STRATEGY STUDIO / PUBLIC DATA EXPLORER

CHAMP FOUNDATION: Form 990, tax year 2021

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization
CHAMP FOUNDATION (EIN 47-5555752)
Tax period
2021-01-01 to 2021-12-31
Filed
2022-07-18
IRS object ID
202211999349300226
Schema version
2021v4.2
Source
Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header ReturnHeader

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return2022-07-18T11:24:28-05:00ReturnTs
Tax Period End2021-12-31TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN824812448PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1PGM LLCBusinessNameLine1Txt

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1319 Main StreetAddressLine1Txt
CityBiddefordCityNm
State AbbreviationMEStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP04005ZIPCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return Type990ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin2021-01-01TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
EIN475555752EIN

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1THE CHAMP FOUNDATIONBusinessNameLine1Txt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name ControlCHAMBusinessNameControlTxt
Phone7278712667PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line14711 Hope Valley Road 4F PMB 1171AddressLine1Txt
CityDURHAMCityNm
State AbbreviationNCStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP27707ZIPCd

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
PersonJEFFREY REYNOLDSPersonNm
Person TitlePRESIDENTPersonTitleTxt
Phone7278712667PhoneNum
Signature2022-07-18SignatureDt
Discuss With Paid PreparerYes (1)DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd

Signing Officer SigningOfficerGrp

Person Full Name PersonFullName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Person FirstJEFFREYPersonFirstNm
Person LastREYNOLDSPersonLastNm
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
SSNXXX-XX-XXXXSSN

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
PTINP01200943PTIN
Phone2074155714PhoneNum

Additional Filer Information AdditionalFilerInformation

Trusted Customer TrustedCustomerGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Trusted Customer3TrustedCustomerCd
Authentication Assurance LevelAAL1AuthenticationAssuranceLevelCd
Identity Assurance LevelIAL1IdentityAssuranceLevelCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Tax2021TaxYr
Build TS2022-09-23 18:48:47ZBuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Principal OfficerJEFFREY REYNOLDSPrincipalOfficerNm

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line14711 Hope Valley Road 4F PMB 1171AddressLine1Txt
CityDURHAMCityNm
State AbbreviationNCStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP27707ZIPCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts$187,225GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For Affiliates0GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3Yes (X)Organization501c3Ind
Website AddressWWW.THECHAMPFOUNDATION.ORGWebsiteAddressTxt
Type Of Organization CorpYes (X)TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Formation2015FormationYr
Legal Domicile StateNCLegalDomicileStateCd
Activity Or MissionThe Champ Foundation supports research toward better treatments and a cure for diseases casued by mitochondrial DNA deletions, such as Pearson syndrome. These diseases are rare. For example, there have only been around 100 reported cases of Pearson syndrome.ActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body5VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent5VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee0TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Volunteers0TotalVolunteersCnt
Total Gross UBI$0TotalGrossUBIAmt
Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm$0NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt
PY Contributions Grants$636,543PYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Contributions Grants$187,199CYContributionsGrantsAmt
PY Program Service Revenue$0PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
CY Program Service Revenue$0CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
PY Investment Income$11PYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Investment Income$26CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
PY Other Revenue$0PYOtherRevenueAmt
CY Other Revenue$0CYOtherRevenueAmt
PY Total Revenue$636,554PYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue$187,225CYTotalRevenueAmt
PY Grants And Similar Paid$228,393PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid$189,295CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
PY Benefits Paid To Members$0PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members$0CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid$0PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid$0CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns$0PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns$0CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense$883CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
PY Other Expenses$27,154PYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Other Expenses$29,370CYOtherExpensesAmt
PY Total Expenses$255,547PYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses$218,665CYTotalExpensesAmt
PY Revenues Less Expenses$381,007PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses-$31,440CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY$467,336TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY$431,396TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY$4,500TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY$0TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY$462,836NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY$431,396NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
MissionThe Champ Foundation supports research toward better treatments and a cure for diseases casued by mitochondrial DNA deletions, such as Pearson syndrome. These diseases are rare. For example, there have only been around 100 reported cases of Pearson syndrome.MissionDesc
Significant New Program Srvc0SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant Change0SignificantChangeInd
Expense$215,260ExpenseAmt
Grant$189,295GrantAmt
DescIn 2021, The Champ Foundation continued to fund research projects at the University of Maastricht, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Cambridge. The Champ Foundation expanded our SLSMDS Research Network and established two SLSMDS Centers of Excellence, supported a multi-site Natural History Study, continued funding a biospecimen repository, and disseminated findings from the Champ Foundation Registry, a research study of individuals with single large-scale mitochondrial DNA deletions (SLSMDS).Desc
Total Program Service Expenses$215,260TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3Yes (1)DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B RequiredYes (1)ScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign Acty0PoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying Activities0LobbyingActivitiesInd
Subject To Proxy Tax0SubjectToProxyTaxInd
Donor Advised Fund0DonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation Easements0ConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of Art0CollectionsOfArtInd
Credit Counseling0CreditCounselingInd
Donor Rstr Or Quasi Endowments0DonorRstrOrQuasiEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building Equipment0ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other Sec0ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related Invst0ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other Assets0ReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other Liabilities0ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 Footnote0IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl Stmt0IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt0ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School Operating0SchoolOperatingInd
Foreign Office0ForeignOfficeInd
Foreign Activities0ForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To Org0MoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To Individuals0MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional Fundraising0ProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising Activities0FundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming Activities0GamingActivitiesInd
Operate Hospital0OperateHospitalInd
Grants To OrganizationsYes (1)GrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To Individuals0GrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J Required0ScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt Bonds0TaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans0EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit Trans0PYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan Outstanding0LoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related Person0GrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org Mem0BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam Mem0BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With35 Ctrl Ent0BusinessRlnWith35CtrlEntInd
Deductible Non Cash Contri0DeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art Contribution0DeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate Operations0TerminateOperationsInd
Partial Liquidation0PartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded Entity0DisregardedEntityInd
Related Entity0RelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl Ent0RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org0TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted Prtshp0ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O RequiredYes (1)ScheduleORequiredInd
IRP Document0IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G0IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Employee0EmployeeCnt
Unrelated Bus Incm Over Limit0UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Foreign Financial Account0ForeignFinancialAccountInd
Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans0ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party Notification0TaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible Contributions0NondeductibleContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contributions0QuidProQuoContributionsInd
Form8282 Property Disposed Of0Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd
Indoor Tanning Services0IndoorTanningServicesInd
Subj To Tax Rmnrtn Ex Prcht Pymt0SubjToTaxRmnrtnExPrchtPymtInd
Subject To Excs Tax Net Invst Inc0SubjectToExcsTaxNetInvstIncInd
Info In Schedule O Part VIYes (X)InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd
Governing Body Voting Members5GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member5IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business RlnYes (1)FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt Duties0DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org Documents0ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or Misuse0MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or Stockholders0MembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board Members0ElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To Approva0DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing BodyYes (1)MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of CommitteesYes (1)MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing Address0OfficerMailingAddressInd
Local Chapters0LocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn BodyYes (1)Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest PolicyYes (1)ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Annual Disclosure Covered PrsnYes (1)AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd
Regular Monitoring EnfrcYes (1)RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd
Whistleblower PolicyYes (1)WhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention PolicyYes (1)DocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEO0CompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process Other0CompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint Venture0InvestmentInJointVentureInd
Upon RequestYes (X)UponRequestInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1JEFFREY REYNOLDSBusinessNameLine1Txt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Phone7278712667PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line14711 Hope Valley Road 4F PMB 1171AddressLine1Txt
CityDURHAMCityNm
State AbbreviationNCStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP27707ZIPCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
No Listed Persons CompensatedYes (X)NoListedPersonsCompensatedInd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (5 entries)

TitleTitleTxtAverage Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRtIndividual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorIndReportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmtReportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmtOther CompensationOtherCompensationAmtOfficerOfficerInd
Walker Cole Arledge
Director1.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Jeffrey Reynolds
President5.00$0$0$0Yes (X)
Elizabeth Reynolds
Vice President10.00$0$0$0Yes (X)
Elizabeth Malkin
Secretary1.00$0$0$0Yes (X)
Tyler Albright
Treasurer1.00$0$0$0Yes (X)
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Reportable Comp From Org$0TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt
Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org$0TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt
Total Other Compensation$0TotalOtherCompensationAmt
Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K0IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Former Ofcr Employees Listed0FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 K0TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other Srcs0CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd
Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K0CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
All Other Contributions$187,199AllOtherContributionsAmt
Total Contributions$187,199TotalContributionsAmt

Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$26TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion$26ExclusionAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$187,225TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income$0RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue$0UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion$26ExclusionAmt

Grants To Domestic Orgs GrantsToDomesticOrgsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$189,295TotalAmt
Program Services$189,295ProgramServicesAmt

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$1,910TotalAmt
Management And General$1,910ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$166TotalAmt
Management And General$166ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Travel TravelGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$5,535TotalAmt
Program Services$5,535ProgramServicesAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)

DescDescTotalTotalAmtProgram ServicesProgramServicesAmtFundraisingFundraisingAmtManagement And GeneralManagementAndGeneralAmt
Registry costs$18,000$18,000
Institutional Review Bo$2,250$2,250
PayPal fees$883$883
Bank charges and fees$446$446

All Other Expenses AllOtherExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$180TotalAmt
Program Services$180ProgramServicesAmt

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$218,665TotalAmt
Program Services$215,260ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$2,522ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$883FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$467,336BOYAmt
EOY$431,396EOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$467,336BOYAmt
EOY$431,396EOYAmt

Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$4,500BOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$4,500BOYAmt
EOY$0EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Organization Follows FASB117Yes (X)OrganizationFollowsFASB117Ind

No Donor Restriction Net Assets NoDonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$462,836BOYAmt
EOY$431,396EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$462,836BOYAmt
EOY$431,396EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$467,336BOYAmt
EOY$431,396EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss-$31,440ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Other Changes In Net Assets$0OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt
Method Of Accounting AccrualYes (X)MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd
Accountant Compile Or Review0AccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS Audited0FSAuditedInd
Federal Grant Audit Required0FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Public Organization170Yes (X)PublicOrganization170Ind

Gifts Grants Contri Rcvd170 GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$161,972CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$103,849CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$147,023CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$186,543CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$187,199CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$786,586TotalAmt

Total Calendar Year170 TotalCalendarYear170Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$161,972CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$103,849CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$147,023CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$186,543CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$187,199CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$786,586TotalAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Substantial Contributors Tot$211,022SubstantialContributorsTotAmt
Public Support Total170$575,564PublicSupportTotal170Amt

Gross Investment Income170 GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$102CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$295CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$114CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$11CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$26CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$548TotalAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Support$787,134TotalSupportAmt
Public Support CY1700.73120PublicSupportCY170Pct
Public Support PY1700.78580PublicSupportPY170Pct
Thirty Thr Pct Suprt Tests CY170Yes (X)ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY170Ind

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
ContributorRESTRICTEDContributorNum

Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1RESTRICTEDBusinessNameLine1

Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1RESTRICTEDAddressLine1
Address Line2RESTRICTEDAddressLine2
CityRESTRICTEDCity
StateRESTRICTEDState
ZIP CodeRESTRICTEDZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total ContributionsRESTRICTEDTotalContributionsAmt

Schedule I IRS990ScheduleI

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Grant Records MaintainedYes (1)GrantRecordsMaintainedInd

Recipient Table RecipientTable (7 entries)

Address Line1USAddress/AddressLine1TxtCityUSAddress/CityNmState AbbreviationUSAddress/StateAbbreviationCdZIPUSAddress/ZIPCdRecipient EINRecipientEINIRC SectionIRCSectionDescCash GrantCashGrantAmtNon Cash AssistanceNonCashAssistanceAmtPurpose Of GrantPurposeOfGrantTxtAddress Line1ForeignAddress/AddressLine1TxtProvince Or StateForeignAddress/ProvinceOrStateNmCountryForeignAddress/CountryCdCityForeignAddress/CityNm
Boston Children's Hospital
300 Longwood AvenueBostonMA02115042774441501(c)3$12,451$0Research; Biospecimen Bank
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
3401 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphiaPA19104232237932501(c)3$6,000$0Confrence planning
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
3401 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphiaPA19104232237932501(c)3$48,752$0Research; Natural History Study
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
3401 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphiaPA19104232237932501(c)3$39,458$0Research; Natural History Study
Cleveland Clinic
6801 Brecksville Rd RK1-85IndependenceOH44131912153073501(c)3$35,000$0Natural History Study
University of Maastricht
501(c)3$17,632$0ResearchPO Box 616MaastrichtNL
The University of Cambridge
501(c)3$30,000$0ResearchTrinity LaneCambridgeshiUKCambridge

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Form And Line ReferencePart I, Line 2:FormAndLineReferenceDesc
ExplanationThe Champ Foundation maintains grant letters from other organizations and tracks revenue and expenses by grant.ExplanationTxt

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (4 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDescExplanationExplanationTxt
Form 990, Part VI, Section A, line 2JEFFREY AND ELIZABETH REYNOLDS ARE HUSBAND AND WIFE.
Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 11bA COPY OF THE 990 WILL BE PROVIDED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR REVIEW PRIOR TO BEING FILED.
Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 12cThe organization has a written policy in bylaws which outlines the regular monitoring and compliance with conflict of interest policy.
Form 990, Part VI, Section C, line 19DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST.