMOUNT OF BONUS DOLLARS BASED ON OVERALL JOB PERFORMANCE. THE CEO OF THE INFIRMARY HAS THE AUTHORITY TO (1) OVERRULE RECOMMENDATIONS MADE BY SUPERVISORS AND (2) MAKE BONUS DETERMINATIONS FOR VICE PRESIDENT LEVEL PERSONNEL. THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD HAS THE FINAL AUTHORITY FOR BONUSES PAID TO THE CEO AS WELL AS THE VICE PRESIDENTS AND CHIEFS. THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE MEETING WAS HELD ON NOVEMBER 15, 2017. TOTAL COMPENSATION FOR LISTED INDIVIDUALS, INCLUDING BONUS PAYMENTS, WAS ANALYZED BY INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTANTS, DETERMINED TO BE REASONABLE COMPENSATION, AND APPROVED BY THE BOARD. NO COMPENSATION PAYMENT CAN BE MADE IN EXCESS OF THESE AMOUNTS. A MASSACHUSSETTS DEVELOPMENT FINANCE AGENCY 043431814 000000000 2015-12-30 70394000 REFNDNG(2010)&FACILITY IMPROVEMENT false false false A 1270463 0 70394000 0 0 0 441892 0 0 40579163 15079333 14293612 true false false true A false false false false 0 false true A false true true true CITIZENS BANK 10. false false false 0 false false A true JOAN MILLER MD DRCTR IS LICENSOR TO ORG 170004 PATENT LICENSE PROCEEDS false SCHEDULE L, PART V, BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING INTERESTED PERSONS (A) NAME OF PERSON: JOAN MILLER, MD (D) DESCRIPTION OF TRANSACTION: INVENTOR PROCEEDS FOR PATENT RIGHTS ARE MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH WRITTEN MEEI POLICY IN RESPECT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. FORM 990 PART I, LINE 1 & PART III, LINE 1 THE MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY ("THE INFIRMARY") IS A NOT-FOR-PROFIT TEACHING HOSPITAL CONDUCTING PATIENT CARE AND RESEARCH. THE INFIRMARY IS A TEACHING HOSPITAL OF HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL AND AN INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH. IT HAS THE MOST COMPETITIVE PROGRAM IN THE COUNTRY FOR EYE, EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT RESIDENCY TRAINING AND THE WORLD'S LARGEST OPHTHALMIC FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM. IT IS PART OF A SYSTEM OF RELATED ENTITIES THAT PROVIDE SPECIALIZED MEDICAL CARE COLLECTIVELY KNOWN AS "MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY" ("MEEI"). FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A: Massachusetts Eye and Ear is a specialty hospital dedicated to excellence in the care of disorders that affect the eye, ear, nose, throat and adjacent regions of the head and neck. World-renowned for care, research and teaching in these areas of expertise, Mass. Eye and Ear physicians and scientists are driven by a mission to find cures for blindness and deafness. In the 2018-2019 "Best Hospitals Survey," U.S. News & World Report again ranked Mass. Eye and Ear a top hospital in the nation: #4 for eye care and #6 for ear, nose and throat care. The commitment to provide compassionate and accessible patient care continued with the expansion to twenty clinical care locations in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. In 2018 Mass. Eye and Ear became a proud member of the Partners HealthCare system. This integration has and will continue to allow for a more seamless sharing of some of the centralized services Partners extends to its entities, including PeopleSoft (enterprise resource planning) and Epic (unified patient care system). CLINICAL HIGHLIGHTS DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY - FACULTY HIRES Paolo Bispo, PhD Yihe Chen, MD Deborah Jacobs, MD Lynette Johns, OD Patrick Lee, OD Courtney Ondeck, MD, MPhil Elizabeth Rossin, MD, PhD Bart Chwalisz, MD (part-time) David Sola-Del Valle, MD Allison Soneru, MD Aisha Traish, MD Tav van Zyl, MD Nazlee Zebardast, MD, MSc Department of Ophthalmology - Faculty Appointments Professor of Ophthalmology Eric Pierce, MD, PhD: William F. Chatlos Professor of Ophthalmology Associate Professor of Ophthalmology Dean Cestari, MD Jack Greiner, MS, OD, DO, PhD (Part-time) Tatjana Jakobs, MD George Papaliodis, MD Luk Vandenberghe, PhD Mary Aronow, MD Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology Petr Baranov, MD, PhD Jason Comander, MD, PhD Tobias Elze, PhD Kevin Houston, OD, MSc Charles Leahy, OD, MS (Part-time) John B. Miller, MD Ayellet Segr, MSc, PhD Brian Song, MD Yoshihiro Yonekawa, MD Instructor in Ophthalmology Paulo Bispo, PhD Yihe Chen, MD Department of Otolaryngology - Faculty Hires Full-time Medical Staff Dunia E. Abdul-Aziz, MD Craig A. Jones, MD Matthew R. Naunheim, MD Michael D. Otremba, MD Research Faculty Daniel L. Faden, MD Srinivas Vinod Saladi, PhD Community-based Medical Staff Pamela S. Jones, MD Vishnu Kannabiran, MD Geoffrey E. Leber, MD, FACS George A. Scangas, MD Department of Otolaryngology - Faculty Appointments Professor Mark A. Varvares, MD Associate Professor Stacey T. Gray, MD Kristina Simonyan, MD, PhD, Dr med Assistant Professor Alicia M. Quesnel, MD Anne E. Takesian, PhD Department of Otolaryngology - Other Promotions/New Leadership Jean Bruch, DMD, MD, was named director of the Norman Knight Hyperbaric Medicine Center Nate Jowett, MD, FRCSC, was named director of the Surgical Photonics and Engineering Laboratory Faisal Karmali, PhD, and Richard F. Lewis, MD, were named co-directors of the Jenks Vestibular Physiology Laboratory Konstantina M. Stankovic, MD, PhD, FACS, was promoted to director of the Division of Otology and Neurotology Department of Anesthesiology - Faculty Hires Melina Hutchison, CRNA Timothy Riley, CRNA Department of Anesthesiology - Faculty Promotions Alvaro Andres Macias, MD: Associate Clinical Director; Assistant Professor, Active Staff Mass Eye and Ear Iuliu Fat, MD: Associate Medical Director for Preoperative Evaluation and Testing; Associate Anesthesiologist, Active Staff, Mass Eye and Ear Gustavo Lozada, MD, MMED: Co-Director of Ambulatory Anesthesia Nancy Gessner, MD: Anesthesiologist, Active Staff, Mass Eye and Ear Maria Bortkiewicz, MD: Anesthesiologist, Active Staff, Mass Eye and Ear Susanna Panitsas, MD: Associate Anesthesiologist, Active Staff, Mass Eye and Ear Benjamin Mizell, MD: Associate Anesthesiologist, Active Staff, Mass Eye and Ear Kathrin Bourdeu, MD: Associate Anesthesiologist, Active Staff, Mass Eye and Ear Artem Grush, MD: Anesthesiologist, Active Staff, Mass Eye and Ear Nita Sahani, MBBS: Associate Anesthesiologist, Active Staff, Mass Eye and Ear Yana Levin, MD: Associate Anesthesiologist, Active Staff, Mass Eye and Ear Department of Radiology For FY18, the Department of Radiology had a total of 160 resident and fellow rotations joining Dr. Curtin and faculty for daily read out sessions and head and neck imaging training (44 from MGH, 49 from BWH, and 67 from BIDMC). RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Department of Ophthalmology AMD Center of Excellence Researchers Identify Potential Blood Markers for Age-Related Macular Degeneration Research conducted by a team of Mass. Eye and Ear investigators showed that metabolomics can be used to identify potential blood biomarkers for AMD, including its severity stages. Metabolomics is the study of circulating metabolites in our body that reflect our genes and the effect of the environment and, therefore, are thought to closely represent the true functional state of complex diseases, including AMD. In collaboration with the University of Coimbra and colleagues at the Channing Division of Network