BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION: Form 990, tax year 2018

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization: BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION (EIN 23-7337229)
Tax period: 2018-04-01 to 2019-03-31
Filed: 2019-07-26
IRS object ID: 201912079349300716
Schema version: 2018v3.1
Source: Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header
Form 990
Schedule A
Schedule B
Schedule C
Schedule D
Schedule F
Schedule G
Schedule I
Schedule J
Schedule M
Schedule O
Schedule R

Return header ReturnHeader

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return	2019-07-26T10:39:48-05:00	ReturnTs
Tax Period End	2019-03-31	TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN	111986323	PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	MARCUM LLP	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	1899 L STREET NW SUITE 850	AddressLine1Txt
City	WASHINGTON	CityNm
State Abbreviation	DC	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20036	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return Type	990	ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin	2018-04-01	TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
EIN	237337229	EIN

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Control	BRIG	BusinessNameControlTxt
Phone	3019483244	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	AddressLine1Txt
City	CLARKSBURG	CityNm
State Abbreviation	MD	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20871	ZIPCd

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person	STACY PAGOS HALLER	PersonNm
Person Title	PRESIDENT/CEO	PersonTitleTxt
Phone	3019483244	PhoneNum
Signature	2019-07-26	SignatureDt
Discuss With Paid Preparer	Yes (1)	DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Person	FRANK H SMITH	PreparerPersonNm
PTIN	P00639053	PTIN
Phone	2022274000	PhoneNum
Preparation	2019-07-26	PreparationDt

Filing Security Information FilingSecurityInformation

IP Address IPAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
I Pv4 Address	47.19.127.190	IPv4AddressTxt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
IP	2019-07-26	IPDt
IP Tm	10:39:43	IPTm
IP Timezone	ED	IPTimezoneCd
Filing License Type	P	FilingLicenseTypeCd
At Submission Creation Device Id	DA39A3EE5E6B4B0D3255BFEF95601890AFD80709	AtSubmissionCreationDeviceId
At Submission Filing Device Id	E2CB7C2DBDD6F28DFA06D5BDBA6EDF54E799736D	AtSubmissionFilingDeviceId

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Tax	2018	TaxYr
Build TS	2019-02-21 02:37:17Z	BuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Principal Officer	STACY PAGOS HALLER	PrincipalOfficerNm

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	AddressLine1Txt
City	CLARKSBURG	CityNm
State Abbreviation	MD	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20871	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts	$57,429,699	GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For Affiliates	0	GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3	Yes (X)	Organization501c3Ind
Website Address	WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG	WebsiteAddressTxt
Type Of Organization Corp	Yes (X)	TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Formation	1973	FormationYr
Legal Domicile State	DC	LegalDomicileStateCd
Activity Or Mission	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION (BRIGHTFOCUS) SEEKS A WORLD FREE FROM DISEASES OF MIND AND SIGHT.	ActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body	15	VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent	15	VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee	58	TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Volunteers	51	TotalVolunteersCnt
Total Gross UBI	$0	TotalGrossUBIAmt
Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm	$0	NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt
PY Contributions Grants	$32,362,197	PYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Contributions Grants	$39,635,190	CYContributionsGrantsAmt
PY Program Service Revenue	$0	PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
CY Program Service Revenue	$0	CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
PY Investment Income	$1,854,269	PYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Investment Income	$1,956,174	CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
PY Other Revenue	$688,039	PYOtherRevenueAmt
CY Other Revenue	$693,445	CYOtherRevenueAmt
PY Total Revenue	$34,904,505	PYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue	$42,284,809	CYTotalRevenueAmt
PY Grants And Similar Paid	$13,475,744	PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid	$16,205,073	CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
PY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$4,985,215	PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$5,399,694	CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$636,451	PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$761,638	CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense	$7,727,975	CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
PY Other Expenses	$16,718,081	PYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Other Expenses	$18,076,925	CYOtherExpensesAmt
PY Total Expenses	$35,815,491	PYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses	$40,443,330	CYTotalExpensesAmt
PY Revenues Less Expenses	-$910,986	PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses	$1,841,479	CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY	$52,594,473	TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY	$58,993,683	TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY	$20,725,981	TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY	$25,715,274	TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY	$31,868,492	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY	$33,278,409	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
Info In Schedule O Part III	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartIIIInd
Mission	BRIGHTFOCUS FUNDS EXCEPTIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WORLDWIDE TO DEFEAT ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA AND PROVIDES EXPERT INFORMATION ON THESE HEARTBREAKING DISEASES. SEE SCHEDULE O FOR A COMPLETE OVERVIEW OF OUR MISSION.	MissionDesc
Significant New Program Srvc	0	SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant Change	0	SignificantChangeInd
Expense	$19,739,840	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$10,547,966	GrantAmt
Desc	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH (ADR) - BRIGHTFOCUS' ADR PROGRAM FUNDS RESEARCH FOCUSED ON UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, ITS EARLY DETECTION, AND TREATMENTS TO HELP SLOW OR STOP ITS PROGRESSION, AND ULTIMATELY TO PREVENT THE DISEASE ALTOGETHER. ADR ANNUALLY AWARDS PEER-REVIEWED GRANTS TO SCIENTISTS FROM INSTITUTIONS WORLDWIDE WHO ARE CONDUCTING BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. SINCE INCEPTION, BRIGHTFOCUS HAS CONTRIBUTED MORE THAN $128 MILLION TO THE CONQUERING OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2019, ADR AWARDED $9,746,911 IN PEER-REVIEWED GRANT AWARDS TO 41 NEW RESEARCH PROJECTS AND TWO OTHER SCIENTIFIC AWARDS TO MAKE A TOTAL OF $10,547,966 IN FUNDING.	Desc

Prog Srvc Accom Acty2 ProgSrvcAccomActy2Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Expense	$6,161,962	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$3,107,335	GrantAmt
Desc	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH (MDR) - A PROGRAM OF BRIGHTFOCUS, HAS AWARDED MORE THAN $29 MILLION TO SCIENTISTS STUDYING THE DISEASE. THE LATEST RESEARCH IS FOCUSED ON NOVEL TREATMENTS FOR THE DISEASE, UNDERSTANDING ITS CAUSES AND PROGRESSION, DRUG THERAPIES, PREVENTION OF DRUSEN FORMATION, THE ROLE OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE IN DISEASE RISK, AND NEW SCREENING TECHNIQUES.DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 2019, MDR AWARDED $2,985,925 IN PEER-REVIEWED GRANT AWARDS TO 15 NEW RESEARCH PROJECTS, WITH 5 ADDITIONAL SCIENTIFIC PROJECTS THAT TAKE THE TOTAL FUNDING TO $3,107,335. DETAILS ABOUT SPECIFIC PROJECTS ARE INCLUDED IN SCHEDULES F & I.	Desc

Prog Srvc Accom Acty3 ProgSrvcAccomActy3Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Expense	$3,333,383	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$2,549,772	GrantAmt
Desc	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH (NGR) - BRIGHTFOCUS' NGR PROGRAM HAS AWARDED MORE THAN $35 MILLION WORLDWIDE FOR THE STUDY OF GLAUCOMA. NGR-SUPPORTED RESEARCH HAS BEEN FOCUSED ON THE EYE-BRAIN CONNECTION, THE MECHANISMS FOR PRESSURE BUILDUP IN THE EYE, OPTIC NERVE REGENERATION, AND UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE GENES PLAY IN ORDER TO DEVELOP EARLY GLAUCOMA SCREENING AND TARGETED TREATMENTS, AMONGST OTHER INNOVATIVE PURSUITS. NGR GRANTS ARE AVAILABLE TO GLAUCOMA RESEARCHERS WORLDWIDE. NGR PLACES SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ENCOURAGING APPLICATIONS FROM YOUNG SCIENTISTS AND THOSE WITH CUTTING-EDGE IDEAS. ANNUAL GRANT APPLICATIONS ARE PEER-REVIEWED, AND RECIPIENT SELECTIONS ARE BASED ON SCIENTIFIC MERIT.	Desc

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Program Service Expenses	$29,235,185	TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3	Yes (1)	DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign Acty	0	PoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying Activities	Yes (1)	LobbyingActivitiesInd
Subject To Proxy Tax	0	SubjectToProxyTaxInd
Donor Advised Fund	0	DonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation Easements	0	ConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of Art	0	CollectionsOfArtInd
Credit Counseling	0	CreditCounselingInd
Temp Or Permanent Endowments	Yes (1)	TempOrPermanentEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building Equipment	Yes (1)	ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other Sec	0	ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related Invst	0	ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other Assets	0	ReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other Liabilities	Yes (1)	ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 Footnote	Yes (1)	IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl Stmt	0	IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt	Yes (1)	ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School Operating	0	SchoolOperatingInd
Foreign Office	0	ForeignOfficeInd
Foreign Activities	Yes (1)	ForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To Org	Yes (1)	MoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To Individuals	0	MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional Fundraising	Yes (1)	ProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising Activities	Yes (1)	FundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming Activities	0	GamingActivitiesInd
Operate Hospital	0	OperateHospitalInd
Grants To Organizations	Yes (1)	GrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To Individuals	0	GrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt Bonds	0	TaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans	0	EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit Trans	0	PYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan Outstanding	0	LoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related Person	0	GrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org Mem	0	BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam Mem	0	BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With Officer Ent	0	BusinessRlnWithOfficerEntInd
Deductible Non Cash Contri	Yes (1)	DeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art Contribution	0	DeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate Operations	0	TerminateOperationsInd
Partial Liquidation	0	PartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded Entity	Yes (1)	DisregardedEntityInd
Related Entity	0	RelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl Ent	0	RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org	0	TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted Prtshp	0	ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleORequiredInd
IRP Document	175	IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G	0	IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Backup Wthld Compliance	Yes (1)	BackupWthldComplianceInd
Employee	58	EmployeeCnt
Employment Tax Returns Filed	Yes (1)	EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd
Unrelated Bus Incm Over Limit	0	UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Foreign Financial Account	0	ForeignFinancialAccountInd
Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans	0	ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party Notification	0	TaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible Contributions	0	NondeductibleContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contributions	Yes (1)	QuidProQuoContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contri Discl	Yes (1)	QuidProQuoContriDisclInd
Form8282 Property Disposed Of	0	Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd
Rcv Fnds To Pay Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	0	RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Pay Premiums Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	0	PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Indoor Tanning Services	0	IndoorTanningServicesInd
Subj To Tax Rmnrtn Ex Prcht Pymt	0	SubjToTaxRmnrtnExPrchtPymtInd
Subject To Excs Tax Net Invst Inc	0	SubjectToExcsTaxNetInvstIncInd
Info In Schedule O Part VI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd
Governing Body Voting Members	15	GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member	15	IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business Rln	0	FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt Duties	0	DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org Documents	0	ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or Misuse	0	MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or Stockholders	0	MembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board Members	0	ElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To Approva	0	DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing Body	Yes (1)	MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of Committees	Yes (1)	MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing Address	0	OfficerMailingAddressInd
Local Chapters	0	LocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn Body	Yes (1)	Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest Policy	Yes (1)	ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Annual Disclosure Covered Prsn	Yes (1)	AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd
Regular Monitoring Enfrc	Yes (1)	RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd
Whistleblower Policy	Yes (1)	WhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention Policy	Yes (1)	DocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEO	Yes (1)	CompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process Other	Yes (1)	CompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint Venture	0	InvestmentInJointVentureInd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AK	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AR	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	CA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	CT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	FL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	GA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	HI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	IL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	KS	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	KY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	ME	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MD	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MO	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MS	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	ND	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NH	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NJ	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NM	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OH	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OK	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OR	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	PA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	RI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	SC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	TN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	UT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	VA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WV	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
Own Website	Yes (X)	OwnWebsiteInd
Other Website	Yes (X)	OtherWebsiteInd
Upon Request	Yes (X)	UponRequestInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	DAVID F MARKS CPA CMA	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Phone	3019483244	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	AddressLine1Txt
City	CLARKSBURG	CityNm
State Abbreviation	MD	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20871	ZIPCd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (21 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Average Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRt	Individual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd	OfficerOfficerInd	Reportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmt	Reportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt	Other CompensationOtherCompensationAmt	Key EmployeeKeyEmployeeInd	Highest Compensated EmployeeHighestCompensatedEmployeeInd
SCOTT RODGVILLE CPA
CHAIR	5.00	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
DIANE I MARCELLO
VICE CHAIR	3.00	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
NICHOLAS W RAYMOND
TREASURER	20.00	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
JUDITH F LEE
SECRETARY	4.00	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
CECILIA ARRADAZA
DIRECTOR	2.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
MICHAEL H BARNETT ESQ
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
MADDY DYCHTWALD
DIRECTOR	1.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
GRACE FRISONE
DIRECTOR	6.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
JUNE KINOSHITA
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
HENRY J POWNALL PHD
DIRECTOR	1.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
BRIAN K REGAN PHD
DIRECTOR	4.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
ELTJO ED R SCHOONVELD
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
PATRICIA M STEWART
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
JAN M STOUFFER PHD
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
ETHAN TREESE
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
STACY PAGOS HALLER
PRESIDENT/CEO	55.00		Yes (X)	$409,204	$0	$81,085
NANCY LYNN
SR. VP STRATEGIC PARTNERSH	45.00			$234,328	$0	$38,210	Yes (X)
R BRIAN ELDERTON
SR. VP, DEVELOPMENT	45.00			$228,265	$0	$43,239	Yes (X)
DAVID F MARKS CPA CMA
VP, FINANCE & ADMINISTRATION	45.00			$155,262	$0	$59,365	Yes (X)
MICHAEL BUCKLEY
VP, PUBLIC AFFAIRS	45.00			$154,307	$0	$24,229	Yes (X)
DIANE BOVENKAMP PHD
VP, SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS	45.00			$140,126	$0	$22,339		Yes (X)

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Reportable Comp From Org	$1,321,492	TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt
Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org	$0	TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt
Total Other Compensation	$268,467	TotalOtherCompensationAmt
Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K	6	IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Former Ofcr Employees Listed	0	FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 K	Yes (1)	TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other Srcs	0	CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd

Contractor Compensation ContractorCompensationGrp (5 entries)

Address Line1ContractorAddress/USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityContractorAddress/USAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationContractorAddress/USAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPContractorAddress/USAddress/ZIPCd	ServicesServicesDesc	CompensationCompensationAmt
RKD GROUP
35 PARKWOOD DRIVE SUITE 160	HOPKINTON	MA	01748	PUBLIC AWARENESS CONSUL. & MATERIALS	$7,489,407
BEACONFIRE REDENGINE
2300 CLARENDON BLVD SUITE 925	ARLINGTON	VA	22201	ONLINE PUBLIC AWARENESS CONSULTING	$473,180
DATA MANAGEMENT INC
160 STONE STREET	STONEVILLE	NC	27048	DATABASE MANAGEMENT	$203,649
MARCUM LLP
1899 L STREET SUITE 850 NW	WASHINGTON	DC	20036	ACCOUNTING & HUMAN RESOURCES	$183,238
CK & D
7421 BEVERLY BOULEVARD SUITE 11	LOS ANGELES	CA	90036	PROGRAM OUTREACH CONSULTING	$172,641

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K	10	CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Federated Campaigns	$170,903	FederatedCampaignsAmt
Fundraising	$216,710	FundraisingAmt
All Other Contributions	$39,247,577	AllOtherContributionsAmt
Noncash Contributions	$99,278	NoncashContributionsAmt
Total Contributions	$39,635,190	TotalContributionsAmt

Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$914,311	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$914,311	ExclusionAmt

Royalties Revenue RoyaltiesRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$412,045	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$412,045	ExclusionAmt

Gross Rents GrossRentsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Real	$599,163	RealAmt

Less Rental Expenses LessRentalExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Real	$45,636	RealAmt

Rental Income Or Loss RentalIncomeOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Real	$553,527	RealAmt

Net Rental Income Or Loss NetRentalIncomeOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$553,527	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$553,527	ExclusionAmt

Gross Amount Sales Assets GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$15,822,790	SecuritiesAmt

Less Cost Oth Basis Sales Expnss LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$14,780,927	SecuritiesAmt

Gain Or Loss GainOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$1,041,863	SecuritiesAmt

Net Gain Or Loss Investments NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$1,041,863	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$1,041,863	ExclusionAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Fundraising Gross Income	$46,200	FundraisingGrossIncomeAmt
Contri Rpt Fundraising Event	$216,710	ContriRptFundraisingEventAmt
Fundraising Direct Expenses	$318,327	FundraisingDirectExpensesAmt

Net Incm From Fundraising Evt NetIncmFromFundraisingEvtGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	-$272,127	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	-$272,127	ExclusionAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$42,284,809	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$2,649,619	ExclusionAmt

Grants To Domestic Orgs GrantsToDomesticOrgsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$13,655,717	TotalAmt
Program Services	$13,655,717	ProgramServicesAmt

Foreign Grants ForeignGrantsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$2,549,356	TotalAmt
Program Services	$2,549,356	ProgramServicesAmt

Comp Current Ofcr Directors CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,463,473	TotalAmt
Program Services	$863,879	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$332,442	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$267,152	FundraisingAmt

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$2,858,355	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,652,053	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$900,609	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$305,693	FundraisingAmt

Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributionsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$252,479	TotalAmt
Program Services	$145,926	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$79,551	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$27,002	FundraisingAmt

Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefitsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$565,806	TotalAmt
Program Services	$327,021	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$178,274	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$60,511	FundraisingAmt

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$259,581	TotalAmt
Program Services	$150,031	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$81,789	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$27,761	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$176,707	TotalAmt
Program Services	$131,527	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$45,180	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$85,331	TotalAmt
Program Services	$43,916	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$22,141	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$19,274	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Prof Fundraising FeesForServicesProfFundraising

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$761,638	TotalAmt
Fundraising	$761,638	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Srvc Invst Mgmnt Fees FeesForSrvcInvstMgmntFeesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$286,678	TotalAmt
Management And General	$286,678	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOtherGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,484,247	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,364,073	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$85,651	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$34,523	FundraisingAmt

Advertising AdvertisingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$472,122	TotalAmt
Program Services	$134,501	ProgramServicesAmt
Fundraising	$337,621	FundraisingAmt

Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$861,338	TotalAmt
Program Services	$438,653	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$281,468	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$141,217	FundraisingAmt

Information Technology InformationTechnologyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$641,876	TotalAmt
Program Services	$443,323	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$140,201	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$58,352	FundraisingAmt

Occupancy OccupancyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$372,052	TotalAmt
Program Services	$220,484	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$117,822	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$33,746	FundraisingAmt

Travel TravelGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$249,408	TotalAmt
Program Services	$160,354	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$57,622	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$31,432	FundraisingAmt

Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$250,553	TotalAmt
Program Services	$236,075	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$9,368	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$5,110	FundraisingAmt

Interest InterestGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$8,583	TotalAmt
Program Services	$5,087	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$2,718	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$778	FundraisingAmt

Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletionGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$350,029	TotalAmt
Program Services	$206,103	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$107,731	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$36,195	FundraisingAmt

Insurance InsuranceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$99,629	TotalAmt
Program Services	$34,904	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$57,990	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$6,735	FundraisingAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)

DescDesc	TotalTotalAmt	Program ServicesProgramServicesAmt	Management And GeneralManagementAndGeneralAmt	FundraisingFundraisingAmt
PUB. AWARENESS POSTAGE	$6,045,719	$3,050,826	$364,137	$2,630,756
PUB. AWARENESS PRINTING	$3,648,245	$1,860,608	$194,507	$1,593,130
PUB. AWARENESS COMP.	$1,634,734	$848,980	$76,522	$709,232
LIST RENTAL	$1,409,674	$711,788	$57,769	$640,117

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$40,443,330	TotalAmt
Program Services	$29,235,185	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$3,480,170	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$7,727,975	FundraisingAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Joint Costs	Yes (X)	JointCostsInd

Total Joint Costs TotalJointCostsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$12,804,245	TotalAmt
Program Services	$6,052,805	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$738,854	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$6,012,586	FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$2,635,346	BOYAmt
EOY	$4,106,677	EOYAmt

Savings And Temp Cash Invst SavingsAndTempCashInvstGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$239,243	BOYAmt
EOY	$337,121	EOYAmt

Pledges And Grants Receivable PledgesAndGrantsReceivableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$4,651,980	BOYAmt
EOY	$9,069,022	EOYAmt

Inventories For Sale Or Use InventoriesForSaleOrUseGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$43,224	BOYAmt
EOY	$17,631	EOYAmt

Prepaid Expenses Defrd Charges PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$308,170	BOYAmt
EOY	$173,957	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss	$12,111,948	LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt
Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec	$4,344,608	LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt

Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$7,992,593	BOYAmt
EOY	$7,767,340	EOYAmt

Investments Pub Traded Sec InvestmentsPubTradedSecGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$31,354,433	BOYAmt
EOY	$37,056,380	EOYAmt

Investments Other Securities InvestmentsOtherSecuritiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$4,854,970	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Other Assets Total OtherAssetsTotalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$514,514	BOYAmt
EOY	$465,555	EOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$52,594,473	BOYAmt
EOY	$58,993,683	EOYAmt

Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$338,902	BOYAmt
EOY	$531,785	EOYAmt

Grants Payable GrantsPayableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$18,854,761	BOYAmt
EOY	$23,815,645	EOYAmt

Deferred Revenue DeferredRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$109,250	BOYAmt
EOY	$116,330	EOYAmt

Other Liabilities OtherLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$1,423,068	BOYAmt
EOY	$1,251,514	EOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$20,725,981	BOYAmt
EOY	$25,715,274	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Organization Follows SFAS117	Yes (X)	OrganizationFollowsSFAS117Ind

Unrestricted Net Assets UnrestrictedNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$19,576,833	BOYAmt
EOY	$15,150,746	EOYAmt

Temporarily Rstr Net Assets TemporarilyRstrNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$11,971,659	BOYAmt
EOY	$17,825,663	EOYAmt

Permanently Rstr Net Assets PermanentlyRstrNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$320,000	BOYAmt
EOY	$302,000	EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$31,868,492	BOYAmt
EOY	$33,278,409	EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$52,594,473	BOYAmt
EOY	$58,993,683	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Info In Schedule O Part XI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartXIInd
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss	$1,841,479	ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Net Unrlzd Gains Losses Invst	-$713,169	NetUnrlzdGainsLossesInvstAmt
Other Changes In Net Assets	$281,607	OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt
Method Of Accounting Accrual	Yes (X)	MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd
Accountant Compile Or Review	0	AccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS Audited	Yes (1)	FSAuditedInd

FS Audited Basis FSAuditedBasisGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Consolidated Basis Fincl Stmt	Yes (X)	ConsolidatedBasisFinclStmtInd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Audit Committee	Yes (1)	AuditCommitteeInd
Federal Grant Audit Required	0	FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Public Organization170	Yes (X)	PublicOrganization170Ind

Gifts Grants Contri Rcvd170 GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$27,946,621	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$29,220,730	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$30,692,507	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$32,362,197	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$39,635,190	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$159,857,245	TotalAmt

Total Calendar Year170 TotalCalendarYear170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$27,946,621	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$29,220,730	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$30,692,507	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$32,362,197	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$39,635,190	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$159,857,245	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Public Support Total170	$159,857,245	PublicSupportTotal170Amt

Gross Investment Income170 GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$1,633,842	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$1,578,975	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$1,622,675	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$1,641,767	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$1,925,519	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$8,402,778	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Support	$168,260,023	TotalSupportAmt
Gross Receipts Rltd Activities	$97,400	GrossReceiptsRltdActivitiesAmt
Public Support CY170	0.95010	PublicSupportCY170Pct
Public Support PY170	0.94770	PublicSupportPY170Pct
Thirty Thr Pct Suprt Tests CY170	Yes (X)	ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY170Ind

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Schedule C IRS990ScheduleC

Other Exempt Purpose Expend OtherExemptPurposeExpendGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$39,395,014	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Total Exempt Purpose Expend TotalExemptPurposeExpendGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$39,395,014	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Lobbying Nontaxable Amount LobbyingNontaxableAmountGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$1,000,000	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Grassroots Nontaxable GrassrootsNontaxableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$250,000	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Tot Lbbyng Grassroot Mns Non Tx TotLbbyngGrassrootMnsNonTxGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Tot Lbby Expend Mns Lbbyng Non Tx TotLbbyExpendMnsLbbyngNonTxGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Avg Lobbying Nontaxable Amount AvgLobbyingNontaxableAmountGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Year Minus3	$1,000,000	CurrentYearMinus3Amt
Current Year Minus2	$1,000,000	CurrentYearMinus2Amt
Current Year Minus1	$1,000,000	CurrentYearMinus1Amt
Current Year	$1,000,000	CurrentYearAmt
Total	$4,000,000	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Lobbying Ceiling	$6,000,000	LobbyingCeilingAmt

Avg Grassroots Nontaxable AvgGrassrootsNontaxableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Year Minus3	$250,000	CurrentYearMinus3Amt
Current Year Minus2	$250,000	CurrentYearMinus2Amt
Current Year Minus1	$250,000	CurrentYearMinus1Amt
Current Year	$250,000	CurrentYearAmt
Total	$1,000,000	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grassroots Ceiling	$1,500,000	GrassrootsCeilingAmt

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

CY Endwmt Fund CYEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$320,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$14,385	ContributionsAmt
Investment Earnings Or Losses	-$18,000	InvestmentEarningsOrLossesAmt
Other Expenditures	$14,385	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$302,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus1 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus1YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$90,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$234,806	ContributionsAmt
Investment Earnings Or Losses	$10,000	InvestmentEarningsOrLossesAmt
Other Expenditures	$14,806	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$320,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus2 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus2YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$90,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$4,332	ContributionsAmt
Other Expenditures	$4,332	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$90,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus3 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus3YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$90,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$4,344	ContributionsAmt
Other Expenditures	$4,344	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$90,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus4 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus4YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$90,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$4,257	ContributionsAmt
Other Expenditures	$4,257	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$90,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Board Designated Balance EOY	0.00000	BoardDesignatedBalanceEOYPct
Prmnnt Endowment Balance EOY	1.00000	PrmnntEndowmentBalanceEOYPct
Term Endowment Balance EOY	0.00000	TermEndowmentBalanceEOYPct
Endowments Held Unrelated Org	Yes (1)	EndowmentsHeldUnrelatedOrgInd
Endowments Held Related Org	0	EndowmentsHeldRelatedOrgInd

Land LandGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Investment Cost Or Other Basis	$2,800,000	InvestmentCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$1,147,363	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Book Value	$3,947,363	BookValueAmt

Buildings BuildingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Investment Cost Or Other Basis	$1,629,400	InvestmentCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$5,108,128	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$3,176,389	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$3,561,139	BookValueAmt

Equipment EquipmentGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$1,222,979	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$983,302	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$239,677	BookValueAmt

Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$204,078	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$184,917	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$19,161	BookValueAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Land Buildings	$7,767,340	TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt

Other Liabilities Org OtherLiabilitiesOrgGrp (3 entries)

DescDesc	AmtAmt
CHARITABLE GIFT ANNUITIES	$1,060,348
RENTAL DEPOSITS	$80,000
CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS	$111,166

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Liability	$1,251,514	TotalLiabilityAmt
Footnote Text	Yes (X)	FootnoteTextInd
Total Rev Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$51,052,483	TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Net Unrealized Gains Invst	-$713,169	NetUnrealizedGainsInvstAmt
Donated Services And Use Fclts	$9,487,455	DonatedServicesAndUseFcltsAmt
Recoveries Prior Year Grants	$208,198	RecoveriesPriorYearGrantsAmt
Other Revenue	$30,089	OtherRevenueAmt
Revenue Not Reported	$9,012,573	RevenueNotReportedAmt
Revenue Subtotal	$42,039,910	RevenueSubtotalAmt
Investment Expenses Not Incld	$286,678	InvestmentExpensesNotIncldAmt
Other Revenues Not Included	-$41,779	OtherRevenuesNotIncludedAmt
Revenue Not Reported Fincl Stmt	$244,899	RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt
Total Revenue Per Form990	$42,284,809	TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt
Tot Expns Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$49,642,566	TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Donated Services Use Fclts	$9,487,455	DonatedServicesUseFcltsAmt
Other Expenses Included	$30,089	OtherExpensesIncludedAmt
Expenses Not Reported	$9,517,544	ExpensesNotReportedAmt
Expenses Subtotal	$40,125,022	ExpensesSubtotalAmt
Investment Expenses Not Incld2	$286,678	InvestmentExpensesNotIncld2Amt
Other Expenses Not Included	$31,630	OtherExpensesNotIncludedAmt
Expenses Not Rpt Fincl Stmt	$318,308	ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt
Total Expenses Per Form990	$40,443,330	TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (6 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
PART V, LINE 4:	THE EARNINGS ON THIS ENDOWMENT ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH PROGRAM, ARE RECORDED AS TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED INVESTMENT INCOME, AND ARE RELEASED AS SPENT.
PART X, LINE 2:	BRIGHTFOCUS PERFORMED AN EVALUATION OF UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2019, AND DETERMINED THAT THERE WERE NO MATTERS THAT WOULD REQUIRE RECOGNITION IN THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OR THAT MAY HAVE ANY EFFECT ON ITS TAX-EXEMPT STATUS.
PART XI, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	SPECIAL EVENT EXPENSE 30,089.
PART XI, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	DEPRECIATION ON RENTAL PROPERTY -41,779.
PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	SPECIAL EVENT EXPENSE 30,089.
PART XII, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	DEPRECIATION ON RENTAL PROPERTY -41,779. CHANGE IN PRESENT VALUE OF GRANTS 73,409.

Schedule F IRS990ScheduleF

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grant Records Maintained	Yes (1)	GrantRecordsMaintainedInd

Account Activities Outside US AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp (2 entries)

RegionRegionTxt	OfficesOfficesCnt	EmployeeEmployeeCnt	Type Of Activities ConductedTypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt	Region Total ExpendituresRegionTotalExpendituresAmt
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	0	0	GRANTMAKING	$2,161,483
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	0	0	GRANTMAKING	$387,873

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Subtotal Offices	0	SubtotalOfficesCnt
Subtotal Employees	0	SubtotalEmployeesCnt
Continuation Total Office	0	ContinuationTotalOfficeCnt
Continuation Total Employee	0	ContinuationTotalEmployeeCnt
Total Office	0	TotalOfficeCnt
Total Employee	0	TotalEmployeeCnt
Subtotal Spent	$2,549,356	SubtotalSpentAmt
Continuation Spent	$0	ContinuationSpentAmt
Total Spent	$2,549,356	TotalSpentAmt

Grants To Org Outside US GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp (11 entries)

RegionRegionTxt	Purpose Of GrantPurposeOfGrantTxt	Cash GrantCashGrantAmt	Manner Of Cash DisbursementMannerOfCashDisbursementTxt
EUROPE	AD RESEARCH BY MARC AUREL BUSCHE, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019112S)	$298,861	WIRE TRANSFER
EUROPE	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LUCA COLNAGHI, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019296F)	$180,000	WIRE TRANSFER
EUROPE	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DAVID BERRON, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019401F)	$193,777	WIRE TRANSFER
EUROPE	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY HENRIETTA NIELSEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019446S)	$300,000	WIRE TRANSFER
EUROPE	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY GIACOMO KOCH, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019523S)	$190,000	WIRE TRANSFER
EUROPE	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JEROME MERTENS, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019562S)	$300,000	WIRE TRANSFER
EUROPE	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CAMIN DEAN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019586S)	$300,000	WIRE TRANSFER
EUROPE	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DOMINIK PAQUET, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019604S)	$300,000	WIRE TRANSFER
EUROPE	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH CONFERENCE SUPPORT	$98,845	WIRE TRANSFER
EAST ASIA & PACIFIC	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ZHICHAO WU, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019073)	$187,873	WIRE TRANSFER
EAST ASIA & PACIFIC	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY PAUL BAIRD, BSC, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019093)	$200,000	WIRE TRANSFER

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total501c3 Org	11	Total501c3OrgCnt
Total Other Org	0	TotalOtherOrgCnt
Transfer To Foreign Corp	0	TransferToForeignCorpInd
Interest In Foreign Trust	0	InterestInForeignTrustInd
Foreign Corp Ownership	Yes (1)	ForeignCorpOwnershipInd
Passive Foreign Investmest Co	0	PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd
Foreign Partnership	0	ForeignPartnershipInd
Boycott Countries	0	BoycottCountriesInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (3 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
PART I, LINE 2:	BRIGHTFOCUS INTERACTS WITH ALL GRANTEES AT LEAST QUARTERLY BY E-MAIL OR AT SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS. IN ADDITION TO THESE INTERACTIONS, EACH GRANT RECIPIENT IS REQUIRED TO SUBMIT SEPARATE DETAILED ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND FINANCIAL REPORTS TO BRIGHTFOCUS. THESE ARE RECEIVED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT AND REVIEWED BY SCIENTIFIC STAFF WITH BROAD EXPERTISE IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, CELL BIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND GENETICS. SENIOR STAFF REVIEWS EACH PROGRESS REPORT AND EVALUATES THE PROJECT FOR SUFFICIENT PROGRESS TOWARDS THE SPECIFIC AIMS PROPOSED IN THE ORIGINAL APPLICATION OR ANY BUDGETARY CONCERNS. THIS EFFORT IS SUPPORTED BY ADDITIONAL SCIENTIFIC COUNSEL FROM MEMBERS OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC REVIEW COMMITTEES, WHEN REQUIRED. IN ADDITION TO STATEMENTS OF EXPERIMENTAL PROGRESS, ALL GRANTEES ARE ASKED TO REPORT ANY TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS, MEDIA REPORTS, OR PATENT APPLICATIONS IN WHICH BRIGHTFOCUS-SPONSORED RESEARCH IS DESCRIBED. IF SIGNIFICANT CONCERNS RELATED TO PROGRESS ON THE AWARDS ARE DISCOVERED, AND NOT RESOLVED AFTER INTERACTION WITH THE AWARD GRANTEE, THE BRIGHTFOCUS STAFF RECOMMENDS APPROPRIATE ACTIONS TO THE CHAIR OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE GRANT AGREEMENT TERMS AND CONDITIONS, BRIGHTFOCUS MAY WITHHOLD FUNDING, OR DISCONTINUE AN AWARD, FOR ANY GRANTEE THAT FAILS TO ACHIEVE SUFFICIENT PROGRESS OR SUBMIT REQUIRED REPORTS. AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE GRANT AWARD PERIOD, EACH GRANTEE MUST COMPLETE AND SUBMIT A FINAL REPORT THAT IS ALSO REVIEWED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SENIOR SCIENTIFIC STAFF. EVALUATION OF THE WORK OF EACH GRANTEE IS QUALITATIVELY AND QUANTITATIVELY ASSESSED THROUGH VARIOUS METRICS RELATED TO THE IMPACT OF THE GRANT ON ITS TARGETED DISEASE FIELD. SUCH IMPACT METRICS HAVE REVEALED THAT 95% OF BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED RESEARCH RESULTS IN RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS THAT ADVANCE THE FIELDS SERVED BY BRIGHTFOCUS. THIS IMPACT IS FURTHER SUPPORTED BY ANNUAL CATEGORY NORMALIZED CITATION IMPACT ANALYSIS THAT COMPARES BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED WORKS TO AN UNBIASED COMPARISON OF IMPACT PERFORMANCE VERSUS THE WORLD AVERAGE. BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED PUBLICATIONS WERE RECENTLY CITED AT 2.5 TIMES THE FREQUENCY OF THE WORLD AVERAGE. A FINAL EXAMPLE OF IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVEALED THAT THE SUCCESSES OF BRIGHTFOCUS GRANTEES CONTINUE LONG AFTER THE GRANT EXPIRES. ON AVERAGE, EACH GRANTEE RECEIVES ADDITIONAL GRANTS FOR FOLLOW-ON PROJECTS SPAWNED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS GRANT, WITH VALUES NEARLY 10 TIMES THE LEVEL OF THE INITIAL BRIGHTFOCUS INVESTMENT. BRIGHTFOCUS SOLICITS FEEDBACK FROM ITS GRANTEES, AND PROVIDES AN ANONYMOUS FORUM FOR COLLECTING SUCH INFORMATION. THROUGH THE BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION WEBSITE AND WITHIN THE FINAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS REPORT, THERE ARE DESIGNATED SECTIONS WHERE AWARDEES ARE ASKED TO PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO THE FOUNDATION. THROUGH THIS MECHANISM, THEY ARE GIVEN THE ABILITY TO ANONYMOUSLY PROVIDE FEEDBACK OR COMMUNICATE THEIR CONCERNS TO PROGRAM STAFF OR THE BRIGHTFOCUS' COMPLIANCE OFFICE. ANY SUGGESTIONS, CONCERNS, COMPLAINTS, OR POSITIVE EXPERIENCES CAN BE OUTLINED AND BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF BRIGHTFOCUS IN THIS MANNER, SO THAT BRIGHTFOCUS CAN ADDRESS ANY AREAS NEEDING IMPROVEMENT, REAFFIRM PRAISE-WORTHY POLICIES, OR OTHERWISE ASSESS NEEDS FOR PROGRAMMATIC CHANGE. THE SENIOR LEADERSHIP PRESENTS AND SUMMARIZES THE STATUS AND PROGRESS ON GRANTS TO THE BRIGHTFOCUS BOARD OF DIRECTORS AT EACH OF THEIR QUARTERLY BOARD MEETINGS.
PART I, LINE 3:	BRIGHTFOCUS REPORTED THE EXPENDITURES BASED ON THE ACCOUNTING METHOD USED IN ITS AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS WHICH IS ON AN ACCRUAL BASIS.
PART II, LINE 1	BRIGHTFOCUS REPORTED THE EXPENDITURES BASED ON THE ACCOUNTING METHOD USED IN ITS AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS WHICH IS ON AN ACCRUAL BASIS.

