SIGNAL TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION: Form 990, tax year 2022

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization: SIGNAL TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION (EIN 82-4506840)
Tax period: 2022-01-01 to 2022-12-31
Filed: 2023-09-13
IRS object ID: 202342569349300244
Schema version: 2022v5.0
Source: Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header
Form 990
Schedule A
Schedule B
Schedule D
Schedule J
Schedule L
Schedule O
Schedule R

Return header ReturnHeader

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return	2023-09-13T18:00:00-05:00	ReturnTs
Tax Period End	2022-12-31	TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN	910189318	PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	MOSS ADAMS LLP	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	101 SECOND STREET SUITE 900	AddressLine1Txt
City	SAN FRANCISCO	CityNm
State Abbreviation	CA	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	94105	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return Type	990	ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin	2022-01-01	TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
EIN	824506840	EIN

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	SIGNAL TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Control	SIGN	BusinessNameControlTxt
Phone	6503368080	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	650 CASTRO STREET SUITE 120-223	AddressLine1Txt
City	MOUNTAIN VIEW	CityNm
State Abbreviation	CA	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	94041	ZIPCd

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person	BRIAN ACTON	PersonNm
Person Title	PRESIDENT	PersonTitleTxt
Phone	6503368080	PhoneNum
Signature	2023-09-07	SignatureDt
Discuss With Paid Preparer	Yes (1)	DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd

Signing Officer SigningOfficerGrp

Person Full Name PersonFullName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person First	BRIAN	PersonFirstNm
Person Last	ACTON	PersonLastNm

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
SSN	999009999	SSN

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
IRS Responsible Prty Info Curr	Yes (1)	IRSResponsiblePrtyInfoCurrInd

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Person	MICHAEL LUMSDEN	PreparerPersonNm
PTIN	P01262236	PTIN
Phone	4159561500	PhoneNum
Preparation	2023-09-07	PreparationDt

Additional Filer Information AdditionalFilerInformation

Trusted Customer TrustedCustomerGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Trusted Customer	2	TrustedCustomerCd
Authentication Assurance Level	AAL1	AuthenticationAssuranceLevelCd
Identity Assurance Level	IAL1	IdentityAssuranceLevelCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Tax	2022	TaxYr
Build TS	2023-04-26 12:10:37Z	BuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Principal Officer	BRIAN ACTON	PrincipalOfficerNm

