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        <ReturnReference>SCHEDULE D, PART XI, LINE 8</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>NET INCOME, RAND EUROPE: ($ 76,847) CHANGE IN FMV OF DERIVATIVES: ($ 446,983) ADJ. TO POST RETIREMENT BENEFIT LIABILITY: $ 899,600 ROUNDING ADJUSTMENT: ($ 2,455) ------------ TOTAL: $ 373,315</Explanation>
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        <ReturnReference>SCHEDULE D, PART XII, LINE 2D</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>RAND EUROPE REVENUE: $ 11,887,519</Explanation>
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        <ReturnReference>SCHEDULE D, PART XII, LINE 4B</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>SUBLEASE REVENUE: $ 1,953,823 RAND STORE NET LOSS: ($ 40) INTEREST INCOME GROSS-UP: $ 112,812 LTIF INCOME GROSS-UP: $ 249,050 ROUNDING ADJUSTMENT: $ 1,556 ------------- TOTAL: $ 2,317,201</Explanation>
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        <ReturnReference>SCHEDULE D, PART XIII, LINE 2D</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>RAND EUROPE EXPENSE: $ 11,964,366</Explanation>
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        <OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <DeferredCompFilingOrg>18728</DeferredCompFilingOrg>
        <DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>0</DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>
        <NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>25480</NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>
        <NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>0</NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>
        <TotalCompensationFilingOrg>211121</TotalCompensationFilingOrg>
        <TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>0</CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>
        <CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>0</CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartII>
        <NamePerson>NATALIE W CRAWFORD</NamePerson>
        <BaseCompensationFilingOrg>215843</BaseCompensationFilingOrg>
        <CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>0</CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>
        <BonusFilingOrg>0</BonusFilingOrg>
        <BonusRelatedOrgs>0</BonusRelatedOrgs>
        <OtherCompensationFilingOrg>3399</OtherCompensationFilingOrg>
        <OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <DeferredCompFilingOrg>25354</DeferredCompFilingOrg>
        <DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>0</DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>
        <NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>13731</NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>
        <NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>0</NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>
        <TotalCompensationFilingOrg>258327</TotalCompensationFilingOrg>
        <TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>0</CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>
        <CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>0</CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartII>
        <NamePerson>JEFFREY A ISAACSON</NamePerson>
        <BaseCompensationFilingOrg>100403</BaseCompensationFilingOrg>
        <CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>0</CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>
        <BonusFilingOrg>0</BonusFilingOrg>
        <BonusRelatedOrgs>0</BonusRelatedOrgs>
        <OtherCompensationFilingOrg>4709</OtherCompensationFilingOrg>
        <OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <DeferredCompFilingOrg>11335</DeferredCompFilingOrg>
        <DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>0</DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>
        <NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>9882</NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>
        <NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>0</NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>
        <TotalCompensationFilingOrg>126329</TotalCompensationFilingOrg>
        <TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>0</CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>
        <CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>0</CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartII>
        <NamePerson>THOMAS L MCNAUGHER</NamePerson>
        <BaseCompensationFilingOrg>114506</BaseCompensationFilingOrg>
        <CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>0</CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>
        <BonusFilingOrg>0</BonusFilingOrg>
        <BonusRelatedOrgs>0</BonusRelatedOrgs>
        <OtherCompensationFilingOrg>10997</OtherCompensationFilingOrg>
        <OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <DeferredCompFilingOrg>12090</DeferredCompFilingOrg>
        <DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>0</DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>
        <NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>308</NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>
        <NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>0</NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>
        <TotalCompensationFilingOrg>137901</TotalCompensationFilingOrg>
        <TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>0</CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>
        <CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>0</CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
        <Identifier>SUPPLEMENTAL COMPENSATION INFORMATION</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>SCHEDULE J, PART I, LINE 1A</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>RAND PROVIDES ADDITIONAL BENEFITS TO EMPLOYEES IN CONSIDERATION OF CERTAIN INTERNATIONAL ASSIGNMENTS, SUCH AS TAX INDEMNIFICATIONS AND HOUSING ALLOWANCES. BENEFITS ARE TAXABLE AND THUS REPORTED AS INCOME BY THE INDIVIDUAL. THESE BENEFITS ARE DETAILED IN AN EXPATRIATE AGREEMENT SIGNED BY THE INDIVIDUALS. TRAVEL IS AUTHORIZED FOR SPOUSES OF TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS TWICE A YEAR FOR THE BOARD OF TRUSTEE MEETINGS. ALL SUCH TRAVEL EXPENSES ARE INCLUDED IN INCOME.</Explanation>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
        <Identifier>SCHEDULE J, PART I, LINE 4B</Identifier>
        <Explanation>IN FY12, JAMES THOMSON AND MICHAEL RICH PARTICIPATED IN A 457(F) PLAN. THE 457(F) PLAN HAD TWO PARTICIPANTS UNTIL NOVEMBER 2011 WHEN JAMES THOMSON RETIRED AS PRESIDENT AND CEO. MICHAEL RICH ASSUMED THIS ROLE AND DID NOT APPOINT AN EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT, LEAVING MICHAEL RICH THE ONLY MEMBER TO THE 457(F) PLAN AS OF NOVEMBER 2011. PAYMENTS FROM THE PLAN INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE J WERE $46,911 FOR THOMSON AND $16,623 FOR RICH. THE ORGANIZATION'S NONQUALIFIED SUPPLEMENTAL EXECUTIVE RETIREMENT PLAN (SERP) PROVIDES AN UNFUNDED BENEFIT DETERMINED BY A FORMULA DRIVEN BY COMPENSATION, CONTINOUS SERVICE AND AGE. THE BENEFIT IS PAID IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE END OF THE CALENDAR YEAR. THE MAXIMUM DEFERRAL AMOUNT UNDER SECTION 457(B), $17,000 FOR CY11, IS DEPOSITED INTO A RABBI TRUST HELD BY TIAA-CREF (CUSTODIAN), WHICH ALLOWS THE EXECUTIVES TO DIRECT HOW THE BENEFITS WILL BE INVESTED WITHIN THEIR NONQUALIFIED RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS. THE REMAINDER ACCOUNTS, AS DISCLOSED ABOVE, ARE PAID DIRECTLY TO THE PARTICIPANT(S) AND WILL BE INCLUDED AS PART OF W-2 EARNINGS UNDER SECTION 457(F).</Explanation>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
        <Identifier>SCHEDULE J, PART I, LINE 7</Identifier>
        <Explanation>AS NOTED IN SCHEDULE O, PART OF THE BONUS PROVIDED TO PARTICIPANTS OF THE VARIABLE COMPENSATION PROGRAM IS DISCRETIONARY. A PREDETERMINED PERCENTAGE OF THE VARIABLE PAY MAY BE AWARDED AT THE DISCRETION OF THE CEO. THE VARIABLE COMPENSATION PROGRAM IS CONTINGENT ON WHETHER CERTAIN GOALS ARE ACHIEVED, INCLUDING CORPORATE FINANCIAL AND STRATEGIC ACHIEVEMENTS AS WELL AS INDIVIDUAL GOALS. THE CEO, CFO, UNIT AND DEPARTMENT HEADS, AND OTHERS PARTICIPATE IN THE PROGRAM. AN ANNUAL REVIEW PROCESS, INCLUDING REVIEW BY THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OR COMPENSATION COMMITTEE, HELPS ENSURE THAT GOAL MEASUREMENT IS VALIDATED AND PAYOUTS ARE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROGRAM.</Explanation>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
        <Identifier>SCHEDULE J, PART II, COLUMN B(III)</Identifier>
        <Explanation>BRUCE NARDULLI, CARL NEU AND OBAIDULLAH YOUNOSSI HAD EXPATRIATE AGREEMENTS DURING FY12. BENEFITS FROM SUCH AGREEMENTS ARE TAXABLE AND CONVEYED AS OTHER REPORTABLE COMPENSATION.</Explanation>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
        <Identifier>SCHEDULE J, PART II, COLUMN C</Identifier>
        <Explanation>THROUGH NOVEMBER 2011, THE CEO HAD THE RIGHT TO RECEIVE A SEVERANCE PAYMENT, DETERMINED BY A PRE-SET FORMULA, UPON HIS TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT AT RAND, IF HIS ENTITLEMENT TO THE SEVERANCE PAYMENT HAD NOT BEEN AMENDED OR TERMINATED BY THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF THE RAND BOARD OF TRUSTEES (WHICH THE COMMITTEE MAY DO IN ITS SOLE DISCRETION), AND IF AT THE TIME OF TERMINATION THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE DETERMINED THAT THE CEO WAS IN GOOD STANDING. IN OCTOBER 2011, THE PRESIDENT AND CEO, JAMES THOMSON, RETIRED, AND IN NOVEMBER 2011, A SEVERANCE PAYMENT OF $661,542 WAS GRANTED BY THE BOARD AND PAID IN EARLY CALENDAR YEAR (CY) 2012. THE PAYMENT WILL BE REPORTED IN RAND'S FY13 FORM 990 FILING NEXT YEAR (WHICH REQUIRES RAND TO REPORT WITHIN IT COMPENSATION FOR CY12). THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF THE CEO'S SEVERANCE IF HE HAD TERMINATED EMPLOYMENT AT THE END OF CALENDAR YEAR 2010 WOULD HAVE BEEN $610,823. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ACTUAL SEVERANCE PAYMENT (AS CALCULATED AT THE END OF CALENDAR YEAR 2011) AND THE CALENDAR YEAR 2010 ESTIMATED SEVERANCE PAYMENT ($50,719) IS INCLUDED IN DEFERRED COMPENSATION OF SCHEDULE J IN THIS FY12 FORM 990. ALSO IN NOVEMBER 2011, THE SEVERANCE PLAN WAS DISCONTINUED.</Explanation>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
    </IRS990ScheduleJ>
    <IRS990ScheduleK documentId="IRS990ScheduleK">
      <Form990ScheduleKPartI>
        <IssuerName>
          <BusinessNameLine1>CA INFRASTRUCTURE &amp; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN</BusinessNameLine1>
        </IssuerName>
        <IssuerEIN>630304653</IssuerEIN>
        <CUSIPNumber>13033WK51</CUSIPNumber>
        <DateIssued>2008-05-13</DateIssued>
        <IssuePrice>34975000</IssuePrice>
        <DescriptionOfPurpose>SEE PART VI</DescriptionOfPurpose>
        <Defeased>false</Defeased>
        <OnBehalfOfIssuer>false</OnBehalfOfIssuer>
        <PoolFinancing>false</PoolFinancing>
      </Form990ScheduleKPartI>
      <Form990ScheduleKPartI>
        <IssuerName>
          <BusinessNameLine1>CA INFRASTRUCTURE &amp; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN</BusinessNameLine1>
        </IssuerName>
        <IssuerEIN>630304653</IssuerEIN>
        <CUSIPNumber>13033WK69</CUSIPNumber>
        <DateIssued>2008-06-02</DateIssued>
        <IssuePrice>93565000</IssuePrice>
        <DescriptionOfPurpose>SEE PART VI</DescriptionOfPurpose>
        <Defeased>false</Defeased>
        <OnBehalfOfIssuer>false</OnBehalfOfIssuer>
        <PoolFinancing>false</PoolFinancing>
      </Form990ScheduleKPartI>
      <Form990ScheduleKPartII>
        <AmountRetired>0</AmountRetired>
        <AmountBondDefeased>0</AmountBondDefeased>
        <TotalProceeds>34975000</TotalProceeds>
        <AmountInReserveFund>0</AmountInReserveFund>
        <CapitalizedInterest>0</CapitalizedInterest>
        <RefundingEscrow>0</RefundingEscrow>
        <IssuanceCostsFromProceeds>0</IssuanceCostsFromProceeds>
        <CreditEnhancement>0</CreditEnhancement>
        <WorkingCapitalExpenditures>0</WorkingCapitalExpenditures>
        <CapitalExpenditures>0</CapitalExpenditures>
        <OtherSpentProceeds>0</OtherSpentProceeds>
        <AmountUnspent>0</AmountUnspent>
        <YearOfSubstCompletion>2004</YearOfSubstCompletion>
        <CurrentRefunding>true</CurrentRefunding>
        <AdvanceRefunding>false</AdvanceRefunding>
        <FinalAllocationMade>true</FinalAllocationMade>
        <AdequateBooksAndRecdsMaintaind>true</AdequateBooksAndRecdsMaintaind>
      </Form990ScheduleKPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleKPartII>
        <AmountRetired>0</AmountRetired>
        <AmountBondDefeased>0</AmountBondDefeased>
        <TotalProceeds>96565000</TotalProceeds>
        <AmountInReserveFund>0</AmountInReserveFund>
        <CapitalizedInterest>0</CapitalizedInterest>
        <RefundingEscrow>0</RefundingEscrow>
        <IssuanceCostsFromProceeds>1035000</IssuanceCostsFromProceeds>
        <CreditEnhancement>0</CreditEnhancement>
        <WorkingCapitalExpenditures>0</WorkingCapitalExpenditures>
        <CapitalExpenditures>0</CapitalExpenditures>
        <OtherSpentProceeds>0</OtherSpentProceeds>
        <AmountUnspent>0</AmountUnspent>
        <YearOfSubstCompletion>2004</YearOfSubstCompletion>
        <CurrentRefunding>true</CurrentRefunding>
        <AdvanceRefunding>false</AdvanceRefunding>
        <FinalAllocationMade>true</FinalAllocationMade>
        <AdequateBooksAndRecdsMaintaind>true</AdequateBooksAndRecdsMaintaind>
      </Form990ScheduleKPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleKPartIII>
        <PrcntgePrvtBusinessUseByOthers>0</PrcntgePrvtBusinessUseByOthers>
      </Form990ScheduleKPartIII>
      <Form990ScheduleKPartIII>
        <PrcntgePrvtBusinessUseByOthers>0</PrcntgePrvtBusinessUseByOthers>
      </Form990ScheduleKPartIII>
      <Form990ScheduleKPartIV>
        <Form8038TFiled>false</Form8038TFiled>
        <VariableRateIssue>true</VariableRateIssue>
        <HedgeIdentifiedInBooksAndRecds>true</HedgeIdentifiedInBooksAndRecds>
        <NameOfHedgeProvider>
          <BusinessNameLine1>DEUTSCHE BANK</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfHedgeProvider>
        <TermOfHedge>34.5</TermOfHedge>
        <SuperintegratedHedge>false</SuperintegratedHedge>
        <HedgeTerminated>false</HedgeTerminated>
        <GrossProceedsInvestedInGIC>false</GrossProceedsInvestedInGIC>
        <NameOfGICProvider>
          <BusinessNameLine1>0</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfGICProvider>
        <GrossProceedsInvested>false</GrossProceedsInvested>
        <ExceptionToRebate>false</ExceptionToRebate>
      </Form990ScheduleKPartIV>
      <Form990ScheduleKPartIV>
        <Form8038TFiled>false</Form8038TFiled>
        <VariableRateIssue>true</VariableRateIssue>
        <HedgeIdentifiedInBooksAndRecds>true</HedgeIdentifiedInBooksAndRecds>
        <NameOfHedgeProvider>
          <BusinessNameLine1>BARCLAYS</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfHedgeProvider>
        <TermOfHedge>34.7</TermOfHedge>
        <SuperintegratedHedge>false</SuperintegratedHedge>
        <HedgeTerminated>false</HedgeTerminated>
        <GrossProceedsInvestedInGIC>false</GrossProceedsInvestedInGIC>
        <NameOfGICProvider>
          <BusinessNameLine1>0</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfGICProvider>
        <GrossProceedsInvested>false</GrossProceedsInvested>
        <ExceptionToRebate>false</ExceptionToRebate>
      </Form990ScheduleKPartIV>
      <FedTaxRequirementsCompliance>X</FedTaxRequirementsCompliance>
      <Form990ScheduleKPartVI>
        <Identifier>PLEASE REFER TO PURPOSE OF BOND ISSUES ON SCHEDULE O.</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>0</ReturnReference>
      </Form990ScheduleKPartVI>
    </IRS990ScheduleK>
    <IRS990ScheduleL documentId="IRS990ScheduleL">
      <Form990ScheduleLPartIV>
        <NameOfInterestedPerson>
          <NamePerson>DAVID LOUGHRAN</NamePerson>
        </NameOfInterestedPerson>
        <Relationship>SEE PART V</Relationship>
        <AmountOfTransaction>101512</AmountOfTransaction>
        <DescriptionOfTransaction>COMPENSATION</DescriptionOfTransaction>
        <SharingOfRevenues>false</SharingOfRevenues>
      </Form990ScheduleLPartIV>
      <Form990ScheduleLPartV>
