BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION: Form 990, tax year 2021

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization: BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION (EIN 23-7337229)
Tax period: 2021-04-01 to 2022-03-31
Filed: 2022-08-04
IRS object ID: 202202169349300015
Schema version: 2021v4.2
Source: Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header
Form 990
Schedule A
Schedule B
Schedule C
Schedule D
Schedule F
Schedule G
Schedule I
Schedule J
Schedule M
Schedule O
Schedule R

Return header ReturnHeader

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return	2022-08-04T08:24:43-05:00	ReturnTs
Tax Period End	2022-03-31	TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN	111986323	PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	MARCUM LLP	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	1899 L STREET NW SUITE 850	AddressLine1Txt
City	WASHINGTON	CityNm
State Abbreviation	DC	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20036	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return Type	990	ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin	2021-04-01	TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
EIN	237337229	EIN

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Control	BRIG	BusinessNameControlTxt
Phone	3019483244	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	AddressLine1Txt
City	CLARKSBURG	CityNm
State Abbreviation	MD	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20871	ZIPCd

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person	STACY PAGOS HALLER	PersonNm
Person Title	PRESIDENT/CEO	PersonTitleTxt
Phone	3019483244	PhoneNum
Signature	2022-08-03	SignatureDt
Discuss With Paid Preparer	Yes (1)	DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd

Signing Officer SigningOfficerGrp

Person Full Name PersonFullName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person First	STACY	PersonFirstNm
Person Last	PAGOS HALLER	PersonLastNm

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
SSN	XXX-XX-XXXX	SSN

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Person	FRANK H SMITH	PreparerPersonNm
PTIN	P00639053	PTIN
Phone	2022274000	PhoneNum

Additional Filer Information AdditionalFilerInformation

Trusted Customer TrustedCustomerGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Trusted Customer	3	TrustedCustomerCd
Authentication Assurance Level	AAL1	AuthenticationAssuranceLevelCd
Identity Assurance Level	IAL1	IdentityAssuranceLevelCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Tax	2021	TaxYr
Build TS	2022-09-23 18:48:47Z	BuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Principal Officer	STACY PAGOS HALLER	PrincipalOfficerNm

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	AddressLine1Txt
City	CLARKSBURG	CityNm
State Abbreviation	MD	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20871	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts	$68,033,506	GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For Affiliates	0	GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3	Yes (X)	Organization501c3Ind
Website Address	WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG	WebsiteAddressTxt
Type Of Organization Corp	Yes (X)	TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Formation	1973	FormationYr
Legal Domicile State	DC	LegalDomicileStateCd
Activity Or Mission	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION (BRIGHTFOCUS) SEEKS A WORLD FREE FROM DISEASES OF MIND AND SIGHT.	ActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body	11	VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent	11	VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee	66	TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Volunteers	70	TotalVolunteersCnt
Total Gross UBI	$0	TotalGrossUBIAmt
Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm	$0	NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt
PY Contributions Grants	$48,502,473	PYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Contributions Grants	$46,522,410	CYContributionsGrantsAmt
PY Program Service Revenue	$0	PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
CY Program Service Revenue	$0	CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
PY Investment Income	$1,768,676	PYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Investment Income	$3,244,235	CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
PY Other Revenue	$975,243	PYOtherRevenueAmt
CY Other Revenue	$991,083	CYOtherRevenueAmt
PY Total Revenue	$51,246,392	PYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue	$50,757,728	CYTotalRevenueAmt
PY Grants And Similar Paid	$25,256,371	PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid	$23,651,211	CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
PY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$5,801,548	PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$5,534,304	CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$738,435	PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$798,203	CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense	$9,847,110	CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
PY Other Expenses	$20,436,021	PYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Other Expenses	$24,073,639	CYOtherExpensesAmt
PY Total Expenses	$52,232,375	PYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses	$54,057,357	CYTotalExpensesAmt
PY Revenues Less Expenses	-$985,983	PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses	-$3,299,629	CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY	$66,476,749	TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY	$65,540,964	TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY	$33,442,032	TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY	$36,521,089	TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY	$33,034,717	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY	$29,019,875	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
Info In Schedule O Part III	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartIIIInd
Mission	BRIGHTFOCUS FUNDS EXCEPTIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WORLDWIDE TO DEFEAT ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA AND PROVIDES EXPERT INFORMATION ON THESE HEARTBREAKING DISEASES. PLEASE REFER TO SCHEDULE O FOR A COMPLETE OVERVIEW OF OUR MISSION.	MissionDesc
Significant New Program Srvc	0	SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant Change	0	SignificantChangeInd
Expense	$24,808,686	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$13,577,827	GrantAmt
Desc	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH (ADR)PLEASE REFER TO SCHEDULE O FOR A COMPLETE DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH.	Desc

Prog Srvc Accom Acty2 ProgSrvcAccomActy2Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Expense	$10,835,704	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$6,533,700	GrantAmt
Desc	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH (MDR)PLEASE REFER TO SCHEDULE O FOR A COMPLETE DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS FOR MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH.	Desc

Prog Srvc Accom Acty3 ProgSrvcAccomActy3Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Expense	$4,530,788	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$3,539,684	GrantAmt
Desc	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH (NGR) PLEASE REFER TO SCHEDULE O FOR A COMPLETE DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS FOR NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH.	Desc

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Program Service Expenses	$40,175,178	TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3	Yes (1)	DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign Acty	0	PoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying Activities	Yes (1)	LobbyingActivitiesInd
Subject To Proxy Tax	0	SubjectToProxyTaxInd
Donor Advised Fund	0	DonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation Easements	0	ConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of Art	0	CollectionsOfArtInd
Credit Counseling	0	CreditCounselingInd
Donor Rstr Or Quasi Endowments	Yes (1)	DonorRstrOrQuasiEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building Equipment	Yes (1)	ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other Sec	0	ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related Invst	0	ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other Assets	0	ReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other Liabilities	Yes (1)	ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 Footnote	Yes (1)	IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl Stmt	0	IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt	Yes (1)	ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School Operating	0	SchoolOperatingInd
Foreign Office	0	ForeignOfficeInd
Foreign Activities	Yes (1)	ForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To Org	Yes (1)	MoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To Individuals	0	MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional Fundraising	Yes (1)	ProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising Activities	0	FundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming Activities	0	GamingActivitiesInd
Operate Hospital	0	OperateHospitalInd
Grants To Organizations	Yes (1)	GrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To Individuals	0	GrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt Bonds	0	TaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans	0	EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit Trans	0	PYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan Outstanding	0	LoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related Person	0	GrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org Mem	0	BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam Mem	0	BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With35 Ctrl Ent	0	BusinessRlnWith35CtrlEntInd
Deductible Non Cash Contri	Yes (1)	DeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art Contribution	0	DeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate Operations	0	TerminateOperationsInd
Partial Liquidation	0	PartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded Entity	Yes (1)	DisregardedEntityInd
Related Entity	0	RelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl Ent	0	RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org	0	TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted Prtshp	0	ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleORequiredInd
IRP Document	176	IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G	0	IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Backup Wthld Compliance	Yes (1)	BackupWthldComplianceInd
Employee	66	EmployeeCnt
Employment Tax Returns Filed	Yes (1)	EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd
Unrelated Bus Incm Over Limit	0	UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Foreign Financial Account	0	ForeignFinancialAccountInd
Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans	0	ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party Notification	0	TaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible Contributions	0	NondeductibleContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contributions	0	QuidProQuoContributionsInd
Form8282 Property Disposed Of	Yes (1)	Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd
Form8282 Filed	1	Form8282FiledCnt
Rcv Fnds To Pay Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	0	RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Pay Premiums Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	0	PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Indoor Tanning Services	0	IndoorTanningServicesInd
Subj To Tax Rmnrtn Ex Prcht Pymt	0	SubjToTaxRmnrtnExPrchtPymtInd
Subject To Excs Tax Net Invst Inc	0	SubjectToExcsTaxNetInvstIncInd
Info In Schedule O Part VI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd
Governing Body Voting Members	11	GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member	11	IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business Rln	0	FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt Duties	0	DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org Documents	0	ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or Misuse	0	MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or Stockholders	0	MembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board Members	0	ElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To Approva	0	DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing Body	Yes (1)	MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of Committees	Yes (1)	MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing Address	0	OfficerMailingAddressInd
Local Chapters	0	LocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn Body	Yes (1)	Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest Policy	Yes (1)	ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Annual Disclosure Covered Prsn	Yes (1)	AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd
Regular Monitoring Enfrc	Yes (1)	RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd
Whistleblower Policy	Yes (1)	WhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention Policy	Yes (1)	DocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEO	Yes (1)	CompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process Other	Yes (1)	CompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint Venture	0	InvestmentInJointVentureInd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AK	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AR	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	CA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	CT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	FL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	GA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	HI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	IL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	KS	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	KY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	ME	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MD	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MO	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MS	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	ND	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NH	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NJ	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NM	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OH	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OK	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OR	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	PA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	RI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	SC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	TN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	UT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	VA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WV	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
Own Website	Yes (X)	OwnWebsiteInd
Other Website	Yes (X)	OtherWebsiteInd
Upon Request	Yes (X)	UponRequestInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	DAVID F MARKS CPA CMA	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Phone	3019483244	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	AddressLine1Txt
City	CLARKSBURG	CityNm
State Abbreviation	MD	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20871	ZIPCd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (23 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Average Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRt	OfficerOfficerInd	Reportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmt	Reportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt	Other CompensationOtherCompensationAmt	Key EmployeeKeyEmployeeInd	Highest Compensated EmployeeHighestCompensatedEmployeeInd	Individual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd
STACY PAGOS HALLER
PRESIDENT/CEO	55.00	Yes (X)	$435,364	$0	$51,027
NANCY LYNN
SR. VP STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS	45.00		$246,054	$0	$53,950	Yes (X)
R BRIAN ELDERTON
SR. VP, DEVELOPMENT	45.00		$247,200	$0	$46,416	Yes (X)
DAVID F MARKS CPA CMA
VP, FINANCE & ADMINISTRATION	45.00		$165,137	$0	$56,529	Yes (X)
DIANE BOVENKAMP PHD
VP, SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS	45.00		$179,717	$0	$20,889	Yes (X)
MICHAEL BUCKLEY
VP, PUBLIC AFFAIRS	45.00		$163,018	$0	$18,661	Yes (X)
AYO ABRAHAM CPA
CONTROLLER	40.00		$140,557	$0	$8,353		Yes (X)
JEFFREY HONAKER
SR. MANAGER OPERATIONS & BUILDING	40.00		$104,049	$0	$38,719		Yes (X)
LISA MORGAN
DIRECTOR OF ANNUAL GIVING	40.00		$106,425	$0	$30,773		Yes (X)
PREETI SUBRAMANIAN DIR OF
SCIENT. PROGRAMS, VISION SCIENCE	40.00		$111,447	$0	$10,629		Yes (X)
PATRICIA M STEWART
CHAIR	10.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
CECILIA ARRADAZA
VICE CHAIR	5.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
MADDY DYCHTWALD
SECRETARY	5.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
ETHAN TREESE
TREASURER	5.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
EDWARD FINLEY
DIRECTOR	5.00		$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
SHAWA GOTTLIEB
DIRECTOR	5.00		$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
DANA GRIFFIN
DIRECTOR	5.00		$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
SCOTT KAISER MD
DIRECTOR	5.00		$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
TONYA MATTHEWS PHD
DIRECTOR	5.00		$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
BRIAN K REGAN PHD
DIRECTOR - UNTIL 06/2021	5.00		$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
SCOTT RODGVILLE CPA
DIRECTOR - UNTIL 06/2021	5.00		$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
ERIC SIEMERS MD
DIRECTOR	5.00		$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)
JAN M STOUFFER PHD
DIRECTOR	5.00		$0	$0	$0			Yes (X)

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Reportable Comp From Org	$1,898,968	TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt
Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org	$0	TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt
Total Other Compensation	$335,946	TotalOtherCompensationAmt
Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K	10	IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Former Ofcr Employees Listed	0	FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 K	Yes (1)	TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other Srcs	0	CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd

Contractor Compensation ContractorCompensationGrp (5 entries)

Address Line1ContractorAddress/USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityContractorAddress/USAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationContractorAddress/USAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPContractorAddress/USAddress/ZIPCd	ServicesServicesDesc	CompensationCompensationAmt
RKD GROUP
35 PARKWOOD DRIVE SUITE 160	HOPKINTON	MA	01748	PUBLIC AWARENESS CONSUL. & MATERIALS	$9,417,726
ALLEGIANCE GROUP
2300 CLARENDON BLVD SUITE 925	ARLINGTON	VA	22201	ONLINE PUBLIC AWARENESS CONSULTING	$628,947
ADSTRA LLC
750 COLLEGE ROAD EAST SUITE 201	PRINCETON	NJ	08540	LIST RENTAL	$505,173
DATA MANAGEMENT INC
160 STONE STREET	STONEVILLE	NC	27048	DATABASE MANAGEMENT	$294,513
GOOGLE
1600 AMPHITHEATRE PARKWAY	MOUNTAIN VIEW	CA	94043	PUBLIC AWARENESS ADVERTISING	$277,994

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K	17	CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Federated Campaigns	$255,977	FederatedCampaignsAmt
All Other Contributions	$46,266,433	AllOtherContributionsAmt
Noncash Contributions	$337,480	NoncashContributionsAmt
Total Contributions	$46,522,410	TotalContributionsAmt

Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$1,038,513	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$1,038,513	ExclusionAmt

Royalties Revenue RoyaltiesRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$440,595	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$440,595	ExclusionAmt

Gross Rents GrossRentsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Real	$595,253	RealAmt

Less Rental Expenses LessRentalExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Real	$52,265	RealAmt

Rental Income Or Loss RentalIncomeOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Real	$542,988	RealAmt

Net Rental Income Or Loss NetRentalIncomeOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$542,988	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$542,988	ExclusionAmt

Gross Amount Sales Assets GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$19,429,235	SecuritiesAmt

Less Cost Oth Basis Sales Expnss LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$17,223,513	SecuritiesAmt

Gain Or Loss GainOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$2,205,722	SecuritiesAmt

Net Gain Or Loss Investments NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$2,205,722	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$2,205,722	ExclusionAmt

Other Revenue Misc OtherRevenueMiscGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Desc	SAVINGS BOND PAYOUT	Desc
Business	900099	BusinessCd
Total Revenue Column	$7,500	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$7,500	ExclusionAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Revenue Total	$7,500	OtherRevenueTotalAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$50,757,728	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$4,235,318	ExclusionAmt

Grants To Domestic Orgs GrantsToDomesticOrgsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$18,193,252	TotalAmt
Program Services	$18,193,252	ProgramServicesAmt

Foreign Grants ForeignGrantsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$5,457,959	TotalAmt
Program Services	$5,457,959	ProgramServicesAmt

Comp Current Ofcr Directors CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,685,216	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,079,340	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$339,220	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$266,656	FundraisingAmt

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$2,758,048	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,435,538	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$890,977	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$431,533	FundraisingAmt

Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributionsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$186,521	TotalAmt
Program Services	$97,082	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$60,255	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$29,184	FundraisingAmt

Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefitsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$606,087	TotalAmt
Program Services	$315,463	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$195,794	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$94,830	FundraisingAmt

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$298,432	TotalAmt
Program Services	$155,331	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$96,407	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$46,694	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$90,920	TotalAmt
Program Services	$47,447	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$43,473	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$95,713	TotalAmt
Program Services	$57,550	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$26,236	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$11,927	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Prof Fundraising FeesForServicesProfFundraising

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$798,203	TotalAmt
Fundraising	$798,203	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Srvc Invst Mgmnt Fees FeesForSrvcInvstMgmntFeesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$351,028	TotalAmt
Management And General	$351,028	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOtherGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$2,261,900	TotalAmt
Program Services	$2,002,855	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$194,077	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$64,968	FundraisingAmt

Advertising AdvertisingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$672,932	TotalAmt
Program Services	$352,899	ProgramServicesAmt
Fundraising	$320,033	FundraisingAmt

Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,060,023	TotalAmt
Program Services	$464,160	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$327,500	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$268,363	FundraisingAmt

Information Technology InformationTechnologyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,162,877	TotalAmt
Program Services	$868,504	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$200,947	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$93,426	FundraisingAmt

Occupancy OccupancyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$434,794	TotalAmt
Program Services	$255,882	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$137,124	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$41,788	FundraisingAmt

Travel TravelGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$67,731	TotalAmt
Program Services	$32,444	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$21,805	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$13,482	FundraisingAmt

Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$414,029	TotalAmt
Program Services	$298,650	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$3,800	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$111,579	FundraisingAmt

Interest InterestGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$2,448	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,441	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$772	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$235	FundraisingAmt

Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletionGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$308,229	TotalAmt
Program Services	$177,938	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$94,428	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$35,863	FundraisingAmt

Insurance InsuranceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$97,527	TotalAmt
Program Services	$32,086	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$56,840	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$8,601	FundraisingAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)

DescDesc	TotalTotalAmt	Program ServicesProgramServicesAmt	Management And GeneralManagementAndGeneralAmt	FundraisingFundraisingAmt
PUB. AWARENESS POSTAGE	$7,664,190	$3,958,244	$484,631	$3,221,315
PUB. AWARENESS PRINTING	$5,671,895	$2,947,419	$324,318	$2,400,158
PUB. AWARENESS COMP.	$2,017,247	$1,058,022	$102,867	$856,358
LIST RENTAL	$1,700,156	$885,672	$82,570	$731,914

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$54,057,357	TotalAmt
Program Services	$40,175,178	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$4,035,069	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$9,847,110	FundraisingAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Joint Costs	Yes (X)	JointCostsInd

Total Joint Costs TotalJointCostsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$16,603,523	TotalAmt
Program Services	$7,872,444	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$1,050,335	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$7,680,744	FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$3,829,911	BOYAmt
EOY	$138,432	EOYAmt

Savings And Temp Cash Invst SavingsAndTempCashInvstGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$621,981	BOYAmt
EOY	$4,940,634	EOYAmt

Pledges And Grants Receivable PledgesAndGrantsReceivableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$10,272,457	BOYAmt
EOY	$6,568,692	EOYAmt

Inventories For Sale Or Use InventoriesForSaleOrUseGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$44,354	BOYAmt
EOY	$37,046	EOYAmt

Prepaid Expenses Defrd Charges PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$204,913	BOYAmt
EOY	$322,345	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss	$12,764,795	LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt
Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec	$4,603,680	LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt

Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$7,830,979	BOYAmt
EOY	$8,161,115	EOYAmt

Investments Pub Traded Sec InvestmentsPubTradedSecGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$43,404,279	BOYAmt
EOY	$45,203,665	EOYAmt

Other Assets Total OtherAssetsTotalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$267,875	BOYAmt
EOY	$169,035	EOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$66,476,749	BOYAmt
EOY	$65,540,964	EOYAmt

Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$871,196	BOYAmt
EOY	$862,205	EOYAmt

Grants Payable GrantsPayableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$31,618,962	BOYAmt
EOY	$34,865,851	EOYAmt

Other Liabilities OtherLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$951,874	BOYAmt
EOY	$793,033	EOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$33,442,032	BOYAmt
EOY	$36,521,089	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Organization Follows FASB117	Yes (X)	OrganizationFollowsFASB117Ind

No Donor Restriction Net Assets NoDonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$15,708,243	BOYAmt
EOY	$13,864,090	EOYAmt

Donor Restriction Net Assets DonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$17,326,474	BOYAmt
EOY	$15,155,785	EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$33,034,717	BOYAmt
EOY	$29,019,875	EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$66,476,749	BOYAmt
EOY	$65,540,964	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Info In Schedule O Part XI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartXIInd
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss	-$3,299,629	ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Net Unrlzd Gains Losses Invst	-$1,605,810	NetUnrlzdGainsLossesInvstAmt
Other Changes In Net Assets	$890,597	OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt
Method Of Accounting Accrual	Yes (X)	MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd
Accountant Compile Or Review	0	AccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS Audited	Yes (1)	FSAuditedInd

FS Audited Basis FSAuditedBasisGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Consolidated Basis Fincl Stmt	Yes (X)	ConsolidatedBasisFinclStmtInd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Audit Committee	Yes (1)	AuditCommitteeInd
Federal Grant Audit Required	0	FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Public Organization170	Yes (X)	PublicOrganization170Ind

Gifts Grants Contri Rcvd170 GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$32,362,197	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$39,635,190	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$35,740,875	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$48,502,473	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$46,522,410	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$202,763,145	TotalAmt

Total Calendar Year170 TotalCalendarYear170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$32,362,197	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$39,635,190	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$35,740,875	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$48,502,473	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$46,522,410	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$202,763,145	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Substantial Contributors Tot	$711,894	SubstantialContributorsTotAmt
Public Support Total170	$202,051,251	PublicSupportTotal170Amt

Gross Investment Income170 GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$1,641,767	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$1,925,519	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$2,176,998	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$1,887,633	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$2,074,361	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$9,706,278	TotalAmt

Other Income170 OtherIncome170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year	$7,500	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$7,500	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Support	$212,476,923	TotalSupportAmt
Public Support CY170	0.95090	PublicSupportCY170Pct
Public Support PY170	0.95240	PublicSupportPY170Pct
Thirty Thr Pct Suprt Tests CY170	Yes (X)	ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY170Ind

Form990 Schedule A Part VI Form990ScheduleAPartVIGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	SCHEDULE A, PART II, LINE 10, EXPLANATION OF OTHER INCOME:	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	SAVINGS BOND PAYOUT - 2021 AMOUNT: $ 7,500.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Contributor	RESTRICTED	ContributorNum

Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	RESTRICTED	BusinessNameLine1

Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	RESTRICTED	AddressLine1
Address Line2	RESTRICTED	AddressLine2
City	RESTRICTED	City
State	RESTRICTED	State
ZIP Code	RESTRICTED	ZIPCode

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Contributions	RESTRICTED	TotalContributionsAmt

Schedule C IRS990ScheduleC

Total Grassroots Lobbying TotalGrassrootsLobbyingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Total Direct Lobbying TotalDirectLobbyingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Total Lobbying Expend TotalLobbyingExpendGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Other Exempt Purpose Expend OtherExemptPurposeExpendGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$53,259,153	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Total Exempt Purpose Expend TotalExemptPurposeExpendGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$53,259,153	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Lobbying Nontaxable Amount LobbyingNontaxableAmountGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$1,000,000	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Grassroots Nontaxable GrassrootsNontaxableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$250,000	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Tot Lbbyng Grassroot Mns Non Tx TotLbbyngGrassrootMnsNonTxGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Tot Lbby Expend Mns Lbbyng Non Tx TotLbbyExpendMnsLbbyngNonTxGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Avg Lobbying Nontaxable Amount AvgLobbyingNontaxableAmountGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Year Minus3	$1,000,000	CurrentYearMinus3Amt
Current Year Minus2	$1,000,000	CurrentYearMinus2Amt
Current Year Minus1	$1,000,000	CurrentYearMinus1Amt
Current Year	$1,000,000	CurrentYearAmt
Total	$4,000,000	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Lobbying Ceiling	$6,000,000	LobbyingCeilingAmt

Avg Grassroots Nontaxable AvgGrassrootsNontaxableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Year Minus3	$250,000	CurrentYearMinus3Amt
Current Year Minus2	$250,000	CurrentYearMinus2Amt
Current Year Minus1	$250,000	CurrentYearMinus1Amt
Current Year	$250,000	CurrentYearAmt
Total	$1,000,000	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grassroots Ceiling	$1,500,000	GrassrootsCeilingAmt

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

CY Endwmt Fund CYEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$302,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$36,634	ContributionsAmt
Investment Earnings Or Losses	$23,000	InvestmentEarningsOrLossesAmt
Other Expenditures	$36,634	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$325,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus1 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus1YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$302,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$14,744	ContributionsAmt
Other Expenditures	$14,744	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$302,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus2 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus2YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$302,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$14,778	ContributionsAmt
Other Expenditures	$14,778	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$302,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus3 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus3YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$320,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$14,385	ContributionsAmt
Investment Earnings Or Losses	-$18,000	InvestmentEarningsOrLossesAmt
Other Expenditures	$14,385	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$302,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus4 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus4YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$90,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$234,806	ContributionsAmt
Investment Earnings Or Losses	$10,000	InvestmentEarningsOrLossesAmt
Other Expenditures	$14,806	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$320,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Board Designated Balance EOY	0.00000	BoardDesignatedBalanceEOYPct
Prmnnt Endowment Balance EOY	1.00000	PrmnntEndowmentBalanceEOYPct
Term Endowment Balance EOY	0.00000	TermEndowmentBalanceEOYPct
Endowments Held Unrelated Org	Yes (1)	EndowmentsHeldUnrelatedOrgInd
Endowments Held Related Org	0	EndowmentsHeldRelatedOrgInd

Land LandGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Investment Cost Or Other Basis	$2,800,000	InvestmentCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$1,147,363	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Book Value	$3,947,363	BookValueAmt

Buildings BuildingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Investment Cost Or Other Basis	$1,629,400	InvestmentCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$5,271,548	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$3,843,645	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$3,057,303	BookValueAmt

Equipment EquipmentGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$1,699,731	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$585,469	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$1,114,262	BookValueAmt

Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$216,753	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$174,566	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$42,187	BookValueAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Land Buildings	$8,161,115	TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt

Other Liabilities Org OtherLiabilitiesOrgGrp (3 entries)

DescDesc	AmtAmt
CHARITABLE GIFT ANNUITIES	$756,074
RENTAL DEPOSITS	$25,000
CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS	$11,959

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Liability	$793,033	TotalLiabilityAmt
Footnote Text	Yes (X)	FootnoteTextInd
Total Rev Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$61,811,216	TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Net Unrealized Gains Invst	-$1,605,810	NetUnrealizedGainsInvstAmt
Donated Services And Use Fclts	$12,439,938	DonatedServicesAndUseFcltsAmt
Recoveries Prior Year Grants	$528,609	RecoveriesPriorYearGrantsAmt
Revenue Not Reported	$11,362,737	RevenueNotReportedAmt
Revenue Subtotal	$50,448,479	RevenueSubtotalAmt
Investment Expenses Not Incld	$351,028	InvestmentExpensesNotIncldAmt
Other Revenues Not Included	-$41,779	OtherRevenuesNotIncludedAmt
Revenue Not Reported Fincl Stmt	$309,249	RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt
Total Revenue Per Form990	$50,757,728	TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt
Tot Expns Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$65,826,058	TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Donated Services Use Fclts	$12,439,938	DonatedServicesUseFcltsAmt
Expenses Not Reported	$12,439,938	ExpensesNotReportedAmt
Expenses Subtotal	$53,386,120	ExpensesSubtotalAmt
Investment Expenses Not Incld2	$351,028	InvestmentExpensesNotIncld2Amt
Other Expenses Not Included	$320,209	OtherExpensesNotIncludedAmt
Expenses Not Rpt Fincl Stmt	$671,237	ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt
Total Expenses Per Form990	$54,057,357	TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (4 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
PART V, LINE 4:	THE EARNINGS ON THIS ENDOWMENT ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH PROGRAM, ARE RECORDED AS TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED INVESTMENT INCOME, AND ARE RELEASED AS SPENT.
PART X, LINE 2:	BRIGHTFOCUS PERFORMED AN EVALUATION OF UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2022, AND DETERMINED THAT THERE WERE NO MATTERS THAT WOULD REQUIRE RECOGNITION IN THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OR THAT MAY HAVE ANY EFFECT ON ITS TAX-EXEMPT STATUS.
PART XI, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	DEPRECIATION OF RENTAL PROPERTY -41,779.
PART XII, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	DEPRECIATION ON RENTAL PROPERTY -41,779. CHANGE IN PRESENT VALUE OF GRANTS 361,988.

Schedule F IRS990ScheduleF

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grant Records Maintained	Yes (1)	GrantRecordsMaintainedInd

Account Activities Outside US AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp (4 entries)

RegionRegionTxt	Type Of Activities ConductedTypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt	Region Total ExpendituresRegionTotalExpendituresAmt
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	GRANTMAKING	$347,083
EUROPE	GRANTMAKING	$3,167,829
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA - ALGERIA, BAHRAIN, DJIBOUTI, EGYPT,	GRANTMAKING	$600,000
NORTH AMERICA - CANADA AND MEXICO, BUT NOT THE UNITED STATES	GRANTMAKING	$1,343,047

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Subtotal Offices	0	SubtotalOfficesCnt
Subtotal Employees	0	SubtotalEmployeesCnt
Continuation Total Office	0	ContinuationTotalOfficeCnt
Continuation Total Employee	0	ContinuationTotalEmployeeCnt
Total Office	0	TotalOfficeCnt
Total Employee	0	TotalEmployeeCnt
Subtotal Spent	$5,457,959	SubtotalSpentAmt
Continuation Spent	$0	ContinuationSpentAmt
Total Spent	$5,457,959	TotalSpentAmt

Grants To Org Outside US GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp (21 entries)

RegionRegionTxt	Purpose Of GrantPurposeOfGrantTxt	Cash GrantCashGrantAmt	Manner Of Cash DisbursementMannerOfCashDisbursementTxt	Non Cash AssistanceNonCashAssistanceAmt
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LAIA MONTOLIU-GAYA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022015F)	$200,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
NORTH AMERICA	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RES. BY CHRISTOPHER MORRONE, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022016F)	$200,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SANDRA O. TOME, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022019F)	$200,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KRISTIE STEFANOSKA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022022F)	$199,034	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LARISSA TRAXLER, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022024F)	$200,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY URI ASHERY, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022029S)	$300,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SAMUEL BARNES, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022030S)	$299,715	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RES. BY MARTA CORTES-CANTELI, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022034S)	$300,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY YUVAL DOR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022035S)	$300,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
NORTH AMERICA	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SUE-ANN MOK, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022044S)	$299,851	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DOMINIK PAQUET, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022045S)	$300,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
NORTH AMERICA	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CARLOS RONCERO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022046S)	$243,196	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CARLOS SAURA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022047S)	$300,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DR. GAELLE CHETELAT ENTITLED: (CA2021013)	$68,278	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RES. BY EMMANUELLE SOUZEAU, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022002F)	$148,049	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MARCO FELIGIONI, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022015S)	$200,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY NICOLE NOEL, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022002F)	$199,998	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY LUCIA CELKOVA, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022004F)	$200,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY YARA LECHANTEUR, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022013N)	$449,838	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
NORTH AMERICA	MACULAR DEGENERATION RES. BY PRZEMYSLAW SAPIEHA, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022015I)	$600,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY WEN HWA LEE, PHD, ENTITLED: (CM2022002)	$250,000	WIRE TRANSFER	$0

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total501c3 Org	21	Total501c3OrgCnt
Total Other Org	0	TotalOtherOrgCnt
Transfer To Foreign Corp	0	TransferToForeignCorpInd
Interest In Foreign Trust	0	InterestInForeignTrustInd
Foreign Corp Ownership	0	ForeignCorpOwnershipInd
Passive Foreign Investmest Co	0	PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd
Foreign Partnership	0	ForeignPartnershipInd
Boycott Countries	0	BoycottCountriesInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (4 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
PART I, LINE 2:	BRIGHTFOCUS INTERACTS WITH ALL GRANTEES AT LEAST QUARTERLY BY E-MAIL OR AT SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS. IN ADDITION TO THESE INTERACTIONS, EACH GRANT RECIPIENT IS REQUIRED TO SUBMIT SEPARATE DETAILED ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND FINANCIAL REPORTS TO BRIGHTFOCUS. THESE ARE RECEIVED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT, AND REVIEWED BY SCIENTIFIC STAFF WITH BROAD EXPERTISE, INCLUDING IMAGING, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND SIGNALING PATHWAYS, CELL BIOLOGY, ANGIOGENESIS, BIOCHEMISTRY, NEUROSCIENCE, AND GENETICS. SENIOR STAFF REVIEWS EACH PROGRESS REPORT AND EVALUATES THE PROJECT FOR SUFFICIENT PROGRESS TOWARDS THE SPECIFIC AIMS PROPOSED IN THE ORIGINAL APPLICATION OR ANY BUDGETARY CONCERNS. THIS EFFORT IS SUPPORTED BY ADDITIONAL SCIENTIFIC COUNSEL FROM MEMBERS OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC REVIEW COMMITTEES, WHEN REQUIRED. IN ADDITION TO STATEMENTS OF EXPERIMENTAL PROGRESS, ALL GRANTEES ARE ASKED TO REPORT ANY TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS, MEDIA REPORTS, OR PATENT APPLICATIONS IN WHICH BRIGHTFOCUS-SPONSORED RESEARCH IS DESCRIBED. IF SIGNIFICANT CONCERNS RELATED TO PROGRESS ON THE AWARDS ARE DISCOVERED, AND NOT RESOLVED AFTER INTERACTION WITH THE AWARD GRANTEE, THE BRIGHTFOCUS STAFF RECOMMENDS APPROPRIATE ACTIONS TO THE CHAIR OF THE SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE GRANT AGREEMENT TERMS AND CONDITIONS, BRIGHTFOCUS MAY WITHHOLD FUNDING, OR DISCONTINUE AN AWARD, FOR ANY GRANTEE THAT FAILS TO ACHIEVE SUFFICIENT PROGRESS OR SUBMIT REQUIRED REPORTS. AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE GRANT AWARD PERIOD, EACH GRANTEE MUST COMPLETE AND SUBMIT A FINAL REPORT THAT IS ALSO REVIEWED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SENIOR SCIENTIFIC STAFF. EVALUATION OF THE WORK OF EACH GRANTEE IS QUALITATIVELY AND QUANTITATIVELY ASSESSED THROUGH VARIOUS METRICS RELATED TO THE IMPACT OF THE GRANT ON ITS TARGETED DISEASE FIELD. SUCH IMPACT METRICS HAVE REVEALED THAT 95% OF BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED RESEARCH RESULTS IN RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS THAT ADVANCE THE FIELDS SERVED BY BRIGHTFOCUS. THIS IMPACT IS FURTHER SUPPORTED BY ANNUAL CATEGORY NORMALIZED CITATION IMPACT ANALYSIS THAT COMPARES BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED WORKS TO AN UNBIASED COMPARISON OF IMPACT PERFORMANCE VERSUS THE WORLD AVERAGE. BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED PUBLICATIONS WERE RECENTLY CITED AT 2 TIMES THE FREQUENCY OF THE WORLD AVERAGE. A FINAL EXAMPLE OF IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVEALED THAT THE SUCCESSES OF BRIGHTFOCUS GRANTEES CONTINUE LONG AFTER THE GRANT EXPIRES. ON AVERAGE, EACH GRANTEE RECEIVES ADDITIONAL GRANTS FOR FOLLOW-ON PROJECTS SPAWNED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS GRANT, WITH VALUES UP TO 10 TIMES THE LEVEL OF THE INITIAL BRIGHTFOCUS INVESTMENT. BRIGHTFOCUS SOLICITS FEEDBACK FROM ITS GRANTEES, AND PROVIDES AN ANONYMOUS FORUM FOR COLLECTING SUCH INFORMATION. THROUGH THE BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION WEBSITE AND WITHIN THE SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS REPORTS, THERE ARE DESIGNATED SECTIONS WHERE AWARDEES ARE ASKED TO PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO THE FOUNDATION. THROUGH THIS MECHANISM, THEY ARE GIVEN THE ABILITY TO ANONYMOUSLY PROVIDE FEEDBACK OR COMMUNICATE THEIR CONCERNS TO PROGRAM STAFF OR THE BRIGHTFOCUS' COMPLIANCE OFFICE. ANY SUGGESTIONS, CONCERNS, COMPLAINTS, OR POSITIVE EXPERIENCES CAN BE OUTLINED AND BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF BRIGHTFOCUS IN THIS MANNER, SO THAT BRIGHTFOCUS CAN ADDRESS ANY AREAS NEEDING IMPROVEMENT, REAFFIRM PRAISE-WORTHY POLICIES, OR OTHERWISE ASSESS NEEDS FOR PROGRAMMATIC CHANGE. THE SENIOR LEADERSHIP PRESENTS AND SUMMARIZES THE STATUS AND PROGRESS ON GRANTS TO THE BRIGHTFOCUS BOARD OF DIRECTORS AT EACH OF THEIR QUARTERLY BOARD MEETINGS.
PART I, LINE 3:	BRIGHTFOCUS REPORTED THE EXPENDITURES BASED ON THE ACCOUNTING METHOD USED IN ITS AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS WHICH IS ON AN ACCRUAL BASIS.
PART III ACCOUNTING METHOD:
PART II, LINE 1:	BRIGHTFOCUS REPORTED THE EXPENDITURES BASED ON THE ACCOUNTING METHOD USED IN ITS AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS WHICH IS ON AN ACCRUAL BASIS.

Schedule G IRS990ScheduleG

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Mail Solicitations	Yes (X)	MailSolicitationsInd
Email Solicitations	Yes (X)	EmailSolicitationsInd
Solicitation Of Non Govt Grants	Yes (X)	SolicitationOfNonGovtGrantsInd
Agrmt Prof Fundraising Acty	Yes (1)	AgrmtProfFundraisingActyInd

Fundraiser Activity Info FundraiserActivityInfoGrp (2 entries)

Address Line1USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityUSAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationUSAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPUSAddress/ZIPCd	ActivityActivityTxt	Fundraiser Control Of FundsFundraiserControlOfFundsInd	Gross ReceiptsGrossReceiptsAmt	Retained By ContractorRetainedByContractorAmt	Net To OrganizationNetToOrganizationAmt
RKD GROUP
35 PARKWOOD DRIVE STE 160	HOPKINTON	MA	01748	FUNDRAISING AND COMMUNICATIONS CONSULTANT	0	$31,064,820	$471,000	$30,593,820
ALLEGIANCE GROUP
2300 CLARENDON BLVD STE 925	ARLINGTON	VA	22201	FUNDRAISING AND COMMUNICATIONS CONSULTANT	0	$2,158,912	$327,203	$1,831,709

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Gross Receipts	$33,223,732	TotalGrossReceiptsAmt
Total Retained By Contractors	$798,203	TotalRetainedByContractorsAmt
Total Net To Organization	$32,425,529	TotalNetToOrganizationAmt
Licensed States	AK	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	AL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	AR	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	AZ	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CO	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CT	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	DC	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	FL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	GA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	HI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	IL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	KS	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	KY	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	LA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MD	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	ME	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MN	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MO	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MS	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NC	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	ND	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NH	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NJ	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NM	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NV	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NY	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	OH	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	OK	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	OR	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	PA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	RI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	SC	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	TN	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	UT	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	VA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	WA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	WI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	WV	LicensedStatesCd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	SCHEDULE G, PART I, LINE 2B, COLUMN (V)	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	IN THE CONTRACT WITH THE RKD GROUP, THE MANAGEMENTS FEES ARE FIXED AMOUNTS PER MONTH FOR IN-SCOPE SERVICES THAT TOTALS $1,106,496 PER YEAR, OF WHICH $635,496 HAS BEEN ALLOCATED UNDER PART XI, LINE 11(G) TO PROGRAM AND MANAGEMENT AND ARE NOT CONSIDERED TO BE THE PROFESSIONAL FUNDRAISING CONSULTANT FEE.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule I IRS990ScheduleI

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grant Records Maintained	Yes (1)	GrantRecordsMaintainedInd

Recipient Table RecipientTable (80 entries)

Address Line1USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityUSAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationUSAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPUSAddress/ZIPCd	Recipient EINRecipientEIN	IRC SectionIRCSectionDesc	Cash GrantCashGrantAmt	Non Cash AssistanceNonCashAssistanceAmt	Purpose Of GrantPurposeOfGrantTxt	Address Line2USAddress/AddressLine2Txt
ALBANY MEDICAL COLLEGE
47 NEW SCOTLAND AVENUE	ALBANY	NY	12208	141338310	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHARLY ABI GHANEM, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022001F)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	BOSTON	MA	02145	042697983	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANA RITA AGRA DE ALMEIDA QUADROS, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022002F)
WEILL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CORNELL UNIVERSITY
1300 YORK AVE	NEW YORK	NY	10065	131623978	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANTOINE ANFRAY, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022003F)
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	941156365	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHING-CHIEH CHOU, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022004F)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA IRVINE
160 ALDRICH HALL	IRVINE	CA	92697	952226406	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHRISTIAN CROUZET, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022005F)
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS CHAN MEDICAL SCHOOL
OFFICE OF SPONSORED PROGRAMS 55	WORCESTER	MA	01655	043167352	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY VIOLETA DURAN LAFORET, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022006F)	LAKE AVENUE NORTH
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
ONE GUSTAVE L LEVY PLACE BOX 1075	NEW YORK	NY	10029	136171197	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY GABRIELA FARIAS QUIPILDOR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022007F)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO
490 ILLINOIS STREET 4TH FLOOR	SAN FRANCISCO	CA	94143	946036493	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BRANDON HOLMES, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022008F)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	BOSTON	MA	02145	042697983	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY HOANG LE, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022009F)
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST LOUIS
ONE BROOKINGS DRIVE CAMPUS BOX 1054	ST LOUIS	MO	63130	430653611	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ALEXANDRA LITVINCHUK, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022010F)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	BOSTON	MA	02145	042697983	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHAO LIU, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022011F)
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
3451 WALNUT STREET	PHILADELPHIA	PA	19104	231352685	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY COURTNEY MARSHALL, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022012F)
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
660 S EUCLID AVENUE CAMPUS BOX 8233	SAINT LOUIS	MO	63110	430653611	501(C)(3)	$98,221	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY NICOLE MCKAY, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022013F)
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
660 S EUCLID AVENUE CAMPUS BOX 8233	SAINT LOUIS	MO	63110	430653611	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PETER MILLAR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022014F)
INDIANA UNIVERSITY
509 E 3RD STREET	BLOOMINGTON	IN	47401	356001673	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MIGUEL MOUTINHO, PHRMD,PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022017F)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA IRVINE
160 ALDRICH HALL	IRVINE	CA	92697	952226406	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY TATSUKI NAKAGAWA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022018F)
MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER
1275 YORK AVENUE BOX 701	NEW YORK	NY	10065	131924236	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SAHIL SHARMA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022020F)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA IRVINE
160 ALDRICH HALL	IRVINE	CA	92697	952226406	501(C)(3)	$199,396	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LORENA SORDO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022021F)
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY - EVANSTON CAMPUS
750 NORTH LAKE SHORE DRIVE	CHICAGO	IL	60611	362167817	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY XIAOJING SUI, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022023F)
UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO BOULDER
3100 MARINE STREET	BOULDER	CO	80309	846000555	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MEAGHAN VAN ALSTYNE, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022025F)
BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
300 LONGWOOD AVENUE	BOSTON	MA	02115	042774441	501(C)(3)	$199,678	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY HUIXIN XU, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022026F)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO
490 ILLINOIS STREET 4TH FLOOR	SAN FRANCISCO	CA	94143	946036493	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANDREW YANG, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022027F)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	BOSTON	MA	02145	042697983	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY QIUCHEN ZHAO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022028F)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA IRVINE
160 ALDRICH HALL	IRVINE	CA	92697	952226406	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KEVIN BEIER, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022031S)
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST LOUIS
ONE BROOKINGS DRIVE	ST LOUIS	MO	63130	430653611	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY THOMAS BRETT, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022032S)
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
ONE PARK AVENUE 6TH FLOOR	NEW YORK	NY	10016	135562308	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY OMONIGHO BUBU, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022033S)
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS CENTER FOR RESEARCH INC
2385 IRVING HILL ROAD	LAWRENCE	KS	66045	480680117	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LAN GUO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022036S)
BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY
A-285 ASB CAMPUS DRIVE	PROVO	UT	84602	870217280	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DAVID HANSEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022037S)
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST LOUIS
ONE BROOKINGS DRIVE	ST LOUIS	MO	63130	430653611	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KEITH HENGEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022038S)
COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
2002 CAMPUS DELIVERY	FORT COLLINS	CO	80523	846000545	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SEONIL KIM, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022039S)
RICE UNIVERSITY
6100 S MAIN MS-16	HOUSTON	TX	77005	741109620	501(C)(3)	$299,943	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY STEPHANIE LEAL, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022040S)
SEATTLE INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH
1660 S COLUMBIAN WAY	SEATTLE	WA	98108	911452438	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY NICOLE LIACHKO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022041S)
HEBREW REHABILITATION CENTER
1200 CENTRE STREET	BOSTON	MA	02131	042104298	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BRAD MANOR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022042S)
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
ONE GUSTAVE L LEVY PLACE BOX 1075	NEW YORK	NY	10029	136171197	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ALEJANDRO MARTIN TRUJILLO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022043S)
GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH CORPORATION
926 DALNEY STREET NW	ATLANTA	GA	30332	580603146	501(C)(3)	$299,993	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANNABELLE SINGER, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022048S)
TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY
85 EAST NEWTON M-921	BOSTON	MA	02218	042103547	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JULIA TCW, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022049S)
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
3003 S STATE STREET	ANN ARBOR	MI	48109	386006309	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PETER TESSIER, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022050S)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	BOSTON	MA	02145	042697983	501(C)(3)	$300,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SUSANNE VAN VELUW, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022051S)
PRESIDENT & FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE
1033 MASSACHUSETTS AVE 5TH FLOOR	CAMBRIDGE	MA	02138	042103580	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LIMOR COHEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022052F)
MAYO CLINIC JACKSONVILLE
4500 SAN PABLO ROAD ROOM 110	JACKSONVILLE	FL	32224	593337028	501(C)(3)	$235,163	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH, ENTITLED: (CA2021010)
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
1001 MAYPORT RD	ATLANTIC BEACH	FL	32233	862907045	501(C)(3)	$115,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH, ENTITLED: (CA2021011)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	CHARLESTOWN	MA	02114	041564655	501(C)(3)	$30,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BECKY CARLYLE, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019182S)
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
733 NORTH BROADWAY SUITE 117	BALTIMORE	MD	21205	520595110	501(C)(3)	$67,582	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PETER ABADIR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019634S)
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
400 NORTH BROADWAY	BALTIMORE	MD	21211	520595110	501(C)(3)	$123,767	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY QUINCY SAMUS, PHD, ENTITLED: (CA2021001)
FOUNDATION FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
11400 ROCKVILLE PIKE SUITE 600	NORTH BETHESDA	MD	20852	521986675	501(C)(3)	$100,000	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH, ENTITLED: (CA2021012)
BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
72 EAST CONCORD STREET	BOSTON	MA	02215	042103547	501(C)(3)	$317,298	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BENJAMIN WOLOZIN, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (CA2020002)
UNIVERSITY OF DENVER
2155 E WESLEY AVENUE	DENVER	CO	80208	840404231	501(C)(3)	$81,710	$0	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANN CHARLOTTE GRANHOLM-BENTLEY, PHD, ENTITLED: (CA2018010)
INDIANA UNIVERSITY
509 E 3RD STREET	BLOOMINGTON	IN	47401	356001673	501(C)(3)	$147,339	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ALESSANDRA CARMICHAEL-MARTINS, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022001F)
INDIANA UNIVERSITY
509 E 3RD STREET	BLOOMINGTON	IN	47401	356001673	501(C)(3)	$150,000	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY CATIA GOMES, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022003F)
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT FORT WORTH
3500 CAMP BOWIE BLVD	FORT WORTH	TX	76107	756064033	501(C)(3)	$150,000	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY PRABHAVATHI MADDINENI, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022004F)
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
733 NORTH BROADWAY SUITE 117	BALTIMORE	MD	21205	520595110	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY THOMAS JOHNSON, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022005S)
GOOD SAMARITAN FOUNDATION (LHS)
1015 NW 22ND AVENUE	PORTLAND	OR	97210	237017276	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY KAZUHIRO KUROKAWA, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022006S)
MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
HANNAH ADMINISTRATION 426	EAST LANSING	MI	48824	386005984	501(C)(3)	$199,992	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ANDRAS KOMAROMY, DVM, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022007S)	AUDITORIUM ROAD
GOOD SAMARITAN FOUNDATION (LHS)
1015 NW 22ND AVENUE	PORTLAND	OR	97210	237017276	501(C)(3)	$199,992	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY HONGLI YANG, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022008S)
CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER
8700 BEVERLY BOULEVARD SUITE 1800	LOS ANGELES	CA	90048	951644600	501(C)(3)	$199,381	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY SHAOMEI WANG, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022009S)
DUKE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
2200 WEST MAIN STREET SUITE 820	DURHAM	NC	27705	560532129	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MYOUNGSUP SIM, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022010S)	ERWIN SQUARE
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
3319 WEST END AVENUE SUITE 970	NASHVILLE	TN	37203	352528741	501(C)(3)	$196,512	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MICHAEL RISNER, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022011S)
EMORY UNIVERSITY
1599 CLIFTON ROAD NE 4TH FLOOR	ATLANTA	GA	30322	580566256	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY JIAXING WANG, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022012S)
TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY
85 EAST NEWTON M-921	BOSTON	MA	02218	042103547	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY HAIYAN GONG, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022013S)
INDIANA UNIVERSITY
509 E 3RD STREET	BLOOMINGTON	IN	47401	356001673	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY JASON MEYER, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022014S)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS
1850 RESEARCH PARK DRIVE SUITE 300	DAVIS	CA	95618	946036494	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY NICK MARSH-ARMSTRONG, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022016S)
THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
2 GILMORE HALL	IOWA CITY	IA	52242	426004813	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MICHAEL ANDERSON, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022017S)
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR EYE RESEARCH
655 BEACH STREET	SAN FRANCISCO	CA	94109	510171667	501(C)(3)	$5,900	$0	TRAVEL GRANTS FOR CONFERENCE ATTENDANCE
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
2452 WATSON CT	PALO ALTO	CA	94305	941156365	501(C)(3)	$342,519	$0	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY JEFFREY GOLDBERG, PHD, ENTITLED: (CG2022001)
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL
104 AIRPORT DRIVE SUITE 2200	CHAPEL HILL	NC	27599	566001393	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY YONGSU KWON, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022001F)
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
4333 BROOKLYN AVE NE	SEATTLE	WA	98195	916001537	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY DANIEL HASS, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022003F)
THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER
5323 HARRY HINES BLVD	DALLAS	TX	75390	756002868	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY STEFFI DANIEL, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022005F)
SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
1900 NINTH AVENUE M/S 818-S	SEATTLE	WA	98101	910564748	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY LEAH VANDENBOSCH, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022006F)
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
518 HYLAN BLDG BOX 270140	ROCHESTER	NY	14627	160743209	501(C)(3)	$200,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY KRISTEN BOWLES JOHNSON, PHD, OD, ENTITLED: (M2022007F)
THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
3003 S STATE STREET	ANN ARBOR	MI	48109	386006309	501(C)(3)	$450,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY THOMAS WUBBEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022008N)
OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
3181 SW SAM JACKSON PARK RD	PORTLAND	OR	97239	931176109	501(C)(3)	$449,323	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY YIFAN JIAN, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022009N)
UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA RENO
1664 N VIRGINIA ST MAIL STOP 325	RENO	NV	89557	886000024	501(C)(3)	$446,943	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ALBERT GONZALES, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022010N)
THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
3003 S STATE STREET	ANN ARBOR	MI	48109	386006309	501(C)(3)	$450,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY LEV PRASOV, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022011N)
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA
3702 SPECTRUM BLVD SUITE 165	TAMPA	FL	33612	593102112	501(C)(3)	$450,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY MANAS BISWAL, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022012N)
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
733 NORTH BROADWAY SUITE 117	BALTIMORE	MD	21205	520595110	501(C)(3)	$450,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY SRINIVASA RAO SRIPATHI, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022014N)
THE JACKSON LABORATORY
600 MAIN STREET	BAR HARBOR	ME	04609	010211513	501(C)(3)	$600,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY PATSY NISHINA, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022016I)
DRUSOLV THERAPUTICS INC
1425 LOCUST STREET UNIT 7C	PHILADELPHIA	PA	19102	822704169		$500,000	$0	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY JOHN G. EDWARDS, MS/MBA, ENTITLED: (CM2022001)
RD MEETING INC
5200 NW 43RD STREET SUITE 102-279	GAINESVILLE	FL	32606	841992631	501(C)(3)	$12,358	$0	TRAVEL GRANTS FOR MACULAR DEGENERATION FAST TRACK MEETING
ARVO FOUNDATION FOR EYE RESEARCH
1801 ROCKVILLE PIKE SUITE 400	ROCKVILLE	MD	20852	522322462	501(C)(3)	$10,000	$0	2022 EYEFIND RESEARCH GRANT SPONSORSHIP
ARVO FOUNDATION FOR EYE RESEARCH
1801 ROCKVILLE PIKE SUITE 400	ROCKVILLE	MD	20852	522322462	501(C)(3)	$15,240	$0	2022 TRAVEL GRANTS FOR CONFERENCE ATTENDEES