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	650 CASTRO STREET SUITE 120-223	AddressLine1Txt
City	MOUNTAIN VIEW	CityNm
State Abbreviation	CA	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	94041	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts	$28,278,104	GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For Affiliates	0	GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3	Yes (X)	Organization501c3Ind
Website Address	WWW.SIGNALFOUNDATION.ORG	WebsiteAddressTxt
Type Of Organization Corp	Yes (X)	TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Formation	2018	FormationYr
Legal Domicile State	DE	LegalDomicileStateCd
Activity Or Mission	TO DEVELOP PRIVACY TECHNOLOGY THAT PROTECTS FREE EXPRESSION & ENABLES SECURE GLOBAL COMMUNICATION.	ActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body	3	VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent	0	VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee	42	TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Volunteers	1	TotalVolunteersCnt
Total Gross UBI	$138,113	TotalGrossUBIAmt
Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm	$100,870	NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt
PY Contributions Grants	$9,911,613	PYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Contributions Grants	$23,448,909	CYContributionsGrantsAmt
PY Program Service Revenue	$203,590	PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
CY Program Service Revenue	$198,805	CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
PY Investment Income	$595,298	PYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Investment Income	$428,095	CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
PY Other Revenue	$2,054,879	PYOtherRevenueAmt
CY Other Revenue	$1,988,410	CYOtherRevenueAmt
PY Total Revenue	$12,765,380	PYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue	$26,064,219	CYTotalRevenueAmt
PY Grants And Similar Paid	$0	PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid	$0	CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
PY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$12,119,555	PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$11,920,964	CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$0	PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$0	CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense	$0	CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
PY Other Expenses	$20,997,537	PYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Other Expenses	$18,534,457	CYOtherExpensesAmt
PY Total Expenses	$33,117,092	PYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses	$30,455,421	CYTotalExpensesAmt
PY Revenues Less Expenses	-$20,351,712	PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses	-$4,391,202	CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY	$46,245,596	TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY	$37,331,314	TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY	$32,496,069	TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY	$33,137,582	TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY	$13,749,527	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY	$4,193,732	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
Mission	TO DEVELOP OPEN SOURCE PRIVACY TECHNOLOGY THAT PROTECTS FREE EXPRESSION AND ENABLES SECURE GLOBAL COMMUNICATION.	MissionDesc
Significant New Program Srvc	0	SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant Change	0	SignificantChangeInd
Expense	$26,065,789	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$0	GrantAmt
Revenue	$177,970	RevenueAmt
Desc	FOLLOWING ITS FORMATION IN EARLY 2018, SIGNAL FOUNDATION'S PRIMARY ACTIVITY WAS THE CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT TO SIGNAL MESSENGER IN ORDER TO ENSURE GLOBAL ACCESS TO A SECURE, END-TO-END ENCRYPTED VOICE AND TEXT COMMUNICATIONS PLATFORM. THROUGH SIGNAL MESSENGER, USERS CAN SECURELY CALL AND TEXT ONE ANOTHER. THE CONTENT OF THOSE COMMUNICATIONS ARE SECURELY ENCRYPTED BY THE APP.	Desc
Total Program Service Expenses	$26,065,789	TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3	Yes (1)	DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign Acty	0	PoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying Activities	0	LobbyingActivitiesInd
Subject To Proxy Tax	0	SubjectToProxyTaxInd
Donor Advised Fund	0	DonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation Easements	0	ConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of Art	0	CollectionsOfArtInd
Credit Counseling	0	CreditCounselingInd
Donor Rstr Or Quasi Endowments	0	DonorRstrOrQuasiEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building Equipment	Yes (1)	ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other Sec	0	ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related Invst	0	ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other Assets	0	ReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other Liabilities	0	ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 Footnote	Yes (1)	IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl Stmt	Yes (1)	IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt	0	ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School Operating	0	SchoolOperatingInd
Foreign Office	0	ForeignOfficeInd
Foreign Activities	0	ForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To Org	0	MoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To Individuals	0	MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional Fundraising	0	ProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising Activities	0	FundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming Activities	0	GamingActivitiesInd
Operate Hospital	0	OperateHospitalInd
Grants To Organizations	0	GrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To Individuals	0	GrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt Bonds	0	TaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans	0	EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit Trans	0	PYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan Outstanding	Yes (1)	LoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related Person	0	GrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org Mem	0	BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam Mem	0	BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With35 Ctrl Ent	0	BusinessRlnWith35CtrlEntInd
Deductible Non Cash Contri	0	DeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art Contribution	0	DeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate Operations	0	TerminateOperationsInd
Partial Liquidation	0	PartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded Entity	Yes (1)	DisregardedEntityInd
Related Entity	0	RelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl Ent	0	RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org	0	TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted Prtshp	0	ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleORequiredInd
IRP Document	22	IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G	0	IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Backup Wthld Compliance	Yes (1)	BackupWthldComplianceInd
Employee	42	EmployeeCnt
Employment Tax Returns Filed	Yes (1)	EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd
Unrelated Bus Incm Over Limit	Yes (1)	UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Form990 T Filed	Yes (1)	Form990TFiledInd
Foreign Financial Account	0	ForeignFinancialAccountInd
Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans	0	ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party Notification	0	TaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible Contributions	0	NondeductibleContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contributions	0	QuidProQuoContributionsInd
Form8282 Property Disposed Of	0	Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd
Rcv Fnds To Pay Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	0	RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Pay Premiums Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	0	PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Indoor Tanning Services	0	IndoorTanningServicesInd
Subj To Tax Rmnrtn Ex Prcht Pymt	0	SubjToTaxRmnrtnExPrchtPymtInd
Subject To Excs Tax Net Invst Inc	0	SubjectToExcsTaxNetInvstIncInd
Info In Schedule O Part VI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd
Governing Body Voting Members	3	GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member	0	IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business Rln	0	FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt Duties	0	DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org Documents	0	ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or Misuse	0	MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or Stockholders	Yes (1)	MembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board Members	Yes (1)	ElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To Approva	Yes (1)	DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing Body	Yes (1)	MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of Committees	Yes (1)	MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing Address	0	OfficerMailingAddressInd
Local Chapters	0	LocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn Body	Yes (1)	Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest Policy	Yes (1)	ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Annual Disclosure Covered Prsn	0	AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd
Regular Monitoring Enfrc	Yes (1)	RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd
Whistleblower Policy	0	WhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention Policy	0	DocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEO	0	CompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process Other	Yes (1)	CompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint Venture	0	InvestmentInJointVentureInd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	CA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
Upon Request	Yes (X)	UponRequestInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	ARUNA HARDER	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Phone	6503368080	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	650 CASTRO STREET SUITE 120-223	AddressLine1Txt
City	MOUNTAIN VIEW	CityNm
State Abbreviation	CA	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	94041	ZIPCd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (9 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Average Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRt	Individual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd	Reportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmt	Reportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt	Other CompensationOtherCompensationAmt	OfficerOfficerInd	Key EmployeeKeyEmployeeInd	Highest Compensated EmployeeHighestCompensatedEmployeeInd
MEREDITH WHITTAKER
DIRECTOR / PRES OF SIGNAL MESSENGER	40.00	Yes (X)	$191,229	$0	$6,032
MOXIE MARLINSPIKE
DIR / CEO OF SIG MSGR THROUGH 2/2022	40.00	Yes (X)	$80,567	$0	$1,104
BRIAN ACTON
PRES/SEC/TR/CEO SIG MSGR AS OF 2/2022	40.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0	Yes (X)
ARUNA HARDER
CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER	40.00		$444,606	$0	$20,500		Yes (X)
JIM O'LEARY
VP, ENGINEERING	40.00		$666,909	$0	$33,343			Yes (X)
EHREN KRET
CHIEF TECHNOLOGY OFFICER	40.00		$665,909	$0	$8,557			Yes (X)
GRAEME CONNELL
SOFTWARE DEVELOPER	40.00		$444,606	$0	$35,208			Yes (X)
GREYSON PARRELLI
SOFTWARE DEVELOPER	40.00		$422,972	$0	$35,668			Yes (X)
JONATHAN CHAMBERS
SOFTWARE DEVELOPER	40.00		$420,595	$0	$28,346			Yes (X)

