2016-11-08T08:07:55-06:00 2015-12-31 BKD LLP 312 WALNUT STREET SUITE 3000 CINCINNATI OH 45202 990 2015-01-01 263086555 REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES INC % CHRISTOPHER D KNIGHT REID 7659833000 1100 REID PARKWAY RICHMOND IN 47374 CHRISTOPHER D KNIGHT CFO 7659833000 2016-11-02 true Aaron Hershberger P00961884 5136218300 2015 2017-02-10 21:41:12Z CRAIG KINYON 1100 REID PARKWAY RICHMOND IN 47374 47893514 false X WWW.REIDHEALTH.ORG X 2008 IN TO EMPLOY PHYSICIANS & PROFESSIONALS WHO PROMOTE HEALTH THROUGH EDUCATION, PREVENTION OF ILLNESS AND INJURY, AND THE PROVISION OF QUALITY, COST EFFECTIVE SERVICES TO THE PUBLIC. 18 11 817 0 0 139237 209549 45646572 47051153 -13430 -196797 1180559 1026406 46952938 48090311 0 0 0 0 68440448 76266081 0 0 0 24715167 25895289 93155615 102161370 -46202677 -54071059 19768103 19345375 187192551 240840882 -167424448 -221495507 X THE MISSION OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. IS TO EMPLOY PHYSICIANS AND HEALTH PROFESSIONALS WHO PROMOTE COMMUNITY HEALTH THROUGH EDUCATION, PREVENTION OF ILLNESS AND INJURY, AND THE PROVISION OF QUALITY, COST EFFECTIVE MEDICAL SERVICES TO THE PUBLIC WE SERVE. THIS MISSION IS ACCOMPLISHED THROUGH 1) THE EMPLOYMENT AND RETENTION OF PHYSICIANS, MID-LEVEL PROVIDERS, AND PHYSICIAN STAFF TO ADVANCE ITS PRIMARY PURPOSE OF PROMOTING COMMUNITY HEALTH; AND 2) COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION AND OUTREACH PROGRAMS FOR PATIENTS AND COMMUNITY MEMBERS, PREVENTION OF ILLNESS AND INJURY, AND PROVISION AND EXPANSION OF MEDICAL SERVICES FOR THE PUBLIC IN A MULTI-COUNTY SERVICE AREA. false false 99546039 47051153 IN KEEPING WITH THE SHARED COMMITMENT OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. AND REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. TO PROVIDE SERVICE TO ALL MEMBERS OF OUR MULTI-COUNTY SERVICE AREA INCLUDING THE ELDERLY, DISABLED, AND POOR, REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. PROVIDES CARE REGARDLESS OF ABILITY TO PAY. OUR SERVICES INCLUDE THOSE COVERED BY THE MEDICARE AND MEDICAID PROGRAMS AT BELOW COST AS WELL AS DISCOUNTED SERVICES FOR THE POOR IN ACCORDANCE WITH REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC.'S FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE POLICY. IN 2015, REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. PROVIDED OUR COMMUNITY A TOTAL OF 25,727 PHYSICIAN DAYS, RESULTING IN 655,694 PATIENT ENCOUNTERS OF WHICH 295,130 WERE MEDICARE AND 117,406 WERE MEDICAID PATIENT ENCOUNTERS. THESE PATIENT ENCOUNTERS INCLUDE 29,531 FIRST TIME PATIENTS WITH 8,599 BEING MEDICARE AND 6,729 BEING MEDICAID PATIENTS. PLEASE NOTE, PAYER BREAKDOWNS ARE ESTIMATED BASED OFF OF PROPORTION OF GROSS CHARGES FOR THESE PAYER TYPES. 99546039 true true false false false false false false false false true false false true false true false true false false false false false false false false false false false true false false false false false true true true false false false false false true false false false true 46 0 true 817 true false false false false false false false false false false X 18 11 true false false false true true true true true false false true true true true true true true true false IN X CHRISTOPHER D KNIGHT 7659833000 1100 REID PARKWAY RICHMOND IN 47374 JANET MECKLEY MD BOARD MEMBER 48.0 0.0 X 147646 0 12501 PHILLIP SCOTT DO BOARD MEMBER 48.0 0.0 X 286557 0 38901 ROHIT BAWA MD BOARD MEMBER 48.0 0.0 X 809861 0 41853 PATRICK ANDERSON MD BOARD MEMBER 48.0 0.0 X 400773 0 23908 KAREN CLARK BOARD MEMBER 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 JON FORD BOARD MEMBER-CHAIR 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 TOM HILKERT BOARD MEMBER 