Schedule G IRS990ScheduleG

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Mail Solicitations	Yes (X)	MailSolicitationsInd
Email Solicitations	Yes (X)	EmailSolicitationsInd
In Person Solicitations	Yes (X)	InPersonSolicitationsInd
Solicitation Of Non Govt Grants	Yes (X)	SolicitationOfNonGovtGrantsInd
Special Fundraising Events	Yes (X)	SpecialFundraisingEventsInd
Agrmt Prof Fundraising Acty	Yes (1)	AgrmtProfFundraisingActyInd

Fundraiser Activity Info FundraiserActivityInfoGrp (2 entries)

Address Line1USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityUSAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationUSAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPUSAddress/ZIPCd	ActivityActivityTxt	Fundraiser Control Of FundsFundraiserControlOfFundsInd	Gross ReceiptsGrossReceiptsAmt	Retained By ContractorRetainedByContractorAmt	Net To OrganizationNetToOrganizationAmt
RKD GROUP
35 PARKWOOD DRIVE STE 160	HOPKINTON	MA	01748	FUNDRAISING AND COMMUNICATIONS CONSULTANT	0	$23,932,306	$442,351	$23,489,955
BEACONFIRE REDENGINE
2300 CLARENDON BLVD STE 925	ARLINGTON	VA	22201	FUNDRAISING AND COMMUNICATIONS CONSULTANT	0	$2,030,919	$319,287	$1,711,632

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Gross Receipts	$25,963,225	TotalGrossReceiptsAmt
Total Retained By Contractors	$761,638	TotalRetainedByContractorsAmt
Total Net To Organization	$25,201,587	TotalNetToOrganizationAmt
Licensed States	AK	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	AL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	AR	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	AZ	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CO	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CT	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	DC	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	FL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	GA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	HI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	IL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	KS	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	KY	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	LA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MD	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	ME	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MN	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MO	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MS	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NC	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	ND	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NH	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NJ	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NM	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NV	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NY	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	OH	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	OK	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	OR	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	PA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	RI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	SC	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	TN	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	UT	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	VA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	WA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	WI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	WV	LicensedStatesCd

Fundraising Event Information FundraisingEventInformationGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Event1	AN EVENING OF BRIGHTFOCUS	Event1Nm
Gross Receipts Event1	$262,910	GrossReceiptsEvent1Amt
Charitable Contri Event1	$216,710	CharitableContriEvent1Amt
Gross Revenue Event1	$46,200	GrossRevenueEvent1Amt
Rent Facility Costs Event1	$27,900	RentFacilityCostsEvent1Amt
Food And Beverage Event1	$116,871	FoodAndBeverageEvent1Amt
Entertainment Event1	$44,649	EntertainmentEvent1Amt
Other Direct Expenses Event1	$128,907	OtherDirectExpensesEvent1Amt
Gross Receipts Total	$262,910	GrossReceiptsTotalAmt
Charitable Contributions Tot	$216,710	CharitableContributionsTotAmt
Gross Revenue Total Events	$46,200	GrossRevenueTotalEventsAmt
Rent Fclty Costs Total Events	$27,900	RentFcltyCostsTotalEventsAmt
Food And Beverage Total Events	$116,871	FoodAndBeverageTotalEventsAmt
Entertainment Total Events	$44,649	EntertainmentTotalEventsAmt
Oth Direct Expnss Total Events	$128,907	OthDirectExpnssTotalEventsAmt
Direct Expense Summary Events	$318,327	DirectExpenseSummaryEventsAmt
Net Income Summary	-$272,127	NetIncomeSummaryAmt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	SCHEDULE G, PART I, LINE 2B, COLUMN (V)	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	IN THE CONTRACT WITH RKD GROUP, THE MANAGEMENT FEES ARE FIXED AMOUNTS PER MONTH FOR IN-SCOPE SERVICES THAT TOTALS $993,600 PER YEAR OF WHICH $554,249 HAS BEEN ALLOCATED UNDER PART XI, LINE 11(G) TO PROGRAM AND MANAGEMENT AND ARE NOT CONSIDERED TO BE THE PROFESSIONAL FUNDRAISING CONSULTANT FEE.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule I IRS990ScheduleI

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grant Records Maintained	Yes (1)	GrantRecordsMaintainedInd

Recipient Table RecipientTable (64 entries)

Address Line1USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityUSAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationUSAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPUSAddress/ZIPCd	Recipient EINRecipientEIN	IRC SectionIRCSectionDesc	Cash GrantCashGrantAmt	Purpose Of GrantPurposeOfGrantTxt	Address Line2USAddress/AddressLine2Txt
TUFTS UNIVERSITY - BOSTON
136 HARRISON AVENUE	BOSTON	MA	02111	042103634	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY WONHEE KIM, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019021F)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	CHARLESTOWN	MA	02114	041564655	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MICHELLE FARRELL, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019029F)
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
5812 S ELLIS AVENUE	CHICAGO	IL	60637	362177139	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY HEMRAJ DODIYA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019032F)
MCLEAN HOSPITAL
115 MILL STREET	BELMONT	MA	02478	042697981	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DARRICK BALU, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019034S)
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
2025 ZONAL AVENUE	LOS ANGELES	CA	90098	951642394	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY HOSUNG KIM, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019052S)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	CHARLESTOWN	MA	02114	041564655	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MASATO MAESAKO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019056F)
THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER
6000 HARRY HINES BOULEVARD	DALLAS	TX	75390	756002868	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LUKASZ JOACHIMIAK, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019060S)
EMORY UNIVERSITY
1599 CLIFTON ROAD NE	ATLANTA	GA	30322	580566256	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY NICHOLAS VARVEL, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019077S)
HOUSTON METHODIST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
6550 FANNIN STREET	HOUSTON	TX	77030	870721923	501(C)(3)	$184,377	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ALIREZA FARIDAR, MD, ENTITLED: (A2019083F)
HUDSON ALPHA INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY
601 GENOME WAY	HUNTSVILLE	AL	35806	432059317	501(C)(3)	$199,896	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY NICK COCHRAN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019129F)
REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
3003 S STATE STREET	ANN ARBOR	MI	48109	386006309	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MATTHIAS TRUTTMANN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019157S)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	CHARLESTOWN	MA	02114	041564655	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BECKY CARLYLE, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019182S)
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
1501 SAN PABLO STREET	LOS ANGELES	CA	90033	951642394	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ZHEN ZHAO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019218S)
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER SAN ANTONIO
7703 FLOYD CURL DRIVE	SAN ANTONIO	TX	78229	741586031	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY WENYAN SUN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019223F)
REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
3003 S STATE STREET	ANN ARBOR	MI	48109	386006309	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BRYNDON OLESON, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019250F)
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
3600 SPRUCE STREET	PHILADELPHIA	PA	19104	231352685	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY GARRETT GIBBONS, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019263F)
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ZILKHA NEUROGENETIC INSTITUTE
1501 SAN PABLO STREET	LOS ANGELES	CA	90033	951642394	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ALEXANDRE BONNIN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019279S)
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
1425 MADISON AVENUE	NEW YORK	NY	10029	136171197	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANNA PIMENOVA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019299F)
RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE
630 WEST 168TH STREET	NEW YORK	NY	10032	135598093	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SYED ABID HUSSAINI, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019307S)
EMORY UNIVERSITY
1510 CLIFTON ROAD NE	ATLANTA	GA	30322	580566256	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY THOMAS KUKAR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019355S)
MEMORIAL SLOAN-KETTERING CANCER CENTER
1275 YORK AVENUE	NEW YORK	NY	10065	131924326	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY EITAN WONG, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019356F)
WEILL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CORNELL UNIVERSITY
413 EAST 69TH STREET	NEW YORK	NY	10021	131623978	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANNA ORR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019363S)
REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA IRVINE
141 INNOVATION SUITE 250	IRVINE	CA	92697	952226406	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KEI IGARASHI, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019380S)
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY TAUB INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH
639 W 168TH STREET	NEW YORK	NY	10032	135598093	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY GUSTAVO RODRIGUEZ, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019382F)
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
368 PLANTATION STREET	WORCESTER	MA	01655	043167352	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANA BATISTA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019468F)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	BOSTON	MA	02114	041564655	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MARIA CALVO-RODRIGUEZ, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019488F
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
300 EAST SUPERIOR STREET	CHICAGO	IL	60611	362167817	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JUSTYNA DOBROWOLSKA ZAKARIA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019520S)
CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
10900 EUCLID AVENUE	CLEVELAND	OH	44106	341018992	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MIN-KYOO SHIN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019551F)
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
77 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE	CAMBRIDGE	MA	02139	042103594	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY XIAO CHEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019566F)
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
550 FIRST AVENUE	NEW YORK	NY	10016	135562308	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ARJUN MASURKAR, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019602S)
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
3451 WALNUT STREET	PHILADELPHIA	PA	19104	231352685	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BEDE PORTZ, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019612F)
TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY
400 HARVEY MITCHELL PARKWAY SOUTH	COLLEGE STATION	TX	77845	746000541	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY YUXIANG SUN, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019630S)	SUITE 300
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
733 N BROADWAY SUITE 117	BALTIMORE	MD	21205	520595110	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PETER ABADIR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019634S)
MAYO CLINIC JACKSONVILLE
4500 SAN PABLO ROAD ROOM 110	JACKSONVILLE	FL	32224	593337028	501(C)(3)	$60,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH: (CA2017563) MOLECULAR NEUROGENERATION JOURNAL
UNIVERSITY OF DENVER
2155 E WESLEY AVENUE	DENVER	CO	80208	840404231	501(C)(3)	$84,210	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANN CHARLOTTE GRANHOLM-BENTLEY, PHD, ENTITLED: (CA2018010)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	BOSTON	MA	02114	041564655	501(C)(3)	$556,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JILL GOLDSTEIN, PHD, ENTITLED: (CA2018607)
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
550 FIRST AVENUE	NEW YORK	NY	10016	135562308	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY KEVIN CHAN, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019103)
EMORY UNIVERSITY
1599 CLIFTON ROAD NE	ATLANTA	GA	30322	580566256	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ELDON GEISERT, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019111)
HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
677 HUNTINGTON AVENUE	BOSTON	MA	02115	042103580	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY CHAN PARK, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019179)
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
20 SOUTH 2030 EAST	SALT LAKE CITY	UT	84132	876000525	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ALEJANDRA BOSCO, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019219)
TEMPLE UNIVERSITY
1801 NORTH BROAD STREET	PHILADELPHIA	PA	19122	231365971	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY GARETH THOMAS, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019267)
BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
25 BUICK STREET	BOSTON	MA	02215	042103547	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY HAIYAN GONG, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019295)
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
3400 N CHARLES STREET	BALTIMORE	MD	21218	520595110	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ROBERT JOHNSTON, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019300)
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
3435 MAIN STREET	BUFFALO	NY	14214	141368361	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY SARAH ZHANG, MD, ENTITLED: (G2019302)
BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
ONE BAYLOR PLAZA	HOUSTON	TX	77030	741613878	501(C)(3)	$199,774	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY TRENT WATKINS, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019332)
THE SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
20 STANIFORD STREET	BOSTON	MA	02114	422129889	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MEREDITH GREGORY-KSANDER, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019340
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
845 WEST TAYLOR STREET	CHICAGO	IL	60607	376000511	501(C)(3)	$149,998	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY JOHN HETLING, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019356)
DUKE UNIVERSITY
2200 WEST MAIN	DURHAM	NC	27705	560532129	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MICHAEL HAUSER, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019357)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO
675 NELSON RISING LANE	SAN FRANCISCO	CA	94107	946036493	501(C)(3)	$200,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY SAIDAS NAIR, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019360)
VANDERBILT EYE INSTITUTE
2311 PIERCE AVENUE	NASHVILLE	TN	37232	620476822	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY MD IMAM UDDIN, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019023)
AUGUSTA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
1120 15TH STREET	AUGUSTA	GA	30912	581418202	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY MING ZHANG, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019035)
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL
104 AIRPORT DRIVE SUITE 2200	CHAPEL HILL	NC	27516	566001393	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ZONGCHAO HAN, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019063)
INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
980 INDIANA AVENUE	INDIANAPOLIS	IN	46202	356001673	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY TIM CORSON, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019069)
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL
55 LAKE AVENUE NORTH	WORCESTER	MA	01655	043167352	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY HAIJIANG LIN, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019074)
THE RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR SUNY ON BEHALF OF UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO
3495 BAILEY AVENUE	BUFFALO	NY	14260	141368361	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY MICHAEL FARKAS, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019108)
UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY
1415 OLD MAIN HILL	LOGAN	UT	84322	876000528	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ELIZABETH VARGIS, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019109)
CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
300 LONGWOOD AVENUE	BOSTON	MA	02115	042774441	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY YE SUN, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019114)
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH
21 N PARK SREET SUITE 6401	MADISON	WI	53715	396006492	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY RAUNAK SINHA, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019131)
THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
809 SOUTH MARSHFIELD AVENUE	URBANA	IL	60612	376000511	501(C)(3)	$198,052	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY JOELLE HALLAK, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019155)
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER
1000 STANTON L YOUNG BOULEVARD	OKLAHOMA CITY	OK	73117	736017987	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY RAJU RAJALA, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019168)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
55 FRUIT STREET	BOSTON	MA	02114	041564655	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ALEXANDER MARNEROS, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019184)
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
1530 3RD AVENUE SOUTH	BIRMINGHAM	AL	35294	636005396	501(C)(3)	$200,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY STEPHEN ALLER, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019212)
HELEN KELLER FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH & EDUCATION
1201 11TH AVENUE SOUTH SUITE 300	BIRMINGHAM	AL	35205	630983733	501(C)(3)	$100,000	2019 HELEN KELLER PRIZE FOR VISION RESEARCH PARTNERSHIP.
ASSOCIATION FOR OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS
38 CLOVER RIDGE ROAD	MEREDITH	NH	03253	383169020	501(C)(3)	$10,000	TRAVEL GRANTS FOR CONFERENCE ATTENDANCE.

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total501c3 Org	64	Total501c3OrgCnt
Total Other Org	0	TotalOtherOrgCnt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	PART I, LINE 2:	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	BRIGHTFOCUS INTERACTS WITH ALL GRANTEES AT LEAST QUARTERLY BY E-MAIL OR AT SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS. IN ADDITION TO THESE INTERACTIONS, EACH GRANT RECIPIENT IS REQUIRED TO SUBMIT SEPARATE DETAILED ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND FINANCIAL REPORTS TO BRIGHTFOCUS. THESE ARE RECEIVED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT AND REVIEWED BY SCIENTIFIC STAFF WITH BROAD EXPERTISE IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, CELL BIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND GENETICS. SENIOR STAFF REVIEWS EACH PROGRESS REPORT AND EVALUATES THE PROJECT FOR SUFFICIENT PROGRESS TOWARDS THE SPECIFIC AIMS PROPOSED IN THE ORIGINAL APPLICATION OR ANY BUDGETARY CONCERNS. THIS EFFORT IS SUPPORTED BY ADDITIONAL SCIENTIFIC COUNSEL FROM MEMBERS OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC REVIEW COMMITTEES, WHEN REQUIRED. IN ADDITION TO STATEMENTS OF EXPERIMENTAL PROGRESS, ALL GRANTEES ARE ASKED TO REPORT ANY TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS, MEDIA REPORTS, OR PATENT APPLICATIONS IN WHICH BRIGHTFOCUS-SPONSORED RESEARCH IS DESCRIBED. IF SIGNIFICANT CONCERNS RELATED TO PROGRESS ON THE AWARDS ARE DISCOVERED, AND NOT RESOLVED AFTER INTERACTION WITH THE AWARD GRANTEE, THE BRIGHTFOCUS STAFF RECOMMENDS APPROPRIATE ACTIONS TO THE CHAIR OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE GRANT AGREEMENT TERMS AND CONDITIONS, BRIGHTFOCUS MAY WITHHOLD FUNDING, OR DISCONTINUE AN AWARD, FOR ANY GRANTEE THAT FAILS TO ACHIEVE SUFFICIENT PROGRESS OR SUBMIT REQUIRED REPORTS. AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE GRANT AWARD PERIOD, EACH GRANTEE MUST COMPLETE AND SUBMIT A FINAL REPORT THAT IS ALSO REVIEWED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SENIOR SCIENTIFIC STAFF. EVALUATION OF THE WORK OF EACH GRANTEE IS QUALITATIVELY AND QUANTITATIVELY ASSESSED THROUGH VARIOUS METRICS RELATED TO THE IMPACT OF THE GRANT ON ITS TARGETED DISEASE FIELD. SUCH IMPACT METRICS HAVE REVEALED THAT 95% OF BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED RESEARCH RESULTS IN RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS THAT ADVANCE THE FIELDS SERVED BY BRIGHTFOCUS. THIS IMPACT IS FURTHER SUPPORTED BY ANNUAL CATEGORY NORMALIZED CITATION IMPACT ANALYSIS THAT COMPARES BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED WORKS TO AN UNBIASED COMPARISON OF IMPACT PERFORMANCE VERSUS THE WORLD AVERAGE. BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED PUBLICATIONS WERE RECENTLY CITED AT 2.5 TIMES THE FREQUENCY OF THE WORLD AVERAGE. A FINAL EXAMPLE OF IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVEALED THAT THE SUCCESSES OF BRIGHTFOCUS GRANTEES CONTINUE LONG AFTER THE GRANT EXPIRES. ON AVERAGE, EACH GRANTEE RECEIVES ADDITIONAL GRANTS FOR FOLLOW-ON PROJECTS SPAWNED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS GRANT, WITH VALUES NEARLY 10 TIMES THE LEVEL OF THE INITIAL BRIGHTFOCUS INVESTMENT. BRIGHTFOCUS SOLICITS FEEDBACK FROM ITS GRANTEES, AND PROVIDES AN ANONYMOUS FORUM FOR COLLECTING SUCH INFORMATION. THROUGH THE BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION WEBSITE AND WITHIN THE FINAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS REPORT, THERE ARE DESIGNATED SECTIONS WHERE AWARDEES ARE ASKED TO PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO THE FOUNDATION. THROUGH THIS MECHANISM, THEY ARE GIVEN THE ABILITY TO ANONYMOUSLY PROVIDE FEEDBACK OR COMMUNICATE THEIR CONCERNS TO PROGRAM STAFF OR THE BRIGHTFOCUS' COMPLIANCE OFFICE. ANY SUGGESTIONS, CONCERNS, COMPLAINTS, OR POSITIVE EXPERIENCES CAN BE OUTLINED AND BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF BRIGHTFOCUS IN THIS MANNER, SO THAT BRIGHTFOCUS CAN ADDRESS ANY AREAS NEEDING IMPROVEMENT, REAFFIRM PRAISE-WORTHY POLICIES, OR OTHERWISE ASSESS NEEDS FOR PROGRAMMATIC CHANGE. THE SENIOR LEADERSHIP PRESENTS AND SUMMARIZES THE STATUS AND PROGRESS ON GRANTS TO THE BRIGHTFOCUS BOARD OF DIRECTORS AT EACH OF THEIR QUARTERLY BOARD MEETINGS.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule J IRS990ScheduleJ

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Compensation Committee	Yes (X)	CompensationCommitteeInd
Independent Consultant	Yes (X)	IndependentConsultantInd
Form990 Of Other Organizations	Yes (X)	Form990OfOtherOrganizationsInd
Compensation Survey	Yes (X)	CompensationSurveyInd
Board Or Committee Approval	Yes (X)	BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd
Severance Payment	0	SeverancePaymentInd
Supplemental Nonqual Rtr Plan	0	SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd
Equity Based Comp Arrngm	0	EquityBasedCompArrngmInd
Comp Based On Revenue Of Flng Org	0	CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd On Rev Related Orgs	0	CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Flng Org	0	CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Rltd Orgs	0	CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd
Any Non Fixed Payments	Yes (1)	AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd
Initial Contract Exception	0	InitialContractExceptionInd

Rltd Org Officer Trst Key Empl RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp (6 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Base Compensation Filing OrgBaseCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Compensation Based On Rltd OrgsCompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmt	Bonus Filing OrganizationBonusFilingOrganizationAmount	Bonus Related OrganizationsBonusRelatedOrganizationsAmt	Other Compensation Filing OrgOtherCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Other Compensation Rltd OrgsOtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Deferred Compensation Flng OrgDeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmt	Deferred Comp Rltd OrgsDeferredCompRltdOrgsAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Filing OrgNontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Rltd OrgsNontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmt	Total Compensation Filing OrgTotalCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Total Compensation Rltd OrgsTotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Filing OrgCompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Rltd OrgsCompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt
STACY PAGOS HALLER
PRESIDENT/CEO	$361,402	$0	$45,000	$0	$2,802	$0	$41,250	$0	$39,835	$0	$490,289	$0	$0	$0
NANCY LYNN
SR. VP STRATEGIC PARTNERSH	$233,296	$0	$0	$0	$1,032	$0	$14,813	$0	$23,397	$0	$272,538	$0	$0	$0
R BRIAN ELDERTON
SR. VP, DEVELOPMENT	$226,681	$0	$0	$0	$1,584	$0	$23,621	$0	$19,618	$0	$271,504	$0	$0	$0
DAVID F MARKS CPA CMA
VP, FINANCE & ADMINISTRATION	$154,230	$0	$0	$0	$1,032	$0	$22,553	$0	$36,812	$0	$214,627	$0	$0	$0
MICHAEL BUCKLEY
VP, PUBLIC AFFAIRS	$153,755	$0	$0	$0	$552	$0	$20,745	$0	$3,484	$0	$178,536	$0	$0	$0
DIANE BOVENKAMP PHD
VP, SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS	$139,766	$0	$0	$0	$360	$0	$18,858	$0	$3,481	$0	$162,465	$0	$0	$0