Medicine of Brigham and Women's Hospital, the researchers-including Deeba Husain, MD, and Joan W. Miller, MD-studied blood samples from 90 patients with AMD and identified 87 metabolites that were significantly different when compared to those without AMD. They also note varying characteristics among the blood profiles at each stage of the disease. The most significant metabolites are involved in lipid metabolism, particularly via the glycerophospholipid pathway. This work supports research suggesting that lipids may be involved in the pathogenesis of AMD, although the exact role of lipids in the disease process remains unclear. The results from this study indicate that metabolomics profiling may provide novel insights into the relationship between lipids and AMD. These findings may lead to earlier diagnosis and better prognostic information for patients, and, potentially, new targets for AMD treatment. Cornea Center of Excellence New Strategy May Help Promote Corneal Allograft Survival Mass. Eye and Ear researchers led by senior author Reza Dana, MD, MPH, MSc, have developed a potential new strategy for improving outcomes in corneal transplant surgeries by injecting vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) into the eye. The team reports for the first time that injection of the neuropeptide VIP directly into the eyes of mice enhanced corneal graft survival. The study shows that VIP produced other benefits, including acceleration of endothelial wound closure, protection of corneal endothelial cells (CEnCs), and improved corneal graft clarity. If proven successful in clinical studies, this novel approach may help alleviate vision loss in many patients with corneal disease. Diabetic Eye Disease Center of Excellence Imaging May Offer New Insights into Disease Progression of Diabetic Choroidopathy According to a study led by John B. Miller, MD new imaging modalities, such as swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT), may help researchers understand how the choroidal vasculature contributes to diabetic eye disease. The cross-sectional study used SS-OCT, a novel OCT device that enables imaging the choroid with better resolution, and studied patients with different stages of diabetic retinopathy. Choroidal vascular density (CVD) and choroidal vascular volume (CVV) were introduced as new quantitative parameters to assess the choroidal vasculature. Study results demonstrated that diabetic eyes with diabetic macular edema or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) demonstrated a reduced CVD, as compared to controls. Additionally, eyes with PDR also demonstrated reduced CVV. These results suggest that vascular abnormalities accumulate with the severity of diabetic retinopathy. This study also emphasizes that a diabetic choroidopathy (i.e. changes in the choroidal vasculature) probably occurs simultaneously with changes in the retinal vasculature, even though it is still not clear if this is a primary or secondary event. Elucidating the relationship between diabetic choroidopathy and retinopathy is essential for a more complete understanding of diabetic eye disease, and to improve its prognosis and treatment. Glaucoma Center of Excellence Infectious Disease Institute Researchers Discover New Class of Antibiotics to Fight Leading Superbugs In a significant advance against drug-resistant superbugs, investigators supported by the Harvard-wide Program on Antibiotic Resistance identified a new class of synthetic antibiotics that have been shown to be effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus. These two pathogens are among the most virulent, multi-drug resistant pathogens and are responsible for thousands of deaths each year. The pioneering work by this multidisciplinary group of researchers-including Michael Gilmore, PhD, founder and director of the Harvard-wide consortium that includes collaborators from Mass. Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Mass General Hospital, and Brown University-could one day help treat deadly infections caused by these superbugs. Systemic Therapy Outperforms Intraocular Implant for Treating Uveitis For patients with uveitis, systemic therapy consisting of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants preserved vision better, and had fewer adverse outcomes, than a long-lasting corticosteroid intraocular implant, according to a clinical trial funded by the National Eye Institute (NEI). According to Writing Committee Chair and Mass. Eye and Ear researcher, John Kempen, MD, PhD, the results are meaningful not only to ophthalmology but to the broader field of medicine given that inflammatory diseases affect many different organs; these results indicated that systemic therapy as administered in the study had a favorable safety profile. Concerns about potential adverse effects of systemic corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy drove the development of an intraocular implant to treat uveitis locally. As a result, the Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) trial was undertaken to evaluate whether the implant treatment was an improvement over systemic therapy for management of uveitis. These findings offer guidance to clinicians and patients in making informed decisions about uveitis treatment. Specifically, there is good evidence that systemic therapy would be the first choice of treatment for the average patients with intermediate, posterior, or panuveitis. The implant is effective in treating patients where systemic therapy fails to control inflammation or when patients cannot tolerate the oral medications. The duration of control of inflammation following implant treatment was approximately five years, much longer than expected. Mobility Enhancement and Vision Rehabilitation Center of Excellence Ocular Genomics Institute Genetic Variants May Predict Glaucoma Risk Researchers from Mass. Eye and Ear - including co-senior author Janey Wiggs, MD, PhD together with colleagues at King's College London, and University College London- have identified 133 genetic variants that may predict a person's risk of developing glaucoma. The research team studied 140,000 people drawn from two large patient research databases, UK Biobank and EPIC-Norfolk. They compared the DNA analysis and eye pressure readings of each patient to assess their likelihood of developing glaucoma. The team identified 133 genetic variants in the DNA of people who had high eye pressure readings, and thus had the highest risk of developing glaucoma. Using data from the NEIGHBORHOOD Consortium, they found that these genetic variations were able to predict whether someone might develop glaucoma with 75 percent accuracy. Their findings could lead to a genetic-based screening program that could provide faster and more accurate diagnoses. Other Research Microglia protect sensory cells needed for vision after retinal detachment A research team led by senior author Kip Connor, PhD, has shown that microglia, the primary immune cells of the brain and retina, play a protective role in response to retinal detachment. Retinal detachment and subsequent degeneration of the retina can lead to progressive visual decline due to photoreceptor cell death, the major light-sensing cell in the eye. The researchers describe, for the first time, the beneficial role of microglial cells in the eye after retinal detachment - migrating