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Reportable Comp From Org	$3,337,393	TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt
Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org	$0	TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt
Total Other Compensation	$168,758	TotalOtherCompensationAmt
Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K	34	IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Former Ofcr Employees Listed	0	FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 K	Yes (1)	TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other Srcs	0	CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd

Contractor Compensation ContractorCompensationGrp (5 entries)

Address Line1ContractorAddress/USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityContractorAddress/USAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationContractorAddress/USAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPContractorAddress/USAddress/ZIPCd	ServicesServicesDesc	CompensationCompensationAmt
TWILIO INC
375 BEALE STREET SUITE 300	SAN FRANCISCO	CA	94105	PHONE VERIFICATION SERVICES	$5,377,014
MICROSOFT
ONE MICROSOFT WAY	REDMOND	WA	98052	CLOUD HOSTING SERVICES	$2,929,110
AMAZON WEB SERVICES
1200 12TH AVENUE SOUTH SUITE 1200	SEATTLE	WA	98144	CLOUD HOSTING SERVICES	$2,606,209
GOOGLE LLC
1600 AMPHITHEATRE PKWY	MOUNTAIN VIEW	CA	94043	CLOUD HOSTING SERVICES	$1,355,508
IPLA
4445 EASTGATE MALL SUITE 200	SAN DIEGO	CA	92121	LEGAL FEES: TRADEMARKS	$327,850

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K	20	CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
All Other Contributions	$23,448,909	AllOtherContributionsAmt
Total Contributions	$23,448,909	TotalContributionsAmt