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	PART I, LINE 7	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	AS THE PRESIDENT/CEO'S BONUS WAS NOT A FIXED PAYMENT SPECIFIED IN HER EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT, THIS ITEM HAS BEEN ANSWERED 'YES' IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS. HOWEVER, IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT HER BONUS WAS A NON-FIXED PAYMENT BASED ON BRIGHTFOCUS' INTERNAL PROCEDURES. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS CONSIDERS THE AWARD OF A DISCRETIONARY BONUS EACH YEAR. THE DETERMINATION OF THE BONUS COMPENSATION IS CAPPED AS SPECIFIED IN HER EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT, AND IF NOT WARRANTED WILL NOT BE AWARDED AT ALL. THE DETERMINATION IS MADE BY THE FULL BOARD UPON RECOMMENDATION OF ITS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE REVIEW OF PRESIDENT/CEO COMPENSATION. THE COMMITTEE CONSIDERS A SET OF GOALS FOR THE PRESIDENT/CEO'S PERFORMANCE DEVELOPED AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR IN CONSULTATION WITH THE PRESIDENT/CEO. EACH GOAL IS EVALUATED AT THE END OF THE FISCAL YEAR TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE GOAL HAS BEEN MET OR EXCEEDED. THE BONUS IS AWARDED BASED ON A DETAILED REVIEW BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF WHETHER EACH GOAL HAS BEEN MET OR EXCEEDED.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule M IRS990ScheduleM

Securities Publicly Traded SecuritiesPubliclyTradedGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Non Cash Checkbox	Yes (X)	NonCashCheckboxInd
Contribution	19	ContributionCnt
Noncash Contributions Rpt F990	$99,278	NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt
Method Of Determining Revenues	FMV	MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Any Property That Must Be Held	0	AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeldInd
Review Process Unusual NC Gifts	Yes (1)	ReviewProcessUnusualNCGiftsInd
Third Parties Used	0	ThirdPartiesUsedInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	PART I, COLUMN (B):	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	BRIGHTFOCUS REPORTS THE NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTIONS IN PART I, COLUMN (B).	ExplanationTxt

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (24 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 1, DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION MISSION:	BRIGHTFOCUS FUNDS EXCEPTIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WORLDWIDE TO DEFEAT ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA AND PROVIDES EXPERT INFORMATION ON THESE HEARTBREAKING DISEASES. OUR VISION IS: A WORLD FREE FROM DISEASES OF MIND AND SIGHT. COLLECTIVELY, 1 IN 16 PEOPLE OVER THE AGE OF 40 IN THE U.S. HAS ONE OF THESE DISEASES. BRIGHTFOCUS HAS A PROVEN TRACK RECORD OF SUPPORTING THE MOST INNOVATIVE, EARLY-STAGE RESEARCH SEEKING BETTER UNDERSTANDING, TREATMENTS, OR, ULTIMATELY, A CURE FOR THESE DISEASES. SINCE 1973, BRIGHTFOCUS HAS AWARDED MORE THAN $206 MILLION IN RESEARCH GRANTS TO THOUSANDS OF SCIENTISTS AROUND THE WORLD. OUR RESEARCH FUNDING HAS LED TO MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF THESE DISEASES AND SUPPORT FOR SCIENTISTS WHO HAVE RECEIVED PRESTIGIOUS AWARDS, INCLUDING TWO NOBEL PRIZES. AN INDICATOR OF OUR ABILITY TO PUSH NEW BOUNDARIES OF KNOWLEDGE IS THAT BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED RESEARCH WAS RECENTLY FOUND TO HAVE HAD TWICE THE IMPACT ON DRIVING FUTURE SCIENCE THAN WORK SUPPORTED BY MANY OTHER ORGANIZATIONS. THE WORLD-CLASS RESEARCH IDENTIFIED AND SUPPORTED BY BRIGHTFOCUS IS ON THE CUTTING-EDGE OF THE FIGHT TO SAVE MIND AND SIGHT. OUR FUNDING ACTS AS A CATALYST IN EARLY-STAGE RESEARCH. THE BRIGHTFOCUS RESEARCH PROGRAMS ARE DESIGNED TO PROVIDE INITIAL FUNDING FOR HIGHLY INNOVATIVE EXPERIMENTAL IDEAS. DUE TO THE STRUCTURED GRANT REVIEW AND APPROVAL PROCESS, THE RESEARCH IMPACT OF BRIGHTFOCUS IS VERY HIGH. MOST RECIPIENTS OF BRIGHTFOCUS FUNDING GO ON TO RECEIVE FUTURE GRANTS FROM OTHER SOURCES THAT ARE 10 TIMES LARGER THAN THE ORIGINAL BRIGHTFOCUS AWARD. THIS ONE THOUSAND PERCENT RETURN ON BRIGHTFOCUS INVESTMENT SPEAKS TO OUR ABILITY TO IDENTIFY PROMISING RESEARCH IN ITS EARLIEST STAGES AND SPAWN FUTURE SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES. IT IS OUR FIRM BELIEF THAT HAVING THE COURAGE TO INVEST IN INNOVATIVE IDEAS WILL LEAD TO REVOLUTIONARY APPROACHES AND LIFE-SAVING BREAKTHROUGHS. ALONG WITH FUNDING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH TO FIND CURES TO SOME OF SOCIETY'S COSTLIEST DISEASES, BRIGHTFOCUS ALSO PROVIDES FREE EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS AND SUPPORT TO HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF PATIENTS AND FAMILIES AFFECTED BY THESE DISEASES NATIONWIDE. WE BASE THESE EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS OFF OF THE LATEST RESEARCH FINDINGS. BRIGHTFOCUS INCREASES PUBLIC AWARENESS OF ALZHEIMER'S, MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA, AND COMMUNICATES WITH THOUGHT LEADERS AND ELECTED OFFICIALS ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN THESE AREAS. BRIGHTFOCUS' AWARD-WINNING PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS (PSA) HAVE APPEARED ON TELEVISION, RADIO, AND IN PRINT THROUGHOUT THE NATION. BOTH MAKE A PLAN TODAY: GET YOUR EYES CHECKED AND NOW IS THE MOMENT TO STOP ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE POWERFULLY SEEK TO RAISE AWARENESS AND EARLY DETECTION, AND SIMILAR MESSAGES HAVE BEEN DELIVERED THROUGH DONATED PRINT PSA SPACE IN AIRPORTS AND TRAIN STATIONS, AS WELL AS AT PHARMACIES AND SUPERMARKETS. IN FISCAL YEAR 2019, THESE PSA MESSAGES GENERATED $9,487,455 IN DONATED MEDIA SERVICES AND GARNERED NEARLY 800 MILLION IMPRESSIONS. NEAR THE CONCLUSION OF FISCAL YEAR 2019, BRIGHTFOCUS LAUNCHED A NEW SERIES OF TELEVISION PSA MESSAGES, THE IMPACT OF ALZHEIMER'S. SINCE 2014, THE BRIGHTFOCUS CHATS HAVE BROUGHT TOGETHER PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS FOR FREE, INTERACTIVE MONTHLY TELEPHONE FORUMS TO LEARN FROM, AND ASK QUESTIONS OF, LEADING RESEARCHERS AND SPECIALISTS ON VISION DISEASES. THE CHATS ARE ARCHIVED ON OUR WEB SITE, WITH AUDIO AND PRINT TRANSCRIPTS AVAILABLE IN A NUMBER OF ACCESSIBLE FORMATS. WE CONTINUE TO INCREASE OUR PRINT PUBLICATIONS, MANY IN SPANISH, THAT PROVIDE HELPFUL INFORMATION TO PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS, AND REGULARLY UNVEIL NEW VIDEO AND AUDIO RESOURCES IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALLIES IN THE MEDICAL AND SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITIES. BRIGHTFOCUS IS A PRESENTATION PARTNER FOR TURNING POINT, A NEW DOCUMENTARY ON THE SCIENTISTS AND CLINICAL TRIAL VOLUNTEERS WORKING TO DEVELOP A NEW ALZHEIMER'S MEDICATION. BRIGHTFOCUS IS HELPING THE FILM BE SHOWN IN COMMUNITY SETTINGS ACROSS THE COUNTRY TO INCREASE THE AWARENESS OF, AND PARTICIPATION IN, ALZHEIMER'S CLINICAL RESEARCH. WE HAVE EXPANDED OUR WRITTEN CONTENT OF KEY RESEARCH FINDINGS, PROMOTING AND SHARING THIS INFORMATION THROUGH OUR WEB SITE AND SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS. CAPITALIZING ON EMERGING USE OF DATA VISUALIZATION, OUR BRIGHTFOCUS INFOGRAPHICS EASILY AND VISUALLY COMMUNICATE INFORMATION ON ALZHEIMER'S, MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA. MORE SPECIFICALLY, EACH OF THESE PROGRAM AREAS MAIL AWARENESS-RAISING MATERIALS TO HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF HOUSEHOLDS, WITH MESSAGES FOCUSING ON: - RISK FACTORS AND SYMPTOM RECOGNITION THROUGH PUBLIC AWARENESS AND STEPS THE PUBLIC SHOULD TAKE THAT MAY HELP REDUCE THEIR RISK. - LIFESTYLE CHOICES THAT PROMOTE GOOD HEALTH, ENCOURAGING READERS TO TAKE ACTION TO REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF THE ONSET OF THE DISEASE. - RESEARCH RESULTS AND TREATMENTS AVAILABLE TO ADDRESS THE DISEASE. BRIGHTFOCUS REGULARLY INTERACTS WITH ADVOCACY ORGANIZATIONS, GOVERNMENTS AT LEVELS, AND MEMBERS OF THE MEDIA TO CALL GREATER ATTENTION TO DISEASES OF MIND AND SIGHT AND SHARE THE LATEST RESEARCH AND BEST PRACTICES WITH THE PUBLIC FIGURES AND KEY STAKEHOLDERS. THROUGH OUR OWN OUTREACH EFFORTS, AS WELL AS ACTIVE ROLES IN ADVOCACY COALITIONS, WE HELP ADVANCE THE CAUSE OF PIONEERING SCIENCE AND BETTER POSITION BRIGHTFOCUS AS A RESOURCE FOR THOSE STRUGGLING WITH, AND SEARCHING FOR CURES FOR, THESE TERRIBLE DISEASES. BRIGHTFOCUS IS THE PRESENTING SPONSOR OF THE HELEN KELLER PRIZE FOR VISION RESEARCH, ONE OF THE MOST PRESTIGIOUS RECOGNITIONS IN THE FIELD. SELECTED BY A PANEL OF THE WORLD'S FOREMOST VISION SCIENTISTS, EACH YEAR'S LAUREATE IS HONORED FOR A GROUNDBREAKING CONTRIBUTION OR DISCOVERY TO SAVE SIGHT. BRIGHTFOCUS BEGAN ITS SPONSORSHIP IN 2015 TO CALL GREATER ATTENTION TO VISION RESEARCH ACROSS THE PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTORS.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	NOTABLE PROJECTS INCLUDE: A FOCUS ON AN INTERNATIONAL BIOSAMPLE AND BRAIN BANK FOR BIOMARKER DISCOVERY FOR HIGH RISK ALZHEIMER'S GROUPS; DETERMINING RISK ALGORITHMS IN MIDDLE AGE FOR ALZHEIMER'S IN MEN AND WOMEN; DRUG DISCOVERY; BIOMARKERS; THE ROLE OF INFLAMMATION IN DISEASE RISK; SCIENTIFIC EXCHANGES; AND BETTER USE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES, INCLUDING MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES AND BIG DATA, TO INCREASE THE SPEED OF CLINICAL TRIALS AND RESEARCH PROGRESS. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT SPECIFIC PROJECTS IS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULES F & I. BRIGHTFOCUS IS HONORED TO HAVE SUPPORTED THE EARLY RESEARCH OF TWO EVENTUAL NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS: DR. STANLEY PRUSINER AND DR. PAUL GREENGARD, WHOSE WORK HAS BEEN INSTRUMENTAL TO OUR CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. BRIGHTFOCUS CONTINUES ITS PARTNERSHIP WITH THE ACADEMIC JOURNAL "MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION" AS THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION. THE JOURNAL PUBLISHES TECHNICAL PAPERS RELATED TO NEURODEGENERATION IN THE THREE DISEASE AREAS. TO ACCELERATE SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS, IT IS AN "OPEN ACCESS" JOURNAL, AND ALL CONTENT IS FREE OF CHARGE. THIS OPEN ACCESS ENSURES MAXIMAL REACH OF JOURNAL CONTENTS TO SCIENTISTS AND CARE PROVIDERS WORLDWIDE. MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION IS CURRENTLY THE HIGHEST IMPACT OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL IN THE NEUROSCIENCES. IN ADDITION TO SUPPORTING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH PROVIDES EXCELLENT RESOURCES ON DETECTING, TREATING, AND LIVING WITH THE DISEASE. THESE ARE AVAILABLE IN BOTH PRINT AS WELL AS ON OUR WEBSITE, WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG. ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IS THE ONLY CAUSE OF DEATH AMONG THE TOP 10 IN AMERICA WITHOUT A WAY TO PREVENT, CURE, OR EVEN SLOW ITS PROGRESSION. IT IS AN IRREVERSIBLE DEGENERATION OF THE BRAIN THAT CAUSES DISRUPTIONS IN MEMORY, COGNITION, PERSONALITY, AND OTHER FUNCTIONS AND INEVITABLY LEADS TO DEATH. AN ESTIMATED 5.5 MILLION AMERICANS HAVE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, ABOUT TWO-THIRDS ARE WOMEN.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4B, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	IN ADDITION TO SUPPORTING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH, MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH PROVIDES EXCELLENT RESOURCES ON DETECTING, TREATING, AND LIVING WITH THIS DISEASE. THESE ARE AVAILABLE IN BOTH PRINT AS WELL AS ON OUR WEBSITE, WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG. AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION IS A LEADING CAUSE OF VISION LOSS IN THE UNITED STATES. IT DESTROYS THE MACULA, THE PART OF THE EYE THAT PROVIDES SHARP, CENTRAL VISION NEEDED FOR SEEING OBJECTS CLEARLY. THE MOST COMMON EYE CONDITION IN PEOPLE AGE 60 AND OLDER, IT CAN LEAD TO VISION LOSS IN ONE OR BOTH EYES, MAKING IT DIFFICULT TO RECOGNIZE FACES, DRIVE A CAR, OR READ.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4C, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 2019, NGR AWARDED $2,549,772 FOR 13 NEW PROJECTS. DETAILS ABOUT SPECIFIC PROJECTS ARE INCLUDED IN SCHEDULES F & I. IN ADDITION TO SUPPORTING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH, NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH PROVIDES EXCELLENT RESOURCES ON DETECTING, TREATING, AND LIVING WITH THE DISEASE. THESE ARE AVAILABLE IN BOTH PRINT AS WELL AS ON OUR WEBSITE, WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG. GLAUCOMA IS A GROUP OF DISEASES THAT DAMAGE THE EYE'S OPTIC NERVE AND CAN RESULT IN VISION LOSS AND PERMANENT BLINDNESS. MORE THAN 3 MILLION AMERICANS AGE 40 AND OLDER HAVE GLAUCOMA. MORE THAN 60 MILLION PEOPLE IN THE WORLD HAVE THE DISEASE. WITH EARLY DETECTION AND TREATMENT, GLAUCOMA OFTEN CAN BE MANAGED TO PROTECT EYES FROM MORE SERIOUS VISION LOSS, BUT IT IS ESTIMATED THAT ONLY HALF OF THE PEOPLE LIVING WITH GLAUCOMA ARE AWARE THAT THEY HAVE THE DISEASE.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B	A DRAFT OF THE FEDERAL FORM 990 IS DISTRIBUTED TO THE AUDIT COMMITTEE FOR REVIEW PRIOR TO BEING SUBMITTED TO THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE. THE DRAFT FEDERAL FORM 990 IS DISTRIBUTED EARLY ENOUGH TO PROVIDE EACH COMMITTEE MEMBER WITH A REASONABLE AMOUNT OF TIME FOR REVIEW AND SUBMISSION OF QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS PRIOR TO THE FILING DEADLINE. THE FINAL FEDERAL FORM 990 IS DISTRIBUTED TO EACH MEMBER OF THE FULL BOARD OF DIRECTORS PRIOR TO BEING FILED WITH THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE. THE DRAFT OR FINAL FEDERAL FORM 990 MAY BE DISTRIBUTED IN PERSON, BY REGULAR MAIL, E-MAIL, OR FAX.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C	BRIGHTFOCUS HAS ALL EMPLOYEES, OFFICERS, AND DIRECTORS AGREE TO THE CODE OF CONDUCT THAT INCLUDES ADHERENCE TO THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST AND IMPLEMENTATION POLICY. EACH BOARD DIRECTOR, OFFICER, AND EMPLOYEE IS REQUIRED TO COMPLETE A CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE STATEMENT ANNAUALLY. EMPLOYEES MEET ANNUALLY WITH THE BRIGHTFOCUS' CHIEF COMPLIANCE OFFICER TO REVIEW THEIR CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENTS, AND GIVE AN ANNUAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST COMPLIANCE REPORT TO THE BOARD CHAIR AND VICE CHAIR. IF A CONFLICT IS REPORTED, IT IS THEN REFERRED TO THE PRESIDENT/CEO AND/OR BRIGHTFOCUS' LEGAL COUNSEL AND, IF APPROPRIATE AND NECESSARY, THEN TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OR ITS APPOINTED COMMITTEE FOR FURTHER ACTION. THE DIRECTOR'S AND OFFICER'S STATEMENTS ARE REVIEWED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS LEGAL COUNSEL. IF A CONFLICT IS REPORTED, IT IS THEN REFERRED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OR ITS APPOINTED COMMITTEE FOR FURTHER ACTION. AT THE TIME OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS DISCUSSION AND DECISION CONCERNING A CONFLICT OF INTEREST, THE CONFLICTED PARTY IS NOT PRESENT IN THE MEETING.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15	BRIGHTFOCUS' BOARD OF DIRECTORS HAS OVERALL AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY FOR APPROVING THE ANNUAL BUDGET WHICH INCLUDES SALARY AND BENEFITS FOR ALL EMPLOYEES AT EVERY LEVEL INCLUDING NON-DIRECTOR OFFICERS AND KEY EMPLOYEES. ALL PAY ADJUSTMENTS ARE MADE ON A YEARLY BASIS EFFECTIVE APRIL 1ST, THE BEGINNING OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS FISCAL YEAR. BEFORE APPROVING THE COMPENSATION OF THE PRESIDENT/CEO, THE BOARD DETERMINES THE TOTAL COMPENSATION TO BE PROVIDED BY BRIGHTFOCUS TO THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS REASONABLE IN LIGHT OF THE POSITION, RESPONSIBILITY AND QUALIFICATION OF THE POSITION HELD INCLUDING THE RESULT OF AN EVALUATION OF PRIOR PERFORMANCE FOR BRIGHTFOCUS, IF APPLICABLE. THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS EVALUATED ANNUALLY BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS THROUGH THE USE OF AN IN-DEPTH GOAL ATTAINMENT STRUCTURE, (DEVELOPED WITH ADVICE FROM BOARD SOURCE) THAT INCLUDES A SELF ASSESSMENT AND A BOARD OF DIRECTORS ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION AGAINST SET GOALS, OUTCOMES AND DELIVERABLES. IN ADDITION, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS PERIODICALLY ENGAGES AN OUTSIDE CONSULTANT TO OBTAIN AND CONSIDER APPROPRIATE DATA, INCLUDING A SALARY SURVEY, WHICH INCLUDES INFORMATION COMPILED FROM THE FEDERAL FORM 990 OF OTHER ORGANIZATIONS, CONCERNING COMPENSATION PAID TO CEOS IN LIKE CIRCUMSTANCES. IN MAKING THE DETERMINATION, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS SHALL CONSIDER TOTAL COMPENSATION TO INCLUDE THE SALARY AND VALUE OF ALL BENEFITS PROVIDED BY BRIGHTFOCUS TO THE INDIVIDUAL IN PAYMENT FOR SERVICES. AT THE TIME OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS BOARD DISCUSSION AND DECISION CONCERNING THE PRESIDENT/CEO'S COMPENSATION, THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS NOT PRESENT IN THE MEETING. THE BOARD SHALL SET FORTH THE BASIS FOR ITS DECISIONS WITH RESPECT TO COMPENSATION IN THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING AT WHICH THE DECISIONS ARE MADE, INCLUDING THE CONCLUSIONS OF THE EVALUATION AND THE BASIS FOR DETERMINING THAT THE INDIVIDUAL'S COMPENSATION WAS REASONABLE IN LIGHT OF THE EVALUATION AND COMPARABILITY DATA. THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS CHARGED WITH THE SETTING OF SALARIES OF ALL OTHER EMPLOYEES IN ACCORDANCE WITH A COMPENSATION STRUCTURE AND BUDGET APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. THE PRESIDENT/CEO AND HUMAN RESOURCES REVIEW EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS THAT INCLUDE KEY EMPLOYEES, BY PERIODICALLY ENGAGING AN OUTSIDE CONSULTANT TO CONDUCT COMPENSATION AND BENEFIT BENCHMARKING STUDIES THAT INCLUDE VARIOUS REGIONAL AND NATIONAL NON-PROFIT COMPENSATION REPORTS AND SURVEYS. COMPENSATION DELIBERATIONS AND DECISIONS INCLUDE THE REVIEW OF SELF AND SUPERVISORY EVALUATIONS OF EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE COMPARED TO SET INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19	BRIGHTFOCUS MAKES ITS GOVERNING DOCUMENTS INCLUDING ITS ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS, THE FEDERAL FORM 1023, THE 501(C)(3) LETTER OF DETERMINATION FROM THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FEDERAL FORM 990 AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST. IN ADDITION, THE PUBLIC ALSO HAS ACCESS TO THE ANNUAL REPORT, AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, THE 501(C)(3) LETTER OF DETERMINATION FROM THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, AND FEDERAL FORM 990 ON OUR WEBSITE.
FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9:	RECOVERIES OF PRIOR YEAR GRANTS 208,198. CHANGE IN PRESENT VALUE OF GRANTS 73,409.
SCHEDULE F, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN D:	REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MARC AUREL BUSCHE, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019112S) IN VIVO CELLULAR IMAGING AND TREATMENT OF HIPPOCAMPAL DYSFUNCTION IN ALZHEIMER MODELS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS PROPOSAL AIMS TO IDENTIFY THE EARLIEST NEUROBIOLOGICAL EVENTS UNDERLYING THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). WE WILL EXPLORE IN PARTICULAR THE EFFECTS THAT TAU AND AMYLOID PROTEINS SEEN IN THE BRAINS OF PATIENTS WITH AD HAVE ON THE ACTIVITY OF INTERACTING NERVE CELLS IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS, A BRAIN REGION WHICH IS KNOWN TO BE IMPORTANT FOR LEARNING AND MEMORY. WE WILL TEST AN INNOVATIVE THERAPEUTIC STRATEGY AND EVALUATE ITS ABILITY TO REPAIR ABNORMAL ACTIVITIES OF NERVE CELLS. THESE STUDIES WILL NOT ONLY INCREASE OUR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF AD BUT ALSO ACCELERATE OUR THERAPEUTIC EFFORTS TO PROTECT NERVE CELLS AND RESCUE LEARNING AND MEMORY FUNCTIONS. GRANT AWARDED: $298,861, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019112S. REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LUCA COLNAGHI, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019296F) SUMOYLATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND DEMENTIA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S IS A DISORDER WITH NO CURE. ONE OF THE REASONS IS THE COMPLEXITY OF THE BRAIN, THE MAIN ORGAN AFFECTED BY THE DISEASE. WE ARE PROPOSING TO TRY TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE BRAIN GETS SICK TO BE ABLE TO CREATE NEW TREATMENTS FOR IT. GRANT AWARDED: $180,000, ISTITUTO DI RICERCHE FARMACOLOGICHE MARIO NEGRI, MILAN, ITALY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019296F. REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DAVID BERRON, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019401F) TRACKING THE EFFECTS OF AMYLOID AND TAU PATHOLOGY ON BRAIN SYSTEMS AND COGNITION IN EARLY ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS A TREMENDOUS BURDEN AND THERE ARE STILL NO THERAPIES AVAILABLE. MOST CLINICAL STUDIES HAVE FOCUSED ON THE LATE DISEASE STAGES WHERE NEURONAL DAMAGE IS ALREADY SEVERE AND IRREVERSIBLE, HOWEVER, TO INTERVENE IN EARLIER STAGES, IT IS ESSENTIAL TO UNDERSTAND HOW AD AFFECTS BRAIN SYSTEMS EARLY IN THE DISEASE. BEYOND THAT, WE NEED BETTER MARKERS TO IDENTIFY INDIVIDUALS AT AN EARLY ASYMPTOMATIC STAGE THAT WILL LIKELY DETERIORATE IN THE COMING YEARS AS WELL AS MEASURES OF TREATMENT RESPONSE TO ASSESS THE BENEFIT OF A TREATMENT. OUR FINDINGS WILL THUS HELP TO EASE FUTURE RESEARCH ON EARLY DISEASE STAGES, WILL MAKE IT EASIER FOR CLINICAL TRIALS TO FIND THE RIGHT PARTICIPANTS AND THUS HOPEFULLY HELP TO ULTIMATELY FIND A CURE FOR AD. GRANT AWARDED: $193,777, LUND UNIVERSITY, MALMO, SWEDEN FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019401F. REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY HENRIETTA NIELSEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019446S) AN APOE-LINKED PLASMA PROFILE AND RELEVANCE TO BEHAVIOR AND NEURODEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS A DISEASE OF THE BRAIN AND FOR WHICH THE RISK IS DETERMINED BY A HERITABLE FACTOR, THE APOE4. WE WILL INVESTIGATE POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF A SPECIFIC APOE4-LINKED BLOODBORNE MOLECULE ON DISEASE-RELATED CHANGES INSIDE THE BRAIN. A SUCCESSFUL DISCOVERY OF A FACTOR THAT CAN BE TARGETED IN THE BLOOD RATHER THAN THE IN BRAIN, FOR THE CURE OR PREVENTION OF AD, WOULD FACILITATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICATION TO PREVENT THE DISEASE. GRANT AWARDED: $300,000, STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019446S. REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY GIACOMO KOCH, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019523S) PRECUNEUS RTMS: A NOVEL THERAPY FOR MILD ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATIENTS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS A GLOBAL HEALTH CHALLENGE. OUR EFFORTS WILL AIM AT DEVELOPING AN EFFECTIVE TREATMENT ABLE TO MEET THE NEEDS OF PATIENTS AND THEIR FAMILIES. THUS, THE PRIMARY AIM OF THIS PROJECT IS TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFICACY OF A NON-INVASIVE BRAIN STIMULATION, NAMELY REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION (RTMS), ON MEMORY SKILLS IN PATIENTS WITH MILD AD. RTMS IS CONSIDERED A SAFE, WELL TOLERATED AND RELATIVELY CHEAP TREATMENT. THE APPEALING IDEA OF OUR INTERVENTION IS TO IMPROVE MEMORY BY DIRECTLY MODULATING THE ACTIVITY OF PRECUNEUS, KEY AREA LINKED TO MEMORY IMPAIRMENT. PATIENTS WILL BE TREATED WITH RTMS IN TWO PHASES: AN INTENSIVE PHASE AND A MAINTENANCE PHASE FOR A TOTAL OF SIX MONTHS. THIS PROJECT WILL PROVIDE A VALID TREATMENT TO SLOW THE WORSENING OF SYMPTOMS AND IMPROVE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR THOSE WITH AD AND THEIR CAREGIVERS. GRANT AWARDED: $190,000, IRCCS SANTA LUCIA FOUNDATION, ROME, ITALY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019523S. REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JEROME MERTENS, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019562S) AGE-DEPENDENT NEURONAL DE-DIFFERENTIATION IN ALZHEIMER'S PATIENT-DERIVED INDUCED NEURONS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: EVERYBODY AGES, AND UNFORTUNATELY, THIS BANAL FACT REPRESENTS A HUGE HEALTH THREAT FOR US, BECAUSE OLD AGE IS THE MAJOR RISK FACTOR FOR MANY HUMAN DISEASES WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) LEADING THE WAY. OUR LABORATORY HAS RECENTLY FOUND A WAY TO REPROGRAM CULTURED SKIN CELLS FROM AD PATIENTS DIRECTLY INTO BRAIN NEURONS, WHICH ARE UNIQUE FOR EACH PATIENT AND ALSO BIOLOGICALLY 'REMEMBER' HOW OLD THE PATIENT WAS. BY LOOKING AT ALL GENES USED BY THESE CELLS, WE COULD ALREADY MAKE SOME EXCITING NEW DISCOVERIES, AS IT LOOKS LIKE THE NEURONS FROM AD PATIENTS SEEM TO HAVE PARTIALLY LOST THEIR MEMORY REGARDING THEIR OWN IDENTITY AND FUNCTION IN THE BODY; IN SOME WAYS SIMILAR TO CANCER CELLS. IN THIS PROJECT WE AIM TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THIS CONNECTION AND TRY TO FIND WAYS TO GIVE AD NEURONS THEIR OWN MEMORY BACK. GRANT AWARDED: $300,000, UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK, INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019562S.