to the site of injury to protect photoreceptors and to regulate local inflammation. Department of Otolaryngology Basic Science Researchers use optogenetics to transform cells in the ear to respond to light A Mass. Eye and Ear research team has shown that cells in the inner ear can become photoactive through the use of optogenetics, opening the door for a new generation of hearing devices that can be stimulated more precisely using laser light. In a report published in Molecular Therapy, the researchers describe successfully delivering light-sensitive microbial proteins (known as "opsins") to the cochlea. By changing the properties of these cells to react to laser light, the researchers hope that the technology accelerates the development of a new kind of cochlear implant that's performance is closer to natural hearing. While today's cochlear implants have restored hearing to more than 320,000 people, hearing through a cochlear implant is different from normal hearing. This is because current technology relies on a series of electrodes implanted in the fluid-filled inner ear that receive information from an external sound processor and microphone and sends that information to the cochlear nerve, and to the brain. The electrical current generated by the electrodes can be difficult to focus, especially in a conducting medium of fluid. Unlike electricity, using optogenetics to stimulate cells in the inner ear with laser light may offer a more focused beam that restricts the path of light to the hundreds of cells that are photoactive. Invasive cells in head and neck tumors predict cancer spread Head and neck tumors that contain cells undergoing a partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition - which transforms them from neatly organized blocks into irregular structures that extrude into the surrounding environment - are more likely to invade and spread to other parts of the body, according to a study led by researchers from Mass. Eye and Ear, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard. In a report published in Cell, the researchers created the first atlas of head and neck cancer, revealing the many different kinds of cells, cancerous and non-cancerous, in primary head and neck tumors and their metastases. The findings provide important clues as to how head and neck cancers metastasize, and may have implications for other common cancers as well. Using a process known as single-cell RNA-sequencing, the researchers analyzed more than 6,000 individual cells from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas - the most common head and neck tumor. Through their analysis, the research team was able to characterize a unique structural transition involving cancer cells and normal cells in their environment that allows tumors to spread. Synaptopathy in the aging cochlea A fairly universal communication problem for middle aged and older listeners is an increasing difficulty understanding speech in noisy conditions. The discovery by Mass. Eye and Ear investigators in 2009 of dramatic age- and noise exposure-related cochlear synaptopathy, i.e., the loss of synaptic connections between the inner hair cell and the auditory nerve fibers that carry their information toward the brain, has suggested a possible contributor to these performance declines. In a recent study funded by the Department of Defense and published in the Journal of Neuroscience, researcher Sharon G. Kujawa, PhD, used a combination of electrophysiologic, pharmacologic, and histologic techniques to show evidence for temporal coding abnormalities that are present at the earliest stages of the auditory neural pathway. These deficits in representation of fast timing cues that are essential for speech-in-noise processing are highly correlated with the age-progressive loss of cochlear synapses and are largest at higher sound levels relevant to real world communication. Although the standard clinical audiogram is silent to this synaptic loss, the additional, noninvasive tests used in these studies could be adapted for future diagnostic approaches to assess "hidden" hearing loss in a clinical setting. Sensory overamplification in layer 5 auditory corticofugal projection neurons following cochlear nerve synaptic damage Layer 5 (L5) cortical projection neurons innervate far-ranging brain areas to coordinate integrative sensory processing and adaptive behaviors. In a study led by Daniel B. Polley, PhD, a plasticity in L5 auditory cortex (ACtx) neurons that innervate the inferior colliculus (IC), thalamus, lateral amygdala, and striatum were categorized. The research team tracked daily changes in sound processing using chronic wide-field calcium imaging of L5 axon terminals on the dorsal cap of the IC in awake, adult mice. Sound level growth functions at the level of the auditory nerve and corticocollicular axon terminals are both strongly depressed hours after noise-induced damage of cochlear afferent synapses. Corticocollicular response gain rebounded above baseline levels by the following day and remained elevated for several weeks despite a persistent reduction in auditory nerve input. Sustained potentiation of excitatory ACtx projection neurons that innervate multiple limbic and subcortical auditory centers may underlie hyperexcitability and aberrant functional coupling of distributed brain networks in tinnitus and hyperacusis. An engineering model to test for sensory reweighting Quantitative animal models are critically needed to provide proof of concept for the investigation of rehabilitative balance therapies (e.g., invasive vestibular prostheses) and treatment response prior to, or in conjunction with, human clinical trials. In a study led by Richard F. Lewis, MD, a novel approach to modeling the nonhuman primate postural control system is described. Previously, system identification methodologies and models were only used to describe human posture. However, using pseudorandom, roll-tilt balance platform stimuli to perturb the posture of a rhesus monkey in normal and mild vestibular (equilibrium) loss states, the researchers found that the relationship between trunk sway and platform roll-tilt was determined via stimulus-response curves and transfer function results. When a feedback controller model was used to explore sensory reweighting (i.e., changes in sensory reliance), it prevented the subject from falling off the tilting platform. This first-phase effort to model the balance control system in nonhuman primates is essential for future investigations toward the effects of invasive rehabilitative (balance) technologies on postural control. The neuroregenerative capacity of olfactory stem cells is not limitless: Implications for aging It's estimated that more than 60 percent of people between the ages of 65 and 80 have olfactory (smell) impairment. Not only is this a hazard in the inability to detect smoke from a fire, natural gas leaks in the home, or spoiled food, but it also significantly impacts quality of life and appreciation of food flavor. It's known that loss of olfactory neurons occurs with age, but our understanding of what causes this has been limited. In collaboration with Tufts University School of Medicine, Eric H. Holbrook, MD, developed a mouse model that displays a nasal olfactory membrane, which mimics what is found in human tissue. In this model, mice undergo rapid loss of the