        <Identifier>BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS WITH INTERESTED PERSONS</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>FORM 990, SCHEDULE L, PART IV</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>DAVID LOUGHRAN IS THE SPOUSE OF MELISSA K. ROWE, AN OFFICER OF RAND CORPORATION.</Explanation>
      </Form990ScheduleLPartV>
    </IRS990ScheduleL>
    <IRS990ScheduleO documentId="IRS990ScheduleO">
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>PART III, LINE 4A</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>RAND IS A PUBLIC CHARITY AND AS SUCH RECEIVES A SUBSTANTIAL PART OF ITS SUPPORT FROM THE GOVERNMENT AND THE GENERAL PUBLIC (SEE ALSO SCHEDULE A). THIS SUPPORT IS NOT CONSIDERED PROGRAM SERVICE REVENUE AS DEFINED BY THE IRS AND THUS NOT REPORTED ON PART III, LINE 4A. HOWEVER, LIKE ALL PUBLIC CHARITIES, THIS SUPPORT IS USED TO FUND RAND'S PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES WHICH ARE REPORTED ON PART III, LINE 4A.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>ORGANIZATION'S GOVERNING BODY PROCEDURES FOR FORM 990 REVIEW</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>RAND SUMMARIZES THE INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED ON THE FORM 990 AND PROVIDES THE SUPPORT TO A THIRD-PARTY TAX FIRM SO THAT A DRAFT RETURN CAN BE COMPILED. THIS FIRM PROVIDES TAX GUIDANCE THROUGHOUT THE YEAR IN ADDITION TO PROVIDING GUIDANCE ON RETURN PREPARATION. ONCE THE DRAFT FORM 990 IS COMPILED, IT IS REVIEWED BY VARIOUS LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT WITHIN RAND, INCLUDING THE CFO. THE RAND BOARD OF TRUSTEES HAS DELEGATED TO THE AUDIT COMMITTEE THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE OVERSIGHT OF THE FORM 990. THEREFORE, ONCE THE FORM 990 IS FINALIZED, IT IS THOROUGHLY REVIEWED BY THE AUDIT COMMITTEE (ALONG WITH THE CONSOLIDATED AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS) AT A MEETING IN JANUARY AND APPROVED FOR RELEASE. THE FORM 990 IS SUBMITTED TO THE IRS IN FEBRUARY.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>WRITTEN CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY ENFORCEMENT</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12A</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>NEW STAFF MEMBERS RECEIVE A BOOKLET CONTAINING INSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES, CONFLICT OF INTEREST, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND OTHER ESSENTIAL POLICIES. CONFLICT OF INTEREST, CORPORATE INTEGRITY, INSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES AND ETHICS POLICIES ARE POSTED PROMINENTLY ON RAND'S INTRANET. CEO VIDEO ON INSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES AND EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT VIDEO ON CONFLICT OF INTEREST ARE POSTED ON THE INTRANET AND ARE REQUIRED VIEWING ON A PERIODIC BASIS FOR ALL RAND STAFF. PERSPECTIVE TRUSTEES ADVISE KEY MANAGEMENT OF ANY POSSIBLE CONFLICTS OF INTEREST BEFORE JOINING THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES. MOREOVER, ON AN ANNUAL BASIS EACH TRUSTEE IS ASKED BY THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER TO PROVIDE A LIST OF AFFILIATIONS IN WRITING THAT MAY RAISE A CONFLICT OF INTEREST ISSUE AND SIGN THE PRINCIPLES OF CONDUCT STATEMENT WHICH ASSERTS THAT THEY WOULD DISQUALIFY THEMSELVES FROM PARTICIPATING IN ANY RAND MATTERS IN WHICH THEY BELIEVE MAY GIVE RISE TO A POSSIBLE CONFLICT OF INTEREST. RAND MAINTAINS A FORMAL RECORD OF ALL INSTANCES WHERE TRUSTEES RECUSE THEMSELVES BECAUSE OF A POSSIBLE CONFLICT OF INTEREST. ADDITIONALLY, RAND'S GENERAL COUNSEL HAS EACH OFFICER COMPLETE AND SIGN AN ANNUAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST QUESTIONNAIRE. BY SIGNING THE FORM EACH OFFICER AGREES TO INFORM RAND IF ANY CIRCUMSTANCES CHANGE THAT WOULD MODIFY THE RESPONSES. FINALLY, ALL RAND OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES ARE ASKED TO COMPLETE AN ANNUAL RELATED PARTY QUESTIONNAIRE, SENT BY RAND'S CFO ORGANIZATION TO SUPPORT RAND'S RESPONSES TO CERTAIN QUESTIONS ON THE FORM 990. THIS QUESTIONNAIRE, WHICH IS REVIEWED BY VARIOUS LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT, SEEKS TO IDENTIFY FAMILY AND BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS AMONGST THE TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS AND REPRESENTS ANOTHER OPPORTUNITY OTHER THAN THE ABOVE FOR POTENTIAL CONFLICTS TO BE IDENTIFIED. PER THE AUDIT COMMITTEE CHARTER, CORPORATE INTEGRITY PROGRAM AND CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY IS REVIEWED PERIODICALLY WITH THE AUDIT COMMITTEE. THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY WAS FORMALLY REVIEWED AND LAST APPROVED BY THE AUDIT COMMITTEE IN NOVEMBER 2011.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>WRITTEN WHISTLEBLOWER POLICY</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 13</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>RAND HAS A WHISTLEBLOWER POLICY. THE AUDIT COMMITTEE REVIEWED AND APPROVED THE POLICY IN APRIL 2012.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>WRITTEN DOCUMENT RETENTION AND DESTRUCTION POLICY</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 14</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>RAND HAS A DOCUMENT RETENTION AND DISPOSITION POLICY. IT WAS REVIEWED AND APPROVED BY THE AUDIT COMMITTEE IN APRIL 2012.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>DETERMINATION OF COMPENSATION FOR CEO, EXEC DIRECTOR &amp; TOP MANAGEMENT</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15A</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>THE EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE CONDUCTS ANNUAL PERFORMANCE REVIEWS FOR THE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND THE SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. AS PART OF THE YEARLY EVALUATION, THE COMMITTEE REVIEWS MARKET DATA FROM SEVERAL SALARY SURVEYS AND EMPLOYS AN INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTANT TO REVIEW FOR REASONABLENESS. THE COMMITTEE RECOMMENDS SALARY INCREASES AND DISCRETIONARY AMOUNTS OF THE VARIABLE COMPENSATION PROGRAM FOR THE UPCOMING YEAR TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES WHO MAKES THE FINAL DECISION FOR THESE OFFICERS' COMPENSATION. THE EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE CONDUCTS THE REVIEW IN THE FALL AND DOCUMENTS THE REVIEW IN COMMITTEE MINUTES WHICH ARE THEN APPROVED AT THE NEXT MEETING. RAISES ARE EFFECTIVE IN FEBRUARY.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>DETERMINATION OF COMPENSATION FOR OTHER OFFICERS AND KEY EMPLOYEES</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15B</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>THE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER REVIEWS THE COMPENSATION FOR OFFICERS AND OTHER RESEARCH HEADS, OTHER THAN THOSE MENTIONED IN PART VI-B, #15A. HE PUTS FORTH SALARY INCREASE SUGGESTIONS AFTER EXAMINING PERFORMANCE, SALARY SURVEYS, AND BENCHMARK STUDIES. THE SALARY INCREASES FOR KEY EMPLOYEES WITHIN THE RESEARCH GROUP ARE SUGGESTED BY THE GLOBAL RESEARCH TALENT VICE PRESIDENT. BOTH SETS OF RECOMMENDATIONS ARE GIVEN TO THE EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE, WHICH ULTIMATELY DECIDES ON THE SALARY INCREASES EACH YEAR.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>PUBLIC DISCLOSURE OF GOVERNING DOCUMENTS AND POLICIES</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>THE ANNUAL REPORT AND AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE AVAILABLE ON RAND'S EXTERNAL WEBSITE: WWW.RAND.ORG. MOREOVER, THIS INFORMATION, AS WELL AS RAND'S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS AND FORM 990, IS AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST AND AT THE SANTA MONICA OFFICE. FURTHER, THIS INFORMATION HAS BEEN SUBMITTED TO SEVERAL STATES AND GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AS PART OF VARIOUS REGISTRATION PROCESSES AND IS AVAILABLE ON THOSE ORGANIZATIONS' WEBSITES.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>AVERAGE HOURS DEVOTED TO RELATED ORGANIZATION</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>PART VII, SECTION A, COLUMN B</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>JONATHAN GRANT, RAND EUROPE PRESIDENT, IS PAID FROM THE RELATED ORGANIZATION AND HAS ONE HOUR ALLOCATED AS AN OFFICER OF THE RAND CORPORATION. HIS AVERAGE HOURS FOR HIS DUTIES AS RAND EUROPE PRESIDENT ARE 40.00 HOURS.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>OTHER CHANGES IN NET ASSETS</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>PART XI, LINE 5</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>CHANGES IN FMV OF DERIVATIVES $( 446,983) ADJUSTMENT TO POST RETIREMENT LIABILITY $ 899,600 UNREALIZED GAIN ON INVESTMENTS $ 14,519,018 ROUNDING ADJUSTMENT $( 2,182) ------------- TOTAL $ 14,969,453</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>PURPOSE OF BOND ISSUES</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>SCHEDULE K, PART I, LINE 1, COLUMN (F)</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>SERIES 2008A BONDS REFUNDED SERIES 2007 BONDS, WHICH THEMSELVES REFUNDED SERIES 2002A BONDS. THE SERIES 2008A BONDS WERE ISSUED ON 5/13/2008. THE SERIES 2002A BONDS WERE ISSUED ON 7/2/2002. SERIES 2008B BONDS REFUNDED SERIES 2002B BONDS. THE SERIES 2008B BONDS WERE ISSUED ON 6/2/2008. THE 2002B BONDS WERE ALSO ISSUED ON 7/2/2002. PER IRS GUIDANCE CONTAINED IN THE FORM 990 SCHEDULE K INSTRUCTIONS, ORGANIZATIONS WHO HAVE OUTSTANDING BONDS (OVER $100,000) ISSUED AFTER 12/31/2002 MUST FILE A SCHEDULE K. RAND THEREFORE FILES A SCHEDULE K DUE TO ITS OUTSTANDING 2008A AND 2008B BONDS. HOWEVER, ORGANIZATIONS REPORTING ON BONDS ISSUED AFTER 12/31/2002 BUT WHICH REFUNDED BONDS ISSUED PRIOR TO 12/31/2002 (WHETHER DIRECTLY OR THROUGH A SERIES OF REFUNDINGS) DO NOT REPORT INFORMATION IN PART III (PRIVATE BUSINESS USE) OF SCHEDULE K. RAND THEREFORE DOES NOT REPORT INFORMATION IN PART III OF SCHEDULE K.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
    </IRS990ScheduleO>
    <IRS990ScheduleR documentId="IRS990ScheduleR">
      <Form990ScheduleRPartI>
        <NameOfDisregardedEntity>
          <BusinessNameLine1>RAND CORPORATION ENDOWMENT TRUST</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfDisregardedEntity>
        <AddressUS>
          <AddressLine1>400 HOWARD STREET</AddressLine1>
          <City>SAN FRANCISCO</City>
          <State>CA</State>
          <ZIPCode>94105</ZIPCode>
        </AddressUS>
        <EIN>336357131</EIN>
        <PrimaryActivities>INVESTMENTS</PrimaryActivities>
        <LegalDomicileState>CA</LegalDomicileState>
        <TotalIncome>595190</TotalIncome>
        <EOYAssets>32809898</EOYAssets>
        <DirectControllingEntityName>
          <BusinessNameLine1>RAND CORP</BusinessNameLine1>
        </DirectControllingEntityName>
      </Form990ScheduleRPartI>
      <Form990ScheduleRPartII>
        <NameOfDisregardedEntity>
          <BusinessNameLine1>RAND Europe (UK)</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfDisregardedEntity>
        <AddressForeign>
          <AddressLine1>Westbrook Centre Milton Road</AddressLine1>
          <City>Cambridge, CB4 1YG</City>
          <Country>UK</Country>
        </AddressForeign>
        <PrimaryActivities>Policy Rsrch</PrimaryActivities>
        <LegalDomicileForeignCountry>UK</LegalDomicileForeignCountry>
        <ExemptCodeSection>N/A</ExemptCodeSection>
        <PublicCharityStatus>N/A</PublicCharityStatus>
        <DirectControllingEntityName>
          <BusinessNameLine1>RAND CORP</BusinessNameLine1>
        </DirectControllingEntityName>
        <ControlledOrg>true</ControlledOrg>
      </Form990ScheduleRPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleRPartII>
        <NameOfDisregardedEntity>
          <BusinessNameLine1>RAND Retiree Medical Benefit Plan</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfDisregardedEntity>
        <AddressUS>
          <AddressLine1>1776 Main Street PO Box 2138</AddressLine1>
          <City>Santa Monica</City>
          <State>CA</State>
          <ZIPCode>90407</ZIPCode>
        </AddressUS>
        <EIN>954496399</EIN>
        <PrimaryActivities>FUND SUPPORT</PrimaryActivities>
        <LegalDomicileState>CA</LegalDomicileState>
        <ExemptCodeSection>501(C)(9)</ExemptCodeSection>
        <PublicCharityStatus>N/A</PublicCharityStatus>
        <DirectControllingEntityName>
          <BusinessNameLine1>RAND CORP</BusinessNameLine1>
        </DirectControllingEntityName>
        <ControlledOrg>true</ControlledOrg>
      </Form990ScheduleRPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleRPartIV>
        <NameOfRelatedOrg>
          <BusinessNameLine1>Rand Europe Community Interest Company</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfRelatedOrg>
        <AddressForeign>
          <AddressLine1>I McEwan Westbrook Centre</AddressLine1>
          <City>Milton Rd</City>
          <ProvinceOrState>Cambridge, CB4 1YG</ProvinceOrState>
          <Country>UK</Country>
        </AddressForeign>
        <PrimaryActivity>Consultancy SRVCS</PrimaryActivity>
        <LegalDomicileForeignCountry>UK</LegalDomicileForeignCountry>
        <DirectControllingEntityName>
          <BusinessNameLine1>Rand Corp</BusinessNameLine1>
        </DirectControllingEntityName>
        <TypeOfEntity>C Corp</TypeOfEntity>
        <ShareOfTotalIncome>11887519</ShareOfTotalIncome>
        <ShareOfEOYAssets>2169603</ShareOfEOYAssets>
        <PercentageOwnership>1.00000</PercentageOwnership>
      </Form990ScheduleRPartIV>
      <ReceiptOfIntAnnRentsRoyalties>true</ReceiptOfIntAnnRentsRoyalties>
      <GiftGrantOrCapContrToOtherOrg>false</GiftGrantOrCapContrToOtherOrg>
      <GiftGrantOrCapContrFrOtherOrg>false</GiftGrantOrCapContrFrOtherOrg>
      <LoansOrGuaranteesToOtherOrg>false</LoansOrGuaranteesToOtherOrg>
      <LoansOrGuaranteesFromOtherOrg>false</LoansOrGuaranteesFromOtherOrg>
      <SaleOfAssetsToOtherOrg>false</SaleOfAssetsToOtherOrg>
      <PurchaseOfAssetsFromOtherOrg>false</PurchaseOfAssetsFromOtherOrg>
      <ExchangeOfAssets>false</ExchangeOfAssets>
      <RentalOfFacilitiesToOtherOrgs>false</RentalOfFacilitiesToOtherOrgs>
      <RentalOfFacilitiesFrOtherOrgs>false</RentalOfFacilitiesFrOtherOrgs>
      <PerformOfServicesForOtherOrgs>false</PerformOfServicesForOtherOrgs>
      <PerformOfServicesByOtherOrgs>false</PerformOfServicesByOtherOrgs>
      <SharingOfFacilities>false</SharingOfFacilities>
      <SharingOfPaidEmployees>false</SharingOfPaidEmployees>
      <ReimbursementPaidToOtherOrg>false</ReimbursementPaidToOtherOrg>
      <ReimbursementPaidByOtherOrg>false</ReimbursementPaidByOtherOrg>
      <OtherTransferToOtherOrg>true</OtherTransferToOtherOrg>
      <OtherTransferFromOtherOrg>true</OtherTransferFromOtherOrg>
      <TransactionsRelatedOrgsTable>
        <NameOfOtherOrganization>
          <BusinessNameLine1>RAND EUROPE (UK)</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfOtherOrganization>
        <TransactionType>a-i</TransactionType>
        <AmountInvolved>65524</AmountInvolved>
        <MethodOfAmtDetermination>ACCRUAL METHOD</MethodOfAmtDetermination>
      </TransactionsRelatedOrgsTable>
      <TransactionsRelatedOrgsTable>
        <NameOfOtherOrganization>
          <BusinessNameLine1>RAND EUROPE COMMUNITY INTEREST COMPANY</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfOtherOrganization>
        <TransactionType>a-i</TransactionType>
        <AmountInvolved>22235</AmountInvolved>
        <MethodOfAmtDetermination>ACCRUAL METHOD</MethodOfAmtDetermination>
      </TransactionsRelatedOrgsTable>
      <TransactionsRelatedOrgsTable>
        <NameOfOtherOrganization>
          <BusinessNameLine1>RAND RETIREE MEDICAL BENEFIT PLAN</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfOtherOrganization>
        <TransactionType>q</TransactionType>
        <AmountInvolved>2346174</AmountInvolved>
        <MethodOfAmtDetermination>ACCRUAL METHOD</MethodOfAmtDetermination>
      </TransactionsRelatedOrgsTable>
      <TransactionsRelatedOrgsTable>
        <NameOfOtherOrganization>
          <BusinessNameLine1>RAND RETIREE MEDICAL BENEFIT PLAN</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfOtherOrganization>
        <TransactionType>r</TransactionType>
        <AmountInvolved>1135018</AmountInvolved>
        <MethodOfAmtDetermination>ACCRUAL METHOD</MethodOfAmtDetermination>
      </TransactionsRelatedOrgsTable>
    </IRS990ScheduleR>
  </ReturnData>
</Return>