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total501c3 Org	53	Total501c3OrgCnt
Total Other Org	1	TotalOtherOrgCnt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	PART I, LINE 2:	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	BRIGHTFOCUS INTERACTS WITH ALL GRANTEES AT LEAST QUARTERLY BY E-MAIL OR AT SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS. IN ADDITION TO THESE INTERACTIONS, EACH GRANT RECIPIENT IS REQUIRED TO SUBMIT SEPARATE DETAILED ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND FINANCIAL REPORTS TO BRIGHTFOCUS. THESE ARE RECEIVED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT, AND REVIEWED BY SCIENTIFIC STAFF WITH BROAD EXPERTISE, INCLUDING IMAGING, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND SIGNALING PATHWAYS, CELL BIOLOGY, ANGIOGENESIS, BIOCHEMISTRY, NEUROSCIENCE, AND GENETICS. SENIOR STAFF REVIEWS EACH PROGRESS REPORT AND EVALUATES THE PROJECT FOR SUFFICIENT PROGRESS TOWARDS THE SPECIFIC AIMS PROPOSED IN THE ORIGINAL APPLICATION OR ANY BUDGETARY CONCERNS. THIS EFFORT IS SUPPORTED BY ADDITIONAL SCIENTIFIC COUNSEL FROM MEMBERS OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC REVIEW COMMITTEES, WHEN REQUIRED. IN ADDITION TO STATEMENTS OF EXPERIMENTAL PROGRESS, ALL GRANTEES ARE ASKED TO REPORT ANY TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS, MEDIA REPORTS, OR PATENT APPLICATIONS IN WHICH BRIGHTFOCUS-SPONSORED RESEARCH IS DESCRIBED. IF SIGNIFICANT CONCERNS RELATED TO PROGRESS ON THE AWARDS ARE DISCOVERED, AND NOT RESOLVED AFTER INTERACTION WITH THE AWARD GRANTEE, THE BRIGHTFOCUS STAFF RECOMMENDS APPROPRIATE ACTIONS TO THE CHAIR OF THE SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE GRANT AGREEMENT TERMS AND CONDITIONS, BRIGHTFOCUS MAY WITHHOLD FUNDING, OR DISCONTINUE AN AWARD, FOR ANY GRANTEE THAT FAILS TO ACHIEVE SUFFICIENT PROGRESS OR SUBMIT REQUIRED REPORTS. AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE GRANT AWARD PERIOD, EACH GRANTEE MUST COMPLETE AND SUBMIT A FINAL REPORT THAT IS ALSO REVIEWED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SENIOR SCIENTIFIC STAFF. EVALUATION OF THE WORK OF EACH GRANTEE IS QUALITATIVELY AND QUANTITATIVELY ASSESSED THROUGH VARIOUS METRICS RELATED TO THE IMPACT OF THE GRANT ON ITS TARGETED DISEASE FIELD. SUCH IMPACT METRICS HAVE REVEALED THAT 95% OF BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED RESEARCH RESULTS IN RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS THAT ADVANCE THE FIELDS SERVED BY BRIGHTFOCUS. THIS IMPACT IS FURTHER SUPPORTED BY ANNUAL CATEGORY NORMALIZED CITATION IMPACT ANALYSIS THAT COMPARES BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED WORKS TO AN UNBIASED COMPARISON OF IMPACT PERFORMANCE VERSUS THE WORLD AVERAGE. BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED PUBLICATIONS WERE RECENTLY CITED AT 2 TIMES THE FREQUENCY OF THE WORLD AVERAGE. A FINAL EXAMPLE OF IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVEALED THAT THE SUCCESSES OF BRIGHTFOCUS GRANTEES CONTINUE LONG AFTER THE GRANT EXPIRES. ON AVERAGE, EACH GRANTEE RECEIVES ADDITIONAL GRANTS FOR FOLLOW-ON PROJECTS SPAWNED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS GRANT, WITH VALUES UP TO 10 TIMES THE LEVEL OF THE INITIAL BRIGHTFOCUS INVESTMENT. BRIGHTFOCUS SOLICITS FEEDBACK FROM ITS GRANTEES, AND PROVIDES AN ANONYMOUS FORUM FOR COLLECTING SUCH INFORMATION. THROUGH THE BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION WEBSITE AND WITHIN THE SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS REPORTS, THERE ARE DESIGNATED SECTIONS WHERE AWARDEES ARE ASKED TO PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO THE FOUNDATION. THROUGH THIS MECHANISM, THEY ARE GIVEN THE ABILITY TO ANONYMOUSLY PROVIDE FEEDBACK OR COMMUNICATE THEIR CONCERNS TO PROGRAM STAFF OR THE BRIGHTFOCUS' COMPLIANCE OFFICE. ANY SUGGESTIONS, CONCERNS, COMPLAINTS, OR POSITIVE EXPERIENCES CAN BE OUTLINED AND BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF BRIGHTFOCUS IN THIS MANNER, SO THAT BRIGHTFOCUS CAN ADDRESS ANY AREAS NEEDING IMPROVEMENT, REAFFIRM PRAISE-WORTHY POLICIES, OR OTHERWISE ASSESS NEEDS FOR PROGRAMMATIC CHANGE. THE SENIOR LEADERSHIP PRESENTS AND SUMMARIZES THE STATUS AND PROGRESS ON GRANTS TO THE BRIGHTFOCUS BOARD OF DIRECTORS AT EACH OF THEIR QUARTERLY BOARD MEETINGS.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule J IRS990ScheduleJ

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Compensation Committee	Yes (X)	CompensationCommitteeInd
Independent Consultant	Yes (X)	IndependentConsultantInd
Form990 Of Other Organizations	Yes (X)	Form990OfOtherOrganizationsInd
Compensation Survey	Yes (X)	CompensationSurveyInd
Board Or Committee Approval	Yes (X)	BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd
Severance Payment	0	SeverancePaymentInd
Supplemental Nonqual Rtr Plan	0	SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd
Equity Based Comp Arrngm	0	EquityBasedCompArrngmInd
Comp Based On Revenue Of Flng Org	0	CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd On Rev Related Orgs	0	CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Flng Org	0	CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Rltd Orgs	0	CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd
Any Non Fixed Payments	0	AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd
Initial Contract Exception	0	InitialContractExceptionInd

Rltd Org Officer Trst Key Empl RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp (6 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Base Compensation Filing OrgBaseCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Compensation Based On Rltd OrgsCompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmt	Bonus Filing OrganizationBonusFilingOrganizationAmount	Bonus Related OrganizationsBonusRelatedOrganizationsAmt	Other Compensation Filing OrgOtherCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Other Compensation Rltd OrgsOtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Deferred Compensation Flng OrgDeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmt	Deferred Comp Rltd OrgsDeferredCompRltdOrgsAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Filing OrgNontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Rltd OrgsNontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmt	Total Compensation Filing OrgTotalCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Total Compensation Rltd OrgsTotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Filing OrgCompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Rltd OrgsCompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt
STACY PAGOS HALLER
PRESIDENT/CEO	$388,780	$0	$45,000	$0	$1,584	$0	$26,100	$0	$24,927	$0	$486,391	$0	$0	$0
NANCY LYNN
SR. VP STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS	$241,970	$0	$2,500	$0	$1,584	$0	$23,006	$0	$30,944	$0	$300,004	$0	$0	$0
R BRIAN ELDERTON
SR. VP, DEVELOPMENT	$235,152	$0	$10,000	$0	$2,048	$0	$22,654	$0	$23,762	$0	$293,616	$0	$0	$0
DAVID F MARKS CPA CMA
VP, FINANCE & ADMINISTRATION	$161,053	$0	$2,500	$0	$1,584	$0	$15,876	$0	$40,653	$0	$221,666	$0	$0	$0
DIANE BOVENKAMP PHD
VP, SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS	$176,665	$0	$2,500	$0	$552	$0	$16,125	$0	$4,764	$0	$200,606	$0	$0	$0
MICHAEL BUCKLEY
VP, PUBLIC AFFAIRS	$159,966	$0	$2,500	$0	$552	$0	$14,622	$0	$4,039	$0	$181,679	$0	$0	$0

Schedule M IRS990ScheduleM

Securities Publicly Traded SecuritiesPubliclyTradedGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Non Cash Checkbox	Yes (X)	NonCashCheckboxInd
Contribution	29	ContributionCnt
Noncash Contributions Rpt F990	$203,467	NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt
Method Of Determining Revenues	FMV	MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt

Real Estate Residential RealEstateResidentialGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Non Cash Checkbox	Yes (X)	NonCashCheckboxInd
Contribution	1	ContributionCnt
Noncash Contributions Rpt F990	$134,013	NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt
Method Of Determining Revenues	DISPOSITION PRICE	MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Any Property That Must Be Held	0	AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeldInd
Review Process Unusual NC Gifts	Yes (1)	ReviewProcessUnusualNCGiftsInd
Third Parties Used	Yes (1)	ThirdPartiesUsedInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (2 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
PART I, COLUMN (B):	BRIGHTFOCUS REPORTS THE NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTIONS IN PART I, COLUMN (B).
PART I, LINE 32B:	BRIGHTFOCUS RECEIVED DONATED RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE IN APRIL 2021. IN JUNE 2021, BRIGHTFOCUS SOLD THE REAL ESTATE WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF A REAL ESTATE AGENT.

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (23 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 1, DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION MISSION:	BRIGHTFOCUS FUNDS EXCEPTIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WORLDWIDE TO DEFEAT ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA AND PROVIDES EXPERT INFORMATION ON THESE HEARTBREAKING DISEASES. OUR VISION IS: A WORLD FREE FROM DISEASES OF MIND AND SIGHT. COLLECTIVELY, 1 IN 16 PEOPLE OVER THE AGE OF 40 IN THE U.S. HAS ONE OF THESE DISEASES. BRIGHTFOCUS HAS A PROVEN TRACK RECORD OF SUPPORTING THE MOST INNOVATIVE, EARLY-STAGE RESEARCH SEEKING BETTER UNDERSTANDING, TREATMENTS, OR, ULTIMATELY, A CURE FOR THESE DISEASES. SINCE 1973, BRIGHTFOCUS HAS AWARDED OVER $270 MILLION IN RESEARCH GRANTS TO THOUSANDS OF SCIENTISTS AROUND THE WORLD. OUR RESEARCH FUNDING HAS LED TO MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF THESE DISEASES AND SUPPORT FOR SCIENTISTS WHO HAVE RECEIVED PRESTIGIOUS AWARDS, INCLUDING TWO NOBEL PRIZES. AN INDICATOR OF OUR ABILITY TO PUSH NEW BOUNDARIES OF KNOWLEDGE IS THAT BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED RESEARCH WAS RECENTLY FOUND TO HAVE HAD TWICE THE IMPACT ON DRIVING FUTURE SCIENCE THAN WORK SUPPORTED BY MANY OTHER ORGANIZATIONS. THE WORLD-CLASS RESEARCH IDENTIFIED AND SUPPORTED BY BRIGHTFOCUS IS ON THE CUTTING-EDGE OF THE FIGHT TO SAVE MIND AND SIGHT. OUR FUNDING ACTS AS A CATALYST IN EARLY-STAGE RESEARCH. THE BRIGHTFOCUS RESEARCH PROGRAMS ARE DESIGNED TO PROVIDE INITIAL FUNDING FOR HIGHLY INNOVATIVE EXPERIMENTAL IDEAS. DUE TO THE STRUCTURED GRANT REVIEW AND APPROVAL PROCESS, THE RESEARCH IMPACT OF BRIGHTFOCUS IS VERY HIGH. MOST RECIPIENTS OF BRIGHTFOCUS FUNDING GO ON TO RECEIVE FUTURE GRANTS FROM OTHER SOURCES THAT ARE UP TO 10 TIMES LARGER THAN THE ORIGINAL BRIGHTFOCUS AWARD. THIS HIGH RETURN ON BRIGHTFOCUS INVESTMENT SPEAKS TO OUR ABILITY TO IDENTIFY PROMISING RESEARCH IN ITS EARLIEST STAGES AND SPAWN FUTURE SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES. IT IS OUR FIRM BELIEF THAT HAVING THE COURAGE TO INVEST IN INNOVATIVE IDEAS WILL LEAD TO REVOLUTIONARY APPROACHES AND LIFE-SAVING BREAKTHROUGHS. ALONG WITH FUNDING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH TO FIND CURES TO SOME OF THE WORLD'S COSTLIEST DISEASES, BRIGHTFOCUS ALSO PROVIDES FREE EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS AND SUPPORT TO HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF THOSE IMPACTED BY THESE DISEASES NATIONWIDE. WE ROOT THESE EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS IN THE LATEST RESEARCH FINDINGS. BRIGHTFOCUS INCREASES PUBLIC AWARENESS OF ALZHEIMER'S, MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA, AND COMMUNICATES WITH THOUGHT LEADERS AND ELECTED OFFICIALS ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN THESE AREAS. BRIGHTFOCUS' AWARD-WINNING PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS (PSA) HAVE APPEARED ON TELEVISION, RADIO, AND IN PRINT THROUGHOUT THE NATION. THE IMPACT OF ALZHEIMER'S. MAKE A PLAN TODAY: GET YOUR EYES CHECKED AND NOW IS THE MOMENT TO STOP ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE POWERFULLY SEEK TO RAISE AWARENESS AND EARLY DETECTION, AND SIMILAR MESSAGES HAVE BEEN DELIVERED THROUGH DONATED PRINT PSA SPACE IN AIRPORTS AND TRAIN STATIONS, AS WELL AS AT PHARMACIES, SUPERMARKETS AND DIGITALLY. IN FISCAL YEAR 2022, THESE PSA MESSAGES GENERATED $12,439,938 IN DONATED MEDIA SERVICES AND GARNERED OVER 693 MILLION IMPRESSIONS. SINCE 2014, THE BRIGHTFOCUS CHATS HAVE BROUGHT TOGETHER PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS FOR FREE, INTERACTIVE MONTHLY TELEPHONE FORUMS TO LEARN FROM, AND ASK QUESTIONS OF, LEADING RESEARCHERS AND SPECIALISTS ON VISION DISEASES. THE CHATS ARE ARCHIVED ON OUR WEB SITE, WITH AUDIO AND PRINT TRANSCRIPTS AVAILABLE IN A NUMBER OF ACCESSIBLE FORMATS. WE CONTINUE TO INCREASE OUR PRINT PUBLICATIONS, MANY IN SPANISH, THAT PROVIDE HELPFUL INFORMATION TO PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS, AND REGULARLY UNVEIL NEW VIDEO AND AUDIO RESOURCES IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALLIES IN THE MEDICAL AND SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITIES. PARTNERING WITH SEVERAL HIGH-PROFILE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS, BRIGHTFOCUS IS HELPING BETTER EDUCATE THE PUBLIC ON THE IMPORTANCE OF EQUITABLE PARTICIPATION IN CLINICAL RESEARCH AS A WAY TO ACCELERATE THE PATH TO CURES FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES. SPECIFICALLY, BRIGHTFOCUS IS PRODUCING AND DISSEMINATING BRAIN INFO LIVE, A SUSTAINED, EPISODIC VIRTUAL EDUCATION SERIES TAILORED TO DIVERSE COMMUNITIES ACROSS THE US. BRIGHTFOCUS IS PREPARING TO ALSO PRESENT AN UPCOMING DOCUMENTARY, "WILDER: HIS LIFE, LEGACY AND BATTLE WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, AND WILL EXECUTE AN ASSOCIATED EDUCATIONAL IMPACT CAMPAIGN. THE FILM WILL BE SHOWN IN COMMUNITY SETTINGS ACROSS THE COUNTRY TO INCREASE THE AWARENESS OF, AND PARTICIPATION IN, ALZHEIMER'S CLINICAL RESEARCH. WE HAVE EXPANDED OUR WRITTEN CONTENT OF KEY RESEARCH FINDINGS, PROMOTING AND SHARING THIS INFORMATION THROUGH OUR WEB SITE AND SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS. BRIGHTFOCUS INFOGRAPHICS EASILY AND VISUALLY COMMUNICATE INFORMATION ON ALZHEIMER'S, MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA. IN THE SPRING OF 2020, WE LAUNCHED A FULL SECTION OF OUR WEBSITE DEDICATED TO SHARING EXCLUSIVE CONTENT ON COVID-19 FOR FAMILIES IMPACTED BY DISEASES OF MIND AND SIGHT. MORE SPECIFICALLY, EACH OF THESE PROGRAM AREAS MAIL AWARENESS-RAISING MATERIALS TO HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF HOUSEHOLDS, WITH MESSAGES FOCUSING ON: - RISK FACTORS AND SYMPTOM RECOGNITION THROUGH PUBLIC AWARENESS AND STEPS THE PUBLIC SHOULD TAKE THAT MAY HELP REDUCE THEIR RISK. - LIFESTYLE CHOICES THAT PROMOTE GOOD HEALTH, ENCOURAGING READERS TO TAKE ACTION TO REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF THE ONSET OF THE DISEASE. - RESEARCH RESULTS AND TREATMENTS AVAILABLE TO ADDRESS THE DISEASE. BRIGHTFOCUS REGULARLY INTERACTS WITH ADVOCACY ORGANIZATIONS, GOVERNMENTS AT ALL LEVELS, AND MEMBERS OF THE MEDIA TO CALL GREATER ATTENTION TO DISEASES OF MIND AND SIGHT AND SHARE THE LATEST RESEARCH AND BEST PRACTICES WITH THE PUBLIC FIGURES AND KEY STAKEHOLDERS. THROUGH OUR OWN OUTREACH EFFORTS, AS WELL AS ACTIVE ROLES IN ADVOCACY COALITIONS WE HELP ADVANCE THE CAUSE OF PIONEERING SCIENCE AND BETTER POSITION BRIGHTFOCUS AS A RESOURCE FOR THOSE STRUGGLING WITH, AND SEARCHING FOR CURES FOR, THESE TERRIBLE DISEASES. BRIGHTFOCUS IS THE PRESENTING SPONSOR OF THE HELEN KELLER PRIZE FOR VISION RESEARCH, ONE OF THE MOST PRESTIGIOUS RECOGNITIONS IN THE FIELD. SELECTED BY A PANEL OF THE WORLD'S FOREMOST VISION SCIENTISTS, EACH YEAR'S LAUREATE IS HONORED FOR A GROUNDBREAKING CONTRIBUTION OR DISCOVERY TO SAVE SIGHT. BRIGHTFOCUS BEGAN ITS SPONSORSHIP IN 2015 TO CALL GREATER ATTENTION TO VISION RESEARCH ACROSS THE PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTORS.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH (ADR) - ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IS THE ONLY CAUSE OF DEATH AMONG THE TOP 10 IN AMERICA WITHOUT A WAY TO PREVENT, CURE, OR EVEN SLOW ITS PROGRESSION. IT IS AN IRREVERSIBLE DEGENERATION OF THE BRAIN THAT CAUSES DISRUPTIONS IN MEMORY, COGNITION, PERSONALITY, AND OTHER FUNCTIONS AND INEVITABLY LEADS TO DEATH. AN ESTIMATED 5.5 MILLION AMERICANS HAVE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, ABOUT TWO-THIRDS ARE WOMEN. BRIGHTFOCUS' ADR PROGRAM FUNDS RESEARCH FOCUSED ON UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, ITS EARLY DETECTION, AND TREATMENTS TO HELP SLOW OR STOP ITS PROGRESSION, AND ULTIMATELY TO PREVENT THE DISEASE ALTOGETHER. ADR ANNUALLY AWARDS PEER-REVIEWED GRANTS TO SCIENTISTS FROM INSTITUTIONS WORLDWIDE WHO ARE CONDUCTING BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. SINCE INCEPTION, BRIGHTFOCUS HAS CONTRIBUTED MORE THAN $167 MILLION TO THE CONQUERING OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2022, ADR AWARDED $12,439,027 IN PEER-REVIEWED GRANT AWARDS TO 52 NEW RESEARCH PROJECTS AND THREE OTHER NEW SCIENTIFIC AWARDS TO MAKE A TOTAL OF $13,577,827 IN FUNDING. NOTABLE PROJECTS INCLUDE: USING THE EYE AND VARIOUS IMAGING METHODS TO DETECT DEMENTIA; HYPERTENSION AND LIFESTYLE EFFECTS ON RISK OF ALZHEIMER'S (INCLUDING LIPIDS); DRUG DISCOVERY AND BIOMARKERS; THE ROLE OF INFLAMMATION, MICROGLIA AND VASCULAR HEALTH IN DISEASE RISK; LOOKING AT THE MITOCHONDRIA AND CELL ENERGY DEFICIENCIES; ROLE OF SLEEP DISTURBANCES CAUSING INCREASED RISK OF COGNITIVE ISSUES; DIFFERENCES IN GENETICS AND DISEASE RISK FOR UNDERREPRESENTED POPULATIONS; AND BETTER USE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES, INCLUDING BIG DATA/AI AND SYSTEMS GENETICS ANALYSIS FOR INCREASED AND DECREASED RISKS. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT SPECIFIC PROJECTS IS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULES F & I. BRIGHTFOCUS IS HONORED TO HAVE SUPPORTED THE EARLY RESEARCH OF TWO NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS: DR. STANLEY PRUSINER AND DR. PAUL GREENGARD, WHOSE WORK HAS BEEN INSTRUMENTAL TO OUR CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. BRIGHTFOCUS CONTINUES ITS PARTNERSHIP WITH THE ACADEMIC JOURNAL "MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION" AS THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION. THE JOURNAL PUBLISHES TECHNICAL PAPERS RELATED TO NEURODEGENERATION IN THE THREE DISEASE AREAS. TO ACCELERATE SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS, IT IS AN "OPEN ACCESS" JOURNAL, AND ALL CONTENT IS FREE OF CHARGE. THIS OPEN ACCESS ENSURES MAXIMAL REACH OF JOURNAL CONTENTS TO SCIENTISTS AND CARE PROVIDERS WORLDWIDE. MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION IS CURRENTLY THE HIGHEST IMPACT OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL IN THE NEUROSCIENCES. IN ADDITION TO SUPPORTING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH PROVIDES EXCELLENT RESOURCES ON DETECTING, TREATING, AND LIVING WITH THE DISEASE. THESE ARE AVAILABLE IN BOTH PRINT AS WELL AS ON OUR WEBSITE, WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4B, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH (MDR) - AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION IS A LEADING CAUSE OF VISION LOSS IN THE UNITED STATES. IT DESTROYS THE MACULA, THE PART OF THE EYE THAT PROVIDES SHARP, CENTRAL VISION NEEDED FOR SEEING OBJECTS CLEARLY. THE MOST COMMON EYE CONDITION IN PEOPLE AGE 60 AND OLDER, IT CAN LEAD TO VISION LOSS IN ONE OR BOTH EYES, MAKING IT DIFFICULT TO RECOGNIZE FACES, DRIVE A CAR, OR READ. AS MANY AS 11 MILLION AMERICANS HAVE SOME TYPE OF MACULAR DEGENERATION, INCLUDING BOTH THE EARLY AND LATER STAGES OF THE WET AND DRY TYPES. THIS NUMBER IS EXPECTED TO DOUBLE TO NEARLY 22 MILLION BY 2050. MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH (MDR), A PROGRAM OF BRIGHTFOCUS, HAS AWARDED MORE THAN $45 MILLION TO SCIENTISTS STUDYING THE DISEASE. THE LATEST RESEARCH IS FOCUSED ON NOVEL TREATMENTS FOR THE DISEASE, UNDERSTANDING ITS CAUSES AND PROGRESSION, PREDICTION METHODS AND DISEASE MODELING, DRUG THERAPIES, THE ROLE OF THE METABOLISM IN DISEASE RISK, GENES, THE ROLE OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE IN DISEASE RISK, AND NEW IMAGING, MACHINE LEARNING AND SCREENING TECHNIQUES. MDR GRANTS ARE AVAILABLE TO MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCHERS WORLDWIDE. MDR PLACES SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ENCOURAGING APPLICATIONS FROM YOUNG SCIENTISTS AND THOSE WITH CUTTING-EDGE IDEAS. ANNUAL GRANT APPLICATIONS ARE PEER-REVIEWED, AND RECIPIENT SELECTIONS ARE BASED ON SCIENTIFIC MERIT. DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 2022, MDR AWARDED $5,746,102 IN PEER-REVIEWED GRANT AWARDS TO 16 NEW RESEARCH PROJECTS, WITH 5 ADDITIONAL SCIENTIFIC PROJECTS THAT TAKE THE TOTAL FUNDING TO $6,533,701. DETAILS ABOUT SPECIFIC PROJECTS ARE INCLUDED IN SCHEDULES F & I. IN ADDITION TO SUPPORTING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH, MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH PROVIDES EXCELLENT RESOURCES ON DETECTING, TREATING, AND LIVING WITH THIS DISEASE. THESE ARE AVAILABLE IN BOTH PRINT AS WELL AS ON OUR WEBSITE, WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4C, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH (NGR) - GLAUCOMA IS THE SECOND LEADING CAUSE OF BLINDNESS WORLDWIDE, ACCORDING TO A RECENT REPORT FROM THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, APPROXIMATELY 80 MILLION PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD HAVE GLAUCOMA. MORE THAN THREE MILLION AMERICANS, OVER THE AGE OF 40 ARE LIVING WITH GLAUCOMA, WITH AN ESTIMATED 2.7 MILLION HAVE OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA, THE MOST COMMON TYPE. IN THE UNITED STATES, GLAUCOMA IS A LEADING CAUSE OF BLINDNESS AMONG BLACK AND HISPANIC AMERICANS. WITH EARLY DETECTION AND TREATMENT, GLAUCOMA OFTEN CAN BE MANAGED TO PROTECT EYES FROM MORE SERIOUS VISION LOSS. IT IS ESTIMATED THAT ONLY HALF OF THE PEOPLE LIVING WITH GLAUCOMA ARE AWARE THAT THEY HAVE THE DISEASE. BRIGHTFOCUS' NGR PROGRAM HAS AWARDED MORE THAN $46 MILLION WORLDWIDE FOR THE STUDY OF GLAUCOMA. NGR-SUPPORTED RESEARCH HAS BEEN FOCUSED ON THE EYE-BRAIN CONNECTION, HOW PRESSURE BUILDUP IN THE EYE CAN AFFECT SYNAPTIC NERVE COMMUNICATIONS, NEUROPROTECTION AND OPTIC NERVE REGENERATION, DISCOVERING GLAUCOMA RISK GENES, AI/DEEP LEARNING AND ADAPTIVE OPTICS, SLEEP DISTURBANCE AND RISK OF DEVELOPING GLAUCOMA, DEVELOPING EARLY GLAUCOMA SCREENING, AND PURSUING NOVEL GENETIC COUNSELING AND COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES, AMONGST OTHER INNOVATIVE PURSUITS. NGR GRANTS ARE AVAILABLE TO GLAUCOMA RESEARCHERS WORLDWIDE. NGR PLACES SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ENCOURAGING APPLICATIONS FROM YOUNG SCIENTISTS AND THOSE WITH CUTTING-EDGE IDEAS. ANNUAL GRANT APPLICATIONS ARE PEER-REVIEWED, AND RECIPIENT SELECTIONS ARE BASED ON SCIENTIFIC MERIT. DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 2022, NGR AWARDED $3,191,265 IN PEER-REVIEWED GRANT AWARDS FOR 17 NEW PROJECTS AND 2 OTHER SCIENTIFIC AWARDS TO MAKE A TOTAL OF $3,539,684 IN FUNDING. DETAILS ABOUT SPECIFIC PROJECTS ARE INCLUDED IN SCHEDULES F & I. IN ADDITION TO SUPPORTING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH, NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH PROVIDES EXCELLENT RESOURCES ON DETECTING, TREATING, AND LIVING WITH THE DISEASE. THESE ARE AVAILABLE IN BOTH PRINT AS WELL AS ON OUR WEBSITE, WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B	A DRAFT OF THE FEDERAL FORM 990 IS DISTRIBUTED TO THE AUDIT COMMITTEE FOR REVIEW PRIOR TO BEING SUBMITTED TO THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE. THE DRAFT FEDERAL FORM 990 IS DISTRIBUTED EARLY ENOUGH TO PROVIDE EACH COMMITTEE MEMBER WITH A REASONABLE AMOUNT OF TIME FOR REVIEW AND SUBMISSION OF QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS PRIOR TO THE FILING DEADLINE. THE FINAL FEDERAL FORM 990 IS DISTRIBUTED TO EACH MEMBER OF THE FULL BOARD OF DIRECTORS PRIOR TO BEING FILED WITH THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE. THE DRAFT OR FINAL FEDERAL FORM 990 MAY BE DISTRIBUTED IN PERSON, BY REGULAR MAIL, E-MAIL, OR FAX.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C	BRIGHTFOCUS HAS ALL EMPLOYEES, OFFICERS, AND DIRECTORS AGREE TO THE CODE OF CONDUCT THAT INCLUDES ADHERENCE TO THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST AND IMPLEMENTATION POLICY. EACH BOARD DIRECTOR, OFFICER, AND EMPLOYEE IS REQUIRED TO COMPLETE A CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE STATEMENT ANNUALLY. EMPLOYEES MEET ANNUALLY WITH THE BRIGHTFOCUS' CHIEF COMPLIANCE OFFICER TO REVIEW THEIR CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENTS, AND GIVE AN ANNUAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST COMPLIANCE REPORT TO THE BOARD CHAIR AND VICE CHAIR. IF A CONFLICT IS REPORTED, IT IS THEN REFERRED TO THE PRESIDENT/CEO AND/OR BRIGHTFOCUS' LEGAL COUNSEL AND, IF APPROPRIATE AND NECESSARY, THEN TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OR ITS APPOINTED COMMITTEE FOR FURTHER ACTION. THE DIRECTOR'S AND OFFICER'S STATEMENTS ARE REVIEWED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS LEGAL COUNSEL. IF A CONFLICT IS REPORTED, IT IS THEN REFERRED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OR ITS APPOINTED COMMITTEE FOR FURTHER ACTION. AT THE TIME OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS DISCUSSION AND DECISION CONCERNING A CONFLICT OF INTEREST, THE CONFLICTED PARTY IS NOT PRESENT IN THE MEETING.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15	BRIGHTFOCUS' BOARD OF DIRECTORS HAS OVERALL AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY FOR APPROVING THE ANNUAL BUDGET WHICH INCLUDES SALARY AND BENEFITS FOR ALL EMPLOYEES AT EVERY LEVEL INCLUDING NON-DIRECTOR OFFICERS AND KEY EMPLOYEES. ALL PAY ADJUSTMENTS ARE MADE ON A YEARLY BASIS EFFECTIVE APRIL 1ST, THE BEGINNING OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS FISCAL YEAR. BEFORE APPROVING THE COMPENSATION OF THE PRESIDENT/CEO, THE BOARD DETERMINES THE TOTAL COMPENSATION TO BE PROVIDED BY BRIGHTFOCUS TO THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS REASONABLE IN LIGHT OF THE POSITION, RESPONSIBILITY AND QUALIFICATION OF THE POSITION HELD INCLUDING THE RESULT OF AN EVALUATION OF PRIOR PERFORMANCE FOR BRIGHTFOCUS, IF APPLICABLE. THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS EVALUATED ANNUALLY BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS THROUGH THE USE OF AN IN-DEPTH GOAL ATTAINMENT STRUCTURE, (DEVELOPED WITH ADVICE FROM BOARD SOURCE) THAT INCLUDES A SELF ASSESSMENT AND A BOARD OF DIRECTORS ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION AGAINST SET GOALS, OUTCOMES AND DELIVERABLES. IN ADDITION, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS PERIODICALLY ENGAGES AN OUTSIDE CONSULTANT TO OBTAIN AND CONSIDER APPROPRIATE DATA, INCLUDING A SALARY SURVEY, WHICH INCLUDES INFORMATION COMPILED FROM THE FEDERAL FORM 990 OF OTHER ORGANIZATIONS, CONCERNING COMPENSATION PAID TO CEOS IN LIKE CIRCUMSTANCES. IN MAKING THE DETERMINATION, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS SHALL CONSIDER TOTAL COMPENSATION TO INCLUDE THE SALARY AND VALUE OF ALL BENEFITS PROVIDED BY BRIGHTFOCUS TO THE INDIVIDUAL IN PAYMENT FOR SERVICES. AT THE TIME OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS BOARD DISCUSSION AND DECISION CONCERNING THE PRESIDENT/CEO'S COMPENSATION, THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS NOT PRESENT IN THE MEETING. THE BOARD SHALL SET FORTH THE BASIS FOR ITS DECISIONS WITH RESPECT TO COMPENSATION IN THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING AT WHICH THE DECISIONS ARE MADE, INCLUDING THE CONCLUSIONS OF THE EVALUATION AND THE BASIS FOR DETERMINING THAT THE INDIVIDUAL'S COMPENSATION WAS REASONABLE IN LIGHT OF THE EVALUATION AND COMPARABILITY DATA. THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS CHARGED WITH THE SETTING OF SALARIES OF ALL OTHER EMPLOYEES IN ACCORDANCE WITH A COMPENSATION STRUCTURE AND BUDGET APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. THE PRESIDENT/CEO AND HUMAN RESOURCES REVIEW EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS THAT INCLUDE KEY EMPLOYEES, BY PERIODICALLY ENGAGING AN OUTSIDE CONSULTANT TO CONDUCT COMPENSATION AND BENEFIT BENCHMARKING STUDIES THAT INCLUDE VARIOUS REGIONAL AND NATIONAL NON-PROFIT COMPENSATION REPORTS AND SURVEYS. COMPENSATION DELIBERATIONS AND DECISIONS INCLUDE THE REVIEW OF SELF AND SUPERVISORY EVALUATIONS OF EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE COMPARED TO SET INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19	BRIGHTFOCUS MAKES ITS GOVERNING DOCUMENTS INCLUDING ITS ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS, THE FEDERAL FORM 1023, THE 501(C)(3) LETTER OF DETERMINATION FROM THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FEDERAL FORM 990 AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST. IN ADDITION, THE PUBLIC ALSO HAS ACCESS TO THE ANNUAL REPORT, AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, THE 501(C)(3) LETTER OF DETERMINATION FROM THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, AND FEDERAL FORM 990 ON OUR WEBSITE.
FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9:	RECOVERIES OF PRIOR YEAR GRANTS 528,609. CHANGE IN PRESENT VALUE OF GRANTS 361,988.
SCHEDULE F, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN D:	REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LAIA MONTOLIU-GAYA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022015F) SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENT OF SIX TAU PHOSPHORYLATIONS IN BLOOD TO STAGE ALZHEIMER`S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: A RELIABLE BLOOD TEST WOULD HAVE A GREAT POTENTIAL FOR DIAGNOSIS OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (AD). IN THE RECENT YEARS, MANY ASSAYS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED TO MEASURE DIFFERENT PATHOLOGICAL VARIANTS OF A PROTEIN CALLED TAU IN BLOOD. WHEN TRYING TO DETERMINE WHICH VARIANT IS THE BEST BIOMARKER, STUDIES CAN ONLY COMPARE THE ASSAYS, BUT NOT THE LEVELS OF THE VARIANTS BECAUSE THEY ARE MEASURED DIFFERENTLY. WE HAVE DEVELOPED A NOVEL METHOD THAT CAN COMPARE ALL THESE VARIANTS AT THE SAME TIME IN THE SAME SAMPLE. WE AIM TO USE THIS METHOD TO DETERMINE THE BEST BLOOD BIOMARKER FOR THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF AD. GRANT AWARDED: $200,000, UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG, INSTITUTE FOR NEUROSCIENCE AND PHYSIOLOGY, GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022015F REGION: NORTH AMERICA (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHRISTOPHER MORRONE, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022016F) IMPAIRMENTS IN SLEEP AND PROTEOSTASIS ACCELERATE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PROGRESSION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: I HYPOTHESIZE THAT SLEEP LOSS AND PROTEIN RECYCLING FAILURE ARE INTERACTIVE EVENTS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), THAT PRECEDE MEMORY LOSS AND PREDICT DISEASE PROGRESSION. TO TEST THIS, I WILL LOOK AT SLEEP AND MEMORY, NEURONAL FUNCTION, AND MARKERS OF PROTEIN RECYCLING AND PATHOLOGY IN AN AD MOUSE MODEL TO SEE IF IMPROVING PROTEIN RECYCLING CAN RESCUE BEHAVIOR. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MODELS WILL BE USED TO ASSESS THE CONTRIBUTION OF THESE BIOLOGICAL EVENTS TO PREDICT MEMORY LOSS AND DISEASE RISK, FACILITATING THE DISCOVERY OF NOVEL BIOMARKERS AND TREATMENTS FOR AD. GRANT AWARDED: $200,000, CENTRE FOR ADDICTION AND MENTAL HEALTH, TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022016F REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SANDRA O. TOME, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022019F) INVESTIGATING TDP-43 BIOLOGY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND LATE: IMPACT ON THE CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DEMENTIA AFFECTS AROUND 50 MILLION PEOPLE WORLDWIDE, CAUSING DEVASTATING CONSEQUENCES TO THESE PATIENTS, THEIR FAMILIES AND SOCIETY. ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) AND LATE ARE THE MOST COMMON DEMENTIAS IN THE ELDERLY. A LINK BETWEEN THESE DISEASES IS THE PRESENCE OF PATHOLOGICAL AGGREGATES WITH TDP-43 PROTEIN. IN LATE, IT IS THE MAJOR CAUSE OF THE DISEASE WHILE IN AD IT ACCUMULATES ALONGSIDE AMYLOID-BETA AND TAU PROTEINS, WORSENING COGNITION. A RELEVANT QUESTION IS WHETHER THE TDP-43 PATHOLOGY OBSERVED IN AD AND LATE IS MOLECULARLY SIMILAR AND HOW IT IMPACTS THE CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF THESE PATIENTS. GRANT AWARDED: $200,000, CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN, BELGIUM. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022019F REGION: EAST ASIA & PACIFIC (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KRISTIE STEFANOSKA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022022F) MASTER SITES OF TAU PHOSPHORYLATION AS TREATMENT TARGETS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE CORRELATES WITH THE ABNORMAL ACCUMULATION OF A BRAIN MOLECULE CALLED TAU. TAU UNDERGOES MODIFICATION, WHICH SUBSEQUENTLY CAUSES IT TO COLLECT WITH OTHER TAU PROTEINS AND FORM LARGER, ABNORMAL STRUCTURES IN THE BRAIN. I MADE THE DISCOVERY THAT TAU CONTAINS DISEASE-PROMOTING SITES, WHICH ARE ESSENTIAL IN DRIVING MODIFICATION IN THIS PROTEIN AND I AIM TO INVESTIGATE HOW REMOVING THE DISEASE-PROMOTING SITES ON TAU COULD REDUCE ABNORMAL MODIFICATION OF TAU, AND THUS BE USED AS A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO MITIGATE PROCESSES UNDERLYING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. GRANT AWARDED: $199,034, THE FLINDERS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA, BEDFORD PARK, ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022022F REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LARISSA TRAXLER, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022024F) ASSESSMENT OF THE PYRUVATE KINASE ISOFORM IMBALANCE IN THE LOSS OF CELL IDENTITY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE NEURONS AND NEUROINFLAMMATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS A FATAL NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE WITH NO CURE IN SIGHT. BY GENERATING PATIENT-SPECIFIC INDUCED NEURONS (INS), WE FOUND THAT ALZHEIMER NEURONS BEHAVE SIMILARLY TO CANCER CELLS, AS THEY DE-DIFFERENTIATE TOWARDS A PRECURSOR STATE. HOWEVER, INSTEAD OF INITIATING PROLIFERATION, NEURONS GET VULNERABLE TO STRESS-INDUCED PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH. IN THIS PROJECT, WE WILL DEEPLY CHARACTERIZE PYRUVATE KINASE M (PKM) IN THIS PROCESS IN POST-MITOTIC NEURONS, AND ASSESS PKM AS A THERAPEUTIC TARGET FOR REVERSING THE AD PHENOTYPE. GRANT AWARDED: $200,000, UNIVERSITAT INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022024F REGION: MIDDLE EAST (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY URI ASHERY, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022029S) TOWARDS NANOSCALE BLUEPRINTS OF EARLY MOLECULAR, SYNAPTIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DEGENERATION OF SYNAPTIC CONTACTS BETWEEN NEURONS IN THE BRAIN IS ONE OF THE FIRST PROCESSES THAT LEAD TO ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). THIS OCCURS NEAR AMYLOID DEPOSITS, WHICH ARE THE MAIN HALLMARKS OF AD. HOWEVER, WHAT CAUSES SYNAPTIC LOSS IS NOT KNOWN. WE WILL USE, FIRST TIME IN AD, A NOVEL PLATFORM WE DEVELOPED, TO DETECT MOLECULAR CHANGES OF HUNDREDS OF GENES IN INTACT BRAIN TISSUES AT EARLY DISEASE STAGES, RELATE THEM TO SPECIFIC CELL TYPES, PROXIMITY TO AMYLOID DEPOSITS, AND SEX DIFFERENCES. UNDERSTANDING THESE MECHANISMS WILL HELP DEVELOP THERAPEUTICS TO HINDER AND PREVENT THESE PROCESSES. GRANT AWARDED: $300,000, TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY, ISRAEL. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022029S REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SAMUEL BARNES, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022030S) FUNCTIONAL AND MOLECULAR MAPPING OF VULNERABLE GABAERGIC SYNAPSES IN EARLY-STAGE AD PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: LOSS OF SYNAPTIC CONNECTION POINTS BETWEEN BRAIN CELLS HAS BEEN LINKED TO MEMORY LOSS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). HOWEVER, NOT ALL SYNAPSES ARE LOST DURING THE DISEASE, WITH SOME REPORTS FINDING APPROXIMATELY 60% SYNAPTIC SURVIVAL. WE AIM TO UNDERSTAND THE MOLECULES AND RESPONSE PROPERTIES THAT MAKE SOME SYNAPSES VULNERABLE AND OTHERS RESILIENT. TO DO THIS, WE WILL USE MOUSE MODELS AND HUMAN AD BRAIN TISSUE TO IDENTIFY KEY MOLECULES AT SYNAPSES WITH NORMAL AND ABNORMAL RESPONSES DURING DISEASE PROGRESSION. WE WILL USE THIS INFORMATION TO DEVELOP NEW MEDICAL APPROACHES TO BOOST SYNAPSE SURVIVAL IN AD. GRANT AWARDED: $299,715, IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022030S REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MARTA CORTES-CANTELI, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022034S) UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF MIDLIFE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS & SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS ON BRAINS HEALTH: A ROLE ON ALZHEIMERS PATHOLOGY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS INCREASE THE LIKELIHOOD OF DEVELOPING MEMORY PROBLEMS IN THE ELDERLY AND, INDEED, CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE APPEAR TOGETHER IN SYMPTOMATIC STAGES. AS BOTH DISEASES SHARE RISK FACTORS AND HAVE LONG SUBCLINICAL PHASES, WE PROPOSE TO ANALYZE WHAT IS HAPPENING DURING THE 10-20 YEARS BEFORE THE SYMPTOMS OF BOTH PATHOLOGIES APPEAR. OUR STUDIES WILL DECIPHER WHETHER NOT MAINTAINING A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE WHEN YOU ARE IN YOUR 50'S COULD START HAVING NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES FOR YOUR BRAIN AT THAT MOMENT AND CONTRIBUTE TO MEMORY PROBLEMS A DECADE LATER. GRANT AWARDED: $300,000, CENTRO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES CARDIOVASCULARES CARLOS III (F.S.P.), MADRID, SPAIN. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022034S
SCHEDULE F, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN D, CONTINUED:	REGION: MIDDLE EAST (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY YUVAL DOR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022035S) LIQUID BIOPSY FOR DETECTION OF CELL DEATH IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE BASED ON CFDNA METHYLATION PATTERNS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: WE PROPOSE TO ESTABLISH A NOVEL TYPE OF BLOOD TEST A LIQUID BIOPSY - TO IDENTIFY AND MONITOR CELL DEATH IN THE BRAIN AND IN OTHER KEY TISSUES IN PATIENTS DEVELOPING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). THE APPROACH IS BASED ON A NEW TECHNOLOGY THAT ALLOWS TO DETERMINE THE TISSUE SOURCES OF DNA MOLECULES RELEASED FROM DYING CELLS TO THE BLOOD, USING CELL TYPE-SPECIFIC DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS. THE ASSAY WILL BE APPLIED TO BLOOD SAMPLES OBTAINED FROM HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS, PEOPLE WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT THAT GO ON TO DEVELOP AD, AND PATIENTS WITH ESTABLISHED DISEASE. GRANT AWARDED: $300,000, HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM, ISRAEL. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022035S REGION: NORTH AMERICA (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SUE-ANN MOK, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022044S) DISSECTING HOW PTMS REGULATE TAU AGGREGATE STRAIN FORMATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, MOLECULES OF TAU PROTEIN FORM VERY SPECIFIC SHAPES AS THEY STACK TOGETHER TO CREATE LARGE STRUCTURES CALLED AGGREGATES THAT ARE THOUGHT TO CONTRIBUTE TO DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF DISEASE. IF WE COULD FIGURE OUT THE FACTORS THAT CAUSE TAU TO TAKE ON THE SPECIFIC SHAPES WE OBSERVE IN DISEASE, WE MAY BE ABLE TO PREVENT THIS PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS. WE ARE USING ADVANCED BIOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES TO STUDY HUNDREDS OF POTENTIAL FACTORS, CALLED POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, AND IDENTIFY THE KEY FACTORS LEADING TO THE TAU SHAPES OBSERVED IN ALZHEIMER'S. GRANT AWARDED: $299,851, UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA, EDMONTON, CANADA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022044S REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DOMINIK PAQUET, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022045S) DEVELOPMENT OF A HUMAN IPSC-BASED TAUOPATHY MODEL SHOWING ADVANCED PHENOTYPES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: INVESTIGATING THE MECHANISMS LEADING TO NERVE CELL DECLINE IN DEMENTIAS REQUIRES EXPERIMENTAL DISEASE MODELS. WE WILL DEVELOP A HUMAN MODEL OF TAU-RELATED DEMENTIAS, SUCH AS ALZHEIMER'S AND FTD. THE TAU PROTEIN PLAYS A CENTRAL ROLE IN DEMENTIA FORMATION AND NERVE CELL DEATH. BUT ITS REGULATION IN HUMAN NERVE CELLS DIFFERS FROM MICE, WHICH ARE CURRENTLY USED AS MODELS. USING BRAIN CELLS DERIVED FROM HUMAN STEM CELLS AND GENOME EDITING WITH CRISPR, WE AIM TO GENERATE BRAIN TISSUE WITH GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN THE TAU GENE LEADING TO DEMENTIA IN PATIENTS, TO INVESTIGATE HUMAN DISEASE MECHANISMS. GRANT AWARDED: $300,000, HOSPITAL OF THE LUDWIG MAXIMILIAN, UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH, GERMANY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022045S REGION: NORTH AMERICA (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CARLOS RONCERO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022046S) UNDERSTANDING HOW ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IMPACTS THE THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE TO TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION (TDCS) IS A NEW POTENTIAL THERAPY FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). FURTHER WORK IS NEEDED FOR UNDERSTANDING HOW TDCS COULD BE OPTIMIZED AND WHICH INDIVIDUALS ARE THE BEST CANDIDATES FOR RECEIVING THIS FORM OF THERAPY. THE PROPOSED PROJECT WILL TEST A NEW INTENSITY LEVEL OF TDCS THAT MAY PRODUCE STRONGER RESULTS IN PEOPLE WITH AD AND COLLECT PARTICIPANT INFORMATION TO IDENTIFY WHO BEST RESPONDS TO TDCS. THESE RESULTS WILL HELP US OPTIMIZE AND TAILOR TDCS FOR PEOPLE WITH AD. GRANT AWARDED: $243,196, BAYCREST CENTRE FOR GERIATRIC CARE, TORONTO, CANADA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022046S REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CARLOS SAURA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022047S) TARGETING EXCITATORY NEURAL CIRCUITS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: COMMUNICATION OF NEURONS IS FUNDAMENTAL FOR BRAIN FUNCTION DURING COGNITION, MEMORY AND MENTAL PROCESSES. DISRUPTION OF MEMORY NEURAL CIRCUITS CONTRIBUTES TO PATHOLOGY, NEURODEGENERATION AND MEMORY LOSS EARLY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), BUT THE MECHANISMS INVOLVED REMAIN UNKNOWN. THIS PROJECT WILL EMPLOY NOVEL STATE-OF-THE ART MOUSE MODELS AND TECHNIQUES TO UNRAVEL THE MECHANISMS UNDERLYING MEMORY CIRCUIT DISRUPTION AND HOW IT CONTRIBUTES TO MEMORY LOSS EARLY IN AD. FINALLY, WE WILL DEVELOP NOVEL PHARMACOGENETIC AND GENE THERAPY APPROACHES TO ACTIVATE NEURAL CIRCUITS AND MEMORY IN AD. GRANT AWARDED: $300,000, UNIVERSITY AUTONOMA OF BARCELONA, BELLATERRA, SPAIN. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022047S REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DR. GAELLE CHETELAT ENTITLED: (CA2021013) SEX DIFFERENCES IN RISK PROFILES ACROSS THE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE CONTINUUM. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS PROJECT, WHICH WILL TAKE PLACE AT UNIVERSITY OF CAEN NORMANDIE. BASED ON TWO EXISTING COHORTS OF PEOPLE AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, DR. CHETELAT'S TEAM WILL HIGHLIGHT GENDER-SPECIFIC RISK PROFILES AND ASSESS THEIR ABILITY TO PREDICT THE CLINICAL COURSE OF PATIENTS. NEXT, THE TEAM WILL INVESTIGATE WHETHER THESE RISK PROFILES CAN BE REDUCED BY AN INTERVENTION BASED ON MENTAL TRAINING (THROUGH MEDITATION OR LEARNING ENGLISH). IDENTIFYING AND DISTINGUISHING THE RISK FACTORS THAT ARE SPECIFIC TO MEN AND WOMEN SHOULD ALLOW BETTER CONSIDERATION OF SEX-RELATED DIFFERENCES AND THUS LEAD TO AN EARLIER DIAGNOSIS OF THE DISEASE. THE RESULTS OF THIS PROJECT WILL ALSO HELP IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALIZED MANAGEMENT OF THE DISEASE, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITIES OF MEN AND WOMEN. GRANT AWARDED: $68,278, FONDATION VAINCRE ALZHEIMER, PARIS, FRANCE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CA2021013 REGION: EAST ASIA & PACIFIC (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY EMMANUELLE SOUZEAU, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022002F) INVESTIGATING NOVEL GENETIC COUNSELING AND COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES FOR POLYGENIC RISK TESTING IN GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF POLYGENIC RISK SCORES (PRS) FOR GLAUCOMA MAKES GENETIC TESTING AN IDEAL STRATEGY TO IDENTIFY AT-RISK INDIVIDUALS WHO CAN BENEFIT FROM EARLY MANAGEMENT TO REDUCE PREVENTABLE BLINDNESS. HOWEVER, THE CURRENT LACK IN REPORTING STRATEGIES TO EFFICIENTLY COMMUNICATE PRS TO PATIENTS IMPEDES THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TESTING IN CLINICAL PRACTICE. THIS PROPOSAL AIMS TO DEVELOP THE FIRST PATIENT-FRIENDLY REPORTS AND ASSESS DELIVERY METHODS FOR RISK COMMUNICATION OF PRS FOR GLAUCOMA, WHICH WILL ULTIMATELY BENEFIT AT-RISK INDIVIDUALS GLOBALLY. GRANT AWARDED: $148,049, THE FLINDERS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA, BEDFORD PARK, ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022002F REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MARCO FELIGIONI, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022015S) SPECIFICALLY TARGETING GLUTAMATE RELEASE TO TACKLE RETINAL GANGLION CELL DEGENERATION IN GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS A PROGRESSIVE AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDER AFFECTING RETINAL CELLS VIABILITY WHICH PROGRESSIVELY BRINGS TO BLINDNESS. DESPITE THE PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENTS AVAILABLE ON THE MARKET, NORMALLY LIMITED TO ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS, THERE ARE NO TREATMENTS TO PROTECT THE RETINA AND OPTIC NERVE FROM THE PROGRESSIVE DAMAGE. THEREFORE NEUROPROTECTION IS AN UNMET MEDICAL NEED FOR WHICH THE RESEARCH IS TRYING TO GIVE NEW ANSWER. IN THIS CONTEXT, THIS PROJECT AIMS AT INVESTIGATING THE PROPERTIES OF OUR NEW DRUG AGAINST DEGENERATION OF RETINAL GANGLIAL CELLS GRANT AWARDED: $200,000, FONDAZIONE EBRI "RITA LEVI-MONTALCINI", ROME, ITALY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022015S REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY NICOLE NOEL, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022002F) ASSESSING RETINAL DISEASE MANIFESTATION AND NEUROPROTECTION IN THE KILLIFISH MODEL OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS WORK PROVIDES THE UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY TO DEVELOP KILLIFISH AS A RETINAL AGEING MODEL, DETERMINE THE CELLULAR MECHANISMS THAT LEAD TO AMD, AND ASSESS HOW HEALTHY RETINAL AGEING CAN BE PROMOTED IN A MODEL OF AGE-RELATED RETINAL DEGENERATION. GRANT AWARDED: $199,998, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022002F
SCHEDULE F, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN D, CONTINUED:	REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY LUCIA CELKOVA, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022004F) AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE ROLE OF PANOPTOSIS IN GEOGRAPHIC ATROPHY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE RESEARCH PROPOSED HERE AIMS TO EXPLORE A MASTER "DECISION MAKER" WHICH COULD INTEGRATE AND PROCESS THESE TRIGGERS AND GUIDE THE FATE OF RPE CELLS EITHER TOWARDS SURVIVAL OR DEATH. THROUGH THIS, WE WILL NOT ONLY GAIN A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE COMPLEX PROCESS UNDERLYING RPE CELL DEATH, BUT WILL ALSO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL NEW TARGETS AND STRATEGIES FOR THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION IN DRY AMD. GRANT AWARDED: $200,000, COLLEGE OF THE HOLY AND UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH, DUBLIN, IRELAND. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022004F REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY YARA LECHANTEUR, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022013N) CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF EARLY ONSET DRUSEN MACULOPATHY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF BLINDNESS. IT USUALLY STARTS AT AN AFTER THE AGE OF 65 BUT SOME PATIENTS DEVELOP A SIMILAR PHENOTYPE ALREADY BEFORE THEY TURN 50. WE AIM TO STUDY THESE YOUNG ONSET CASES BY STUDYING THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS AND BY LOOKING AT GENETIC FACTORS AND SPECIFIC MARKERS IN BLOODSAMPLES. OUR AIM IS TO IDENTIFY NEW FACTORS THAT ARE INVOLVED IN THIS DISEASE. BETTER KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE DISEASE CAN AID IN DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE THERAPIES AND MAY BRING US A STEP CLOSER TOWARDS TREATMENT. GRANT AWARDED: $449,838, RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN MEDICAL CENTRE, NIJMEGEN, NETHERLANDS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022013N REGION: NORTH AMERICA (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY PRZEMYSLAW SAPIEHA, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022015I) EARLY LIFE METABOLIC EVENTS INFLUENCE AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: IMMUNE CELLS, WHICH PLAY A KEY ROLE IN THE ABERRANT BLOOD VESSEL GROWTH DURING AMD, ARE ALTERED FOLLOWING ENCOUNTERS WITH PATHOGENS, AS WELL AS DURING PERSISTENT EVENTS SUCH AS OBESITY, POTENTIALLY IMPACTING DISEASE DEVELOPMENT. IN THIS PROPOSAL, WE WILL ASSESS WHETHER IMMUNE CELLS ARE MODIFIED IN A WAY THAT INCREASES THE RISK OF AMD FOLLOWING WEIGHT GAIN AND SUBSEQUENT WEIGHT LOSS. UNDERSTANDING HOW IMMUNE CELLS RESPOND IN THE CONTEXT OF PAST OBESITY WILL ALLOW US TO GAIN INSIGHT ON MECHANISMS THAT CAUSE AMD AND POTENTIALLY LEAD THE WAY TO DEVELOPING TARGETED INTERVENTIONS. GRANT AWARDED: $600,000, HOSPITAL MAISONNEUVE-ROSEMONT, MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022015I REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY WEN HWA LEE, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022002) CREATING FORESIGHT: CHARITY-LED BIG DATA RESOURCE FOR DISCOVERY OF NOVEL BIOMARKERS FOR MULTIPLE CONDITIONS USING EYE SCANS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO BUILD A PROSPECTIVE DATASET OF HIGH-CONTENT IMAGES AND 3D SUB-TISSUE RETINAL SCANS OF 500,000 PARTICIPANTS WITH CONSENT FOR SECONDARY USE AND LINKAGE TO OTHER HEALTH DATASETS. PARTICIPANTS AND DATA COLLECTION WILL BE DISEASE AGNOSTIC AND WILL INCLUDE HEALTHY PARTICIPANTS; 500,000 MILESTONE TO BE REACHED BY YEAR 3; ETHICAL, TRANSPARENT, AND PUBLICLY SUPPORTED DATA ACCESS MODEL; PARTICIPANTS' EYE SCANS CAN BE LINKED TO GENOTYPING DATA TO BE GENERATED BY UK'S OUR FUTURE HEALTH INITIATIVE. FURTHER THIS DATASET WILL BE MADE AVAILABLE FOR RESEARCH VIA COLLABORATION WITH SCIENTISTS FROM ACADEMIA AND/OR SMES. GRANT AWARDED: $250,000, ACTION AGAINST AMD, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CM2022002
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: ALBANY MEDICAL COLLEGE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHARLY ABI GHANEM, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022001F) INFLUENCE OF ANDROGENS ON MULTI-ETIOLOGY DEMENTIA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: LOW TESTOSTERONE LEVELS IN MEN ARE A RISK FACTOR FOR DEMENTIA AND ARE ASSOCIATED WITH COGNITIVE DECLINE. THIS STUDY WILL INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF TESTOSTERONE REMOVAL AND TREATMENT ON COGNITIVE DECLINE AND PATHOLOGY IN A NEW MOUSE MODEL OF MULTI-ETIOLOGY DEMENTIA. THIS ADDRESSES A MAJOR BRAIN HEALTH ISSUE IN MEN (DEMENTIA) AND CONTRIBUTES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW TREATMENTS AND PREVENTIONS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022001F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANA RITA AGRA DE ALMEIDA QUADROS, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022002F) TDP-43-DEPENDENT TRUNCATION OF STATHMIN-2 MRNA AS A NOVEL TARGET IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ACCUMULATION OF TOXIC PROTEINS IN THE BRAIN FROM PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) CONTRIBUTES TO NEURODEGENERATION. TDP-43 IS ONE OF THE PROTEINS THAT ABNORMALLY ACCUMULATES IN UP TO 50% OF AD PATIENTS. RECENTLY, MY LABORATORY AND OTHERS SHOWED THAT STATHMIN-2, A PROTEIN CRUCIAL FOR NEURONAL FUNCTION, IS LOST IN NEURONS WITH ABNORMAL TDP-43. I WILL DETERMINE WHETHER STATHMIN-2 IS ALTERED IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATIENTS AND REPRESENTS A NEW POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR PATIENTS WITH TDP-43 PATHOLOGY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022002F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WEILL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CORNELL UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANTOINE ANFRAY, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022003F) ROLE OF PERIVASCULAR MACROPHAGES IN APOE4-INDUCED NEUROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ACCUMULATING EVIDENCE SUGGEST THAT EARLY ALTERATION IN THE BLOOD FLOW IN THE BRAIN IS AN IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTING FACTOR TO ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). INDIVIDUALS WITH APOLIPOPROTEIN E E4 (APOE4), A LEADING GENETIC RISK FACTOR FOR AD, HAVE REDUCED BLOOD FLOW TO THE BRAIN; HOWEVER, THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS ARE UNKNOWN. THEREFORE, THE AIM OF THIS PROJECT IS TO STUDY THE BRAIN BLOOD FLOW DYSFUNCTION CAUSED BY APOE4 WITH THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF IDENTIFYING NEW PATHWAYS THAT COULD BE USED TO DEVELOP NEW DRUGS FOR THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF DEMENTIA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022003F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: STANFORD UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHING-CHIEH CHOU, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022004F) ROLE OF AGE-RELATED LYSOSOMAL VULNERABILITY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: LYSOSOMAL VULNERABILITY IS CRITICAL TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), WHEREAS THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF THE DEFICIT IN HUMAN NEURONS IS NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD. I HARNESS THE LINEAGE REPROGRAMMING TECHNOLOGY TO TRANSDIFFERENTIATE HUMAN SOMATIC CELLS INTO NEURONS (TNEURONS) TO FACILITATE THE LEARNING OF DISEASE BIOLOGY AND TEST THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES FOR AD. THE OUTCOMES WILL ADVANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF LYSOSOMAL DYSFUNCTION AND LYSOSOME-TARGETING COMPOUNDS FOR AD AND POTENTIALLY AND OTHER DEMENTIAS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022004F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA (IRVINE). (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHRISTIAN CROUZET, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022005F) THE EFFECT