olfactory neurons, which causes the underlying immediate precursor stem cells to increase cell division and regenerate dying neurons at a high rate. Through this, the research team found that these cells have a limited capacity under such conditions and eventually disappear, leaving a membrane without neurons. However, a population of reserve basal stem cells remains, but are stuck in an inactive state. Experimental activation of these basal stem cells in mice has been shown to result in regeneration of new neurons and forms the basis of potential therapeutic treatments in human smell loss. CRISPR therapy preserves hearing in progressive deafness model In collaboration with the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Harvard University, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Zheng-Yi Chen, PhD, developed a CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing therapy to prevent hearing loss in a mouse model of human genetic progressive deafness. The therapy delivers a CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing protein complex directly into the sound-sensing hair cells via lipid rafts to disrupt an autosomal dominant mutation that would otherwise cause the cells to die. The researchers tested the method in a mouse model of progressive hearing loss with a mutated Tmc1 gene. The team injected the gene-editing mix into the cochlea of newborn mice genetically destined for profound hearing loss. The treated mice maintained a substantial amount of their hearing compared to the untreated mice. At four weeks, the untreated mice had a measurable response in their brainstem to sound starting at roughly 80 decibels, the volume of a garbage disposal or a loud radio. But the treated mice responded to sound starting around 65 decibels-approximately the same volume as a typical spoken conversation. Physiological measurements showed that the hair cells survived at a higher rate in the treated cochlea. At eight weeks, treated mice also retained their instinctive physical "startle" response to sudden loud sound, while the untreated mice did not respond. The work represents a significant step toward genome-editing to halt progression of genetic hearing loss. Delivering the Cas9 protein itself locally, instead of DNA elements that the cell can use to build Cas9, improved the DNA specificity and potential safety of the treatment. Cochlear amplification and tuning depend on the cellular arrangement within the organ of Corti The field of cochlear mechanics has been undergoing a revolution due to recent findings made possible by advancements in measurement techniques. While it has long been assumed that basilar-membrane (BM) motion is the most important determinant of sound transduction by the inner hair cells (IHCs), a recent study led by Sunil Puria, PhD, showed that other parts of the sensory epithelium close to the IHCs, such as the reticular lamina (RL), move with significantly greater amplitude for weaker sounds. With a computational-model of the mouse cochlea, the researchers showed that individual outer hair cells (OHCs) can work together to produce high hearing sensitivity and frequent selectivity because of the overlapping asymmetrical Y-shaped structures that they form with the Deiters' cells (DCs) and phalangeal processes (PhPs). Altering the geometry and material properties of these structures reveals that all three components have a profound effect on BM and reticular-lamina amplification and tuning. These results imply that the DCs and PhPs must be properly accounted for in emerging OHC regeneration therapies. Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for treatment of androgenic alopecia Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a minimally invasive, office-based procedure that uses autologous growth factors from a standard venipuncture to stimulate hair growth in patients with androgenic alopecia (AGA). Although PRP is commonly used to treat orthopedic issues and burn injuries, it is still a relatively novel technique for treatment of androgenic alopecia. A team of researchers, including Linda N. Lee, MD, Jenny X. Chen, MD, and Natalie Justicz, MD, performed a systematic review of the literature to examine the use and efficacy of PRP for AGA. The results of the study demonstrated PRP is a low-risk intervention that is associated with high patient satisfaction and objective improvements in multiple outcome measurements. The study revealed a range of techniques and protocols, highlighting the need for further research to standardize delivery methods and clinical outcome measurements. Mass. Eye and Ear is currently one of the only academic centers in the Northeast to perform and study this technique, both as a stand-alone procedure for androgenic alopecia and as an adjunct to hair transplantation surgeries. Currently, additional prospective studies for PRP are ongoing. Mifepristone may halt growth of intracranial tumor that causes hearing loss A team of researchers including Konstantina Stankovic, MD, PhD, FACS, has identified mifepristone, an FDA-approved drug for chemical abortion, as a promising candidate for the treatment of vestibular schwannoma, a sometimes-lethal tumor associated with neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) or occurring sporadically. Currently, there are no FDA-approved drugs for vestibular schwannomas or the associated hearing loss. Therefore, patients with symptomatic or growing vestibular schwannomas often undergo surgical resection (through craniotomy) or radiation therapy, but both come with significant risks. In this study, the researchers performed the largest meta-analysis of the vestibular schwannoma transcriptome by studying 80 tumors from patients with sporadic and NF2-associated vestibular schwannomas. Then, through a survey of more than 1,100 drug candidates (all FDA-approved), they identified a short list of drugs likely to convert the abnormal transcriptional signature of a tumor to a more normal one. They tested eight of the most promising candidate drugs against cells grown from other human vestibular schwannomas and found mifepristone to be the most effective. Treatment of vestibular schwannoma cells with mifepristone reduced their proliferation rate by 80 percent. This represents the first application of algorithm-based repositioning of FDA-approved drugs for this tumor class. The study authors are cautiously optimistic about the therapeutic potential of mifepristone for patients with vestibular schwannoma and hope to begin a phase II clinical trial soon to determine efficacy of the drug for this indication. Clinical Practice Opioid prescription patterns after rhinoplasty surgery Facial plastic surgeons, including David A. Shaye, MD, MPH, Linda N. Lee, MD, and Rosh Sethi, MD, MPH, performed a study of 173 rhinoplasty patients over a one-year period to examine opioid prescription patterns using the Massachusetts opioid registry. The study showed a near-negligible rate of refills were required after surgery and 11.3 percent of patients never filled their opioid prescription at all. Recently published in JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery, the results suggest patients experience less pain than expected and that the optimal number of opioid tablets to manage postoperative rhinoplasty pain may be lower than expected. A reduction in narcotic prescriptions after