Program Service Revenue ProgramServiceRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Desc	SERVICE REVENUE	Desc
Business	541900	BusinessCd
Total Revenue Column	$198,805	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$198,805	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Program Service Revenue	$198,805	TotalProgramServiceRevenueAmt

Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$551,394	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$138,113	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$413,281	ExclusionAmt

Royalties Revenue RoyaltiesRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$2,009,245	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$2,009,245	ExclusionAmt

Gross Amount Sales Assets GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$2,065,816	SecuritiesAmt

Less Cost Oth Basis Sales Expnss LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$2,189,115	SecuritiesAmt

Gain Or Loss GainOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	-$123,299	SecuritiesAmt

Net Gain Or Loss Investments NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	-$123,299	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	-$123,299	ExclusionAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Gross Sales Of Inventory	$3,935	GrossSalesOfInventoryAmt
Cost Of Goods Sold	$24,770	CostOfGoodsSoldAmt

Net Income Or Loss NetIncomeOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	-$20,835	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	-$20,835	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$26,064,219	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$177,970	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$138,113	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$2,299,227	ExclusionAmt

Comp Current Ofcr Directors CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$744,037	TotalAmt
Program Services	$278,931	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$465,106	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$9,665,761	TotalAmt
Program Services	$9,072,151	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$593,610	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributionsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$548,570	TotalAmt
Program Services	$512,163	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$36,407	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefitsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$457,934	TotalAmt
Program Services	$411,427	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$46,507	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$504,662	TotalAmt
Program Services	$454,196	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$50,466	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$166,719	TotalAmt
Management And General	$166,719	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$86,670	TotalAmt
Management And General	$86,670	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOtherGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$3,043,367	TotalAmt
Program Services	$2,580,052	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$463,315	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Advertising AdvertisingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$70,699	TotalAmt
Management And General	$70,699	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$30,772	TotalAmt
Management And General	$30,772	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Information Technology InformationTechnologyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$227,876	TotalAmt
Program Services	$227,876	ProgramServicesAmt

Occupancy OccupancyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$15,258	TotalAmt
Management And General	$15,258	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Travel TravelGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$191,179	TotalAmt
Management And General	$191,179	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,831	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,648	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$183	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Interest InterestGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$831,253	TotalAmt
Management And General	$831,253	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletionGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,252,073	TotalAmt
Management And General	$1,252,073	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Insurance InsuranceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$47,873	TotalAmt
Management And General	$47,873	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)

DescDesc	TotalTotalAmt	Program ServicesProgramServicesAmt	Management And GeneralManagementAndGeneralAmt
WEB HOSTING AND REG.	$12,527,345	$12,527,345
UBI TAX EXPENSE	$40,800		$40,800
BUSINESS TAXES	$372		$372
BUSINESS LICENSES/PERMI	$345		$345

All Other Expenses AllOtherExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$25	TotalAmt
Management And General	$25	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$30,455,421	TotalAmt
Program Services	$26,065,789	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$4,389,632	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$7,650,653	BOYAmt
EOY	$5,279,697	EOYAmt

Savings And Temp Cash Invst SavingsAndTempCashInvstGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$8,477,200	BOYAmt
EOY	$7,543,015	EOYAmt

Accounts Receivable AccountsReceivableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$228,175	EOYAmt

Prepaid Expenses Defrd Charges PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$535,741	BOYAmt
EOY	$378,071	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss	$293,163	LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt
Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec	$95,537	LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt

Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$197,626	EOYAmt

Investments Pub Traded Sec InvestmentsPubTradedSecGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$21,329,344	BOYAmt
EOY	$17,756,656	EOYAmt

Intangible Assets IntangibleAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$6,216,160	BOYAmt
EOY	$5,387,474	EOYAmt

Other Assets Total OtherAssetsTotalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$2,036,498	BOYAmt
EOY	$560,600	EOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$46,245,596	BOYAmt
EOY	$37,331,314	EOYAmt

Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$1,196,774	BOYAmt
EOY	$1,007,034	EOYAmt

Deferred Revenue DeferredRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$49,167	BOYAmt
EOY	$49,167	EOYAmt