SCHEDULE F, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN D:	REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CAMIN DEAN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019586S) TREATING MEMORY LOSS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE BY STRENGTHENING SYNAPSES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: PEOPLE WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) LOSE THE ABILITY TO REMEMBER THINGS, ESPECIALLY THINGS THEY RECENTLY LEARNED. WE RECENTLY DISCOVERED THAT MICE MISSING A SPECIFIC MOLECULE CALLED SYNAPTOTAGMIN3, HAVE BETTER MEMORY THAN NORMAL MICE. WE NOW WANT TO TEST IF REMOVING THIS MOLECULE FROM MICE WITH AD WILL IMPROVE THEIR MEMORY. IF THIS WORKS, IT COULD BE A WAY TO TREAT HUMANS WITH AD DISEASE TO IMPROVE THEIR MEMORY. GRANT AWARDED: $300,000, EUROPEAN NEUROSCIENCE INSTITUTE, GOETTINGEN, GERMANY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019586S. REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DOMINIK PAQUET, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019604S) AN IPSC-DERIVED HUMAN BRAIN TISSUE MODEL FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: WE CURRENTLY DO NOT UNDERSTAND VERY WELL WHY THE BRAINS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) PATIENTS CONTAIN AGGREGATES OF PROTEINS AND HOW THIS LEADS TO DEATH OF MILLIONS OF NERVE CELLS OVER TIME. TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE FORMATION OF THESE DISEASE SYMPTOMS WE WOULD LIKE TO INVESTIGATE THE BUILDING BLOCKS THAT ARE REQUIRED FOR THE FORMATION OF AD PATHOLOGY. FOR THIS PURPOSE, WE WILL TURN HUMAN STEM CELLS INTO NERVE CELLS AND OTHER CELL TYPES FOUND IN THE HUMAN BRAIN, GROW THEM TOGETHER IN A DISH TO ASSEMBLE ARTIFICIAL HUMAN BRAIN TISSUE, AND INTRODUCE ALTERATIONS IN GENES AND CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY THAT ARE TYPICAL FOR PATIENTS WITH INHERITED FORMS OF AD. WE WILL INVESTIGATE IF THESE MODELS DISPLAY ALZHEIMER PATHOLOGY IN A DISH, AND THEN MODIFY THE COMPOSITION OF CELL TYPES OR THE FUNCTION OF CELLS AND THEIR GENES TO LEARN, WHICH FACTORS CAUSE PROTEIN AGGREGATION OR NERVE CELL DEATH IN AN AD BRAIN. GRANT AWARDED: $300,000, INSTITUTE FOR STROKE AND DEMENTIA RESEARCH, LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITY, MUNICH, GERMANY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019604S. REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH CONFERENCE SUPPORT. GRANT AWARDED: $98,845, THE 14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ALZHEIMER'S & PARKINSON'S DISEASES, LISBON, PORTUGAL. REGION: EAST ASIA & PACIFIC (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ZHICHAO WU, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019073) ENABLING TREATMENT TRIALS OF ATROPHIC AGE- RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION USING NOVEL MICROPERIMETRY TECHNIQUES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE LOSS OF TISSUE RESPONSIBLE FOR VISION IS A COMPLICATION OF THE CONDITION CALLED AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION THAT REMAINS UNTREATABLE. TO HELP THE DISCOVERY OF NEW TREATMENTS, BETTER WAYS OF MEASURING WHETHER A POTENTIAL TREATMENT IS ACTUALLY HAVING A MEANINGFUL POSITIVE EFFECT IS NEEDED. THIS PROJECT THEREFORE EXAMINES WHETHER A NEW METHOD TO MEASURE THE ABILITY OF TO PERCEIVE DIFFERENT LIGHT LEVELS WITHIN THE AREA WHERE TISSUE LOSS IS OCCURRING COULD HELP US BETTER EVALUATE PROMISING NEW TREATMENTS. GRANT AWARDED: $187,873, CENTRE FOR EYE RESEARCH AUSTRALIA, THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE, EAST MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019073. REGION: EAST ASIA & PACIFIC (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY PAUL BAIRD, BSC, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019093) RISK PREDICTION IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION - CAN WE DO BETTER. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS PROPOSAL BRINGS TOGETHER DIFFERENT AREAS OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY AND APPLIES ADVANCES IN HIGH THROUGHPUT COMPUTING AND BIG DATA ANALYSIS TO AID OUR UNDERSTANDING AND ADVANCEMENT OF TREATMENTS FOR THE EYE DISEASE OF AGE RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD); PARTICULARLY THE DRY FORM OF DISEASE WHERE THERE IS CURRENTLY NO TREATMENT. IT WILL IDENTIFY GENES THAT INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER AS WELL AS WITH OTHER FACTORS KNOWN TO BE INVOLVED IN INCREASED RISK OF AMD SUCH AS AGE, SEX OF AN INDIVIDUAL AND SMOKING. THE STATISTICAL FINDINGS WILL BE VERIFIED THROUGH MODELLING IN HUMAN CELLS DERIVED FROM AMD PATIENTS TO IDENTIFY HOW THESE GENES INFLUENCE DISEASE. THIS WORK WILL HAVE A PROFOUND IMPACT ON HOW WE THINK OF BOTH ADVANCED TYPES (THE DRY AND WET TYPES) OF AMD AND PROVIDE TARGETS FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THERAPIES THAT WILL IMPROVE PATIENT'S LIVES WITH THIS DISEASE. GRANT AWARDED: $200,000, CENTRE FOR EYE RESEARCH AUSTRALIA, THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE, EAST MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019093.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: TUFTS UNIVERSITY - BOSTON. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY WONHEE KIM, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019021F) IMPACT OF ELEVATED APP ON BACE1 SUBSTRATES PROCESSING. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: INDIVIDUALS WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) HAVE TROUBLE REMEMBERING EVEN SIMPLE THINGS, LIKE THE NAME OF THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS. AD IS GENERALLY FOUND IN PEOPLE OLDER THAN 65 YEARS OF AGE, BUT SOME PEOPLE BORN WITH GENETIC RISK FACTORS, SUCH AS DOWN SYNDROME AND GENE MUTATIONS CAUSING FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE DEVELOP SYMPTOMS MUCH EARLIER. CURRENTLY THERE IS NO TREATMENT ABLE TO PREVENT OR CURE AD. PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES HAVE DEVELOPED A DRUG, CALLED BACE INHIBITOR, THAT HAS THE POTENTIAL TO PREVENT AND CURE AD. HOWEVER, IT IS STILL UNCERTAIN WHETHER THIS DRUG IS SAFE FOR AD PATIENTS. OUR STUDY SUGGESTS THAT THIS MEDICINE COULD CAUSE WORSE SIDE EFFECTS IN PEOPLE BORN WITH DOWN SYNDROME OR CARRYING A SPECIFIC GENETIC MUTATION CAUSING AD. THEREFORE, OUR GOAL IS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND AD CAUSED BY GENETIC RISK FACTORS, AND ULTIMATELY FIND A SAFE DRUG TREATMENT FOR AD PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019021F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MICHELLE FARRELL, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019029F) EARLY CONSEQUENCES OF SUBTHRESHOLD AMYLOID FOR TAU PATHOLOGY AND COGNITIVE DECLINE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DRUGS ARE CURRENTLY BEING TESTED THAT AIM TO PREVENT ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) BY INTERVENING IN INDIVIDUALS MORE THAN A DECADE BEFORE CLINICAL SYMPTOMS APPEAR WHO HAVE CLEAR EVIDENCE OF AD PATHOLOGY. HOWEVER, LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT THE BEGINNING STAGES OF AD AND HOW THE TWO HALLMARK AD PATHOLOGIES (AMYLOID PLAQUES AND TAU TANGLES) START TO BUILD UP IN THE BRAIN. THE PROPOSED PROJECT AIMS TO USE BRAIN IMAGING (PET SCANS) IN HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS TO VISUALIZE THE EARLIEST SIGNS OF AMYLOID PLAQUES, AND DETERMINE HOW THE BUILDUP OF THESE AMYLOID PLAQUES CONTRIBUTES TO THE APPEARANCE OF TAU TANGLES INSIDE BRAIN CELLS AND SUBTLE CHANGES IN MEMORY AND THINKING. THIS RESEARCH WILL PROVIDE URGENTLY NEEDED INFORMATION ABOUT THE EARLY STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF AD, AND HELP THE NEXT GENERATION OF PREVENTION TRIALS TARGET INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE AT AN OPTIMAL POINT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AD FOR SUCCESSFUL INTERVENTION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019029F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY HEMRAJ DODIYA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019032F) MICROBIOME INFLUENCES MICROGLIA PHENOTYPES AND AMYLOID-BETA AMYLOIDOSIS IN A SEX-SPECIFIC MANNER. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) FEATURES BRAIN DEPOSITION OF AMYLOID-BETA PROTEIN, FORMING PLAQUES, AND INFLAMMATION LEADING TO DEMENTIA. EMERGING EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT MEN AND WOMEN EXHIBIT DIFFERENT GUT MICROBIOTA WHICH REGULATES THE HUMAN IMMUNE SYSTEM AND INFLUENCES THEIR BRAIN FUNCTION. SERIES OF EXPERIMENTS WILL ASSESS THE ROLE OF GENDER-SPECIFIC MICROBES IN REGULATING INFLAMMATION AND AMYLOID-BETA DEPOSITION USING MOUSE MODELS OF AD. KNOWLEDGE GAINED WILL ADVANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF AD SUSCEPTIBILITY IN MEN AND WOMEN LINKING HOW DIFFERENT GUT MICROBES EDUCATES IMMUNE SYSTEM AFFECTING DISEASE COURSE, AND IDENTIFY NOVEL POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS TO TREAT AD IN MEN AND WOMEN SEPARATELY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019032F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MCLEAN HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DARRICK BALU, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019034S) GLIAL D-SERINE IN THE AMYGDALA AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AS ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) PROGRESSES, INFLAMMATION CHANGES THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PARTICULAR CELLS IN THE BRAIN CALLED, ASTROCYTES. THESE TRANSFORMED ASTROCYTES, WHICH ARE CLASSIFIED AS INFLAMMATORY ASTROCYTES, RELEASE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS THAT ARE TOXIC TO ANOTHER POPULATION OF BRAIN CELLS, CALLED NEURONS. THIS GRANT AIMS TO UNDERSTAND HOW ONE OF THE MOLECULES RELEASED BY REACTIVE ASTROCYTES KILLS NEURONS, IN HOPES OF FINDING NEW DRUGS TO TREAT PATIENTS WITH AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019034S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY HOSUNG KIM, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019052S) PREDICTION OF BRAIN BIOLOGICAL AGE AND ACCELERATION OF AGING IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE USING LARGE DATASETS OF EXISTING NEUROIMAGING DATA AND DEEP LEARNING APPROACHES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS PROPOSED RESEARCH SEEKS TO FIRST PREDICT PHYSIOLOGICAL BRAIN AGE (PBA) FOR INDIVIDUALS IN HEALTHY CONDITION BY LEVERAGE DEEP LEARNING-BASED MODELING WITH LARGE SIZE BRAIN MRI DATASETS. THE PRELIMINARY DATA SHOWED THAT THE CURRENT MODEL IS VERY ACCURATE IN THIS TASK WITH THE MEAN ABSOLUTE ERROR (MAE) OF 3 YEARS. (I.E., THE PREDICTED AGE AND THE CHRONOLOGICAL AGE OF A HEALTHY SUBJECT ARE NOT DIFFERENT BY MORE THAN 3 YEARS). THE MODEL TRAINED ON HEALTHY POPULATION WILL BE APPLIED TO THE COHORTS OF MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT (MCI) AND AD IN ORDER TO ACCESS THE ACCELERATION OF AGING, MEANING THAT THE MODEL WOULD SHOW INCREASED AGE IN THESE COHORTS BY CAPTURING THE FASTER BRAIN APPEARANCE CHANGES ON MRI DUE TO MCI OR AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019052S.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MASATO MAESAKO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019056F) VISUALIZATION OF AMYLOID-BETA PRODUCTION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AMYLOID-BETA (AB) IS A KEY PLAYER IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. HOWEVER, IT IS TOTALLY UNCLEAR WHICH CELLS PRODUCE AB AND WHERE WITHIN CELLS THIS PRODUCTION OCCURS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019056F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LUKASZ JOACHIMIAK, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019060S) STRUCTURAL DETERMINANTS OF TAU AGGREGATION IN DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE TAU PROTEIN DEPOSITS IN THE BRAIN OF ALZHEIMER'S PATIENTS. THE TAU PROTEIN NORMALLY ADOPTS A "GOOD" SHAPE AND WITH AGE CONVERTS INTO A "BAD" SHAPE. WE AIM TO UNDERSTAND HOW TAU CHANGES INTO THE "BAD" SHAPE TO HELP UNDERSTAND HOW TO DETECT THIS IN PATIENTS AND DEVELOP THERAPIES TO PREVENT IT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019060S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: EMORY UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY NICHOLAS VARVEL, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019077S) SEIZURES PROMOTE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATHOLOGY VIA MONOCYTES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS AND WILL CONTINUE TO BE A MAJOR HEALTH PROBLEM IN THE COMING DECADES. IN ADDITION TO MEMORY LOSS, A CERTAIN SUBSET OF THOSE WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ALSO SUFFER FROM SEIZURES. WE HAVE RECENTLY IDENTIFIED A IMMUNE CELL TYPE, CALLED A MONOCYTE, THAT ENTERS THE BRAIN AFTER SEIZURES. THE STUDIES ARE DESIGNED TO DETERMINE SEIZURE-INDUCED MONOCYTE ENTRY INTO THE BRAIN ENHANCES THE PROGRESSION OF AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019077S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: HOUSTON METHODIST RESEARCH INSTITUTE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ALIREZA FARIDAR, MD, ENTITLED: (A2019083F) CHARACTERIZING ADAPTIVE IMMUNE MECHANISM IN ALZHEIMER'S: A KEY TO THERAPY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION MIGHT PLAYS A CRITICAL ROLE IN THE ONSET AND PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER DISEASE (AD). REGULATORY T CELLS (TREGS) ARE THE MAJOR IMMUNOMODULATORY CELL IN THE BLOOD THAT MIGHT LOSE THEIR FUNCTION IN AD. FOR THE FIRST TIME IN AD, DYSFUNCTIONAL AD TREGS WILL BE EXPANDED IN CULTURE DISH TO RESTORE THEIR SUPPRESSIVE FUNCTION AND THE IMPACT OF THESE EXPANDED/NORMALIZED TREGS WILL BE EVALUATED ON AD PATHOLOGY. THIS PROJECT COULD FORM THE RATIONAL TO APPLY REGULATORY T CELL EXPANSION AS A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC APPROACH IN AD PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019083F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: HUDSON ALPHA INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY NICK COCHRAN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019129F) MECHANISMS OF MAPT REGULATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: WE WOULD LIKE TO FIND OUT HOW AN IMPORTANT GENE FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) CALLED MAPT IS TURNED ON IN NEURONS, THE CELLS IN YOUR BRAIN THAT CONTROL YOUR THINKING. THIS IMPORTANT GENE MAPT IS THE INSTRUCTION SET FOR A PROTEIN CALLED TAU. TAU CAUSES PROBLEMS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, AND SCIENTISTS THINK THAT REDUCING TAU MIGHT BE HELPFUL AS A TREATMENT. IF WE CAN FIGURE OUT HOW MAPT IS TURNED ON IN NEURONS, IT MIGHT HELP US KNOW HOW WE COULD TURN IT OFF, WHICH WOULD REDUCE TAU AND MIGHT HELP PEOPLE WITH AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019129F.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MATTHIAS TRUTTMANN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019157S) THE IMPACT AND MECHANISTIC BASIS OF CHAPERONE AMPYLATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: PROTEINS ARE SMALL PARTICLES THAT ENABLE US TO THINK AND STORE MEMORIES. AS WE GET OLDER, THESE PROTEINS BECOME LESS AND LESS STABLE AND WILL OCCASIONALLY ENGAGE IN THE FORMATION OF PROTEIN CLUMPS WITHIN CELLS. SOME OF THESE PROTEIN CLUMPS ARE VERY TOXIC TO NEURONS AND WILL DAMAGE OUR BRAINS, THUS TRIGGERING NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES SUCH AS ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. WE AIM TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE PROCESSES THAT PREVENT THE FORMATION OF SUCH PROTEIN CLUMPS AND SEEK TO LEARN WHY THESE PROCESSES BECOME LESS EFFICIENT IN THE OLDER POPULATION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019157S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BECKY CARLYLE, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019182S) INTEGRATED MULTIMODAL *OMICS OF NEUROPEPTIDE PROTEOFORMS TO ASSESS THEIR SUITABILITY AS BIOMARKERS AND THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS A COMPLICATED DISEASE WITH NO EFFECTIVE TREATMENT YET AVAILABLE. AD IS CURRENTLY DEFINED BY THE ABUNDANCE OF TWO INSOLUBLE PROTEINS, AMYLOID-BETA AND TAU, BUT THE AMOUNT OF THESE PROTEINS DOES NOT ACCURATELY PREDICT COGNITIVE PROBLEMS IN PEOPLE WITH AD. RECENT STUDIES HAVE FOUND THAT NEUROPEPTIDES, A GROUP OF SECRETED PROTEINS THAT CAN BE CUT DOWN INTO MANY DIFFERENT, SHORTER PEPTIDES, ARE WIDELY DYSREGULATED IN AD, AND MIGHT PLAY ROLES IN THE AD DISEASE PROCESS. IN THIS PROPOSAL WE INVESTIGATE WHETHER NEUROPEPTIDES MAY BE USED TO MORE ACCURATELY ASSESS AD PATIENTS, AND WHETHER SUPPLEMENTATION WITH THESE PEPTIDES MIGHT EVENTUALLY PROVE A NEW POTENTIAL THERAPY FOR AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019182S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ZHEN ZHAO, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019218S) UNDERSTANDING THE CEREBROVASCULAR LINK BETWEEN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (TBI) IS A LEADING CAUSE OF INJURY DEATHS AND DISABILITIES IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE MOST ROBUST ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTOR FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). VASCULAR IMPAIRMENT IS ALSO A HALLMARK OF THE PATHOLOGICAL EVENTS AFTER TBI, INCLUDING LOCAL EDEMA, BLOOD-FLOW REDUCTION AND BREAKDOWN OF BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER, WHICH MAY SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASE AD RISK. THEREFORE, IT IS PLAUSIBLE TO DRAW A CEREBROVASCULAR LINK BETWEEN TBI AND AD. HERE WE PROPOSE TO ADDRESS THE PAUCITY OF RESEARCH IN THE CEREBROVASCULAR CONNECTION BETWEEN TBI AND AD, AND INVESTIGATE THE CEREBROVASCULAR IMPAIRMENT INDUCED BY TBI AND ITS IMPACT ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO AD IN ANIMAL MODELS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019218S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER SAN ANTONIO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY WENYAN SUN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019223F) INVESTIGATING PIWIL AND PIRNAS IN TAU TRANSGENIC MICE AND HUMAN TAUOPATHY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: I RECENTLY IDENTIFIED DEPLETION OF PIWI/PIRNAS-INDUCED ABERRANT TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT ACTIVATION AS A PHARMACOLOGICALLY TARGETABLE, MECHANISTIC DRIVER OF NEUROTOXICITY IN TAU TRANSGENIC DROSOPHILA. SINCE I REPORTED THAT ABERRANT TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT TRANSCRIPTION IS CONSERVED IN HUMAN TAUOPATHY, I NEXT DETERMINE WHETHER MACHINERY OF TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT SILENCING MEDIATED BY PIWIL AND PIRNAS IS DYSFUNCTIONAL IN TAU TRANSGENIC MICE. I WILL FURTHER DETERMINE IF PIRNAS THAT IDENTIFIED IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ARE DIRECTLY BOUND TO PIWIL AND DETERMINE IF THEY ARE RELEVANT TO HUMAN TAUOPATHY. IF OUR HYPOTHESIS IS CORRECT, DYSREGULATED PIWIL/PIRNAS WILL BE A POTENTIAL PHARMACOLOGICAL TARGET OF A REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR TO SUPPRESS TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT EXPRESSION AND CONSEQUENT NEUROTOXICITY ON TAU TRANSGENIC MICE AND FUTURE CLINICAL TRIALS ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019223F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BRYNDON OLESON, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019250F) ROLE OF POLYPHOSPHATE IN AGING AND AGE-RELATED DISEASES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS AN AGE-RELATED NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY THE FORMATION AND DEPOSITION OF AMYLOID-BETA PLAQUES. WE HAVE RECENTLY DISCOVERED THAT THE HIGHLY-CONSERVED POLYMER POLYPHOSPHATE PROTECTS CELLS AND ORGANISMS FROM THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF AMYLOIDOGENIC PROTEINS SUCH AS AMYLOID-BETA. IN THIS APPLICATION, WE WILL EXAMINE HOW LEVELS OF POLYPHOSPHATE CHANGE WITH AGING AND DETERMINE HOW POLYPHOSPHATE MODIFIES AMYLOID-BETA TOXICITY IN AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019250F.