rhinoplasty may limit the opportunity for opioid abuse, an epidemic in the United States, where less than five percent of the world's population consumes two-thirds of the world's opioid supply. As a result of their findings, the authors have reduced the number of opioid tablets they prescribe to patients by at least 50 percent. NEWS HIGHLIGHTS Department of Ophthalmology In March Mass. Eye and Ear made medical history by performing the first FDA-approved LuxturnaT gene therapy procedure on a patient with inherited blindness. This is the first time any FDA-approved gene therapy has been given to a patient for any inherited disease. The treatment was developed by Spark Therapeutics and approved in December, 2017 by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for patients aged 12 months and older. Luxturna has been shown to improve visual function in children and adults with inherited retinal disease caused by mutations in the gene RPE65 for LCA inherited blindness. The landmark procedure was performed by Jason Comander MD, PhD, Associate Director of the Inherited Retinal Disorders Service at Mass. Eye and Ear in Boston. Several groups initiated clinical development, but special mention should be made of the team led by Dr. Jean Bennett at University of Pennsylvania. Mass. Eye and Ear has led the ophthalmology community in the development of outcome measures for ophthalmology, consistently publishing these measures since 2010 in a Quality and Outcomes Report. The department was also among the first to contribute electronic health record data to the American Academy of Ophthalmology's IRIS Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight). As one of five academic groups awarded unique access to the American Academy of Ophthalmology's IRIS Registry, Mass. Eye and Ear is now at the forefront of working with big data for quality improvement and monitoring. Launched in 2014, the IRIS Registry is the nation's first comprehensive eye disease and condition registry and the world's largest specialty clinical data registry. As of April 1, the registry includes nearly 18,000 physicians, 48 million unique patients from all payers contributing 199.6 million patient visits. The Mass. Eye and Ear IRIS Registry Analytics Team -led by co-principal investigators Alice C. Lorch, MD and Joan W. Miller, MD- will involve investigation and partnership with many faculty at Mass. Eye and Ear over the coming years. Other academic groups awarded access include Stanford University, University of Michigan/UCLA/Duke/UNC, University of Washington, and Wills Eye Hospital. FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4B EDUCATION As a Harvard Medical School teaching hospital, Mass. Eye and Ear trains future medical leaders in the fields of ophthalmology and otolaryngology through residency programs, as well as clinical and research fellowships. Department of Otolaryngology 27 Residents 10 Clinical Fellows 81 Research Fellows 3 Research Residents Department of Ophthalmology 24 Residents 26 Clinical Fellows 108 Research Fellows 1 Optometric Resident In other ENT education news, we continue to enjoy our state-of-the-art Otolaryngology Surgical Training Laboratory and have held several major courses there this year. Our department organized its first "Women in Otolaryngology" symposium to discuss the opportunities and challenges of being a woman in a historically male-dominated field. Our panelists included Stacey T. Gray, MD, Margaret A. Kenna, MD, MPH, Konstantina M. Stankovic, MD, PhD, and Sylvette R. Wiener-Vacher, MD, PhD. We held our first annual Mastoid Bowl this summer. Hosted by Daniel J. Lee, MD, FACS, this competition evaluated otolaryngology residents as they performed mastoidectomies on cadavers in the Joseph B. Nadol, Jr., MD, Surgical Training Laboratory. The winner was Chief Resident Katie Phillips, MD. Our year-end graduation lectureship has been officially named the "Joseph B. Nadol, Jr. Lectureship." Dr. Nadol has contributed, and continues to contribute, to the stature and standing of this department in so many ways. Department of Ophthalmology The Mass. Eye and Ear Department of Ophthalmology established the Distinguished Scholar in Ophthalmology. Several Mass. Eye and Ear faculty presented named lectures at the 2018 American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) Annual Meeting in October. Joan W. Miller, MD presented the Schepens Award Lecture on AAO Retina Subspecialty Day. Her talk - Developing Therapies for AMD: The Art and Science of Problem-solving - revisited the pathway to successful treatment of age-related macular degeneration, and shared ideas on how to continue innovating in ophthalmology. Dr. Miller's lecture was covered by AAO's ONE Network and Ophthalmology Times, and shared on social media by Retina Today and Retinal Physician, among others. Joseph F. Rizzo III, MD presented the William F. Hoyt Lecture, "Unraveling the enigma of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy." His talk shed light on the most common causes of acute optic nerve injury in people age 50. James Chodosh, MD, MPH presented the Jones/Smolin Lecture, "The persistent enigma of adenovirus keratitis: viral pathogenesis in the cornea," which highlighted clinical signs that differentiate viral keratitis from other etiologies. The 3rd Biennial International Symposium on Ocular Regeneration, held on October 11, brought together leaders in the fields of ophthalmology, bioengineering, and regenerative medicine who aim to accelerate cures for blinding diseases. The David H. Koch Institute Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, presented a talk entitled "Biomaterials and biotechnology: from the discovery of the first angiogenesis inhibitors to the development of controlled drug delivery systems and the foundation of tissue engineering." Organized by Harvard Ophthalmology Ocular Regenerative Medicine Institute Co-Directors Michael Young, PhD and Demetrios Vavvas, MD, PhD, the event was sponsored by RxGen, Alcon, Biogen, Catalyst Biosciences, Gorin Foundation, ReNeuron, and the National Institutes of Health. Held on October 12-13, the 5th Biennial International Symposium on AMD drew more than 200 clinicians, researchers, trainees, and industry representatives who discussed the latest advances in AMD research and the challenges that lay ahead. Franois Delori, PhD, a Harvard Medical School Professor of Ophthalmology and Senior Scientist at Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass. Eye and Ear, presented the 2018 Ephraim Friedman Lecture, entitled "Fundus autofluorescence." Organized by Harvard Ophthalmology AMD Center of Excellence Co-Directors Patricia D'Amore, PhD, MBA, Ivana Kim, MD, and Deeba Husain, MD, the event was sponsored by the Broadhurst Foundation, Regeneron, Genentech, Biogen, Macular Degeneration Foundation, Heidelberg Engineering, American Macular Degeneration Foundation, Merck, and the National Institutes of Health. Innovation and Interaction Sessions is a new educational initiative that brings residents together for one 3-hour block each month to participate in innovative and interactive learning utilizing the Surgical Training Laboratory. The first session on August 3, 2018 was led by Silas Wang, MD and Elizabeth Rossin, MD, PhD. Highlights included practicing setting up and priming the phaco machine, loading 1-piece and 3-piece