Loans From Officers Directors LoansFromOfficersDirectorsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$31,250,128	BOYAmt
EOY	$32,081,381	EOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$32,496,069	BOYAmt
EOY	$33,137,582	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Organization Follows FASB117	Yes (X)	OrganizationFollowsFASB117Ind

No Donor Restriction Net Assets NoDonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	-$60,000,345	BOYAmt
EOY	-$68,724,887	EOYAmt

Donor Restriction Net Assets DonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$73,749,872	BOYAmt
EOY	$72,918,619	EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$13,749,527	BOYAmt
EOY	$4,193,732	EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$46,245,596	BOYAmt
EOY	$37,331,314	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Info In Schedule O Part XI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartXIInd
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss	-$4,391,202	ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Net Unrlzd Gains Losses Invst	-$1,928,820	NetUnrlzdGainsLossesInvstAmt
Other Changes In Net Assets	-$3,235,773	OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt
Method Of Accounting Accrual	Yes (X)	MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd
Accountant Compile Or Review	0	AccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS Audited	Yes (1)	FSAuditedInd

FS Audited Basis FSAuditedBasisGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Separate Basis Fincl Stmt	Yes (X)	SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Audit Committee	Yes (1)	AuditCommitteeInd
Federal Grant Audit Required	0	FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Public Organization170	Yes (X)	PublicOrganization170Ind

Gifts Grants Contri Rcvd170 GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$17,563,652	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$13,744,471	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$9,911,613	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$23,448,909	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$64,668,645	TotalAmt

Total Calendar Year170 TotalCalendarYear170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$17,563,652	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$13,744,471	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$9,911,613	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$23,448,909	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$64,668,645	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Substantial Contributors Tot	$537,532	SubstantialContributorsTotAmt
Public Support Total170	$64,131,113	PublicSupportTotal170Amt

Gross Investment Income170 GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$269,852	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$445,129	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$576,439	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$2,384,572	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$2,422,526	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$6,098,518	TotalAmt

Unrelated Business Net Incm170 UnrelatedBusinessNetIncm170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$314,772	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$1,369,273	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$400,676	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$170,670	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$100,870	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$2,356,261	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Support	$73,123,424	TotalSupportAmt
Gross Receipts Rltd Activities	$411,991	GrossReceiptsRltdActivitiesAmt
First5 Years170	Yes (X)	First5Years170Ind

Form990 Schedule A Part VI Form990ScheduleAPartVIGrp (2 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc

ExplanationExplanationTxt

SCHEDULE A, PART II:

THE 2018 TAX YEAR WAS A SHORT TAX YEAR, AS IT WAS THE ORGANIZATION'S YEAR OF FORMATION.

SCHEDULE A, PART II:

THE ORGANIZATION IS EXCLUDING FROM SCHEDULE A, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (C) CONTRIBUTION REVENUE FROM IMPUTED INTEREST ON A $105,000,400 INTEREST-FREE LOAN FROM THE ORGANIZATION'S FOUNDER DUE IN FEBRUARY 2068. THE CONTRIBUTION REVENUE ARISING FROM THE IMPUTED INTEREST WAS NOT RECOGNIZED ON THE 2018 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FORM 990 (PREPARED ON A CASH BASIS), BUT RECOGNIZED ON THE 2019 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (PREPARED ON AN ACCRUAL BASIS) AS A CHANGE TO THE BEGINNING OF YEAR NET ASSETS. THE IMPUTED INTEREST CONTRIBUTION IS BEING EXCLUDED FROM SCHEDULE A, PART II, LINE 1 AS: (I) THE ORGANIZATION INTENDS ON PAYING THE ORGANIZATION BACK IN FULL, AND (II) THE AMOUNT RECORDED AS CONTRIBUTION REVENUE ARISING FROM IMPUTED INTEREST IS CALCULATED ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT THE LOAN WILL BE REPAID IN FEBRUARY 2068, WHILE THE ORGANIZATION INTENDS ON REPAYING THIS LOAN SOME TIME BEFORE THIS DATE; THUS, THE AMOUNT IS NOT FIXED AND DETERMINABLE.