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY GARRETT GIBBONS, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019263F) SELECTIVE DETECTION OF PATHOLOGICAL ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD)-TAU IN HUMAN BIOFLUIDS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THERE ARE CURRENTLY NO BLOOD TESTS TO DETERMINE IF A PERSON HAS ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). IT CAN BE DIFFICULT TO DETERMINE WHETHER A PERSON WITH DEMENTIA HAS ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, A DIFFERENT NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE, OR BOTH SIMULTANEOUSLY. WE CREATED NEW ANTIBODY, NAMED GT-38, THAT DETECTS A FORM OF TAU PROTEIN PRESENT IN AD BUT NOT OTHER NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES. WE WILL USE GT-38 TO DEVELOP A TEST FOR BLOOD OR CEREBRAL SPINAL FLUID TO DISTINGUISH AD FROM OTHER NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019263F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ALEXANDRE BONNIN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019279S) PRENATAL DISRUPTION OF BLOOD-PLACENTA/BRAIN BARRIER FORMATION PROGRAMS ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RISK LATER IN LIFE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: RECENT ANIMAL MODEL STUDIES SUGGEST A CAUSAL LINK BETWEEN INFLAMMATION DURING EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT AND RISK OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE-LIKE NEUROPATHOLOGY LATER IN LIFE. IN LIGHT OF RECENT RESEARCH DEMONSTRATING THAT BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER BREAKDOWN IN THE ADULT BRAIN IS A CORE CAUSE OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), WE HYPOTHESIZE THAT INFLAMMATION-MEDIATED DISRUPTION OF BLOOD-PLACENTA AND BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIERS ARE KEY FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF AD. THIS PROJECT, WHICH EXPLORE UNDERSTUDIED MECHANISMS AND FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO AD ETIOLOGY, WILL PROVIDE INVALUABLE INSIGHTS INTO THE DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF THIS DEVASTATING DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019279S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANNA PIMENOVA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019299F) MODULATION OF MICROGLIAL FUNCTION BY SPI1 (PU.1) IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ANALYSES OF GENETIC INFORMATION IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) HAVE IDENTIFIED A MULTITUDE OF INTRINSIC FACTORS THAT MODULATE OUR PREDISPOSITION TO DEVELOP DEMENTIA. THESE FACTORS ARE VERY COMMON IN HUMAN POPULATIONS AND TOGETHER WITH RARE FAMILIAL CASES OF AD SUGGEST THAT BRAIN INFLAMMATION CONTRIBUTES TO DISEASE PROGRESSION. THIS PROJECT WILL ELUCIDATE THE PROTECTIVE FEATURES OF IMMUNE CELL TYPES IN THE BRAIN AND DEFINE MOLECULES THAT REGULATE BRAIN RESPONSE TO DISEASE. WITH THIS NEW INFORMATION WE WILL BE ABLE TO PROPOSE INTERVENTIONAL STRATEGIES FOR AD AND OTHER NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019299F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SYED ABID HUSSAINI, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019307S) DOES PATHOLOGY IN LOCUS COERULEUS TRIGGER ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE? INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE LOCUS COERULEUS (LC) OF THE BRAIN IS IMPORTANT FOR SLEEP AND MEMORY, AND HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE THE FIRST REGION TO CONTAIN A BAD PROTEIN CALLED TAU IN THEIR NEURONS, WHICH CAUSES ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. BY STUDYING ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF LC NEURONS IN ANIMALS PERFORMING MEMORY TASKS AND DURING SLEEP, WE WILL FIND OUT IF TAU IS PREVENTING LC TO FUNCTION NORMALLY, AND CAUSES SLEEP AND MEMORY PROBLEMS. IN ADDITION, WE WILL MAKE LC NEURONS SENSITIVE TO LIGHT, SO THAT WE CAN CONTROL THEIR ACTIVITY BY SHINING LIGHT AND SEE IF THIS RESTORE ITS FUNCTION AND REVERSE SLEEP AND MEMORY PROBLEMS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019307S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: EMORY UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY THOMAS KUKAR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019355S) UNDERSTANDING LYSOSOME DYSFUNCTION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE HEALTH AND SURVIVAL OF NEURONS IN THE BRAIN IS DEPENDENT ON A RECYCLING PATHWAY CARRIED OUT BY LYSOSOMES, CELLULAR ORGANELLES THAT HELP DEGRADE AND RECYCLE PROTEINS. DEFECTS IN THE FUNCTION OF LYSOSOMES ARE INCREASINGLY THOUGHT TO BE INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). WE ARE TRYING TO UNDERSTAND WHY DECREASES IN A PROTEIN CALLED PROGRANULIN IMPAIR LYSOSOME FUNCTION AND INCREASE THE RISK OF DEVELOPING AD. THIS RESEARCH WILL HELP OUR LONG TERM EFFORT TO DEVELOP DRUGS TO TREAT AD BY CORRECTING LYSOSOME FUNCTION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019355S.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MEMORIAL SLOAN-KETTERING CANCER CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY EITAN WONG, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019356F) THE CIRCADIAN REGULATION OF GAMMA-SECRETASE ACTIVITY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS A PROGRESSIVE AND FATAL NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE WHICH BECOMES INCREASINGLY PREVALENT WORLDWIDE WITH NO EFFECTIVE TREATMENTS AVAILABLE CAUSING A HEALTHCARE PROBLEM OF EPIDEMIC PROPORTION. ALTHOUGH THE CAUSE OF AD IS POORLY UNDERSTOOD, THE DISEASE PROGRESSION IS ASSOCIATED WITH BETA-AMYLOID PEPTIDE SENILE PLAQUES AND SLEEPING DISORDER, SUGGESTING MALFUNCTION IN INTERNAL BIOLOGICAL CLOCK AND ALTERATION OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM. INTERESTINGLY, OUR INITIAL DATA DISCOVERED THAT GAMMA-SECRETASE ACTIVITY, THE ENZYME RESPONSIBLE FOR AMYLOID PLAQUES GENERATION, ALSO EXHIBITS A DAILY CIRCADIAN OSCILLATION. IN THIS PROPOSAL WE AIM TO REVEAL THE MOLECULAR INTERACTION BETWEEN CIRCADIAN FUNCTION AND GAMMA-SECRETASE ACTIVITY AND THE CONNECTION TO AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019356F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WEILL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CORNELL UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANNA ORR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019363S) SELECTIVE BLOCKADE OF MITOCHONDRIAL FREE RADICALS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGING AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACCUMULATION OF FREE RADICALS, ALSO CALLED OXIDATIVE STRESS, IN THE BRAIN AND OTHER ORGANS. OXIDATIVE STRESS CAN DAMAGE CELLS AND ORGANS, AND PROMOTE DISEASE AND IMPAIRMENTS IN BRAIN FUNCTION. WE PREVIOUSLY DISCOVERED SMALL MOLECULES THAT CAN SELECTIVELY BLOCK SPECIFIC CAUSES OF OXIDATIVE STRESS WITHOUT AFFECTING OTHER NORMAL CELL FUNCTIONS. OUR PROPOSED RESEARCH WILL TEST WHETHER THESE MOLECULES HAVE THERAPEUTIC BENEFITS IN EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019363S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KEI IGARASHI, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019380S) RESCUING MEMORY USING CELL-TYPE SPECIFIC REACTIVATION OF MEMORY NETWORK ACTIVITY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DRS. O'KEEFE, MOSER AND MOSER, THREE NOBEL PRIZE RESEARCHERS, PREVIOUSLY FOUND THAT BRAIN CELLS CALLED "PLACE CELLS AND "GRID CELLS" ARE IMPORTANT TO KEEP OUR MEMORY. ARE THESE CELLS BROKEN IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) PATIENTS? IF SO, DOES FIXING OF THESE CELLS HEAL MEMORY LOST IN AD PATIENTS? WE WILL ANSWER TO THESE QUESTIONS USING ANIMAL MODELS OF AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019380S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, TAUB INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY GUSTAVO RODRIGUEZ, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019382F) MACHINE LEARNING & IMPAIRED SPATIAL DECODING IN AD MICE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: COMPLEX INFORMATION PROCESSING IN THE BRAIN IS POSSIBLE DUE TO THE COMBINED STRENGTH AND DIVERSE TALENTS OF LARGE NUMBERS OF NEURONS WORKING TOGETHER. IN MOUSE MODELS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) PATHOLOGY, AMYLOID BETA LEADS TO OVERACTIVE NEURON SIGNALING AND POOR SPATIAL INFORMATION PROCESSING, WHICH MAY BE AGGRAVATED BY TAU BUILD-UP. USING SOPHISTICATED RECORDING TECHNIQUES, WE WILL MEASURE THE CONTENT AND QUALITY OF SPATIAL INFORMATION TRANSMITTED BY LARGE NUMBERS OF NEURONS IN BRAINS CONTAINING AMYLOID BETA AND TAU PATHOLOGY. DYSFUNCTIONAL NEURONAL POPULATIONS WILL BE SELECTIVELY TARGETED TO CORRECT THEIR OVERACTIVE FIRING PATTERNS, WITH THE OVERALL GOAL OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF SPATIAL INFORMATION CARRIED BY LARGE NUMBERS OF NEURONS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019382F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANA BATISTA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019468F) EFFECT OF TTR GENE THERAPY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: A PROTEIN CALLED TTR WILL BE STUDIED TO FIND OUT WHETHER IT CAN BE USED TO TREAT PEOPLE WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). TTR HAS BEEN SHOWN TO HAVE AN EFFECT IN MICE WHO SHOW SYMPTOMS LIKE THOSE OF AD IN HUMANS. IT IS UNKNOWN WHETHER TTR WILL HAVE AN EFFECT ON THE DISEASE IN HUMANS AS WELL. DIFFERENT TYPES OF TTR, WHERE IT IS GIVEN, AND WHEN IT IS GIVEN WILL BE STUDIED. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019468F.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MARIA CALVO-RODRIGUEZ, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019488F) DYSFUNCTION OF ASTROCYTIC MITOCHONDRIA IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: WITH THIS PROJECT, WE WANT TO CLARIFY IF MITOCHONDRIA MOBILITY, DISTRIBUTION AND DYNAMICS ARE ALTERED IN ASTROCYTES IN THE PATHOLOGY OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), AND EVENTUALLY DETERMINE THE CONTRIBUTION OF MITOCHONDRIA AND ASTROCYTES TO THIS DISEASE. WE WILL APPROACH THIS ISSUE BY TRACKING MITOCHONDRIA MOVEMENT AND DISTRIBUTION WITH THE GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN AND THE CA2+ DYNAMICS WITH A REPORTER MOLECULE TARGETED TO MITOCHONDRIA. IMAGING IN THE BRAIN OF LIVING ANIMALS USING MULTIPHOTON MICROSCOPY WILL BE PERFORMED IN MOUSE MODELS OF AD. ONCE WE KNOW THIS SEQUENCE, WE PLAN TO REVERSE THE MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION WITH APPROPRIATE DRUGS, SUGGESTING NOVEL MOLECULAR TARGETS FOR THERAPEUTIC DEVELOPMENT THAT CAN BE USED IN PEOPLE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019488F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JUSTYNA DOBROWOLSKA ZAKARIA, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019520S) DIFFERENTIATION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE SUBGROUPS USING SAPP-BETA AND SAPP-ALPHA AS CEREBROSPINAL FLUID BIOMARKERS OF BACE1 ACTIVITY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: OUR GOAL IS TO MEASURE HOW QUICKLY AN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) PATIENT'S BRAIN MAKES A SPECIFIC PROTEIN, AND COMPARE THIS TO A HEALTHY PATIENT'S BRAIN, TO DETERMINE IF IN AD THERE IS MORE OF THIS PROTEIN BEING MADE THAN NORMAL. ALSO, THERE IS INCREASING EVIDENCE THAT NOT EVERY PATIENT'S AD HAS THE SAME CAUSE. SO ADDITIONALLY, WE WANT TO USE THE SPECIFIC PROTEIN, AND OTHER PROTEINS ASSOCIATED WITH AD, TO DETERMINE IF THERE ARE SUBGROUPS WITHIN AD PATIENTS, THAT MIGHT RESPOND IN DIFFERENT WAYS TO DRUGS THAT TARGET AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019520S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MIN-KYOO SHIN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019551F) INVESTIGATION OF THE NOVEL ROLE OF 15-HYDROXYPROSTAGLANDIN DEHYDROGENASE IN NEURODEGENERATION IN A MOUSE MODEL OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS ONE OF THE MOST HIGHLY PREVALENT AND DEVASTATING CONDITIONS IN SOCIETY, AND THERE ARE CURRENTLY NO TREATMENTS THAT PREVENT OR SLOW DISEASE PROGRESSION. WE HAVE DISCOVERED A NEW BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM GOVERNING NEURODEGENERATION IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF 15-PROSTAGLANDIN DEHYDROGENASE IN THE BRAIN THAT CONTROLS LEVELS OF PROSTAGLANDIN E2, AN ENDOGENOUS AGENT THAT PROTECTS NEURONS. WE ALSO HAVE PRELIMINARY EVIDENCE THAT LEVELS OF 15-PGDH ARE PATHOLOGICALLY INCREASED IN ANIMAL MODELS OF AD, AS WELL AS HUMAN AD BRAIN. THIS PROJECT WILL RIGOROUSLY DETERMINE WHETHER THIS ABERRANT INCREASE IN 15-PGDH PLAYS A CAUSATIVE ROLE IN NERVE CELL DEATH AND BEHAVIORAL LEARNING PROBLEMS IN A MOUSE MODEL OF AD, AND COULD THUS IDENTIFY A NEW THERAPEUTIC TARGET FOR PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019551F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY XIAO CHEN, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019566F) DISSECTING THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING ASTROGLIOSIS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS A HORRIBLE DISEASE WITH NO CURE. IN THE BRAINS OF THESE PATIENTS, A TYPE OF CELLS CALLED ASTROCYTES ARE TURNED INTO BAD CELLS AND START HARMING THE BRAIN. WE ARE DEVELOPING A CUTTING-EDGE METHOD TO STUDY THIS IN MICE, HOPEFULLY, WE WILL FIND A DRUG THAT CAN HELP TURN ASTROCYTES TO DO GOOD AGAIN TO HELP AD PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019566F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ARJUN MASURKAR, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019602S) THALAMIC CONTROL OF MEMORY IN ALZHEIMER DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: MEMORY FAILS EARLY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) BECAUSE THE ENTORHINAL CORTEX, A BRAIN AREA FIRST AFFECTED BY THE DISEASE, CANNOT PROPERLY COMMUNICATE WITH THE HIPPOCAMPUS, THE SECOND BRAIN AREA AFFECTED BY THE DISEASE. HOWEVER, THERE IS ANOTHER BRAIN REGION, THE THALAMUS THAT COMMUNICATES WITH THE HIPPOCAMPUS BUT IS NOT AFFECTED AT EARLY STAGES. HERE WE LAY THE GROUNDWORK FOR POSSIBLY STIMULATING THE THALAMUS TO COMPENSATE FOR ENTORHINAL-HIPPOCAMPAL MISCOMMUNICATION, BY FIRST DECIPHERING THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE "WIRING DIAGRAM" BETWEEN THALAMUS AND HIPPOCAMPUS, AND THEN EXAMINING HOW THIS FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY CHANGES IN AD. THIS WILL PROVIDE A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE ROLE OF THE THALAMUS IN NORMAL MEMORY, AND SET THE STAGE FOR FUTURE WORK AIMED AT PRECISELY TUNING THESE THALAMIC INPUTS TO ENHANCE MEMORY IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY STAGE AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019602S.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY BEDE PORTZ, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019612F) RNA DISAGGREGASES AS REGULATORS OF RNA PHASE-SEPARATION IN C9ORF72 FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA IS CAUSED BY EXPANDED REPEATS IN THE C9ORF72 GENE, WHICH ENCODE TOXIC REPEAT RNAS THAT AGGREGATE, FORMING RNA FOCI. I WILL ELUCIDATE THE MACHINERY OVERWHELMED BY C9ORF72 REPEAT EXPANSION BY TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS THAT DDX3X IS AN RNA DISAGGREGASE CAPABLE OF DISSOLVING THESE FOCI, AND BY SCREENING FOR NEW PROTEIN MODIFIERS OF C9ORF72 RNA FOCI IN LIVE CELLS. THIS PROPOSAL WILL REVEAL BASIC RNA BIOLOGY AND IDENTIFY NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS IN FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019612F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY YUXIANG SUN, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019630S) GHRELIN RECEPTOR MEDIATED NEUROINFLAMMATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: LOW-GRADE CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IS A HALLMARK OF AGING, AND INFLAMMATION IN THE BRAIN CAUSES AND WORSENS ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). WE HAVE EVIDENCE THAT SUPPRESSION OF A GENE CALLED GHS-R IN IMMUNE CELLS PRODUCES AN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT IN THE BRAIN AND IMPROVES SPATIAL MEMORY. THE GOAL OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO DETERMINE THE ROLE OF GHS-R IN IMMUNE CELLS IN AD. THIS HAS POTENTIAL TO LEAD TO NOVEL INTERVENTIONS FOR COMBATING AD BY COMBATING INFLAMMATION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019630S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PETER ABADIR, PHD, ENTITLED: (A2019634S) CHARACTERIZING BRAIN ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS STUDY IS DESIGNED TO EVALUATE SPECIFIC FACTORS THAT MAY PLAY A ROLE IN DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER'S DEMENTIA. ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTORS 1, 2 AND 4 (AT1R, AT2R AND AT4R) ARE FOUND ON BRAIN CELLS AND PLAY AN IMPORTANT FUNCTION IN BRAIN VITAL FUNCTIONS. THIS STUDY WILL EXAMINE CHANGES IN THESE RECEPTORS IN BRAIN CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER'S DEMENTIA. WE WILL ALSO STUDY THE IMPACT OF A CLASS OF DRUGS THAT TARGET THESE RECEPTORS AND COMMONLY USED TO TREAT HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2019634S. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MAYO CLINIC, JACKSONVILLE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH ENTITLED: (CA2017563) MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION JOURNAL. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: WE PARTNER WITH BIOMED CENTRAL'S OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL, MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION (MN), WHICH IS THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF BRIGHTFOCUS. THE OPEN ACCESS PUBLISHING MODEL PROVIDES FREE ARTICLES TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC, AS WELL AS SCIENTISTS, CLINICIANS, AND OTHER HEALTHCARE PRACTITIONERS. MN PUBLISHES PEER-REVIEWED, ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON THE CAUSES OF EURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES, SUCH AS ALZHEIMER'S OR PARKINSON'S AND ON THE PRE-CLINICAL TESTING OF POTENTIAL THERAPIES FOR THESE DEVASTATING DISEASES. MN HAS AN IMPACT SCORE OF 6.43 (WITH A 5-YEAR IMPACT FACTOR OF 7.08, REFLECTING THE SUSTAINED IMPACT OF OUR JOURNAL), AND REMAINS THE HIGHEST RANKED OPEN ACCESS NEUROSCIENCE JOURNAL IN THE JOURNAL CITATION REPORTS.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF DENVER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANN CHARLOTTE GRANHOLM-BENTLEY, PHD, ENTITLED: (CA2018010) INTERNATIONAL BRAIN BANK FOR DOWN SYNDROME-RELATED ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE FOCUS OF THIS SPECIAL PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A STRONG COLLABORATE NETWORK BETWEEN SIX DIFFERENT RESEARCH GROUPS FOCUSED ON PROVIDING MUCH-NEEDED INFORMATION ABOUT THE DOWN SYNDROME POPULATION, OF WHICH AS MANY AS 80 PERCENT HAVE ALZHEIMER'S PATHOLOGY BY THE TIME THEY ARE IN THEIR 50S AND 60S. ALTHOUGH THERE ARE MANY CENTERS AND RESEARCHERS THAT FOCUS ON ALZHEIMER'S IN THE GENERAL POPULATION, FEW OF THEM FOCUS ON PEOPLE WITH DOWN SYNDROME. THE INFORMATION GENERATED BY OUR PROJECT WILL BE OF GREAT HELP TO THOSE WITH DOWN SYNDROME AND THOSE WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CA2018010. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JILL GOLDSTEIN, PHD, ENTITLED: (CA2018607) DEVELOPMENT OF CLINICAL ALGORITHM TO IDENTIFY RISK FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IN EARLY MIDLIFE INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS PROJECT WILL SUPPORT THE LAUNCHING OF A COMPREHENSIVE EFFORT (INTEGRATING CLINICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BRAIN BIOLOGY TRAITS) TO IDENTIFY IN EARLY MIDLIFE BIOMARKERS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RISK INFORMED BY SEX DIFFERENCES IN BRAIN AGING AND MEMORY DECLINE. THIS IS ONE OF THE FIRST PROJECTS TO COMPREHENSIVELY ASSESS MULTIPLE PREDICTED BIOMARKERS FOR ALZHEIMER'S RISK IN MIDDLE AGE AND RELATE THEM TO BRAIN SCANS, PHYSIOLOGY, GENETICS, AND CLINICAL DATA WITH A SPECIFIC FOCUS ON INCORPORATING DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN IN ALZHEIMER'S DEVELOPMENT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CA2018607. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY KEVIN CHAN, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019103) THE ROLE OF BRAIN WASTE CLEARANCE SYSTEM IN GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: RECENTLY, A NEW HYPOTHESIS EMERGED THAT SUGGESTS THE INVOLVEMENTS OF THE BRAIN WASTE CLEARANCE SYSTEM CALLED GLYMPHATIC SYSTEM IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF GLAUCOMA, YET ITS EXACT ROLE REMAINS LARGELY UNEXPLORED, PARTLY DUE TO LIMITED IMAGING METHODS TO MONITOR THE GLYMPHATIC SYSTEM AND THE ASSOCIATED STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE VISUAL SYSTEM. THIS STUDY WILL ADDRESS THIS CRITICAL ISSUE, BY DETERMINING THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID DYNAMICS ALONG THE OPTIC NERVE AND THE CORRESPONDING VISUAL SYSTEM IMPAIRMENTS USING ADVANCED, MULTI-PARAMETRIC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN SEVERAL EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS INVOLVING CHANGES IN EYE PRESSURE, BRAIN PRESSURE AND WATER CHANNEL FUNCTION. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY WILL NOT ONLY PROVIDE NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE BRAIN INVOLVEMENTS THAT OCCUR DURING THE PROCESS OF GLAUCOMATOUS NEURODEGENERATION, BUT ALSO ARE LIKELY TO SUGGEST NEW STRATEGIES FOR TARGETING GLAUCOMA TREATMENT BEYOND LOWERING EYE PRESSURE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019103. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: EMORY UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ELDON GEISERT, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019111) ROBUST OPTIC NERVE REGENERATION: A SYSTEMS BIOLOGY APPROACH. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: RECENT STUDIES HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT THE ADULT OPTIC NERVE IS CAPABLE OF TRUE AXONAL REGENERATION IN THE MOUSE. FOR THIS REGENERATION TO BE APPLICABLE TO HUMANS, THE REGENERATING AXONS MUST TRAVEL A CONSIDERABLY LONGER DISTANCE. OUR GROUP HAS DEVELOPED A MOUSE MODEL SYSTEM THAT WILL ALLOW US TO IDENTIFY GENES THAT WILL INCREASE THE NUMBER OF REGENERATING AXONS BY AT LEAST FOUR TIMES AND THE DISTANCE THE AXONS GROW BY AT LEAST THREE TIMES. IF FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY IS TO OCCUR IN HUMANS WE MUST INCREASE THE NUMBER OF REGENERATING AXONS AND THEIR RATE OF GROWTH. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019111. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY CHAN PARK, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019179) SMALL MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS FOR GLAUCOMA THERAPY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE FLUID IN GLAUCOMA PATIENT EYES HAS HIGHER CONCENTRATION OF A CHEMICAL THAN THE FLUID IN HEALTHY EYES. THIS CHEMICAL, A GROWTH FACTOR, TRANSFORMS TISSUES TO BE STIFFER AND THE TISSUE STIFFNESS IS KNOWN TO INCREASE THE CHANCE OF GLAUCOMA, THE SECOND LEADING CAUSE OF VISION LOSS. WE PROPOSE TO TEST A NEW DRUG (CALLED "REMODILINS") TO SEE IF WE CAN MAKE THOSE STIFFENED TISSUE BACK TO SOFTER STATE. IF REMODILIN DOES WHAT WE EXPECT IT TO DO, THEN REMODILINS COULD BE A NEW GLAUCOMA DRUG. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019179. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ALEJANDRA BOSCO, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019219) COMPLEMENT-TARGETED THERAPY TO RESTRICT GLAUCOMA PROGRESSION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS A DISEASE THAT DEGRADES VISION OVER TIME. IN THE RETINA, NEURONS DECLINE AND DIE, DESPITE THE IMMUNE RESPONSES OF SUPPORTING GLIAL CELLS. WE HAVE DEVELOPED A NEW POTENTIAL TREATMENT THAT REBALANCES IMMUNE RESPONSES AND CONTROLS GLAUCOMA IN OLD MICE, AND WILL DEFINE IF IT MAY CURE PATIENTS BY TREATING SEVERAL EXPERIMENTAL MODELS. ALSO, WE WILL STUDY HOW DYING OR SURVIVING NEURONS INTERACT WITH GLIA IN THE RETINA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019219.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: TEMPLE UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY GARETH THOMAS, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019267) ROLES OF PALMITOYLATION IN PROGRESSION OF GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS A DISEASE THAT CAUSES BLINDNESS BECAUSE THE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE EYE AND BRAIN ARE DAMAGED. THIS DAMAGE IS CAUSED BY ACTIVATION OF 'EXECUTIONER' PROTEINS THAT CAUSE THE CONNECTIONS TO DEGENERATE, AND LOSS OF 'SURVIVAL' PROTEINS THAT NORMALLY PROTECT THE CONNECTIONS. WE HAVE EVIDENCE THAT IMPORTANT EXECUTIONER AND SURVIVAL PROTEINS ARE MODIFIED WITH A STICKY, FATTY TAG. WE WILL DETERMINE THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS 'TAGGING' PROCESS FOR THE DAMAGE SEEN IN GLAUCOMA, WHICH MAY REVEAL NEW WAYS TO TREAT THIS DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019267. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY HAIYAN GONG, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019295) THE ROLE OF THROMBOSPONDIN-1 IN REGULATING IOP. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS A LEADING CAUSE OF BLINDNESS WORLDWIDE AND A PRIMARY RISK FACTOR FOR THIS DISEASE IS ABNORMALLY INCREASED PRESSURE INSIDE THE EYE, WHICH IS USUALLY A RESULT OF AN ELEVATED RESISTANCE TO THE DRAINAGE OF THE AQUEOUS HUMOR. CURRENTLY, THE ONLY WAY TO TREAT OR MANAGE GLAUCOMA IS TO LOWER THIS INCREASED EYE PRESSURE. THE PROPOSED RESEARCH WILL INVESTIGATE THE MECHANISMS RESPONSIBLE FOR REGULATING THE DRAINAGE OF THE AQUEOUS HUMOR, BY SPECIFICALLY STUDYING AN IMPORTANT TARGETING SITE OF ALONG THE DRAINAGE PATHWAY, THE TRABECULAR MESHWORK. THE FINDINGS MAY LEAD TO NOVEL TREATMENTS OR PREVENTATIVE MEASURES FOR GLAUCOMA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019295. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ROBERT JOHNSTON, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019300) GROWING HUMAN RETINAL ORGANOIDS TO STUDY RETINAL GANGLION CELL BIRTH AND DEATH IN GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DURING GLAUCOMA, THE NEURONS THAT CONNECT THE EYE TO THE BRAIN DIE, LEADING TO VISION LOSS. WE HAVE LEARNED A GREAT DEAL ABOUT THESE CELLS FROM STUDIES IN OTHER ANIMALS LIKE MICE AND FISH, YET STUDIES DIRECTLY IN DEVELOPING HUMAN TISSUE HAVE BEEN LIMITED. HERE, WE PROPOSE TO GROW HUMAN RETINAS IN A DISH FROM STEM CELLS TO (1.) DETERMINE WHAT GENES ARE ON OR OFF IN THESE CRITICAL NEURONS, (2.) DEVELOP TREATMENTS TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF THESE NEURONS, AND (3.) STUDY HOW THESE NEURONS DIE AND DEVELOP WAYS TO PREVENT THEIR DEATH. OUR WORK WILL BE THE FIRST TO STUDY THESE MECHANISMS IN DEVELOPING HUMAN TISSUE, PROVIDING INSIGHTS CRITICAL FOR UNDERSTANDING GLAUCOMA PROGRESSION AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019300. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY SARAH ZHANG, MD, ENTITLED: (G2019302) TARGETING NEUROINFLAMMATION FOR RGC PROTECTION IN GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE PROPOSED RESEARCH STUDIES A NOVEL PROTEIN THAT WAS RECENTLY IDENTIFIED AS A KEY REGULATOR OF MACROPHAGES, A TYPE OF IMMUNE CELLS THAT ARE ACTIVATED DURING GLAUCOMA. USING GENETIC TOOLS AND ANIMAL MODELS, THE STUDY WILL EXPLORE HOW THIS PROTEIN REGULATES MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION AND INFLAMMATION IN THE RETINA OF GLAUCOMA EYES. FURTHERMORE, THE STUDY WILL DEVELOP A NOVEL THERAPY USING SMALL VESICLES SECRETED FROM BONE MARROW STEM CELLS TO MANIPULATE MACROPHAGE BEHAVIOR AND PROTECT RETINAL NEURONS IN GLAUCOMA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019302. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY TRENT WATKINS, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019332) STRESS SIGNALING IN THE SURVIVAL AND REPAIR OF RGCS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DISEASE PROCESSES IN GLAUCOMA HARM THE CONNECTIONS THAT ALLOW YOUR EYE TO SEND VISUAL INFORMATION TO YOUR BRAIN. THIS HARM STIMULATES NATURAL REPAIR PROCESSES THAT ULTIMATELY FAIL AND EVEN END UP FURTHER CONTRIBUTING TO THE LOSS OF VISION. OUR PROPOSAL AIMS TO UNDERSTAND HOW THESE REPAIR PROCESSES SWITCH FROM PROVIDING HOPE FOR RECOVERY TO CAUSING GREATER DAMAGE. APPROPRIATE STIMULATION OF THESE PROCESSES MAY ALLOW FOR RESTORATION OF VISION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019332.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MEREDITH GREGORY-KSANDER, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019340) TARGETING THE ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT PATHWAY IN GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS A PROGRESSIVE EYE DISEASE THAT ULTIMATELY LEADS TO THE DEATH OF RETINAL GANGLION CELLS (RGC) AND LOSS OF VISION AND RECENT STUDIES HAVE LINKED THE PROGRESSIVE LOSS OF RGCS WITH AN OVER-ACTIVATED IMMUNE SYSTEM. IN THE HEALTHY EYE, INFLAMMATION IS TIGHTLY REGULATED IN ORDER TO PROTECT THE DELICATE TISSUES NECESSARY FOR VISION. HOWEVER, IN GLAUCOMA INFLAMMATION IN THE EYE BECOMES DYSREGULATED RESULTING IN DEATH OF RGCS AND DEGENERATION OF THE OPTIC NERVE. WE HAVE IDENTIFIED AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM THAT WE BELIEVE BECOMES DYSREGULATED EARLY IN GLAUCOMA AND IN THIS PROJECT WE WILL DETERMINE THE EFFICACY OF TARGETING THIS PATHWAY AS A NOVEL TREATMENT APPROACH IN GLAUCOMA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019340. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY JOHN HETLING, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019356) DIAGNOSING GLAUCOMA IN THE PERIPHERAL RETINA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF GLAUCOMA IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT LEADS TO MORE EFFECTIVE TREATMENT. EARLY GLAUCOMA CAN AFFECT CENTRAL VISION OR PERIPHERAL VISION, SO BOTH AREAS OF VISION SHOULD BE TESTED. THE BEST OBJECTIVE TEST FOR GLAUCOMA EVALUATES ONLY CENTRAL VISION. THEREFORE, WE DEVELOPED A TEST TO EVALUATE PERIPHERAL VISION SO THAT EARLY DETECTION IS AVAILABLE TO EVERYONE. THIS PROJECT WILL GIVE THE CENTRAL VISION AND PERIPHERAL VISION TESTS TO A GROUP OF GLAUCOMA PATIENTS, TO SHOW THAT THE NEW PERIPHERAL VISION TEST HELPS TO DIAGNOSE THE DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019356. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: DUKE UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MICHAEL HAUSER, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019357) SINGLE CELL RNASEQ TO CHARACTERIZE GLAUCOMA RISK GENES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: LARGE STUDIES HAVE IDENTIFIED MANY GENES AND GENETIC VARIANTS THAT INCREASE RISK OF GLAUCOMA, BUT LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT THE MECHANISM. THE WORK DESCRIBED IN THIS PROPOSAL WILL EXAMINE THE LEVELS OF THESE GENES IN INDIVIDUAL CELLS IN THE RETINA, AND HOW GENETIC VARIANTS CHANGE THOSE LEVELS. IT WILL PROVIDE THE BASIC INFORMATION THAT WILL ENABLE US TO UNDERSTAND MECHANISM, AND MAY LEAD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW TREATMENTS FOR GLAUCOMA. IMPORTANTLY, THIS WORK WILL FOLLOW UP NEW FINDINGS IN AFRICAN AMERICANS, A GROUP THAT IS DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECTED BY GLAUCOMA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019357. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY SAIDAS NAIR, PHD, ENTITLED: (G2019360) NOVEL GENETIC MOUSE MODEL OF EARLY-ONSET GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: BLINDING DISEASES AFFECTING CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS ARE MAINLY CAUSED BY DEFECTIVE GENES, WHICH ARE TYPICALLY PASSED ON FROM PARENT TO THEIR CHILDREN. OUR MISSION IS TO IDENTIFY THE CULPRIT GENE AND FIND OUT HOW THEY ACT TO CAUSE BLINDNESS. THE COMPLETION OF THIS PROJECT WILL HELP US MOVE FORWARDS TOWARDS FINDING SOLUTIONS TO CONTROL AND MANAGE THE DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2019360. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: VANDERBILT EYE INSTITUTE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY MD IMAM UDDIN, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019023) HAIRPIN-DNA FUNCTIONALIZED NANOFORMULATIONS FOR SPECIFIC GENE SILENCING IN VIVO IN AN ANIMAL MODEL OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD). INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE GOAL OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO DEMONSTRATE THE APPLICATIONS OF A NANOTECHNOLOGY-BASED APPROACH FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF 'WET' AMD WITHOUT USING ANY TOXIC TRANSFECTION REAGENTS. IN THIS APPROACH, DR. UDDIN AND COLLEAGUES WILL USE GOLD NANOPARTICLES ENGINEERED FOR THE FIRST TIME TO TREAT AMD SPECIFIC GENES TO OVERCOME THE LIMITATIONS OF EXISTING THERAPY. THEY WILL TEST THIS NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR ITS SAFETY, HIGH SENSITIVITY, AND SPECIFICITY IN CELLS AND IN ANIMAL MODELS OF 'WET' AMD. USING THIS NOVEL NANOTECHNOLOGY, CLINICIANS MIGHT BE ABLE TO REDUCE SPECIFIC DISEASED GENES IN AMD PATIENTS AND COULD PERMANENTLY REDUCE THE RISK OF PROGRESSION IN A MORE TIMELY FASHION AND PRESERVING THE VISION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019023.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: AUGUSTA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH INSTITUTE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY MING ZHANG, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019035) THE ROLE OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEOVASCULAR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS A LEADING CAUSE OF VISION LOSS AMONG PEOPLE AGE 50 AND OLDER. CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV), A VERY COMMON VIRUS STAYING IN THE BODIES OF OVER HALF OF AMERICANS, IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANY LONG-TERM DISEASES. THE PURPOSE OF THIS APPLICATION IS TO INVESTIGATE IF CMV STAYS IN THE HUMAN EYES AND HOW VIRUS REACTIVATION IN THE EYE CONTRIBUTES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMD. THIS STUDY ALSO EXPLORES STRATEGIES TO INHIBIT VIRUS REACTIVATION AND ALLEVIATE DEVELOPMENT OF AMD INDUCED BY CMV REACTIVATION IN THE EYE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019035. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ZONGCHAO HAN, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019063) SELECTIVE TARGETING REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES FOR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS AN AGE RELATED PROBLEM CAUSING VISION LOSS, MAINLY EFFECTED BY THE GRADUAL BUILDUP OF FREE RADICALS, THE WASTE PRODUCTS FROM OUR CELLS. WE CREATED A SOLUTION TO PREVENT AMD PROGRESSION WHICH SERVES AS A SELECTIVE WASTE COLLECTOR TO PICK UP ANY SPECIFIC FREE RADICALS. WE LOOK TO BENEFIT ALL AMD PATIENTS THROUGH OUR TREATMENT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019063. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY TIM CORSON, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019069) INHIBITING A NOVEL TARGET FOR WET AMD THERAPY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ABNORMAL BLOOD VESSEL GROWTH IN THE EYE CAUSES "WET" AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION, A MAJOR CAUSE OF BLINDNESS. SINCE MANY PATIENTS DO NOT RESPOND TO EXISTING THERAPIES, NEW DRUGS ARE NEEDED TO BLOCK THIS BLOOD VESSEL GROWTH. STARTING WITH A PROTEIN THAT WE DISCOVERED THAT BLOCKS BLOOD VESSEL GROWTH WHEN INHIBITED, WE WILL DESIGN AND PRODUCE NEW CHEMICALS THAT BLOCK THIS PROTEIN'S FUNCTION. WE WILL TEST THESE CHEMICALS FOR BLOOD VESSEL GROWTH INHIBITION IN THE PETRI DISH AND IN EYES, AS A KEY STEP TOWARDS DEVELOPING A NEW THERAPY FOR WET AMD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019069. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY HAIJIANG LIN, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019074) CYTOSOLIC ACCUMULATION OF NUCLEAR DNA FRAGMENTS IN RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM AND AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION . INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS THE LEADING CAUSE OF IRREVERSIBLE VISION LOSS AMONG ELDERLY PEOPLE IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. THE "DRY" FORM OF AMD ACCOUNTS FOR 85% OF ALL CASES WITHOUT EFFECTIVE TREATMENT, WHILE THE "WET" FORM OCCURS IN ABOUT 15% OF THE ADVANCED AMD CASES, WHICH IS BEING TREATED WITH ANTI-VEGF BUT NOT EFFECTIVE IN ALL CASES. OUR STUDY WILL IDENTIFY THE FACTOR(S) CONTRIBUTING TO THE PROGRESSION OF AMD AND EXPLORE METHOD TO HALT OR REVERSE AMD RETINAL LESION. OVERALL GOAL IS TO GAIN A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF THIS DISEASE AND TO DEVELOP NOVEL EFFECTIVE THERAPIES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019074. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR SUNY ON BEHALF OF UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY MICHAEL FARKAS, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019108) DEFINING THE FUNCTIONAL ROLE OF RPE-EXPRESSED AMD RISK-ASSOCIATED LONG NON-CODING RNAS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: WE AIM TO ELUCIDATE THE ROLE TWO NOVEL LONG NON-CODING RNAS PLAY IN THE REGULATION OF HTRA1, A GENE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH RISK OF DEVELOPING AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD). THE LONG NON-CODING RNAS ARE PREDICTED, AND OUR DATA DEMONSTRATES, TO DECREASE HTRA1 LEVELS. THE DATA OBTAINED IN THIS PROPOSAL WILL BE USED TO ADVANCE OUR KNOWLEDGE OF AMD PATHOGENESIS, AND ULTIMATELY, TOWARD A THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019108.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ELIZABETH VARGIS, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019109) AN INTEGRATED MICROFLUIDIC MODEL OF SUBRETINAL TISSUE TO STUDY AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE LINING OF THE BACK OF OUR EYES, INCLUDING RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIAL CELLS AND BLOOD VESSELS, SUPPORTS OUR HIGHLY SPECIALIZED PHOTORECEPTORS. BLINDNESS CAN OCCUR IF THESE CELLS AND TISSUES DO NOT WORK PROPERLY. BY UNDERSTANDING HOW THE LAYERS WORK WITH ONE ANOTHER, WE CAN BETTER UNDERSTAND HOW THEY BEHAVE NORMALLY AND DURING DISEASE. WITH OUR BACKGROUND AS BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS, WE WILL DESIGN A MULTI-LAYERED MODEL WITH HUMAN CELLS AND BLOOD VESSELS THAT REALISTICALLY MIMICS THE BACK OF THE EYE UNDER VARYING CONDITIONS TO DEVELOP TREATMENTS THAT CAN EFFECTIVELY STOP BLINDNESS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019109. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON, HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY YE SUN, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019114) A NEGATIVE IMMUNE REGULATOR CONTROLS WET AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ABNORMAL BLOOD VESSEL GROWTH IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF IRREVERSIBLE VISION LOSS IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) PATIENTS. CURRENTLY THERE IS NO EFFECTIVE TREATMENT TO PREVENT OR SLOW THE BLOOD VESSEL PROLIFERATION IN WET AMD PATIENTS. THIS WORK AIMS TO INVESTIGATE A NOVEL NEGATIVE-IMMUNE REGULATOR THAT MAY SUPPRESS INFLAMMATION-INDUCED ABNORMAL VESSEL GROWTH IN AMD BY ALTERING IMMUNE-VASCULAR CROSSTALK. NOVEL ACTIVATORS OF THIS IMMUNE REGULATOR WILL BE EVALUATED IN A PRE-CLINICAL ANIMAL MODEL OF AMD TO DETERMINE IF TREATMENT IS EFFECTIVE IN PREVENTING OR SLOWING DEVELOPMENT OF AMD-LIKE PATHOLOGIES, AND FINDINGS FROM THIS WORK WILL IDENTIFY NEW TREATMENTS TO PREVENT OR TREAT WET AMD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019114. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY RAUNAK SINHA, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019131) UNDERSTANDING THE FIRST STEP IN CENTRAL VISION: FROM GENES TO CELLULAR FUNCTION TO THERAPY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: OUR EVERYDAY VISUAL EXPERIENCE - INCLUDING YOUR ABILITY TO READ THIS TEXT - IS DOMINATED BY SIGNALING IN A SPECIALIZED REGION OF THE EYE CALLED THE FOVEA, WHICH CONSTITUTES AN EXQUISITE 'HIGH DEFINITION' ARRAY OF PHOTOSENSORS CALLED CONES THAT GIVES US HUMANS A 'HIGH DEFINITION' VISION. DISEASES THAT ATTACK THE FOVEA MAKES IT ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO CARRY OUT EVERYDAY TASKS SUCH AS READING, WRITING, DRIVING AND RECOGNIZING FACES. BY PROVIDING THE FIRST DETAILED INSIGHT INTO HOW THE SENSORS IN THE FOVEA WORK, WE CAN DEVISE TREATMENTS FOR EYE DISEASES THAT AFFECT THE FOVEA AND HENCE RESTORE EYE SIGHT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019131. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY JOELLE HALLAK, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019155) A NOVEL APPROACH TO PERSONALIZED PREDICTION OF PROGRESSION OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) CAUSES SEVERE VISION LOSS. DISTINGUISHING WHICH PATIENTS PROGRESS FROM AN EARLY OR INTERMEDIATE STAGE OF AMD TO THE ADVANCED STAGE WILL HELP GUIDE PATIENT FOLLOW-UP AND TESTING. IT WOULD ALSO LEAD TO THE EARLY ADMINISTRATION OF TREATMENTS. IN THIS PROPOSAL WE AIM TO DEVELOP A TOOL TO PREDICT THE CHANCES OF AMD PROGRESSION ON A PERSONALIZED, PATIENT-BY-PATIENT BASIS BY USING IMAGES OF THE RETINA, AND THE PATIENT'S GENETIC, HISTORICAL, DEMOGRAPHIC AND BEHAVIORAL DATA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019155. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY RAJU RAJALA, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019168) M2-ISOFORM OF PYRUVATE KINASE IS A BIOMARKER FOR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: RPE CELLS OF THE RETINA PROVIDE NOURISHMENT TO THE PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS FOR NORMAL VISUAL FUNCTIONS. RECENT STUDIES SHOW THAT IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION PATIENTS' RETINAS AND AGED MOUSE TISSUES, EXPRESSION OF TWO METABOLIC ENZYMES IS INCREASED IN THE RPE AND IS DECREASED IN THE PHOTORECEPTORS WHICH IS OPPOSITE TO THAT SEEN IN NORMAL RETINAS. THIS PROPOSAL AIMS TO STUDY THESE TWO ENZYME ALTERATIONS AND ALSO REPROGRAM THEIR EXPRESSION TO REDUCE THE AMD PHENOTYPE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019168.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ALEXANDER MARNEROS, MD, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019184) TARGETING INFLAMMATORY CASPASES AS A NOVEL APPROACH TO TREAT NEOVASCULAR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE "WET" FORM OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) RESULTS FROM A LOCALIZED INFLAMMATION IN THE BACK OF THE EYE THAT LEADS TO VISION LOSS DUE TO ABNORMAL BLOOD VESSEL FORMATION THAT IMPAIRS THE ABILITY TO SEE. FINDINGS FROM SEVERAL RESEARCH GROUPS AND OUR OWN HAVE IDENTIFIED A PARTICULAR PROTEIN COMPLEX, CALLED THE INFLAMMASOME, AS BEING A LIKELY CONTRIBUTOR TO THIS INFLAMMATION THAT PROMOTES THE MANIFESTATION OF "WET" AMD. WE HAVE ESTABLISHED A MOUSE MODEL OF THIS BLINDING EYE DISEASE AND COULD SHOW THAT INHIBITING THE INFLAMMASOME COULD STRONGLY SUPPRESS THE MANIFESTATION OF "WET" AMD. IN ORDER TO DEVELOP NOVEL PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENTS FOR PATIENTS WITH "WET" AMD, IT IS IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND WHICH PARTICULAR CELL TYPES IN THE EYE ARE ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT FOR MEDIATING THE EFFECTS OF THE INFLAMMASOME, SO THAT THESE SPECIFIC CELL TYPES COULD BE TARGETED SELECTIVELY WHILE REDUCING THERAPEUTIC SIDE EFFECTS IN OTHER CELL TYPES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019184. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY STEPHEN ALLER, PHD, ENTITLED: (M2019212) CRYO-EM OF ABCA4 AND CORRECTION IN MACULAR DEGENERATION DEFECTS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: A CRITICAL PART OF OUR VISUAL PROCESS IS THE RECYCLING OF A SPECIAL MOLECULE CALLED A CHROMATOPHORE AFTER EXPOSURE TO LIGHT BY A MOLECULAR PUMP THAT ALLOWS THE CELL TO REGENERATE THE ACTIVE FORM OF THE CHROMATOPHORE. SOME DISEASES OF THE EYE RESULT IN MISFOLDING AND MALFUNCTION OF THE PUMP, CALLED ABCA4, WHICH CAN EVENTUALLY LEAD TO BLINDNESS. WE PROPOSE TO DETERMINE THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE ACTIVE FORM OF ABCA4, AS WELL AS TO DEVELOP A DRUG SELECTION PROCESS TO DISCOVER NEW DRUGS THAT CAN CORRECT FOLDING DEFECTS OF THE ABCA4 PUMP. OUR WORK MAY LIKELY ALLOW NEW FDA-APPROVED TREATMENTS FOR VISUAL DISEASES SUCH AS MACULAR DEGENERATION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2019212. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: HELEN KELLER FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH & EDUCATION. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: 2019 HELEN KELLER PRIZE FOR VISION RESEARCH PARTNERSHIP. THE HELEN KELLER PRIZE FOR VISION RESEARCH RECOGNIZES SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN VISION RESEARCH, AND PROVIDES FUNDS FOR CONTINUANCE OF THOSE STUDIES.

Schedule R IRS990ScheduleR

Id Disregarded Entities IdDisregardedEntitiesGrp (2 entries)

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NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT LLC
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AMERICAN HEALTH ASSISTANCE LLC
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