OF HYPERTENSION ON NEUROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PROGRESSION DURING MIDLIFE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: MIDLIFE HYPERTENSION IS AN INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT RISK FACTOR FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) AND RELATED DEMENTIAS. WE WILL INVESTIGATE HOW HYPERTENSION AFFECTS THE PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE FROM A BLOOD FLOW, COGNITIVE, AND PATHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE THROUGH MIDLIFE. WE WILL TEST IF ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE MEDICATION CAN SLOW THE PROGRESSION OF AD AND IMPROVE COGNITIVE FUNCTION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022005F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS CHAN MEDICAL SCHOOL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY VIOLETA DURAN LAFORET, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022006F) HARNESSING SPATIAL TRANSCRIPTOMICS TO INVESTIGATE THE INTERSECTION OF SENESCENCE AND INFLAMMATION IN NEURODEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGING IS THE MAJOR RISK FACTOR FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). SENESCENCE, A HALLMARK OF AGING, IS A PROCESS BY WHICH A CELL NO LONGER CAN PROLIFERATE. SINCE MICROGLIA, THE PRIMARY IMMUNE CELL OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, BECOME SENESCENT IN AD, I WILL INVESTIGATE IF THEY INITIATE THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS IN THE AGING BRAIN AND STUDY IF SENESCENT CELLS ARE PRESENT IN SPECIFIC LOCATIONS WITHIN THE BRAIN IN AD. TO DO SO, I WILL IMPLEMENT AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH CALLED MERFISH TO LOOK AT 100'S OF GENES DIRECTLY IN TISSUE. ULTIMATELY, THIS STUDY COULD RESULT IN IDENTIFYING NEW THERAPEUTIC TARGETS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022006F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY GABRIELA FARIAS QUIPILDOR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022007F) SCRUTINIZING THE FUNCTION OF TREM2 AND TYROBP IN MICROGLIAL HOMEOSTASIS AND ACTIVATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DURING NORMAL AGING AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), MICROGLIA, THE PRIMARY IMMUNE CELL IN THE BRAIN, HAVE SHOWN TO HAVE A DIFFERENT PHENOTYPE, MORPHOLOGY, AND FUNCTION UPON ACTIVATION. HOWEVER, THERE ARE STILL MANY UNKNOWNS IN RELATION TO THE MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE DIFFERENT ACTIVATION STATES OF MICROGLIA. THEREFORE, THIS STUDY PROPOSES TO DISSECT THE INVOLVEMENT OF KEY REGULATORS OF MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION IN NORMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND DISEASE AND TO PROVIDE NEW INSIGHTS ON THE ROLE OF MICROGLIA IN AD PATHOGENESIS WITH THE POTENTIAL TO UNEARTH NEW THERAPEUTIC TARGETS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022007F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BRANDON HOLMES, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022008F) INTERROGATING AND TARGETING THE MICROGLIA CELL-SURFACE IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE MICROGLIA SURFACEOME SERVES AS A CRITICAL CELLULAR HUB THAT ENABLES NEUROPROTECTIVE, NEUROTOXIC, AND NEUROINFLAMMATORY SIGNALING IN THE DISEASED BRAIN. THE ABILITY TO PRECISELY TARGET AND MANIPULATE DIVERSE MICROGLIA STATES THEREFORE HOLDS TREMENDOUS EXPERIMENTAL, DIAGNOSTIC, AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL. THE PROPOSED PROJECT WILL USE INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES TO COMPREHENSIVELY DEFINE THE SURFACEOME CHANGES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE MICROGLIA AND WILL THEREFORE PROVIDE THE FIRST HUMAN CELL-SURFACE PROTEIN MAP IN THIS CELL TYPE AND DISEASE CONTEXT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022008F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY HOANG LE, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022009F) UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF TREM2 T96K MUTATION IN THE LIGAND-BINDING DOMAIN ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATHOGENESIS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS THE LEADING CAUSE OF DEMENTIA AFFECTING MORE THAN 5.8 MILLION PEOPLE IN THE UNITED STATES; HOWEVER, WE STILL DO NOT HAVE EFFECTIVE THERAPIES TO PREVENT OR DELAY THIS DEBILITATING DISEASE. THIS PROPOSED STUDY AIMS TO UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT OF THE AD-ASSOCIATED MUTATION TREM2 T96K ON AD PATHOGENESIS USING A NOVEL TREM2 T96K KNOCK-IN MICE CROSSED WITH THE 5XFAD MOUSE MODEL OF AD AS WELL AS IN VITRO MICROGLIAL MODELS. THE INSIGHTS OBTAINED SHOULD BE USEFUL FOR AD DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT TARGETING TREM2. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022009F
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H), CONTINUED:	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ALEXANDRA LITVINCHUK, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022010F) THE ROLE OF ABCA1 IN REGULATION OF GLIAL LIPID METABOLISM IN APOE4-INDUCED TAUOPATHY AND ALZHEIMER`S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: APOE4 IS THE STRONGEST GENETIC RISK FACTOR FOR DEVELOPING LATE-ONSET AD AND WAS SHOWN TO MARKEDLY ELEVATE TAU PATHOLOGY AND NEURODEGENERATION IN THE P301S/APOE4 TAUOPATHY MICE. A DISRUPTION OF LIPID METABOLISM IN GLIA IS LINKED TO NEUROINFLAMMATION AND NEURODEGENERATION IN SEVERAL STUDIES; WE RECENTLY DETECTED A SIGNIFICANT BUILDUP OF LIPIDS IN GLIA OF AGED P301S/APOE4 ANIMALS. IN THIS STUDY, WE WILL ASSESS THE ROLE OF ABCA1 LIPID TRANSPORTER IN MODULATION OF GLIAL LIPID METABOLISM IN THE P301S/APOE4 MICE, THUS, PROVIDING NOVEL THERAPEUTIC AVENUES FOR TREATING TAUOPATHY AND AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022010F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHAO LIU, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022011F) DEVELOPING A NOVEL OPTICAL IMAGING METHOD TO INVESTIGATE THE RELATIONSHIP OF WHITE MATTER ABNORMALITY AND VASCULATURE IN CEREBRAL AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: WHITE MATTER HYPERINTENSITY (WMH) IS A TYPICAL NEUROIMAGE MARKER FOR THE DIAGNOSTICS OF CEREBRAL AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY (CAA), HOWEVER, ITS ROLE IN NEURODEGENERATION IS NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD. THE PROPOSED PROJECT AIMS TO ESTABLISH A VERSATILE TOOL, AUTOMATIC SERIAL 3D OPTICAL COHERENCE SCANNER (AS-3DOCS), WHICH WILL UNRAVEL THE SOURCES FOR WMH IN CLINICAL MRI. THE HIGH-RESOLUTION AS-3DOCS DATA WILL ENABLE ACCURATE QUANTIFICATION OF MYELINATION AND HAVE THE POTENTIALS TO GUIDE MRI IN DEVELOPING MORE SENSITIVE BIOMARKERS FOR EARLY-STAGE CAA AND TARGETED THERAPY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022011F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY COURTNEY MARSHALL, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022012F) IN VIVO CX-4945 INDUCED CK2 INHIBITION TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATHOLOGY AND COGNITIVE SYMPTOMS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) GENERATES PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN TAU IN ADDITION TO COGNITIVE DECLINE, YET AD RESEARCH HAS YET TO IDENTIFY A DISEASE MODIFYING TREATMENT. MEMANTINE IS CURRENTLY USED TO TREAT COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN AD PATIENTS. THIS PHARMACEUTICAL TOOL SELECTIVELY INHIBITS EXTRASYNAPTIC NR2B ACTIVITY. PRIOR STUDIES HAVE ESTABLISHED THAT CASEIN KINASE 2 (CK2) REGULATES SYNAPTIC/EXTRASYNAPTIC NR2B LOCATION AND SUGGEST A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF CK2 INHIBITION. WE PROPOSE USING A CLINICALLY APPROVED CK2 INHIBITOR TO TEST THIS EFFECT IN AN AD MOUSE MODEL. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022012F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY NICOLE MCKAY, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022013F) INVESTIGATING HOW WHITE MATTER INTEGRITY AND TAUOPATHY UNDERPIN COGNITIVE DECLINE IN AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT ALZHEIMER DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: IN THE YEARS LEADING UP TO ALZHEIMER DISEASE DIAGNOSIS, THE BRAIN BEGINS TO DETERIORATE. SCIENTISTS BELIEVE THAT ABNORMAL FORMS OF THE TAU PROTEIN MAY BE PARTIALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THESE CHANGES. THIS EXCESSIVE AND ABNORMAL TAU CAN SPREAD ALONG WHITE MATTER PATHWAYS CAUSING A BREAKDOWN IN THE WAY OUR BRAIN FUNCTIONS. UNFORTUNATELY, THESE WHITE MATTER PATHWAYS ARE CRITICAL FOR OUR ABILITY TO PERFORM MEMORY AND ATTENTION-BASED TASKS. OUR PROJECT AIMS TO UNDERSTAND HOW LEVELS OF TAU IMPACT THE INTEGRITY OF OUR BRAIN'S PATHWAYS AND LEADS TO A DECLINE IN COGNITION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022013F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PETER MILLAR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022014F) MODELING BRAIN-PREDICTED AGE IN AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT ALZHEIMER DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: RECENT MACHINE LEARNING TOOLS CAN MEASURE HOW "OLD" A PERSON'S BRAIN APPEARS, COMPARED TO OTHER HEALTHY BRAINS. IN SYMPTOMATIC ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), BRAINS APPEAR OLDER THAN EXPECTED, E.G., A 75-YEAR-OLD AD BRAIN MIGHT RESEMBLE A HEALTHY 84-YEAR-OLD'S BRAIN. WE WILL STUDY PEOPLE WITH A RARE GENETIC MUTATION FOR EARLY-ONSET ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, TO TEST IF THEIR BRAINS BEGIN TO APPEAR OLDER AS THEY APPROACH THEIR EXPECTED DEMENTIA ONSET. THESE ANALYSES WILL EVALUATE WHETHER CLINICIANS CAN USE THIS BRAIN-AGE APPROACH TO IDENTIFY PEOPLE WITH VERY EARLY AD PATHOLOGY AND PREDICT AD RISK. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022014F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: INDIANA UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MIGUEL MOUTINHO, PHRMD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022017F) CAN THE NIACIN RECEPTOR HCAR2 MODULATE MICROGLIA TO LIMIT THE PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE? INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS THE MOST COMMON FORM OF DEMENTIA FOR WHICH THERE IS NO EFFECTIVE TREATMENT. INCREASED DIETARY NIACIN INTAKE HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED RISK OF AD. NIACIN IS ABLE TO CROSS THE BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER AND ACTIVATE THE NIACIN RECEPTOR HCAR2. THIS RECEPTOR INDUCES BENEFICIAL EFFECTS IN OTHER DISEASE MODELS BY MODULATION OF BRAIN-RESIDENT IMMUNE CELLS (MICROGLIA). THUS, WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT HCAR2 REGULATES A PROTECTIVE RESPONSE OF MICROGLIA IN AD, WHICH CAN BE PHARMACOLOGICALLY STIMULATED WITH A CLINICAL FORMULATION OF NIACIN. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022017F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY TATSUKI NAKAGAWA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022018F) UNDERSTANDING NEURAL CIRCUIT MECHANISMS FOR ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY IMPAIRMENT IN APP-KI MICE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) AFFECTS 6 MILLION PEOPLE IN THE US, BUT NO CURE EXISTS. ALTHOUGH MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF AD BECOME CLEARER, IT IS STILL UNCLEAR WHAT TYPE OF NEURONAL BRAIN ACTIVITY IS LOST IN AD. IF WE UNDERSTAND THIS, WE MAY BE ABLE TO DEVELOP A THERAPY TO PREVENT MEMORY LOSS IN AD PATIENTS. IN THIS PROJECT, WE WILL IDENTIFY THE UNDERLYING CAUSES OF BRAIN CELL DYSFUNCTION, AND TEST IF ARTIFICIAL REACTIVATION OF BRAIN CELL ACTIVITY RESTORES ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY IN AD MICE. THESE STUDIES ARE EXPECTED TO LEAD TO A NEW METHOD FOR RESTORING MEMORY IN AD PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022018F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SAHIL SHARMA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022020F) DEVELOPMENT OF EPICHAPEROME IMAGING PROBES FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: MATCHING THE RIGHT PATIENT TO THE RIGHT MEDICINE IS A GOAL OF THE FUTURE IN MEDICINE. IN THIS PROPOSAL I AIM TO BUILD TOOLS THAT CAN BE USED TO IMAGE AND SELECT THOSE ALZHEIMER DISEASE (AD) PATIENTS THAT ARE MOST LIKELY TO BENEFIT FROM A NEW EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE WITH DISEASE-MODIFYING POTENTIAL. THIS MEDICINE, PU-AD, DEVELOPED BY MY LABORATORY, WORKS BY REBALANCING CELLULAR NETWORKS AND BRAIN CIRCUITS. IN MOUSE MODELS, IT REVERTED COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION AND IS CURRENTLY IN CLINICAL EVALUATION IN AD AND RELATED DISORDERS. TOOLS I DEVELOP HERE THEREFORE HAVE IMMEDIATE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022020F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LORENA SORDO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022021F) THE ROLE OF LEPTIN ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATHOGENESIS IN DOWN SYNDROME. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: PEOPLE WITH DOWN SYNDROME (DS) HAVE A HIGH RISK OF DEVELOPING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). MID-LIFE OBESITY AND LATE-LIFE WEIGHT LOSS INCREASE THE RISK OF AD. SINCE PEOPLE WITH DS TEND TO BE OVERWEIGHT, THEY MAY HAVE AN EVEN GREATER RISK OF DEVELOPING AD. WE WILL MEASURE LEVELS OF LEPTIN (A HORMONE THAT REGULATES APPETITE AND FOOD INTAKE THAT IS RELEASED IN RESPONSE TO THE AMOUNT OF FAT TISSUE IN THE BODY) IN PEOPLE WITH DS, WITH AND WITHOUT AD, AND WILL ASSESS THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LEPTIN LEVELS AND ABNORMAL DEPOSITION OF AMYLOID-BETA (AB) AND TAU, MAJOR HALLMARKS OF AD, IN THE BRAIN. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022021F
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H), CONTINUED:	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LORENA SORDO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022021F) THE ROLE OF LEPTIN ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATHOGENESIS IN DOWN SYNDROME. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: PEOPLE WITH DOWN SYNDROME (DS) HAVE A HIGH RISK OF DEVELOPING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). MID-LIFE OBESITY AND LATE-LIFE WEIGHT LOSS INCREASE THE RISK OF AD. SINCE PEOPLE WITH DS TEND TO BE OVERWEIGHT, THEY MAY HAVE AN EVEN GREATER RISK OF DEVELOPING AD. WE WILL MEASURE LEVELS OF LEPTIN (A HORMONE THAT REGULATES APPETITE AND FOOD INTAKE THAT IS RELEASED IN RESPONSE TO THE AMOUNT OF FAT TISSUE IN THE BODY) IN PEOPLE WITH DS, WITH AND WITHOUT AD, AND WILL ASSESS THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LEPTIN LEVELS AND ABNORMAL DEPOSITION OF AMYLOID-BETA (AB) AND TAU, MAJOR HALLMARKS OF AD, IN THE BRAIN. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022021F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY - EVANSTON CAMPUS. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY XIAOJING SUI, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022023F) COMPREHENSIVE IDENTIFICATION OF THE METASTABLE SUBPROTEOME DYSREGULATED IN AGING AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IS A LEADING CAUSE OF DEMENTIA AND AGING IS A STRONG RISK FACTOR. THIS STUDY WILL IDENTIFY THE PROTEINS THAT GO AWRY IN AGING AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, USING AN ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY THAT CAN SCREEN THOUSANDS OF PROTEINS AT A TIME. THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF THE PROJECT IS TO IDENTIFY NEW PROTEIN BIOMARKERS OF AGING AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND PROVIDE NEW TREATMENT TARGETS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022023F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO, BOULDER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MEAGHAN VAN ALSTYNE, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022025F) ROLES AND APPLICATIONS OF SRRM2 IN THE ASSEMBLY AND DISASSEMBLY OF TAU AGGREGATES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: A KEY HALLMARK OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IS TAU AGGREGATION WHICH IS BELIEVED TO PLAY A ROLE IN NEURONAL DEGENERATION. WITH NO CURATIVE TREATMENTS AVAILABLE, IT IS CRITICAL TO BETTER UNDERSTAND DISEASE MECHANISMS TO DEVELOP EFFECTIVE TREATMENTS. WE RECENTLY IDENTIFIED TAU AGGREGATES CONTAIN A PROTEIN RELOCATED FROM NUCLEAR SPECKLES CALLED SRRM2. THIS RESEARCH PLAN WILL INVESTIGATE THE INTERACTION OF SRRM2 WITH TAU AND EVALUATE EFFECTS IN DISEASE CONTEXTS. FURTHER, I WILL REPURPOSE THIS KNOWLEDGE TO IDENTIFY FACTORS THAT CAN MITIGATE TAU AGGREGATION WITH BROAD THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022025F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY HUIXIN XU, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022026F) HARNESSING THE CHOROID PLEXUS BARRIER AS A NEUROIMMUNE BARRIER IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: MY ULTIMATE GOAL IS TO ENABLE TREATMENTS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) THAT CURB BRAIN INFLAMMATION AT THE BARRIERS SEPARATING THE BRAIN FROM THE REST OF THE BODY, FOCUSING ON A TISSUE CALLED THE CHOROID PLEXUS. I WILL APPLY NEWLY DEVELOPED IMAGING TOOLS THAT ENABLE EXPLORATION OF BLOOD-BORNE IMMUNE CELLS ENTERING THE CHOROID PLEXUS IN AD MODELS AND TEST FOR BARRIER BREAKDOWN AND BLOOD VESSEL LEAKAGE. THE INNOVATION FROM MY RESEARCH WILL LAUNCH MY INDEPENDENT CAREER TO CONTINUE THIS INQUIRY, AND BENEFIT RESEARCHERS OF OTHER INFLAMMATORY BRAIN DISEASES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022026F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANDREW YANG, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022027F) UNDERSTANDING HOW HUMAN BRAIN VASCULAR CELLS MEDIATE GENETIC RISK FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE RISK FOR LATE-ONSET ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) INVOLVES DOZENS OF RISK VARIANTS OPERATING IN DIVERSE CELL TYPES. ELUCIDATING THE FUNCTIONS OF THESE RISK VARIANTS IS CRITICAL TO INFORM TREATMENTS BUT IS CHALLENGING, IN PART BECAUSE THE VASCULAR HALF OF HUMAN BRAIN CELL TYPES HAS ELUDED POWERFUL SINGLE-CELL ASSAYS. WE WILL USE OUR NEW VASCULAR-CAPTURING VINE-SEQ TECHNIQUE TO COMPREHENSIVELY DETERMINE THE CELLS AND GENES DYSREGULATED AD VARIANTS. WE WILL THEN USE OUR BIOORTHOGONAL LABELING APPROACHES TO DETERMINE HOW AD VARIANTS DYSREGULATE BRAIN VASCULAR TRANSPORT FUNCTIONS TO PROMOTE AD RISK. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022027F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY QIUCHEN ZHAO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022028F) SLEEP RESTORATION, MICROGLIA, AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS ASSOCIATED WITH PROFOUND SLEEP DISTURBANCES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE DISEASE PROGRESSION, PARTICULARLY AT EARLY STAGES OF DISEASE. USING STATE-OF-THE-ART LABORATORY TECHNOLOGIES, WE WILL DEVELOP EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES TO RESTORE SLEEP AND ASSESS ITS EFFECT ON MEMORY FUNCTION AND PATHOLOGICAL PROGRESSION OF AD. ADDITIONALLY, WE WILL INVESTIGATE THE RESPONSES OF MICROGLIA TO SLEEP RESCUE USING A MULTI-PRONGED DESIGN ASSESSING THE MORPHOLOGICAL, FUNCTIONAL, AND GENETIC ASPECTS. THIS STUDY WILL PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR NOVEL THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES FOR AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022028F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KEVIN BEIER, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022031S) IDENTIFYING CIRCUIT DRIVERS OF EARLY AD PATHOGENESIS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: WE AIM TO IDENTIFY BRAIN REGIONS AND CELL TYPES TO TARGET IN ORDER TO SLOW OR PREVENT THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE BEFORE SYMPTOM ONSET. WE HAVE IDENTIFIED A CHANGE IN THE RETROSPLENIAL CORTEX THAT OCCURS EARLY IN AD PATHOGENESIS, AND NEXT PLAN TO VERIFY THESE RESULTS IN A DIFFERENT RODENT MODEL AND EXPLORE THE FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF CHEMOGENETICALLY INHIBITING THESE CELLS. OUR GOAL IS TO USE THESE DATA TO IDENTIFY BIOMARKERS OF EARLY AD, AND POTENTIALLY CIRCUIT TARGETS FOR FUTURE AD THERAPEUTICS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022031S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY THOMAS BRETT, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022032S) STRUCTURAL BASIS AND MODULATION OF TREM2/OABETA42 SIGNALING. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: CURRENT STUDIES INDICATE THAT TREM2, A RECEPTOR MOLECULE FOUND IN THE BRAIN, PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN NEURONAL HEALTH. IT HAS EMERGED AS A CRITICAL POTENTIAL DRUG TARGET TO DEVELOP TREATMENTS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. TREM2 ENGAGES AND RESPONDS TO OTHER MOLECULES IN THE BRAIN. OUR PROJECT WILL DETERMINE HOW TREM2 ENGAGES AMYLOID BETA AND IDENTIFY HOW OTHER POTENTIAL DRUG MOLECULES MODULATE THIS INTERACTION. UNDERSTANDING AND MODULATING THIS INTERACTION WILL ENABLE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THERAPEUTICS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE THAT TARGET TREM2. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022032S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY OMONIGHO BUBU, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022033S) MECHANISMS OF RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA AND IN VIVO TAU DEPOSITION IN THE CONTEXT OF AMYLOID BURDEN. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS PROPOSAL WILL EXAMINE WHETHER BLACKS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA (OSA) EXHIBIT HIGHER TAU-PET AND GREATER NEURODEGENERATION FOR A GIVEN LEVEL OF AMYLOID BURDEN COMPARED TO WHITES. THE PROPOSAL WILL ALSO EXAMINE THE ROLE OF SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, CUMULATIVE STRESS EXPOSURE AND VASCULAR RISK AS MEDIATORS OF ANY OBSERVED RACE-SPECIFIC EFFECTS IN MICRO-LEVEL SLEEP PHYSIOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION ON TAU-PET AND NEURODEGENERATION. LONG-TERM GOAL IS TO INCREASE SLEEP QUALITY, AND CONTROL VASCULAR RISK USING NON-INVASIVE AMBULATORY METHODS AS NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR AD PREVENTION IN BLACKS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022033S