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 GREG JANZOW BOARD MEMBER 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 CRAIG KINYON PRESIDENT AND CEO-BOARD MEMBER 12.5 0.0 X X 0 616010 69653 PAUL LINGLE BOARD MEMBER-1ST VICE CHAIR 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 JIM TANNER BOARD MEMBER 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 JOHN MCBRIDE BOARD MEMBER-TREASURER 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 EDITH PERKINS BOARD MEMBER 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 WILLIAM QUIGG BOARD MEMBER 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 ALAN SPEARS BOARD MEMBER 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 ALEASIA STEWART BOARD MEMBER 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 BONITA WASHINGTON-LACEY BOARD MEMBER-SECRETARY 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 MARK HARRINGTON BOARD MEMBER 2.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 CHRISTOPHER NEHER MD ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN 50.0 0.0 X 1011429 0 43403 CHAD REED MD ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN 50.0 0.0 X 989590 0 42406 MARIO LEE MD ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN 50.0 0.0 X 885611 0 43201 BRETT KREPPS MD ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN 50.0 0.0 X 851769 0 38258 GANESHAN RAMACHANDRAN MD ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN 50.0 0.0 X 826441 0 31787 6209677 616010 385871 105 false true false COMPHEALTH MEDICAL STAFFING PO BOX 972651 DALLAS TX 753972651 MEDICAL STAFFING 3444381 DELL MARKETING LP 2300 W PLANO PKWY PLANO TX 75075 COMPUTER HARDWARE 3049238 NEXTGEN HEALTHCARE INFO SYSTEM 795 HORSHAM RD HORSHAM PA 19044 INFORMATION SYSTEMS 813684 AMERICAN WELL CORPORATION 75 STATE STREET FLOOR 26 BOSTON MA 02109 TELEHEALTH 564694 HENRY SCHEIN INC DEPT CH 10241 PALATINE IL 600550241 MEDICAL SUPPLIER 495424 26 26681 182868 209549 NET PATIENT SERVICE REVENUE 621990 47051153 47051153 47051153 0 0 0 8779 0 8779 8779 8779 -196797 196797 -196797 -196797 0 0 0 MISCELLANEOUS INCOME 900099 1017627 1017627 1017627 48090311 47051153 829609 0 0 0 0 1644837 1602729 42108 0 62223298 60630382 1592916 1219184 1187973 31211 8470140 8253304 216836 2708622 2639281 69341 0 5039 4910 129 0 0 0 0 8668328 8446419 221909 193826 188864 4962 5596216 5452953 143263 99827 97271 2556 0 6795388 6621426 173962 262256 255542 6714 0 344401 335584 8817 0 0 2018768 1967088 51680 1573934 1533641 40293 SUPPLIES 337306 328672 8634 102161370 99546039 2615331 0 99401 -336314 0 0 0 0 5690534 4754810 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 379580 759602 19398429 9291893 9252576 10106536 0 0 0 0 0 0 52324 17441 4293688 4043300 19768103 19345375 186951616 240840882 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 240935 0 187192551 240840882 X -167424448 -221495507 0 0 0 0 -167424448 -221495507 19768103 19345375 -54071059 X false true X true false X 0 0 7240 139237 209549 356026 23043901 35873373 38617388 45646572 47051230 190232464 0 0 0 23043901 35873373 38624628 45785809 47260779 190588490 0 0 0 190588490 851 960 4763 7107 8779 22460 0 851 960 4763 7107 8779 22460 0 198138 1146812 1365426 1173456 1017627 4901459 23242890 37021145 39994817 46966372 48287185 195512409 0.97481 0.97549 0.00012 0.00008 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 4950519 1078397 3872122 14296271 8213496 6082775 151639 151639 10106536 OTHER ASSETS 4043300 4043300 0 OTHER LIABILITIES 0 0 X SCHEDULE D, PART X, LINE 2 FIN 48 (ASC 740) FOOTNOTE REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. HAS BEEN RECOGNIZED AS EXEMPT FROM INCOME TAXES UNDER SECTION 501 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE AND A SIMILAR