IOLs, positioning and manipulation of the microscope, paracentesis and main wound construction followed by suturing of wounds, teaching sutures, and learning to load and implant capsular tension rings and 3-piece IOLs. The second session on September 7, 2018 was led by David Hunter, MD, PhD, David Sol-del Valle, MD, Tav van Zyl, MD, and Dr. Rossin. Junior residents participated in a Refraction boot camp where they learned about retinoscopy and refraction. Senior residents participated in a minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) workshop where they learned to place an iStent, and having completed this training are now able to participate in MIGS procedures with Dr. Sol-del Valle in the operating room. Resident feedback on these sessions has been very positive. A continuity clinic was created to supplement the continuity in patient care that residents experience in caring for patients within the clinical rotations. In this enhanced continuity experience, residents see patients that they evaluated in the Mass. Eye and Ear Emergency Department (MEE ED) in follow-up appointments. Residents also have the opportunity to participate in surgeries of patients that they initially cared for in the MEE ED. Residents attend continuity clinic approximately 2 half days per month. This clinic is directly supervised by the Mass Eye and Ear Chief Resident, who is a member of the Mass Eye and Ear faculty. Feedback from residents and faculty has been positive. An ophthalmology residency program wellness committee was formed consisting of residents and faculty members. The committee works with the residency program, the department, and the GME efforts to support and encourage activities that promote resident wellness. Examples of early initiatives include revamping the resident room, a space in which the residents have workspaces, lockers, computers, and often spend down-time, as well as organizing a series of resident-faculty social activities outside of work. Mass Eye and Ear has also appointed a resident representative to the Partners Healthcare Resident Wellness Committee. We aim to continue growth of these important initiatives. Awards and Honors Department of Ophthalmology Petr Baranov, PhD: Audacious Goals Initiative for Regenerative Medicine grant, National Eye Institute (in collaboration with Vanderbilt University Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham) Dean Cestari, MD: A. Clifford Barger Excellence in Mentoring Award, Harvard Medical School; Dean's Community Service Award, Harvard Medical School; Surgical Teacher of the Year, Harvard Department of Ophthalmology Han-Ying (Peggy) Chang, MD: Norman Knight Leadership Award, Mass. Eye and Ear Jing Chen, PhD: Special Scholar Award, Research to Prevent Blindness Teresa C. Chen, MD: Senior Achievement Award, American Academy of Ophthalmology James Chodosh, MD, MPH: Jones/Smolin Lecture, American Academy of Ophthalmology Joseph B. Ciolino, MD: Sloan Healthcare Innovation Prize, MIT Patricia A. D'Amore, PhD, MBA: American Academy of the Arts and Sciences Elected Fellow; Barbara J. McNeil Faculty Award for Exceptional Service to HMS/HSDM Reza Dana, MD, MSc, MPH: Friedenwald Award, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology; Stein Innovation Award, Research to Prevent Blindness Mary-Magdalene (Ugo) Dodd, MD: 2018 Fellow Research Award, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Thaddeus Dryja, MD: Helen Keller Prize for Vision Research, BrightFocus and Helen Keller Foundation; Appointed Associate Member of Broad Institute Rosario Fernandez-Godino, PhD, MSc: BrightFocus Foundation Award (for macular degeneration research) Rachel M. Huckfeldt, MD, PhD: Career Development Award, Foundation Fighting Blindness Frederick Jakobiec, MD, DSc: Simmons Lessell Excellence in Education Award, Harvard Ophthalmology; Merrill Reeh Prize, American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery John H. Kempen, MD, MPH, MHS, PhD: Dean's Community Service Award, Harvard Medical School Carolyn Kloek, MD: WIO Educators Award, Women in Ophthalmology Wendy Liu, MD: Gragoudas-Folkman Award, Mass. Eye and Ear Gang Luo, MD: Innovations Technology Low Vision Research Award, Research to Prevent Blindness Zhonghui (Katie) Luo, MD, PhD: Dean's Community Service Award, Harvard Medical School Lotfi Merabet, OD, PhD, MPH: A. Clifford Barger Excellence in Mentoring Award, Harvard Medical School Joan W. Miller, MD: Lucien Howe Medal, American Ophthalmological Society*; Gertrude D. Pyron Award and Lecture, American Society of Retina Specialists and Retina Research Foundation*; Charles L. Schepens, MD Award and Lecture, American Academy of Ophthalmology, Retina Research Foundation and Schepens International Society*; Mentor with Distinction, Harvard Medical School (*Dr. Miller is the only individual ever to win all three awards) John B. Miller, MD: Macula Society membership Kareem Moussa, MD: The Robert Brockhurst Academic Development Award, Mass. Eye and Ear Shizuo Mukai, MD: William and Carolyn Aliski Distinguished Scholar in Ophthalmology, Mass. Eye and Ear (inaugural) Eric Yin-Shan Ng, PhD: Young Mentor Award, Harvard Medical School Patrick Oellers, MD: The Thomas J. Madden Fellowship in Retina, Mass. Eye and Ear Billy Xiaoyi Pan, MD: 2017-18 Ruthanne and Richard J. Simmons Glaucoma Fellow, Mass. Eye and Ear Eli Peli, MSc, OD: Harold Amos Faculty Diversity Award, Harvard Medical School Roberto Pineda II, MD: Jos I. Barraquer Lecture and Award, Brazilian International Society of Refractive Surgery Joseph F. Rizzo III, MD: William F. Hoyt Lecture, American Academy of Ophthalmology Miin (Irene) Roh, MD, PhD: Evangelos S. Gragoudas Award, Macula Society Hajirah N. Saeed, MD: Dohlman Fellowship Award, Claes Dohlman Society Magali Saint-Geniez, PhD: Iraty Award for Research in Retinal Diseases, Mass. Eye and Ear Jane Schweitzer, MD: Clinical Teacher of the Year, Harvard Department of Ophthalmology Paolo Antonio S. Silva, MD: AAO Achievement Award, American Academy of Ophthalmology; Macula Society membership Luk Vandenberghe, PhD: Outstanding New Investigator Award, American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy; Appointed Associate Member of Broad Institute Janey Wiggs, MD, PhD: Elected to the National Academy of Medicine; Dr. David L. Epstein Award, ARVO Foundation (with mentee Ryan Collantes, MD) Yoshihiro Yonekawa: Achievement Award, American Academy of Ophthalmology Department of Otolaryngology Dunia Abdul-Aziz, MD, was the recipient of the 2017 Yellen Young Investigator Award. This award is made possible by the generosity of Mass. Eye and Ear Trustees, Patricia and Barry Yellen. Daniel G. Deschler, MD, FACS, and Marlene L. Durand, MD, published a new textbook, Infections of the Ears, Nose, Throat, and Sinuses. Dr. Deschler was also appointed chair of the Patient Care Division of the American Head and Neck Society. Kevin S. Emerick, MD, is the recipient of the 2018 Chris O'Brien Traveling Fellowship, which is presented by The Research and Education Foundation of the American Head and Neck Society. Allen Feng, MD, and Sid Puram, MD, PhD, were the co-recipients of the 2018 Triological Society (Eastern Section)'s William W. Montgomery, MD Resident Research Award for their abstract, "Intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroid surgery: Trends among otolaryngologists and general surgeons." Tessa A. Hadlock, MD, was re-elected as president of the International Sir Charles Bell Society. Eric H. Holbrook, MD, joined the American Rhinologic Society Board of Directors. Judith S. Kempfle, MD, won the poster blitz contest at the 2018 Association for Research in Otolaryngology annual meeting. Elliott D. Kozin, MD, was named a 2018 Star Reviewer for the journal Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Robin W. Lindsay, MD, was named co-chair of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Meeting at the Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meetings and chair of the WIO Research and Survey Committee for the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Gregory W. Randolph, MD, FACS, FACE, has been elected chair of the Endocrine Surgery Section of the American Head and Neck Society. Steven D. Rauch, MD, received an honorary professorship at the Annual Vestibular Conference of the Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences in Guangzhou, China. He was also appointed as a member of the Mnire's Disease Advisory Board of the Hearing Health Foundation. Ahmad R. Sedaghat, MD, PhD, was the recipient of the 2018 Eleanor and Miles Shore Fellowship Program Award for Scholars in Medicine. Mark G. Shrime, MD, MPH, PhD, FACS, was awarded the 2018 Arnold P. Gold Foundation Award for Humanism in Medicine by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Kristina Simonyan, MD, PhD, Dr med, was invited to serve on the Scientific Advisory Board of the Tourette Association of America. Department of Anesthesiology Iuliu Fat, MD: MEE/HMS Department of Anesthesia: Excellence in Teaching Award Department of Radiology MEE Radiology Department: 52nd ASHNR Annual Meeting, First Place for Best Scientific Electronic Exhibit Dr. Amy Juliano: RSNA International Visiting Professor Dr. Katherine Reinshagen: Promoted to Associate Staff Radiologist Form 990, Part III, Line 4c Facilities, Equipment and Technology Department of Ophthalmology Mass. Eye and Ear launched a unique emergency department (ED) and inpatient consultation service, known as the Ophthalmology Hospitalist Program. Senior credentialed ophthalmologists now provide consults for patients admitted to general hospitals, including Mass General, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Faulkner Hospital. The program fortifies connections among Harvard Ophthalmology hospital affiliates, and enhances trainee education and the existing consult service at Mass. Eye and Ear. Members of the hospitalist program include Jane Schweitzer, MD, Jo-Ann Haney-Tilton, MD, FACS, EMHL, and Aisha Traish, MD. The refractive and laser vision correction services moved to Mass. Eye and Ear's Waltham patient care site in November, 2018. Mass. Eye and Ear now offers a new type of minimally-invasive laser vision correction, the ReLEx SMILE procedure for the treatment of myopia (nearsightedness) at its Waltham location. Mass. Eye and Ear specialists are among the most experienced with the SMILEapproach nationwide, and the first in New England to offer the procedure. A new collaborative program between Mass. Eye and Ear and Mass General Hospital offers mental health services to patients within the Eye Trauma Service at Mass. Eye and Ear. The program allows visits with a psychologist for patients with severe trauma to their eye or face, including loss of an eye, loss of vision, or disfigurement. This service is intended to assist a patient in his or her initial adjustment to injuries and can also facilitate referral to a mental health care provider should the patient require ongoing care. Department of Otolaryngology Mass. Eye and Ear expanded to the Cape, opening two otolaryngology practices: Mass. Eye and Ear, Harwich Mass. Eye and Ear, Mashpee Began the Weymouth office build-out to accommodate more patients Began 11th floor renovation of clinic and office spaces Increased ambulatory space in Head and Neck Updated Head and Neck space aesthetics Built workstations for Head and Neck PAs Started building out phlebotomy and EKG Renovated Medical Evaluation Center (MEC) to accommodate Laryngology clinics Added huddle space for family conferences in Laryngology Completed build-out of the Surgical Photonics Engineering and Laboratory (SPEL) Department of Anesthesiology 2 Nihon Kohden Patient Monitors 2 Nihon Kohden Multi-Gas Analyzers 4 Glidescopes 1 Draeger Anesthesia MRI Machine 1 Sonosite Portable Ultrasound Machine 2 Norm-O-Temp Warming Systems Department of Radiology Installed a second 3.0T MRI with state-of-the-art audio/visual enhancements to provide a superior patient experience and advanced software to leverage and explore new and novel imaging techniques Planned the replacement of the department's fluoroscopy machine (used to examine patients with a variety of voice, speech, airway and swallowing disorders) with a state of the art unit that significantly reduces the amount of radiation exposure for patients and staff Community Engagement Department of Ophthalmology October 11, 2017 and September 13, 2018: Presidents Lecture Series November 30, 2017: Neighborhood House Charter School Vision Screenings Spring 2018: Fenway High School Interns April 4, 2018: Roxbury Tenants of Harvard Open House at Longwood April 7, 2018: Stoneham Chamber of Commerce 2018 Health and Wellness Expo May 17, 2018: Graves' Disease Public Forum July 19 and August 9, 2018: Camp Harbor View Vision Screenings Department of Otolaryngology Michael S. Cohen, MD, sent earmuff-style hearing protection to the New England Patriots players for their kids to wear during the Super Bowl. He also hosted his annual Hearing Center Family Carnival, which brings dozens of patient families to Mass. Eye and Ear for a day of fun. Aaron K. Remenschneider, MD, MPH, and Alicia M. Quesnel, MD, are working with the Massachusetts Commission for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing on continued support for the Boston Marathon bombing victims. They have established a formal collaboration with them to serve and support survivors, and collect clinical outcomes data on patients who are local. Led by Mark A. Varvares, MD, FACS, a team of volunteers held head and neck screenings at the Mission Hill Health Fair, where they screened more than 30 people. The Mass. Eye and Ear Department of Audiology sponsored a team for the Walk 4 Hearing, which benefits the Hearing Loss Association of America. In addition to the accomplishments highlighted in this report, Mass. Eye and Ear was proud to be named Employer of the Year by the Massachusetts Commission for the Blind. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 1A THE INFIRMARY'S BYLAWS STATE THE FOLLOWING: THERE SHALL BE AN EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE CONSISTING OF THOSE INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE SERVING AS MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE MEMBER. THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE SHALL HAVE THE POWER TO TRANSACT ALL EMERGENCY BUSINESS OF THE CORPORATION DURING THE PERIOD BETWEEN THE MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE SHALL ALSO TRANSACT SUCH BUSINESS, PERFORM SUCH DUTIES, AND EXERCISE SUCH POWERS AS MAY BE DIRECTED OR DELEGATED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FROM TME TO TIME. THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE SHALL KEEP A RECORD OF ITS PROCEEDINGS. ALL ACTIONS OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE SHALL BE REPORTED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AT ITS NEXT REGULAR MEETING. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 6 The Foundation is the sole member of the Infirmary. Effective April 1, 2018, Partners Healthcare System, Inc.(Partners) became the sole member of the Foundation. As a result the Foundation and its affiliated entities became part of the comprehensive, integrated healthcare system organized and operated by Partners that includes hospitals, physicians, charitable, scientific, educational, research and other Partners affiliated organizations. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 7A THE GOVERNOR OF THE COMMONWEALTH HAS THE AUTHORITY TO APPOINT TWO DIRECTORS. THE BYLAWS OF THE INFIRMARY STATE THAT THE REMAINING DIRECTORS ARE THOSE INDIVIDUALS SERVING AS DIRECTORS OF ITS SOLE MEMBER, THE FOUNDATION OF THE MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY, INC. ("THE FOUNDATION"). FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 7B THE FOUNDATION IS THE SOLE MEMBER OF THE INFIRMARY AND RETAINS THE AUTHORITY TO MAKE DECISIONS REGARDING THE INFIRMARY. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 11B THE INFIRMARY'S FORM 990 IS PREPARED BY PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS, LLP USING INFORMATION PREPARED BY MANAGEMENT. AFTER THE FORM 990 IS COMPLETED, IT IS REVIEWED BY THE MANAGER OF INVESTMENTS AND FOUNDATION ACCOUNTING. THE FORM 990 IS THEN PRESENTED TO THE FINANCE COMMITTEE FOR REVIEW AND APPROVAL AS AUTHORIZED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ARE ALSO GIVEN THE FORM 990 FOR REVIEW WITH TIME TO SUBMIT COMMENTS AND QUESTIONS BEFORE FINAL FILING. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 12C MEMBERS OF THE STAFF ARE REQUIRED TO DISCLOSE CONFLICTS OF INTEREST TO THEIR CHIEF OF SERVICE OR DEPARTMENT AND DIRECTOR OF LABORATORY/UNIT. MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ARE REQUIRED TO DISCLOSE ANNUALLY, IN WRITING, ANY INTERESTS THAT COULD GIVE RISE TO CONFLICTS. THE OFFICE OF THE INTERNAL LEGAL COUNSEL OBTAINS AND REVIEWS THE ANNUAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST STATEMENTS SUBMITTED BY MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS, AND REPORTS ON THE SAME TO THE AUDIT AND COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD. WITH RESPECT TO INTERESTS DISCLOSED BY BOARD MEMBERS THAT COULD GIVE RISE TO CONFLICTS OF INTEREST, THE INTERNAL LEGAL COUNSEL REVIEWS ALL TRANSACTIONS BETWEEN SUCH INTERESTS AND AFFILIATES OF THE INFIRMARY, TO DETERMINE WHETHER THESE TRANSACTIONS WERE CONDUCTED AT ARM'S LENGTH. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 15 THE CHAIRMAN OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF THE INFIRMARY PRESENTS A RECOMMENDATION TO THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE WHO HAVE FINAL APPROVAL OF THE CEO'S BASE SALARY AND BONUS AMOUNT. THE CEO RECOMMENDS THE SALARIES OF THE CHIEFS AND VICE PRESIDENTS TO THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD WHO HAS FINAL AUTHORIZATION TO APPROVE IT. COMPENSATION OF THOSE AT THE DIRECTOR LEVEL, INCLUDING THE DIRECTOR OF PROFESSIONAL REVENUE CYCLE, DIRECTOR OF FACILITIES PLANNING, AND CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICER IS REVIEWED AND APPROVED BY THE VICE PRESIDENT OF OPERATIONS. THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE MEETING WAS HELD ON NOVEMBER 15, 2017. TOTAL COMPENSATION FOR THE CEO, CHIEFS AND VICE PRESIDENTS, INCLUDING BONUS PAYMENTS, INCLUDING COMPARABILITY DATA, IS ANALYZED BY INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTANTS AND IS DETERMINED TO BE REASONABLE. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 19 SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE AVAILABLE ON THE INFIRMARY'S WEBSITE: WWW.MASSEYEANDEAR.ORG. AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. THE INFIRMARY'S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS AND FORM 990 ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY IS ALSO AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9 OTHER CHANGES IN NET ASSETS OR FUND BALANCES: ADJUSTMENT FOR PENSION AND POSTRETIREMENT RELATED CHANGES OTHER THAN NET PERIODIC PENSION COST: $13,940,727 FDN OF THE MASS EYE & EAR INFIRMARYINC 243 CHARLES STREET BOSTON MA 02114 042785453 SUPPORT MA 501(C)(3) 10 PHS false MASSACHUSETTS EYE & EAR ASSOCIATES INC 243 CHARLES STREET BOSTON MA 02114 222658209 PATIENT CARE MA 501(C)(3) 10 FOUNDATION true CIRCLE COMPANY INC 243 CHARLES STREET BOSTON MA 02114 042801791 TITLE HOLDING MA 501(C)(25) N/A FOUNDATION true EMBANKMENT SERVICES INC 243 CHARLES STREET BOSTON MA 02114 043272965 SUPPORT MA 501(C)(3) 12 - TYPE 1 FOUNDATION true MASS EYE & EAR INFIRMARY PENSION PLAN 243 CHARLES STREET BOSTON MA 02114 046067238 PENSION PLAN MA 401(A) N/A NA false SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC 20 STANIFORD STREET BOSTON MA 02114 042129889 RESEARCH MA 501(C)(3) 7 FOUNDATION true Partners HealthCare System Inc 800 BOYLSTON STREET BOSTON MA 02199 043230035 Hospital MA 501(c)(3) 3 NA false Partners HealthCare Group (SEE PART VII) 800 BOYLSTON STREET BOSTON MA 02199 Healthcare MA 501(c)(3) 10 PHS true Neighborhood Health Plan Inc 253 Summer Street Boston MA 02210 042932021 Insurance MA 501(c)(4) NONE PHS true Community Medical Alliance Inc 253 Summer Street Boston MA 02210 043454185 INSURANCE MA 501(c)(3) 12A NHP true PARTNERS POOLED INVESTMENT HOLDINGS LLC 800 BOYLSTON STREET BOSTON MA 02199 821715859 SUPPORT ORG MA 501(c)(3) 12A PHS true PHS BAY COLONY FUND 245 Park Avenue NEW YORK NY 10167 133887448 Investments DE NA N/A PARTNERS HEALTHCARE SYSTEM POOLED INVEST 101 MERRIMAC STREET BOSTON MA 02114 043268842 INVESTMENTS MA NA N/A RADIATION THERAPY OF SOUTHEASTERN MA LL 375 LONGWOOD AVENUE BOSTON MA 02115 010873580 RADIATION THERAPY MA NA N/A PARTNERS INNOVATION FUND LLC 101 HUNTINGTON AVENUE BOSTON MA 02199 262899986 INVESTMENTS MA NA N/A PARTNERS HEALTHCARE ACCOUNTABLE CARE ORG 399 REVOLUTION DRIVE SOMERVILLE MA 02145 812762122 ACCOUNTABLE CARE MA NA N/A Newton-Wellesley Physician Hospital Org 2014 Washington Street Newton MA 02462 043209749 Healthcare MA NA SUBCH. C CORP ALLWAYS HEALTH PARTNERS INSURANCE CO 399 REVOLUTION DRIVE SOMERVILLE MA 02145 830970929 INSURANCE COMPANY MA NA SUBCH. C CORP false true true false false false false false false false false false false false true true true true false SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC Q 438533 CASH SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC P 1874604 CASH SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC B 271961 CASH SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC P 255470 CASH MASS EYE & EAR PENSION PLAN R 19712045 CASH MASS EYE & EAR ASSOCIATES C 2416349 CASH MASS EYE & EAR ASSOCIATES B 15083409 CASH MASS EYE & EAR ASSOCIATES O 26302420 CASH SCHEDULE R, PART II EFFECTIVE APRIL 1, 2018, MEEI ORG BECAME RELATED TO PARTNERS HEALTHCARE SYSTEM, INC. AND ITS RELATED ENTITIES IN ITS GROUP EXEMPTION. EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2018, MEEI ORG BECAME PART OF THE PARTNERS GROUP EXEMPTION. SCHEDULE R, PART V, LINE 15: CONTRIBUTIONS REPRESENT AMOUNTS CONTRIBUTED BY THE INFIRMARY FOR EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT BENEFITS AS REQUIRED BY THE PENSION PLAN'S FUNDING POLICY.