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H), CONTINUED:	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS CENTER FOR RESEARCH, INC. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LAN GUO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022036S) MITOCHONDRIAL DNA OXIDATIVE DAMAGES AND MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: MICROGLIA-MEDIATED NEUROINFLAMMATION CONTRIBUTES TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), THE MECHANISMS OF AD-RELATED MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION ARE NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD. IN VIEW OF OUR PRELIMINARY DATA, WE AIM TO ESTABLISH A CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP OF OXIDATIVE DAMAGE AND THE SUBSEQUENT LEAKAGE OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA (MTDNA) WITH INFLAMMATORY MICROGLIAL RESPONSE VIA ACTIVATION OF CYTOSOLIC DNA-SENSING SYSTEM IN AD-RELATED CONDITIONS. POSITIVE RESULTS WILL REVEAL A NOVEL MITOCHONDRIAL PATHWAY OF NEUROINFLAMMATION IN AD AND HOLD PROMISE TO DEVELOP INNOVATIVE THERAPY FOR AD TREATMENT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022036S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DAVID HANSEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022037S) VALIDATING PILRA, AN IMMUNE CHECKPOINT AND AD-ASSOCIATED GENE, AS A THERAPEUTIC TARGET FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE EMERGING LANDSCAPE OF ALZHEIMER'S THERAPEUTICS INCLUDES DRUGS INTENDED TO PROMOTE THE PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS OF MICROGLIA, THE BRAIN'S IMMUNE CELLS. THE MAJORITY OF THESE THERAPEUTICS SEEK TO DIRECTLY ACTIVATE TREM2, A KEY RECEPTOR FOR MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION AND HEALTHY CNS TISSUE MAINTENANCE. IN THIS PROPOSAL, WE EXPLORE THE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF BLOCKING MICROGLIAL CHECKPOINT PROTEINS AS AN INDIRECT WAY OF ENABLING MORE ROBUST TREM2 FUNCTION AT SITES OF MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION, WHICH MAY BE SAFER THAN CHRONIC ACTIVATION OF ALL MICROGLIA (AND POSSIBLY OSTEOCLASTS/MACROPHAGES). FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022037S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KEITH HENGEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022038S) ABERRANT NEURAL DYNAMICS IN EARLY LIFE WARN OF FUTURE DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: SYMPTOMS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) ONLY EMERGE AFTER TOXIC PROTEINS HAVE TAKEN A SIGNIFICANT TOLL ON THE CIRCUITRY OF THE BRAIN. EFFECTIVE INTERVENTION IN AD IS BELIEVED TO BE STYMIED BY THE INABILITY TO DETECT THE DISEASE UNTIL IT IS TOO LATE TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE. HERE WE DEMONSTRATE A NOVEL METHOD TO PREDICT AD BEFORE SYMPTOMS APPEAR BY MEASURING BRAIN ACTIVITY IN BOTH HUMANS AND MOUSE MODELS OF DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022038S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SEONIL KIM, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022039S) CO-ACTIVATION OF SELECTIVE NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS IMPROVES HIPPOCAMPAL ACTIVITY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: CHANGES IN BRAIN RHYTHMS (SYNCHRONIZED ACTIVITY BETWEEN NERVE CELLS) IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS HAVE BEEN LINKED TO MEMORY IMPAIRMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). IMPORTANTLY, THESE ALTERATIONS IN BRAIN RHYTHM CAN BE DETECTED BEFORE AD PATIENTS DISPLAY SIGNS OF MEMORY LOSS. AS A RESULT, THESE CHANGES COULD BE A PRECURSOR TO AD. KNOWING THIS, WE PLAN TO INVESTIGATE WHETHER ABERRANT BRAIN ACTIVITY AND MEMORY LOSS CAN BE PREVENTED OR PERHAPS REVERSED IN THE EARLY STAGES OF AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022039S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: RICE UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY STEPHANIE LEAL, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022040S) PRECISE NEUROBIOLOGICAL PROFILING OF THE LOCUS COERULEUS AND MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBE FOR THE EARLY DETECTION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE CAUSE OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS UNKNOWN. WE HAVE BEGUN TO UNDERSTAND WHICH BRAIN REGIONS ARE IMPACTED DECADES BEFORE CLINICAL SYMPTOM ONSET. HOWEVER, CURRENT RESEARCH HAS NOT UTILIZED TASKS SENSITIVE ENOUGH TO DETECT THE EARLIEST CHANGES IN MEMORY THAT COULD PREDICT AD. IN THIS PROPOSAL, WE WILL USE SENSITIVE MEMORY TASKS THAT TARGET THE EARLIEST BRAIN REGIONS IMPACTED IN AD. PAIRED WITH STATE-OF-THE-ART BRAIN IMAGING TECHNIQUES, WE WILL IDENTIFY EARLY COGNITIVE AND BRAIN CHANGES IN AD BEFORE CLINICAL SYMPTOMS MANIFEST, WHICH COULD AID IN EARLIER INTERVENTIONS TO PREVENT OR SLOW AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022040S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: SEATTLE INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY NICOLE LIACHKO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022041S) MECHANISMS UNDERLYING SELECTIVE NEURON VULNERABILITY TO CO-MORBID TAU AND TDP-43 IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: OVER HALF OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) PATIENTS EXHIBIT NEURONAL AGGREGATES OF THE PROTEIN TDP-43 AS A CO-PATHOLOGY IN ADDITION TO AMYLOID PLAQUES AND NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES. THE PRESENCE OF TDP-43 PATHOLOGY CORRELATES WITH WORSE BRAIN ATROPHY, MORE SEVERE COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, AND MORE RAPID COGNITIVE DECLINE. THEREFORE, UNDERSTANDING ITS CONTRIBUTION TO NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE PROCESSES IS A CRITICAL NEED IN THE FIELD. THIS WORK WILL CHARACTERIZE MECHANISMS UNDERLYING NEURON VULNERABILITIES TO TDP-43 IN AD, AND IDENTIFY NEW THERAPEUTIC TARGETS AND STRATEGIES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022041S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: HEBREW REHABILITATION CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BRAD MANOR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022042S) MULTIFOCAL TRANSCRANIAL CURRENT STIMULATION FOR COGNITIVE AND MOTOR DYSFUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: MEMORY LOSS AND EXECUTIVE DYSFUNCTION ARE TWO HALLMARKS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) THAT MAP ONTO DIFFERENT, SPATIALLY-DISTINCT BRAIN NETWORKS. THIS STUDY WILL COMBINE AND SIMULTANEOUSLY DELIVER TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRANSCRANIAL CURRENT STIMULATION (TCS) TO PROVIDE MULTI-SYMPTOM RELIEF TO OLDER ADULTS WITH MILD AD. BY STIMULATING MORE THAN ONE BRAIN NETWORK AT THE SAME, AND STUDYING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ELECTRICAL FIELDS CREATED BY TCS AND INDIVIDUAL THERAPEUTIC BENEFIT, THIS TRIAL WILL HELP TO DEVELOP TCS INTERVENTIONS WITH MAXIMAL IMPACT ON DAILY LIFE FUNCTION FOR THIS POPULATION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022042S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ALEJANDRO MARTIN TRUJILLO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022043S) COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF TANDEM REPEAT VARIATION AS A CAUSE OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: TANDEM REPEATS (TRS) ARE STRETCHES OF DNA COMPOSED OF TWO OR MORE CONTIGUOUS COPIES OF A SEQUENCE ARRANGED IN HEAD-TO-TAIL PATTERN (EG. CAG-CAG-CAG), THAT, IN SOME CASES, GAIN ADDITIONAL COPIES AND BECOME EXPANDED. DUE TO TECHNICAL LIMITATIONS, TRS ARE USUALLY UNTRACEABLE USING STANDARD PROCEDURES, BEING LARGELY IGNORED IN STANDARD GENETICS STUDIES. HOWEVER, NEWLY BIOINFORMATICS TOOLS ARE NOW ABLE TO SCREEN THE WHOLE GENOME FOR REPEATS EXPANSIONS AND TR VARIANTS. USING THESE TOOLS, WE WILL SCREEN THE GENOMES OF THOUSANDS OF AD CASES AND CONTROLS FOR TR VARIANTS THAT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH AD RISK. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022043S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH CORPORATION. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANNABELLE SINGER, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022048S) DRIVING BRAIN RHYTHMS TO REDUCE CHRONIC STRESS-INDUCED SYNAPTIC LOSS AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RISK. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: CHRONIC STRESS LEADS TO A 2-FOLD OR MORE INCREASED RISK FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). WE PROPOSE TO USE NOVEL NON-INVASIVE BRAIN STIMULATION TO PREVENT STRESS-INDUCED PATHOLOGY INCLUDING MEMORY IMPAIRMENT, ANXIETY, THE LOSS OF CONNECTIONS BETWEEN NEURONS, AND OVERACTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSES. BECAUSE THIS STIMULATION IS NON-INVASIVE, IT WILL READILY TRANSLATE TO HUMANS TO POTENTIALLY REDUCE THE RISK OF DEVELOPING AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022048S
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H), CONTINUED:	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JULIA TCW, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022049S) MODULATION OF ASTROCYTE MATRISOME SIGNALS REPROGRAM MICROGLIA THAT CAN BE TARGETED TO MITIGATE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE STRONGEST GENETIC RISK FACTOR FOR LATE-ONSET ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS APOLIPOPROTEIN E E4 (APOE4). WITH THE GOAL OF EXPLAINING HOW APOE4 INFLUENCES RISK OF AD, WE WILL SUPPRESS AN APOE4 RISK SIGNAL AND UNDERSTAND THE MECHANISM OF CELLULAR REPROGRAMMING TO PREVENT AD IN OUR "BRAIN-IN-A-DISH" MODEL. WE HOPE THIS APPROACH CAN IDENTIFY NEW DRUG TARGETS OF APOE4 AND OPEN DOORS TO NOVEL THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022049S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PETER TESSIER, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022050S) CD98HC BRAIN SHUTTLE FOR EFFICIENT DELIVERY OF A NEUROPROTECTIVE TRKB AGONIST ANTIBODY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES ARE REVOLUTIONIZING THE TREATMENT OF HUMAN DISEASES. HOWEVER, AN ACHILLES HEEL OF THESE LARGE MOLECULES IS THAT THEY POORLY PENETRATE THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER, WHICH GREATLY LIMITS THEIR USE FOR TREATING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). WE HAVE DEVELOPED A NOVEL APPROACH FOR DELIVERING ANTIBODIES TO THE BRAIN BY ATTACHING A SMALL PROTEIN TO THEM TO MEDIATE ANTIBODY ENTRY INTO THE BRAIN. IN THIS PROPOSAL, WE SEEK TO EVALUATE THE THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF DELIVERING AN ANTIBODY TO THE BRAIN THAT STIMULATES NEUROPROTECTIVE SIGNALING AND PREVENTS NEURONAL DEATH IN ANIMAL MODELS OF AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022050S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SUSANNE VAN VELUW, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022051S) TARGETING APOE AS A TREATMENT STRATEGY IN CEREBRAL AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: CEREBRAL AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY (CAA) IS A DISEASE IN WHICH AMYLOID BUILDS UP IN THE BLOOD VESSELS OF THE BRAIN, WHICH CAN CAUSE BLEEDING AND DEMENTIA. THERE ARE CURRENTLY NO TREATMENTS FOR CAA. REMOVING AMYLOID WITH IMMUNOTHERAPY IS NOT RECOMMENDED DUE TO A HIGH BLEEDING RISK. THIS RISK IS FURTHER INCREASED IN CAA PATIENTS WITH AN APOE4 GENOTYPE. A RECENT STUDY SUGGESTED THAT REMOVING APOE, WHICH IS CO-DEPOSITED WITH AMYLOID, COULD BE A SAFE ALTERNATIVE. HOWEVER, IT REMAINS UNCLEAR WHETHER REMOVING APOE IMPROVES CAA AND PROTECTS BLOOD VESSELS. THIS PROJECT WILL TEST THIS IN A MOUSE MODEL. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022051S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: PRESIDENT & FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LIMOR COHEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2022052F) SPATIAL TRANSCRIPTOMICS OF ISOFORM EXPRESSION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE BRAIN IS A COMPLEX AND HIGHLY ORGANIZED TISSUE THAT CONSISTS OF DISTINCT FUNCTIONAL REGIONS. EACH BRAIN REGION CONSISTS OF MANY CELL TYPES THAT ARE SPATIALLY ORGANIZED IN A UNIQUE PATTERN THAT UNDERLIES BRAIN FUNCTION. HERE, I PROPOSE TO DEVELOP A NEW METHOD TO MAP THESE CELL TYPES IN HEALTHY AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) BRAINS. I WILL ALSO USE THIS METHOD TO UNDERSTAND WHICH CELL TYPES AND CELLULAR ENVIRONMENTS ARE VULNERABLE TO TAU PROPAGATION IN AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2022052F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MAYO CLINIC, JACKSONVILLE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH ENTITLED: (CA2021010) MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION JOURNAL. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE AIM OF MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION (MN) JOURNAL (HTTPS://MOLECULARNEURODEGENERATION.BIOMEDCENTRAL.COM/) IS TO SERVE THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY BY PUBLISHING HIGH-IMPACT, HIGH-QUALITY, AND FRONT-LINE RESEARCH DISCOVERIES IN DIVERSE AREAS OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES INCLUDING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND EYE-RELATED DEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS. MN IS THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION. THE OPEN ACCESS PUBLISHING MODEL PROVIDES FREE ARTICLES TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC, AS WELL AS SCIENTISTS, CLINICIANS, AND OTHER HEALTHCARE PRACTITIONERS. THE JOURNAL HAS SEEN FURTHER GROWTH IN RECENT YEARS IN PARTICULAR IN THE AREA OF SCIENTIFIC IMPACT AND REPUTATION. SOME OF THESE ARE REFLECTED IN THE FOLLOWING METRICS: 1) THE USAGE OF THE JOURNAL: 1,034,660 DOWNLOADS (AS OF APRIL 22, 2022); 2) THE CITATIONS TRACKED BY WEB OF SCIENCE: 4290 IN 2018, 5217 IN 2019, AND 6488 IN 2020.; 3) THE IMPACT FACTOR: 14.195 (AS OF APRIL 22, 2022); 4) THE RANKING BY JCR: MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION HAS BEEN RANKED AS THE NO. 1 OPEN-ACCESS JOURNAL IN THE NEUROSCIENCE CATEGORY FOR 10 YEARS IN A ROW (2013 PRESENT), AND RANKED NO. 15 AMONG ALL 272 NEUROSCIENCE JOURNALS (WITHIN THE TOP 5.5%). NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH ENTITLED: (CA2021011) INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS AWARD IS FOR THE CREATION, AND GROWTH OF, THE "INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION (ISMND) AND SUPPORT OF ITS BI-ANNUAL MEETINGS AND EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES. IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 501(C)(3) OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE AND THE PROVISIONS OF THE FLORIDA NOT FOR PROFIT CORPORATION ACT. THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION (ISMND) SHALL BE ORGANIZED AND OPERATED PRIMARILY AND EXCLUSIVELY FOR EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES. THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION'S MISSION IS TO SERVE AS AN ACCELERATOR FOR THE CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT OF BRAIN AND EYE HEALTH AND WELL-BEING BY CREATING A MULTIDISCIPLINARY GLOBAL PLATFORM FOR SCIENTISTS, PHYSICIANS, AND THE PUBLIC FROM DIFFERENT FACETS AND SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES TO MORE READILY CONNECT, SHARE AND COMMUNICATE SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES, AND DEVELOP CURES FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES, IN THE HOPES OF A WORLD FREE OF BRAIN AND EYE DISEASES.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H), CONTINUED:	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BECKY CARLYLE, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019182S) INTEGRATED MULTIMODAL *OMICS OF NEUROPEPTIDE PROTEOFORMS TO ASSESS THEIR SUITABILITY AS BIOMARKERS AND THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: EMERGENCY RELIEF SUPPLEMENT DUE TO COVID-19. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019128S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PETER ABADIR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019634S) CHARACTERIZING BRAIN ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: EMERGENCY RELIEF SUPPLEMENT DUE TO COVID-19. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019634S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY QUINCY SAMUS, PHD, ENTITLED: (CA2021001) DISSEMINATION OF MIND AT HOME DEMENTIA CARE MODEL TO DRIVE HEALTH CARE TRANSFORMATION AND GREATER VALUE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: INFORMED BY DECADES OF DEMENTIA CARE CLINICAL EXPERTISE, BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS, AND CLINICAL STUDIES, MIND AT HOME IS AN EFFECTIVE, COMPREHENSIVE, HOMEBASED DEMENTIA CARE COORDINATION MODEL THAT SYSTEMATICALLY ASSESSES AND ADDRESSES A BROAD RANGE OF DEMENTIARELATED CARE NEEDS THAT PLACE ELDERS AT RISK FOR HEALTH DISPARITIES, HOSPITALIZATIONS, UNWANTED LONG TERM CARE PLACEMENT, POOR QUALITY OF LIFE AND FAMILY CAREGIVERS AT RISK FOR BURNOUT AND HEALTH IMPACTS. YET TRANSLATION INTO PRACTICE HAS BEEN SLOW PRIMARILY DUE LACK OF DATA ON ITS POTENTIAL FOR RETURN ON INVESTMENT AND ITS VALUE PROPOSITION TO HEALTH SYSTEMS, HEALTH PLANS, AND PROVIDERS, AS WELL LACK OF DATA ON HOW TO EFFECTIVELY REFINE THE MODEL TO INTEGRATE INTO EXISTING HEALTH CARE DELIVERY ENVIRONMENTS. THIS GRANT SUPPORTS A PARTNERSHIP WITH UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY, JADE GONG & ASSOCIATES LLC, AND JOHNS HOPKINS HOME CARE GROUP, WITH THE SUPPORT OF MARYLAND PRIMARY CARE PROGRAM, MARYLAND MEDICAID, AND JOHNS HOPKINS ALLIANCE FOR PATIENTS TO STRATEGICALLY ADVANCE THE DISSEMINATION AND TRANSLATION OF JOHN HOPKINS UNIVERSITY'S EVIDENCEBASED MIND AT HOME MODEL, IN THE CONTEXT OF MARYLAND'S NEW PRIMARY CARE PROGRAM (MDPCP) AS A TRANSFORMATIVE TOOL TO ACHIEVE GREATER CARE COORDINATION AND VALUE FOR A VULNERABLE COGNITIVELY IMPAIRED POPULATION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CA2021001 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: FOUNDATION FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH, ENTITLED: (CA2021012) PRE-COMPETITIVE ANALYTICAL VALIDATION OF SV2A PET IMAGING AS A BIOMARKER OF SYNAPTIC DENSITY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE SV2A PET PROJECT AIMS TO DEMONSTRATE THE RELIABILITY OF SV2A PET IMAGING AS A BIOMARKER OF SYNAPTIC DENSITY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND ACCELERATE THE APPLICATION OF SV2A PET AS A TREATMENT RESPONSE MARKER IN DISEASE-MODIFYING CLINICAL TRIALS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CA2021012 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BENJAMIN WOLOZIN, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (CA2020002) DEVELOPMENT OF SYNTHETIC GENE FEEDBACK CIRCUITS TO PREVENT TAU AGGREGATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS PROPOSAL USES A RADICALLY NOVEL APPROACH TERMED "SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY", WHICH USES CONCEPTS FROM ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TO DESIGN NEW TYPES OF GENETIC THERAPY FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). WE WILL CREATE NEW SYNTHETIC GENE CIRCUITS THAT CAN DETECT AND THEN REMOVE HARMFUL TAU PATHOLOGY AS IT APPEARS IN THE BRAINS OF PATIENTS WITH AD. THESE NEW THERAPIES WILL SELECTIVELY TARGET ONLY THOSE NERVE CELLS THAT ACTUALLY HAVE PATHOLOGY, INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS WHILE REDUCING THE POTENTIAL FOR UNWANTED SIDE EFFECTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CA2020002 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF DENVER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANN CHARLOTTE GRANHOLM-BENTLEY, PHD, ENTITLED: (CA2018010) INTERNATIONAL BRAIN BANK FOR DOWN SYNDROME-RELATED ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE FOCUS OF THIS SPECIAL PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A STRONG COLLABORATE NETWORK BETWEEN SIX DIFFERENT RESEARCH GROUPS FOCUSED ON PROVIDING MUCH-NEEDED INFORMATION ABOUT THE DOWN SYNDROME POPULATION, OF WHICH AS MANY AS 80 PERCENT HAVE ALZHEIMER'S PATHOLOGY BY THE TIME THEY ARE IN THEIR 50S AND 60S. ALTHOUGH THERE ARE MANY CENTERS AND RESEARCHERS THAT FOCUS ON ALZHEIMER'S IN THE GENERAL POPULATION, FEW OF THEM FOCUS ON PEOPLE WITH DOWN SYNDROME. THE INFORMATION GENERATED BY OUR PROJECT WILL BE OF GREAT HELP TO THOSE WITH DOWN SYNDROME AND THOSE WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CA2018010
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H), CONTINUED:	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: INDIANA UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ALESSANDRA CARMICHAEL-MARTINS, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022001F) ADAPTIVE OPTICS OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND SCANNING LASER GONIOSCOPY OF THE HUMAN TRABECULAR MESHWORK IN VIVO. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ELEVATED INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE, THE MAJOR RISK FACTOR IN GLAUCOMA, IS PRIMARILY CONTROLLED BY THE RATE OF AQUEOUS OUTFLOW THROUGH THE TRABECULAR MESHWORK AND SCHLEMM'S CANAL. IN POST-MORTEM HUMAN TISSUE, CHANGES TO THESE STRUCTURES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH GLAUCOMA, AND MANY GLAUCOMA TREATMENTS TARGET THIS REGION. THIS PROPOSAL WILL ENABLE RESEARCHERS AND CLINICIANS TO ACHIEVE THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGES OF THE DRAINAGE STRUCTURES IN THE LIVING HUMAN EYE AT CELLULAR-LEVEL RESOLUTION, ALLOWING A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF CHANGES WITHIN THE TRABECULAR MESHWORK ASSOCIATED WITH AGE, GLAUCOMA, AND TREATMENT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022001F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: INDIANA UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY CATIA GOMES, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022003F) THE ROLE OF REACTIVE ASTROCYTE-ASSOCIATED COMPLEMENT C3 IN GLAUCOMATOUS NEURODEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS CHARACTERIZED BY RETINAL GANGLION CELLS (RGCS) DYSFUNCTION AND LOSS. REACTIVE ASTROCYTES CLOSELY ASSOCIATE WITH RGCS IN THE OPTIC NERVE HEAD, WHERE THE INITIAL INSULT TO RGC AXONS OCCURS. A SPECIFIC NEUROTOXIC PHENOTYPE OF REACTIVE ASTROCYTES WAS RECENTLY IDENTIFIED. TO STUDY SUCH NEUROTOXIC EFFECTS, RGCS AND ASTROCYTES WILL BE DIFFERENTIATED FROM HUMAN PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS, AND MICROFLUIDIC PLATFORMS USED TO ALLOW THE SPECIFIC ANALYSIS OF RGC AXONS. IDENTIFYING REACTIVE ASTROCYTE-INDUCED AXONAL DEGENERATION PATHWAYS WILL ALLOW FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022003F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT FORT WORTH. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY PRABHAVATHI MADDINENI, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022004F) EFFECT OF OCULAR HYPERTENSION ON SYNAPTIC FUNCTION AND PLASTICITY IN GLAUCOMATOUS NEURODEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS AN EYE DISEASE THAT CAN CAUSES BLINDNESS BY DAMAGING THE OPTIC NERVE. THE JOB OF THE OPTIC NERVE IS TO TRANSFER VISUAL INFORMATION FROM EYE TO THE BRAIN VIA ELECTRICAL IMPULSES. IN GLAUCOMA, AN INCREASED OCULAR PRESSURE CAUSES OPTIC NERVE DEGENERATION. SINCE OPTIC NERVE IS THE PART OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND CONNECTED TO THE BRAIN, PRESSURE INDUCED OPTIC NERVE DAMAGE MAY ALSO DAMAGE SURROUNDING CELLS AND NEURONS IN THE BRAIN. IN THIS PROPOSAL, WE WILL STUDY HOW NEURONS IN THE BRAIN COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER IN RESPONSE TO PRESSURE INDUCED DAMAGE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022004F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY THOMAS JOHNSON, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022005S) IN VIVO ADAPTIVE OPTICS OPHTHALMOSCOPY TO CHARACTERIZE FUNCTIONAL RETINAL INTEGRATION OF TRANSPLANTED RGCS USING A NOVEL TRANSGENIC REPORTER PARADIGM. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION THERAPY HAS THE POTENTIAL TO RESTORE VISION FOR TENS OF MILLIONS OF PEOPLE WORLDWIDE SUFFERING FROM OPTIC NERVE DISEASES SUCH AS GLAUCOMA. TO HELP USHER THIS NEW APPROACH TOWARDS TREATING HUMAN PATIENTS, WE PROPOSE TO DEVELOP A NOVEL, SENSITIVE, RAPID EXPERIMENTAL TOOL THAT LABELS SUCCESSFUL INTEGRATION OF TRANSPLANTED NEURONS IN THE RETINAS OF RECIPIENT EYES, AND TO RIGOROUSLY VALIDATE THE EXPERIMENTAL FRAMEWORK USING MULTIPLE COMPLIMENTARY TECHNIQUES THAT INCLUDE HIGH-RESOLUTION THREE-DIMENSIONAL MICROSCOPY AND MEASUREMENTS OF ELECTRICAL RESPONSES TO LIGHT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022005S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: GOOD SAMARITAN FOUNDATION (LHS). (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY KAZUHIRO KUROKAWA, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022006S) MULTIFUNCTIONAL CELLULAR-SCALE IMAGING IN THE LIVING RETINA TO STUDY GLAUCOMA PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE CURRENT APPROACH USED BY EYE DOCTORS TO DETECT GLAUCOMA AND ITS PROGRESSION IS BASED ON SIGNS THAT REPRESENT IRREVERSIBLE DAMAGE, NAMELY LOSS OF VISION AND CELLS OF THE OPTIC NERVE. NEW WAYS ARE NEEDED FOR DETECTING DAMAGE EARLIER, AT A POINT WHEN TREATMENT COULD PRESERVE VISION, AND EVEN RESTORE THE HEALTH OF THE EYE AND OPTIC NERVE BEFORE IRREVERSIBLE DAMAGE OCCURS. WE PROPOSE TO CONSTRUCT AND TEST A NEW ADVANCED MULTIFUNCTIONAL IMAGING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF REVEALING ASTOUNDING DETAILS IN THE LIVING EYE AS SMALL AS SINGLE CELLS AND TRANSFORMING THE FUTURE OF CLINICAL TESTING FOR GLAUCOMA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022006S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ANDRAS KOMAROMY, DVM, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022007S) TARGETING EXERCISE FOR NEUROPROTECTION IN GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS A LEADING CAUSE OF PERMANENT VISION LOSS DUE TO PROGRESSIVE DEGENERATION OF THE OPTIC NERVE THAT TRANSMITS VISUAL INFORMATION FROM EYE TO BRAIN. THE ONLY PROVEN METHOD TO TREAT GLAUCOMA AND SLOW VISION LOSS IS BY LOWERING EYE PRESSURE, BUT GLAUCOMA PROGRESSES DESPITE SUCH THERAPY. IN DOGS WITH NATURALLY-OCCURRING GLAUCOMA, WE WILL THUS DETERMINE IF REGULAR, MODERATE-INTENSITY EXERCISE CAN SLOW GLAUCOMA DISEASE PROGRESSION, AS SUGGESTED BY EXPERIMENTAL MODELS IN MICE AND RATS. EXERCISE WOULD PROVIDE AN EASY, LOW-COST, BENEFICIAL THERAPY AVENUE FOR GLAUCOMA PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022007S