PROVISION OF STATE LAW. HOWEVER, REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. IS SUBJECT TO FEDERAL INCOME TAX ON ANY UNRELATED BUSINESS TAXABLE INCOME. REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. FILES TAX RETURNS IN THE U.S. FEDERAL JURISDICTION. WITH A FEW EXCEPTIONS, REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. IS NO LONGER SUBJECT TO U.S. FEDERAL EXAMINATIONS BY TAX AUTHORITIES FOR YEARS BEFORE 2012. X X X X false false false false false false false false false JANET MECKLEY MD BOARD MEMBER 146816 0 0 0 830 0 0 0 12501 0 160147 0 PHILLIP SCOTT DO BOARD MEMBER 275529 0 7714 0 3314 0 10919 0 27982 0 325458 0 ROHIT BAWA MD BOARD MEMBER 484104 0 306125 0 19632 0 11395 0 30458 0 851714 0 PATRICK ANDERSON MD BOARD MEMBER 363950 0 16195 0 20628 0 11395 0 12513 0 424681 0 CRAIG KINYON PRESIDENT AND CEO-BOARD MEMBER 0 562120 0 1563 0 52327 0 37645 0 32008 0 685663 CHRISTOPHER NEHER MD ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN 572176 0 437933 0 1320 0 11395 0 32008 0 1054832 0 CHAD REED MD ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN 625197 0 345789 0 18604 0 10600 0 31806 0 1031996 0 MARIO LEE MD ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN 585301 0 280678 0 19632 0 11395 0 31806 0 928812 0 BRETT KREPPS MD ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN 610611 0 239718 0 1440 0 11395 0 26863 0 890027 0 GANESHAN RAMACHANDRAN MD ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN 602762 0 161970 0 61709 0 10600 0 21187 0 858228 0 SCHEDULE J, PART I, LINE 3 METHODS TO ESTABLISH COMPENSATION REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. PRESIDENT/EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR IS EMPLOYED AS AN OFFICER OF REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. COMPENSATION FOR EMPLOYEES OF REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. AND EMPLOYEES WHO WORK WITH REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. IS ESTABLISHED BY THE CEO OF REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. METHODS FOR ESTABLISHING COMPENSATION WERE BASED ON VARIOUS SURVEYS AND STUDIES USED FOR ALL OFFICERS OF REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. JACQUELINE SCOTT FAMILY OF BOARD MEMBER 46721 EMPLOYED FAMILY MEMBER false PAUL LINGLE BOARD MEMBER 208756 CONSULTING & BROKERAGE FEES false CLAUDIA ANDERSON FAMILY OF BOARD MEMBER 54522 EMPLOYED FAMILY MEMBER false SCOTT HOFFER FAMILY OF BOARD MEMBER 57384 EMPLOYED FAMILY MEMBER false JACLYN SMITH FAMILY OF OFFICER 28056 EMPLOYED FAMILY MEMBER false SCHEDULE L, PART IV TRANSACTIONS WITH INTERESTED PERSONS JACQUELINE SCOTT, FAMILY MEMBER OF PHILLIP SCOTT, WHO IS A BOARD MEMBER OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. IS EMPLOYED BY REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. SHE EARNED $46,721 IN COMPENSATION DURING CALENDAR YEAR 2015. PAUL LINGLE, WHO IS A BOARD MEMBER OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. IS A REAL ESTATE BROKER AND REPRESENTS REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. IN ALL OF ITS REAL ESTATE TRANSACTIONS. THIS BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP HAS BEEN APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. MR. LINGLE IS EXCUSED FROM ANY BOARD BUSINESS THAT COULD RESULT IN A CONFLICT OF INTEREST. THE COMPENSATION PAID TO MR. LINGLE IS BASED ON FAIR MARKET VALUE AND CONSISTENT WITH THE INDUSTRY. TOTAL FEES OF $208,756 WERE PAID FOR CONSULTING SERVICES, BROKERAGE FEES RECEIVED BY LINGLE REAL ESTATE FOR PROPERTY PURCHASED BY REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC., LEASE PAYMENTS FOR PROPERTY LEASED TO REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC., AND PROPERTY MANAGEMENT SERVICES BY LINGLE MANAGEMENT CO. CLAUDIA ANDERSON, FAMILY MEMBER OF PATRICK ANDERSON, WHO IS A BOARD MEMBER OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. IS EMPLOYED BY REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. SHE EARNED $54,522 IN COMPENSATION DURING CALENDAR YEAR 2015. SCOTT HOFFER, FAMILY MEMBER OF JON FORD, WHO IS A BOARD MEMBER OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. IS EMPLOYED BY REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. HE EARNED $57,384 IN COMPENSATION DURING CALENDAR YEAR 2015. JACLYN SMITH, FAMILY MEMBER OF CRAIG KINYON, WHO IS AN OFFICER OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. IS EMPLOYED BY REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. SHE EARNED $28,056 IN COMPENSATION DURING CALENDAR YEAR 2015. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 1A GOVERNING BODY AND MANAGEMENT EACH CURRENT DIRECTOR OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. IS APPOINTED AS A DIRECTOR BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC., WHICH IS COMPRISED PRIMARILY OF INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 2 BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. OFFICER, CRAIG KINYON, AND REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. BOARD MEMBER, JOHN MCBRIDE, HAVE A BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP THROUGH WEST END BANK. MORE SPECIFICALLY, MR. KINYON SERVES ON THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF WEST END BANK, AND MR. MCBRIDE IS THE PRESIDENT OF WEST END BANK. THERE WERE NO TRANSACTIONS BETWEEN REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. AND WEST END BANK DURING 2015. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 6 GOVERNING BODY AND MANAGEMENT THE CORPORATION'S ONLY MEMBER IS REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC., WHICH IS A 501(C)(3) ORGANIZATION. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7A GOVERNING BODY AND MANAGEMENT REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC., AS THE CORPORATE MEMBER OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES,INC. MAY APPOINT AND REMOVE ANY DIRECTOR OF THE CORPORATION. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7B GOVERNING BODY AND MANAGEMENT PURSUANT TO THE BYLAWS OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC., REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. (AS THE CORPORATE MEMBER OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC.) HOLDS CERTAIN RESERVED POWERS, WHICH MEANS THAT THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. CANNOT EXERCISE THESE POWERS WITHOUT THE APPROVAL OF REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B POLICIES THIS FORM 990 WAS PREPARED AND REVIEWED BY AN OUTSIDE ACCOUNTING FIRM AND LEGAL COUNSEL BEFORE BEING PRESENTED TO MANAGEMENT FOR REVIEW. FOLLOWING MANAGEMENT'S REVIEW, THE FORM 990 WAS PRESENTED TO THE BOARD FOR FINAL REVIEW AND APPROVAL BEFORE FILING. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C POLICIES EVERY YEAR ALL KEY EMPLOYEES, OFFICERS, AND DIRECTORS ARE REQUIRED TO DISCLOSE ANY POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST RELATING TO REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. AND ITS AFFILIATES. THIS INFORMATION IS REVIEWED BY THE ORGANIZATION'S ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF AND INTERNAL AUDITOR. DURING THE YEAR EACH EMPLOYEE AND OFFICER IS REQUIRED TO DISCLOSE ANY CONFLICT OF INTEREST WHEN IT OCCURS. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS IS ASKED IF THERE ARE ANY CONFLICTS OF INTEREST ISSUES BEFORE EACH AND EVERY BOARD MEETING. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15A & 15B POLICIES THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC. HAS ULTIMATE AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE COMPENSATION OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, AND KEY EMPLOYEES. THIS RESPONSIBILITY EXTENDS TO QUALITY OF SERVICES RENDERED, QUALITY OF ITS MEDICAL STAFF, QUALITY OF ITS LEADERSHIP AND OTHER FINANCIAL, LEGAL, ETHICAL, AND OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS. AS A SERVICE TEAM PROVIDING HUMAN SERVICES, REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC.'S PEOPLE (LEADERSHIP, MEDICAL STAFF, EMPLOYEES, AND VOLUNTEERS) REPRESENT THE SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT ASSET POSSESSED BY THE ORGANIZATION. MORE THAN ANY OTHER FACTOR (BUILDINGS, EQUIPMENT, TECHNOLOGY, ETC.), THE QUALITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES DETERMINES THE QUALITY OF SERVICES ULTIMATELY PROVIDED TO ITS PATIENTS AND FAMILIES. THIS COMMITMENT TO QUALITY AND THE STEWARDSHIP OF HUMAN RESOURCES SERVES AS THE FOUNDATION FOR REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC.'S EMPLOYEE RELATIONS POSTURE. THIS APPLIES TO ALL ASPECTS OF EMPLOYEE RELATIONS AT ALL LEVELS. A COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY THAT ATTRACTS AND RETAINS QUALIFIED, HIGH QUALITY AND COMMITTED EMPLOYEES AT ALL LEVELS IS IN THE BEST INTEREST OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. AND THOSE WE SERVE. THE PRESIDENT AND CEO OF REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC., APPOINTED BY REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES, INC.'S GOVERNING BOARD, IS CHARGED WITH THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR DEVELOPING AND ADMINISTERING A COMPENSATION PLAN THAT REFLECTS THE PREVIOUSLY STATED PHILOSOPHY AND MISSION OF REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. THE COMPENSATION PROGRAM ADDRESSES THE FOLLOWING GOALS: 1.) THE ABILITY TO ATTRACT AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS HIGHLY QUALIFIED BY REASON OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION, PAST EXPERIENCE, AND PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS; 2.) APPROPRIATE RECOGNITION OF PERFORMANCE (POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE); 3.) MAINTENANCE OF MOTIVATION FOR FURTHER PERFORMANCE AT A LEVEL OF EXCELLENCE; 4.) RETENTION (WHEN DESIRED) OF LEADERSHIP EXPERTISE; AND 5.) FAIRNESS. IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT THE ISSUE OF FAIRNESS RELATES TO THE COMMUNITY, REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC., AND THE INDIVIDUAL. THE GOAL IS NOT TO MINIMIZE COST PER SE, NOR TO MAXIMIZE INCOME AS A SINGLE OBJECTIVE. THE GOAL IS TO ACHIEVE A COMPENSATION PACKAGE THAT IS FAIR TO THE COMMUNITY, FAIR TO REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES, INC. AND FAIR TO THE INDIVIDUAL. IN MEETING THIS FAIRNESS OBJECTIVE, PHYSICIAN COMPENSATION IS EVALUATED AND DETERMINED BY THE FOLLOWING FACTORS: MARKET CONDITIONS, GEOGRAPHIC CONSIDERATIONS, PHYSICIAN RECRUITMENT INITIATIVES, THIRD PARTY CONSULTATIONS, LEGAL REVIEW, AND COMPENSATION SURVEYS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 DISCLOSURE THE ORGANIZATION'S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE MADE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES 1100 REID PARKWAY RICHMOND IN 47374 350892672 HOSPITAL IN 501(C)3 3 NA false REID HOSPITAL & HEALTH CARE SERVICES FDN 1100 REID PARKWAY RICHMOND IN 47374 237440530 SUPPORT IN 501(C)3 11D NA false REID MOB LLC 1100 REID PARKWAY RICHMOND IN 47374 202191433 LANDLORD IN NA ROSE LLC 1100 REID PARKWAY RICHMOND IN 47374 202844915 SURGERY CENTER IN NA false false false false false false false false false false true false false true true false false false false