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Contributor	RESTRICTED	ContributorNum

Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	RESTRICTED	BusinessNameLine1

Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	RESTRICTED	AddressLine1
Address Line2	RESTRICTED	AddressLine2
City	RESTRICTED	City
State	RESTRICTED	State
ZIP Code	RESTRICTED	ZIPCode

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Contributions	RESTRICTED	TotalContributionsAmt

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

Equipment EquipmentGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$293,163	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$95,537	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$197,626	BookValueAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Land Buildings	$197,626	TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt
Footnote Text	Yes (X)	FootnoteTextInd
Total Rev Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$20,924,396	TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Net Unrealized Gains Invst	-$1,928,820	NetUnrealizedGainsInvstAmt
Other Revenue	-$3,235,773	OtherRevenueAmt
Revenue Not Reported	-$5,164,593	RevenueNotReportedAmt
Revenue Subtotal	$26,088,989	RevenueSubtotalAmt
Other Revenues Not Included	-$24,770	OtherRevenuesNotIncludedAmt
Revenue Not Reported Fincl Stmt	-$24,770	RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt
Total Revenue Per Form990	$26,064,219	TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt
Tot Expns Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$30,480,191	TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Other Expenses Included	$24,770	OtherExpensesIncludedAmt
Expenses Not Reported	$24,770	ExpensesNotReportedAmt
Expenses Subtotal	$30,455,421	ExpensesSubtotalAmt
Expenses Not Rpt Fincl Stmt	$0	ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt
Total Expenses Per Form990	$30,455,421	TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (4 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
PART X, LINE 2:	THE FOUNDATION APPLIES THE PROVISIONS SET FORTH IN FASB ACCOUNTING STANDARDS CODIFICATION (ASC) TOPIC 740, INCOME TAXES, TO ACCOUNT FOR THE UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES. THE FOUNDATION ASSESSED ALL INCOME TAX POSITIONS TAKEN WHERE THE STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS REMAINS OPEN. EXAMPLES OF THESE TAX POSITIONS INCLUDE THE FOUNDATION'S TAX-EXEMPT STATUS AND POTENTIAL SOURCES OF UBTI. THE FOUNDATION BELIEVES THAT ITS TAX FILING POSITIONS WILL BE SUSTAINED UPON TAX EXAMINATIONS; THEREFORE, NO LIABILITY FOR UNRECOGNIZED INCOME TAX BENEFITS HAS BEEN RECORDED AT DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021.
PART XI, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	LOSS ON IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS -3,235,773.
PART XI, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	COST OF GOODS SOLD RE-CLASSED FROM EXPENSES -24,770.
PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	COST OF GOODS SOLD RE-CLASSED TO FORM 990, PART VIII 24,770.

Schedule J IRS990ScheduleJ

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Severance Payment	0	SeverancePaymentInd
Supplemental Nonqual Rtr Plan	0	SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd
Equity Based Comp Arrngm	0	EquityBasedCompArrngmInd
Comp Based On Revenue Of Flng Org	0	CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd On Rev Related Orgs	0	CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Flng Org	0	CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Rltd Orgs	0	CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd
Any Non Fixed Payments	Yes (1)	AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd
Initial Contract Exception	0	InitialContractExceptionInd

Rltd Org Officer Trst Key Empl RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp (7 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Base Compensation Filing OrgBaseCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Compensation Based On Rltd OrgsCompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmt	Bonus Filing OrganizationBonusFilingOrganizationAmount	Bonus Related OrganizationsBonusRelatedOrganizationsAmt	Other Compensation Filing OrgOtherCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Other Compensation Rltd OrgsOtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Deferred Compensation Flng OrgDeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmt	Deferred Comp Rltd OrgsDeferredCompRltdOrgsAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Filing OrgNontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Rltd OrgsNontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmt	Total Compensation Filing OrgTotalCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Total Compensation Rltd OrgsTotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Filing OrgCompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Rltd OrgsCompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt
JIM O'LEARY
VP, ENGINEERING	$386,250	$0	$280,659	$0	$0	$0	$20,500	$0	$12,843	$0	$700,252	$0	$0	$0
EHREN KRET
CHIEF TECHNOLOGY OFFICER	$385,250	$0	$280,659	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$8,557	$0	$674,466	$0	$0	$0
GRAEME CONNELL
SOFTWARE DEVELOPER	$257,500	$0	$187,106	$0	$0	$0	$19,720	$0	$15,488	$0	$479,814	$0	$0	$0
ARUNA HARDER
CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER	$257,500	$0	$187,106	$0	$0	$0	$20,500	$0	$0	$0	$465,106	$0	$0	$0
GREYSON PARRELLI
SOFTWARE DEVELOPER	$239,763	$0	$183,209	$0	$0	$0	$20,500	$0	$15,168	$0	$458,640	$0	$0	$0
JONATHAN CHAMBERS
SOFTWARE DEVELOPER	$237,872	$0	$182,723	$0	$0	$0	$20,300	$0	$8,046	$0	$448,941	$0	$0	$0
MEREDITH WHITTAKER
DIRECTOR / PRES OF SIGNAL MESSENGER	$115,057	$0	$76,172	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$6,032	$0	$197,261	$0	$0	$0

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (2 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
PART I, LINE 3	THE PRESIDENT OF SIGNAL TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION IS NOT COMPENSATED.
PART I, LINE 7	THE BONUS PAYMENTS REPORTED ON SCHEDULE J, PART II, COLUMN (B)(II) ARE CONSIDERED "NON-FIXED PAYMENTS" AS MANAGEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATION MAY EXERCISE DISCRETION AS TO WHETHER A BONUS SHOULD BE PAID AND/OR THE AMOUNT OF BONUS PAID.

Schedule L IRS990ScheduleL

Loans Btwn Org Interested Prsn LoansBtwnOrgInterestedPrsnGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person	BRIAN ACTON	PersonNm
Relationship With Org	PRESIDENT, SECRETARY, TREASURER, CEO	RelationshipWithOrgTxt
Loan Purpose	START-UP FUNDING	LoanPurposeTxt
Loan To Organization	Yes (X)	LoanToOrganizationInd
Original Principal	$105,000,400	OriginalPrincipalAmt
Balance Due	$32,081,381	BalanceDueAmt
Default	0	DefaultInd
Board Or Committee Approval	Yes (1)	BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd
Written Agreement	Yes (1)	WrittenAgreementInd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Balance Due	$32,081,381	TotalBalanceDueAmt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	SCHEDULE L, PART IV:	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	THE ORGANIZATION OBTAINED A 0% INTEREST, UNSECURED PROMISSORY NOTE FROM BRIAN ACTON (PRESIDENT, SECRETARY, AND TREASURER OF THE ORGANIZATION) WHICH IS PAYABLE ON THE 50-YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF THE DATE THE LOAN WAS ORIGINATED (FEBRUARY 28, 2018). FOR GAAP REPORTING PURPOSES, WHILE A PORTION OF THE LOAN HAS BEEN RE-CHARACTERIZED AS AN INHERENT CONTRIBUTION (AND THUS, THE LOAN ONLY REFLECTS AN END-OF-YEAR BOOK BALANCE OF $30,250,128 ON FORM 990, PART X, LINE 22 AND SCHEDULE L, PART IV, COLUMN (F)), NONE OF THE $105,000,400 ORIGINAL LOAN FACE-VALUE HAS BEEN PAID-OFF AS OF 12/31/2022.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (8 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 6	THE ORGANIZATION HAS ONE SOLE MEMBER, BRIAN ACTON, WHO IS ALSO DIRECTOR, PRESIDENT, SECRETARY/TREASURER, AND CEO OF THE ORGANIZATION.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7A	THE ORGANIZATION'S SOLE MEMBER HAS THE EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO ELECT ANY DIRECTOR.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7B	THE MEMBER OF THE CORPORATION HAS THE FOLLOWING RIGHTS, AS SET FORTH BY THE BYLAWS: (I) THE EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO ELECT ANY DIRECTOR AND TO SET THE NUMBER OF AUTHORIZED DIRECTORS; (II) THE RIGHT TO REMOVE A DIRECTOR; (III) THE RIGHT TO VOTE ON ANY SALE, LEASE, TRANSFER, OR OTHER DISPOSITION OF ALL OR SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE ASSETS OR PROPERTIES OF THIS CORPORATION; (IV) THE RIGHT TO VOTE ON ANY MERGER OF THIS CORPORATION, BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT REQUIRED BY THE DELAWARE GENERAL CORPORATION LAW; (V) THE RIGHT TO VOTE ON THE DISSOLUTION OF THIS CORPORATION; (VI) THE RIGHT TO VOTE ON THE AMENDMENT OR REPEAL OF THE BYLAWS; (VII) THE RIGHT TO VOTE ON ANY AMENDMENT TO THE CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION; AND (VIII) THE RIGHT TO VOTE ON ANY OTHER MATTERS THAT MAY PROPERLY BE PRESENTED TO THE MEMBERS FOR A VOTE, PURSUANT TO THIS CORPORATION'S CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION, BYLAWS, OR ACTION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS, OR BY OPERATION OF LAW.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B	THE FORM 990 IS PREPARED BY AN INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANT IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE ORGANIZATION'S COO. THE COO THEN REVIEWS A DRAFT OF THE FORM 990 IN DETAIL; ADJUSTMENTS ARE MADE, AS NECESSARY. THE FORM 990 IS THEN MADE AVAILABLE TO ALL MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS PRIOR TO FILING WITH THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C	ALL OFFICERS, MANAGEMENT, CONTRIBUTORS, OR EMPLOYEES OF SIGNAL FOUNDATION OR SIGNAL MESSENGER, LLC (A SINGLE-MEMBER LLC WHOLLY OWNED BY SIGNAL FOUNDATION AND DISREGARDED FOR FEDERAL TAX PURPOSES) ARE COVERED BY THE ORGANIZATION'S CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY. EACH DIRECTOR, OFFICER, AND KEY EMPLOYEE OF SIGNAL HAS RECEIVED A COPY OF THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY THAT GOVERNS SIGNAL. DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST ARE MADE TO MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL MATERIAL FACTS RELEVANT TO A TRANSACTION. THE BOARD, IN THE ABSENCE OF THE CONFLICTED INDIVIDUAL, DETERMINES (BY MAJORITY VOTE) WHETHER THE INTEREST CONSTITUTES A CONFLICT OF INTEREST, AND IF SO, WHETHER THE TRANSACTION IS NEVERTHELESS IN SIGNAL'S BEST INTEREST, FOR ITS OWN BENEFIT, AND FAIR AND REASONABLE TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE RELEVANT INFORMATION AND FACTS.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15B	FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15A HAS BEEN ANSWERED "NO" AS THE PRESIDENT OF SIGNAL TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION IS NOT COMPENSATED. SALARY SURVEYS OF COMPARABLE ORGANIZATIONS ARE PERFORMED TO DETERMINE THE COMPENSATION OF THE OTHER OFFICERS AND KEY EMPLOYEES OF THE ORGANIZATION. COMPENSATION CONTRACTS AND AGREEMENTS ARE REVIEWED ANNUALLY BY INDEPENDENT MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19	THE ORGANIZATION'S FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AND GOVERNING DOCUMENTS ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST.
FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9:	LOSS ON IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS -3,235,773.

Schedule R IRS990ScheduleR

Id Disregarded Entities IdDisregardedEntitiesGrp

Disregarded Entity Name DisregardedEntityName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	SIGNAL MESSENGER LLC	BusinessNameLine1Txt

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	650 CASTRO STREET SUITE 120-223	AddressLine1Txt
City	MOUNTAIN VIEW	CityNm
State Abbreviation	CA	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	94041	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
EIN	824517054	EIN
Primary Activities	SIGNAL MESSENGER TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT/SUPPORT	PrimaryActivitiesTxt
Legal Domicile State	DE	LegalDomicileStateCd
Total Income	$230,082	TotalIncomeAmt
End Of Year Assets	$7,042,732	EndOfYearAssetsAmt

Direct Controlling Entity Name DirectControllingEntityName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	SIGNAL TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION	BusinessNameLine1Txt