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H), CONTINUED:	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: GOOD SAMARITAN FOUNDATION (LHS). (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY HONGLI YANG, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022008S) NOVEL TECHNIQUES TO CORRELATE STRUCTURAL AND MOLECULAR ALTERATIONS IN NON-HUMAN PRIMATE EARLY GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS PROPOSAL'S GOAL IS TO IDENTIFY THE CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR ALTERATIONS UNDERLYING LONGITUDINAL STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN AN EXPERIMENTAL GLAUCOMA MONKEY MODEL. WE PROPOSE TO DEVELOP AND OPTIMIZE NOVEL METHODS TO AUTOMATICALLY COLOCALIZE POST-MORTEM IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IMAGES TO IN VIVO OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY (OCT) SCANS. OVERALL, THIS PROJECT WILL INFORM AND ENHANCE THE INTERPRETATION OF HUMAN OCT IMAGING, ADVANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS IN GLAUCOMA, AND PROVIDE GUIDANCE TO IMPROVE THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS BEFORE GLAUCOMATOUS DAMAGE BECOMES PERMANENT AND UNTREATABLE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022008S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY SHAOMEI WANG, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022009S) NEURAL PROGENITOR CELL ENGINEERED TO EXPRESS TROPHIC FACTOR FOR TREATING GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ELEVATED INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE (IOP) IS A PROMINENT MANIFESTATION OF GLAUCOMA, A CHRONIC, PROGRESSIVE OPTIC NEUROPATHY CHARACTERIZED BY LOSS OF RETINAL GANGLION CELLS (RGCS) AND VISUAL FIELD DEFECTS. ACCUMULATING EVIDENCE HAS SHOWN THE SITE OF IOP INDUCED AXONAL DAMAGE IS THE OPTIC NERVE HEAD (ONH), WHERE ASTROCYTES RETRACT ITS PROCESSES AND FAIL TO PROVIDE ESSENTIAL METABOLIC AND TROPHIC SUPPORT TO RGCS. THE NOVEL APPROACH OF THIS STUDY IS TO DELIVER A COMBINED STEM CELL AND GENE THERAPY CLOSE TO THE SITE OF DISEASE TO PROTECT RGCS FROM SECONDARY DEGENERATION IN A RODENT MODEL OF GLAUCOMA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022009S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: DUKE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MYOUNGSUP SIM, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022010S) AUTOPHAGY REGULATES ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE (NO)SYNTHASE/NO IN SCHLEMM'S CANAL CELLS IN RESPONSE TO SHEAR STRESS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: SEVERAL STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT NITRIC OXIDE (NO) LOWERS EYE PRESSURE. MORE, A NOVEL NO-DONATING DRUG (LATANOPROSTENE BUNOD) HAS BEEN RECENTLY APPROVED TO LOWER EYE PRESSURE IN PATIENTS WITH GLAUCOMA. HOWEVER, MOST OF THE NO-BASED DRUGS HAVE FAILED TO BE APPROVED BY FDA DUE TO SOME CHALLENGES RELATED TO THE EXOGENOUS DELIVERY OF NO, SUCH AS UNCONTROLLED NO RELEASE, SUGGESTING THAT REGULATION OF ENDOGENOUS NO PRODUCTION COULD REPRESENT A BETTER STRATEGY FOR GLAUCOMA TREATMENT. HERE, WE SEEK TO INVESTIGATE HOW TO REGULATE ENDOGENOUS NO PRODUCTION TO IMPROVE THE CURRENT NO-BASED GLAUCOMA THERAPY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022010S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MICHAEL RISNER, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022011S) HARNESSING INTERCELLULAR MITOCHONDRIAL TRANSFER IN HUMAN-DERIVED RETINAL CELLS TO TREAT GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS AN AGE-RELATED NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE, CAUSING IRREVERSIBLE BLINDNESS THROUGH RETINAL GANGLION CELL DEATH. GLAUCOMA IS TYPICALLY TREATED BY LOWING INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE. HOWEVER, MANY PATIENTS DO NOT PRODUCE A ROBUST RESPONSE TO THIS TREATMENT AND CONTINUE TO LOSE VISION. FOR THESE PEOPLE, CELL REPLACEMENT THERAPY MAY BE THE ONLY OPTION. THE MOST IMPORTANT POINT OF THIS PROPOSAL IS UNDERSTANDING THE METABOLIC INTERACTION BETWEEN HEALTHY AND STRESSED CELLS IN THE CONTEXT OF CELL TRANSPLANTATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022011S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: EMORY UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY JIAXING WANG, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022012S) GENETIC MUTATION ENHANCE OPTIC NERVE REGENERATION IN BXD29 MOUSE STRAIN. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE DAMAGE TO THE OPTIC NERVE LEADS TO BLINDNESS IN MANY DISEASES SUCH AS GLAUCOMA. WE ARE LOOKING FOR GENES THAT COULD MODULATE THE OPTIC NERVE REGENERATION TO SAVE VISION. WE HAVE FOUND A MOUSE MUTANT WITH ENHANCED REGENERATION RESPONSE THAT IS CARRYING SUCH GENE AND WE ARE WORKING TO IDENTIFY IT. ONCE WE HAVE IT IDENTIFIED, WE WILL TEST THE FUNCTION OF THE GENE AND SEE HOW DOES IT ALTER THE REGENERATION RESPONSE. THIS MAY LEAD TO A CLINICAL INTERVENTION FOR THE TREATMENT OF BLINDNESS DUE TO OPTIC NERVE DAMAGE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022012S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY HAIYAN GONG, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022013S) INVESTIGATIONS OF SEGMENTAL UVEAL AQUEOUS OUTFLOW. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: UVEAL OUTFLOW, ONE OF TWO ROUTES FOR FLUID DRAINAGE FROM THE EYE, PLAYS A ROLE IN MAINTAINING NORMAL PRESSURE INSIDE THE EYE (IOP). GLAUCOMA, A POTENTIALLY BLINDING DISEASE OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH IOP, CAN BE TREATED BY IMPROVING FLUID DRAINAGE OUT OF THE EYE AND DECREASING IOP. PROSTAGLANDIN ANALOGUE DRUGS LOWER IOP IN GLAUCOMA BY INCREASING UVEAL OUTFLOW. OUR RECENT STUDIES FOUND THAT UVEAL OUTFLOW IS SEGMENTAL OR NON-UNIFORM AROUND EYE, THOUGH IT IS UNCLEAR WHAT FACTORS REGULATE IT. THIS STUDY AIMS TO FURTHER INVESTIGATE SEGMENTAL UVEAL OUTFLOW AND THE FACTORS THAT MAY REGULATE IT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022013S
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H), CONTINUED:	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: INDIANA UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY JASON MEYER, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022014S) EXPLORING THE ROLE OF THE APBB2 RISK VARIANT IN GLAUCOMA WITH HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AFRICAN AMERICANS ARE AT A SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER RISK FOR GLAUCOMA COMPARED TO OTHER ETHNICITIES. RECENTLY, A VARIANT IN THE APBB2 GENE WAS IDENTIFIED TO BE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH GLAUCOMA IN AFRICAN AMERICANS, REPRESENTING A NOVEL OPPORTUNITY TO EXPLORE THE DEGENERATION OF RGCS ASSOCIATED WITH THIS INCREASED RISK. THE OVERALL GOALS OF THIS APPLICATION FOCUS UPON THE USE OF HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS, AS WELL AS CRISPR/CAS9 GENE EDITING, AS AN IN VITRO MODEL TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF THIS GENE VARIANT ON RGCS AND IDENTIFY HOW IT MAY LEAD TO GLAUCOMATOUS NEURODEGENERATION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022014S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY NICK MARSH-ARMSTRONG, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022016S) LIVE IMAGING TO DETERMINE WHETHER MITOCHONDRIA AND AMYLOID BETA AXONAL RELEASES ARE LINKED. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS PROPOSAL WILL USE LIVE IMAGING OF THE OPTIC NERVE IN YOUNG TADPOLES TO DETERMINE WHETHER AN AGENT BELIEVED TO BE CENTRAL TO ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE MIGHT BE BEING RELEASED FROM AXONS TOGETHER WITH MITOCHONDRIA. IF ITS RELEASE IS LINKED TO THAT OF MITOCHONDRIA, IT WOULD HAVE PROFOUND IMPLICATIONS FOR BOTH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND GLAUCOMA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022016S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MICHAEL ANDERSON, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2022017S) TESTING THE INFLUENCE OF PODOSOMES ON INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THERE ARE ONGOING NEEDS FOR IMPROVED GLAUCOMA THERAPIES. ONE APPROACH IS TO FIND NEW WAYS TO DECREASE AQUEOUS HUMOR OUTFLOW RESISTANCE AND THEREBY LOWER INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE. HERE, WE TEST THE ROLE OF SMALL FINGERLIKE PROTRUSIONS OF CELLS CALLED "PODOSOMES". OUR EXPERIMENTS USE MICE TO MANIPULATE PODOSOMES AND ASSESS WHETHER THIS CHANGES INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE. THIS WORK WILL LEAD TO IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE CELL BIOLOGY OF GLAUCOMA, PERHAPS IDENTIFYING THE PRECISE MOLECULAR LOCATION OF OUTFLOW RESISTANCE, AND MAY POINT TO COMPOUNDS ALTERING PODOSOMES AS POTENTIAL NEW GLAUCOMA THERAPIES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2022017S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: STANFORD UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY JEFFREY GOLDBERG, PHD, ENTITLED: (CG2022001) A RANDOMIZED, SHAM CONTROLLED, MASKED PHASE II STUDY TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF DUAL INTRAVITREAL IMPLANTATION OF NEUROPROTECTIVE CELL THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE PROPOSED PROJECT IS AN EXTENSION OF THE CURRENT PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL, TO ASSESS AND VALIDATE THE USE OF DUAL NT-501 CNTF ENCAPSULATED CELL THERAPY (ECT) ON VISUAL IMPAIRMENT RELATED TO GLAUCOMA, IN HUMAN SUBJECTS. THE PROPOSED STUDY IS DESIGNED TO EXPAND OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE DOSE-DEPENDENT EFFECT OF CNTF IN GLAUCOMA THROUGH DUAL IMPLANTATION OF NT-501 ECT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CG2022001 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY YONGSU KWON, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022001F) NANOCERIA-COATED MELANIN NANOPARTICLES AS A NOVEL ANTIOXIDANT FOR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS STUDY AIMS TO DEVELOP A COMBINATION OF A NEW ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM TO SCAVENGE FREE RADICALS (TOXIC WASTE PRODUCTS THAT GRADUALLY BUILD UP IN THE CELLS OVER TIME), WHICH CAN POTENTIALLY ACHIEVE LONG-TERM EFFECTS AND REDUCE THE DAMAGE IN AMD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022001F
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H), CONTINUED:	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY DANIEL HASS, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022003F) DISINHIBITION OF FATTY ACID OXIDATION TO DISPOSE OF DRUSEN COMPONENTS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS STUDY DETERMINES THE EFFECT OF A SMALL MOLECULE ON FATTY ACID METABOLISM, CELL FUNCTION, AND DEPOSIT LEVELS IN MULTIPLE CELL CULTURE AND MOUSE MODELS OF AMD. THIS SMALL MOLECULE HAS BEEN TESTED IN HUMANS IN CLINICAL TRIALS AND IS SAFE, SO IF IT IS ALSO EFFECTIVE AT DECREASING DEPOSIT LEVELS THE TRANSITION TO CLINICAL USE MAY BE MORE RAPID THAN FOR UNTESTED TREATMENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022003F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY STEFFI DANIEL, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022005F) IDENTIFYING PHARMACEUTICS FOR AMD ASSOCIATED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS STUDY WILL EMPLOY NOVEL "DISEASE-IN-A-DISH" SYSTEM, TO SCREEN FOR MORE THAN 1500 FDA APPROVED DRUGS FOR THEIR ABILITY TO REVERSE DISEASE. LEAD DRUGS FROM THIS SCREEN WILL ALSO BE EXTENSIVELY AND RIGOROUSLY TESTED IN A PRE-CLINICAL MODEL SYSTEM. IF SUCCESSFUL, THE RESULTS FROM THIS STUDY WILL CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS TRANSFORMING AMD THERAPEUTICS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022005F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY LEAH VANDENBOSCH, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022006F) MOLECULAR AND MACHINE LEARNING APPROACHES TO NON-CODING RISK IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS STUDY WILL APPLY MACHINE LEARNING TO HUMAN RETINAL AND RETINAL PIGMENTED EPITHELIUM GENOMIC DATA TO PREDICT THE EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN THE NON-CODING REGIONS, THE REGIONS OF DNA WITH NO KNOWN FUNCTION TO CONTRIBUTE DIRECTLY TO AMD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022006F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY KRISTEN BOWLES JOHNSON, PHD, OD, ENTITLED: (M2022007F) CELLULAR SCALE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE RPE-PHOTORECEPTOR COMPLEX IN PENTOSAN-ASSOCIATED MACULOPATHY; A MODEL FOR GEOGRAPHIC ATROPHY PROGRESSION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: IN THIS STUDY, RESEARCHERS WILL USE A CAMERA CALLED AN ADAPTIVE OPTICS OPHTHALMOSCOPE (AOO) TO TAKE PICTURES OF FLUORESCENT CLUMPS IN RPE CELLS AND MEASURE HOW SICK PHOTORECEPTORS AS THE DISEASE PROGRESSES. COMPLETION OF THIS STUDY COULD IDENTIFY BIOMARKERS TO HELP IDENTIFY PATIENTS MOST LIKELY TO BENEFIT FROM A TREATMENT AND DETERMINATION OF TREATMENT EFFICACY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022007F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY THOMAS WUBBEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022008N) METABOLIC UNCOUPLING AND AMD: ASSESSING THE ROLE OF PKM2 IN THE BIOENERGETIC CRISIS OF THE OUTER RETINA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS A LEADING CAUSE OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT IN THE ELDERLY. IT AFFECTS NEARLY 200 MILLION PEOPLE WORLDWIDE, AND THIS NUMBER IS EXPECTED TO CONTINUE TO INCREASE IN THE COMING DECADES. WHILE THE EXACT CAUSE OF AMD REMAINS UNKNOWN, DEREGULATION OF CELLULAR METABOLISM IS BELIEVED CRITICAL TO ITS PATHOGENESIS. THIS PROJECT WILL REVEAL THE SIGNIFICANCE OF MODULATING METABOLIC TARGETS IMPORTANT IN MACULAR DEGENERATION, WHICH MAY HAVE IMMEDIATELY TRANSLATABLE APPLICATIONS TO CLINICALLY TREAT PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022008N NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY YIFAN JIAN, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022009N) MAPPING OF PHOTORECEPTOR NUCLEAR LAYER USING VOLUMETRIC DIRECTIONAL OCT: APPLICATIONS IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF VISION LOSS IN THE ELDERLY POPULATION. HOWEVER, THERE IS NO TREATMENT OPTION AND VERY LIMITED UNDERSTANDING OF NON-EXUDATIVE AMD, THAT ACCOUNTS FOR MORE THAN 90% OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH AMD. WE ARE DEVELOPING A NOVEL RETINA IMAGING DEVICE CALLED VOLUMETRIC DIRECTIONAL OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY WHICH CAN MEASURE A NEW BIOMARKER, THE TRUE THICKNESS OF OUTER NUCLEAR LAYER (ONL). THE ABILITY TO MEASURE ONL COULD LEAD TO IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF THE RETINAL DEGENERATION IN AMD, AND THE EFFECTS OF THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022009N
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H), CONTINUED:	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, RENO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ALBERT GONZALES, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022010N) LIGHT-DEPENDENT CONSTRICTION OF CHOROID VASCULATURE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE CURRENT PROPOSAL CHALLENGES THE COMMONLY HELD VIEW THAT CAPILLARY NETWORKS ARE PASSIVE STRUCTURES WHOSE SOLE PURPOSE IS TO PROVIDE A CONDUIT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR BLOOD FLOW. WE WILL EXAMINE THE HOW BLOOD VESSELS CAN RESPOND TO LIGHT AND CHANGE BLOOD FLOW IN THE EYE. THIS PROCESS IS NOT ONLY IMPORTANT FOR THE DELIVERY OF VITAL OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS FOR CELL SURVIVAL, BUT ALSO FOR THE REMOVAL OF WASTE DEPOSIT THAT CAN LEAD TO DISEASES LIKE AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. COMPLETION OF THE PROPOSAL WILL PROVIDE INSIGHTS INTO THE ACTIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE OF CAPILLARIES IN CHOROID VASCULATURE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022010N NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY LEV PRASOV, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022011N) THE ROLE OF MYRF IN TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIAL MAINTENANCE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM (RPE) IS A SUPPORTING TISSUE THAT IS CRITICAL FOR VISION AND IS IMPLICATED IN THE EARLY PATHOLOGY OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD). WE IDENTIFIED A NEW GENE, MYRF, THAT CONTROLS EXPRESSION OF OTHER GENES IN THE RPE AND LEADS TO DYSFUNCTION. OUR PROPOSAL EVALUATES THE ROLE OF THIS GENE IN MAINTAINING ADULT RPE FUNCTION AND ITS ABILITY TO PROTECT AGAINST STRESSES THAT LEAD TO AMD. UNDERSTANDING THIS MAY OPEN NEW AVENUES FOR TREATMENT OF AMD BY TARGETING THIS GENE OR ITS DOWNSTREAM TARGETS. IT WILL ALSO IMPROVE OUR KNOWLEDGE OF RPE BIOLOGY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022011N NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY MANAS BISWAL, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022012N) INVESTIGATING RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM (RPE) INJURY RESPONSE IN AFRICAN SPINY MICE (ACOMYS). INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DEGENERATION OF THE NEURAL RETINA AND IN THE RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM (RPE) IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ADVANCED ATROPHIC FORM OF DRY-AMD. SINCE PHOTORECEPTORS IN THE NEURAL RETINA AND RPE ARE POSTMITOTIC, THEY CANNOT BE REPLACED ONCE THEY DIE. THEREFORE, THE TREATMENTS BOOSTING THE ENDOGENOUS FACTORS TO STIMULATE RETINAL TISSUE REGENERATION COULD BE A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC STRATEGY. OUR GOAL IS TO STUDY OCULAR REGENERATION FOLLOWING TISSUE INJURY IN AN ANIMAL MODEL THAT COULD FACILITATE STUDIES TO DEVELOP POTENTIAL TREATMENTS FOR DRY-AMD IN HUMANS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022012N NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY SRINIVASA RAO SRIPATHI, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022014N) SCREENING FOR MOLECULES THAT MODULATE RPE EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION AND RESPONSE TO AMD-RELATED STRESSORS AS LEADS FOR THE TREATMENT OF AMD. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AN EARLY EVENT ASSOCIATED WITH AMD IS DAMAGE TO THE RETINAL-PIGMENTED EPITHELIUM (RPE), THE CELLS THAT HELP MAINTAIN PHOTORECEPTOR CELL HEALTH AND FUNCTION. MULTIPLE FACTORS, INCLUDING CIGARETTE SMOKE, HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED AS BEING IMPORTANT IN INITIATING AND PROMOTING RPE INJURY. ONE OF THE WAYS THE RPE RESPONDS TO INJURY IS BY A PROCESS KNOWN AS EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION (EMT), WHERE RPE LOSES ITS INTEGRITY. TO DEVELOP NOVEL TREATMENTS FOR AMD, WE PROPOSE TO UTILIZE HUMAN STEM CELL-DERIVED RPE CELLS TO SCREEN FOR MOLECULES (POTENTIAL DRUGS) THAT INHIBIT RPE DAMAGE AND REDUCE EMT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022014N NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE JACKSON LABORATORY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY PATSY NISHINA, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2022016I) TRANSLATIONAL VISION RESEARCH MODELS FOR SUBRETINAL FIBROSIS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: TISSUE DAMAGE IN THE BACK OF THE EYE MAY LEAD TO FORMATION OF SCAR TISSUE OR FIBROSIS THAT CAUSES VISION IMPAIRMENT. WE DESCRIBE HERE TWO NEW GENETIC MODELS THAT DEVELOP SUBRETINAL FIBROSIS, A COMMON COMPLICATION OF WET AMD. WE AIM TO DETERMINE HOW CHANGES IN FUNCTION/STRUCTURE AND CELL SIGNALS LEAD TO THE DISEASE USING CLASSIC GENETIC AND MOLECULAR METHODS. WE WILL ALSO TEST VARIOUS DRUGS TO DETERMINE THEIR EFFECTS ON THE DISEASE. AT THE END OF THIS STUDY, WE WILL HAVE ROBUST, WELL CHARACTERIZED SUBRETINAL FIBROSIS MOUSE MODELS AND INSIGHTS INTO PATHWAYS THAT MAY UNDERLIE THE DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2022016I NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: DRUSOLV THERAPUTICS, INC. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY JOHN G. EDWARDS, MS/MBA, ENTITLED: (CM2022001) OCUSTATIN FOR TREATMENT OF INTERMEDIATE AMD. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DRUSOLV IS DEVELOPING A HIGH-DOSE ORAL STATIN FOR EARLY INTERVENTION IN A BLINDING EYE DISEASE CALLED AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD). FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CM2022001

Schedule R IRS990ScheduleR

Id Disregarded Entities IdDisregardedEntitiesGrp (2 entries)

Address Line1USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityUSAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationUSAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPUSAddress/ZIPCd	EINEIN	Primary ActivitiesPrimaryActivitiesTxt	Legal Domicile StateLegalDomicileStateCd	Total IncomeTotalIncomeAmt	End Of Year AssetsEndOfYearAssetsAmt	Business Name Line1DirectControllingEntityName/BusinessNameLine1Txt
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT LLC
22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	CLARKSBURG	MD	20871	237337229	PROPERTY RENTAL AND MANAGEMENT	MD	$542,987	$3,871,939	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION
AMERICAN HEALTH ASSISTANCE LLC
22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	CLARKSBURG	MD	20871	237337229	OWNER OF BRIGHTFOCUS HEADQUARTERS	MD	$0	$3,319,296	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION