BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION: Form 990, tax year 2016

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization: BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION (EIN 23-7337229)
Tax period: 2016-04-01 to 2017-03-31
Filed: 2017-07-27
IRS object ID: 201702089349300200
Schema version: 2016v3.0
Source: Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header
Form 990
Schedule A
Schedule B
Schedule C
Schedule D
Schedule F
Schedule G
Schedule I
Schedule J
Schedule M
Schedule O
Schedule R

Return header ReturnHeader

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return	2017-07-27T04:52:14-05:00	ReturnTs
Tax Period End	2017-03-31	TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN	521511275	PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	RAFFA PC	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	1899 L STREET NW SUITE 850	AddressLine1Txt
City	WASHINGTON	CityNm
State Abbreviation	DC	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20036	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return Type	990	ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin	2016-04-01	TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
EIN	237337229	EIN

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Control	BRIG	BusinessNameControlTxt
Phone	3019483244	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	AddressLine1Txt
City	CLARKSBURG	CityNm
State Abbreviation	MD	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20871	ZIPCd

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person	STACY PAGOS HALLER	PersonNm
Person Title	PRESIDENT/CEO	PersonTitleTxt
Phone	3019483244	PhoneNum
Signature	2017-07-27	SignatureDt
Discuss With Paid Preparer	Yes (1)	DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Person	FRANK H SMITH	PreparerPersonNm
PTIN	P00639053	PTIN
Phone	2028225000	PhoneNum
Preparation	2017-07-27	PreparationDt

Filing Security Information FilingSecurityInformation

IP Address IPAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
I Pv4 Address	207.238.152.33	IPv4AddressTxt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
IP	2017-07-27	IPDt
IP Tm	05:51:54	IPTm
IP Timezone	ED	IPTimezoneCd
Filing License Type	P	FilingLicenseTypeCd
At Submission Creation Device Id	0228DE6DA32BA1D19A7C031946960B6858E9D9D4	AtSubmissionCreationDeviceId
At Submission Filing Device Id	DAB48F1DB241BD34F7C51364F39BEF4B5B3312C9	AtSubmissionFilingDeviceId

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Tax	2016	TaxYr
Build TS	2021-01-29 14:40:06Z	BuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Principal Officer	STACY PAGOS HALLER	PrincipalOfficerNm

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	AddressLine1Txt
City	CLARKSBURG	CityNm
State Abbreviation	MD	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20871	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts	$42,116,479	GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For Affiliates	0	GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3	Yes (X)	Organization501c3Ind
Website Address	WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG	WebsiteAddressTxt
Type Of Organization Corp	Yes (X)	TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Formation	1973	FormationYr
Legal Domicile State	DC	LegalDomicileStateCd
Activity Or Mission	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION SEEKS TO SAVE MIND AND SIGHT.	ActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body	12	VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent	12	VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee	58	TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Volunteers	52	TotalVolunteersCnt
Total Gross UBI	$0	TotalGrossUBIAmt
Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm	$0	NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt
PY Contributions Grants	$29,220,730	PYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Contributions Grants	$30,692,507	CYContributionsGrantsAmt
PY Program Service Revenue	$0	PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
CY Program Service Revenue	$0	CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
PY Investment Income	$2,657,809	PYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Investment Income	$1,443,912	CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
PY Other Revenue	$815,105	PYOtherRevenueAmt
CY Other Revenue	$563,670	CYOtherRevenueAmt
PY Total Revenue	$32,693,644	PYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue	$32,700,089	CYTotalRevenueAmt
PY Grants And Similar Paid	$11,877,335	PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid	$13,366,099	CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
PY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$4,715,881	PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$4,668,167	CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$406,673	PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$525,378	CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense	$6,314,646	CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
PY Other Expenses	$14,479,964	PYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Other Expenses	$15,081,756	CYOtherExpensesAmt
PY Total Expenses	$31,479,853	PYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses	$33,641,400	CYTotalExpensesAmt
PY Revenues Less Expenses	$1,213,791	PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses	-$941,311	CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY	$53,275,672	TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY	$50,937,791	TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY	$22,415,391	TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY	$19,242,456	TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY	$30,860,281	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY	$31,695,335	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
Info In Schedule O Part III	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartIIIInd
Mission	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION (BRIGHTFOCUS) DRIVES INNOVATIVE RESEARCH WORLDWIDE AND PROMOTES AWARENESS OF ALZHEIMER'S, MACULAR DEGENERATIONS AND GLAUCOMA. PLEASE REFER TO SCHEDULE O FOR A COMPLETE OVERVIEW OF OUR MISSION.	MissionDesc
Significant New Program Srvc	0	SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant Change	0	SignificantChangeInd
Expense	$15,799,998	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$8,477,578	GrantAmt
Desc	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH (ADR) - BRIGHTFOCUS' ADR PROGRAM FUNDS RESEARCH FOCUSED ON UNDERSTANDING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE'S CAUSES, ITS EARLY DETECTION, AND TREATMENTS TO HELP SLOW OR STOP ITS PROGRESSION, AND ULTIMATELY TO PREVENT THE DISEASE ALTOGETHER. ADR ANNUALLY AWARDS PEER-REVIEWED GRANTS TO SCIENTISTS FROM INSTITUTIONS WORLDWIDE WHO ARE CONDUCTING BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. SINCE INCEPTION, BRIGHTFOCUS HAS CONTRIBUTED MORE THAN $108 MILLION TO THE CONQUERING OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2017, ADR FUNDED 32 NEW PROJECTS, TOTALING $7,035,313, AND AWARDED $ 1,352,265 IN FIVE SPECIAL PROJECTS THAT FOCUS ON DRUG DEVELOPMENT, SCIENTIFIC EXCHANGE, AND BETTER USE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES, INCLUDING MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES AND BIG DATA, TO INCREASE THE SPEED OF CLINICAL TRIALS AND RESEARCH PROGRESS. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT SPECIFIC PROJECTS IS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULES F & I. BRIGHTFOCUS IS HONORED TO HAVE SUPPORTED THE EARLY RESEARCH OF TWO EVENTUAL NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS: DR. STANLEY PRUSINER AND DR. PAUL GREENGARD, WHOSE WORK HAS BEEN INSTRUMENTAL TO OUR CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. BRIGHTFOCUS CONTINUES ITS PARTNERSHIP WITH THE ACADEMIC JOURNAL "MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION" AS THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION. THE JOURNAL PUBLISHES TECHNICAL PAPERS RELATED TO NEURODEGENERATION IN THE THREE DISEASE AREAS. AS AN "OPEN ACCESS" JOURNAL, THERE IS NO FEE FOR READERS, AND ALL CONTENT IS FREE OF CHARGE AND EASY TO ACCESS. THIS OPEN ACCESS ENSURES MAXIMAL REACH OF JOURNAL CONTENTS TO SCIENTISTS AND CARE PROVIDERS WORLDWIDE. MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION IS CURRENTLY THE HIGHEST IMPACT OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL IN THE NEUROSCIENCES.IN ADDITION TO SUPPORTING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH PROVIDES EXCELLENT RESOURCES ON DETECTING, TREATING, AND LIVING WITH THE DISEASE. THESE ARE AVAILABLE IN BOTH PRINT AS WELL AS ON OUR WEBSITE, WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG. ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IS THE ONLY CAUSE OF DEATH AMONG THE TOP 10 IN AMERICA WITHOUT A WAY TO PREVENT, CURE, OR EVEN SLOW ITS PROGRESSION. IT IS AN IRREVERSIBLE DEGENERATION OF THE BRAIN THAT CAUSES DISRUPTIONS IN MEMORY, COGNITION, PERSONALITY, AND OTHER FUNCTIONS AND INEVITABLY LEADS TO DEATH. MORE THAN 5 MILLION AMERICANS AGED 65 AND OLDER ARE THOUGHT TO HAVE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE TODAY, AND THAT NUMBER IS EXPECTED TO TRIPLE BY MIDCENTURY.	Desc

Prog Srvc Accom Acty2 ProgSrvcAccomActy2Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Expense	$5,508,336	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$2,638,521	GrantAmt
Desc	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH (MDR)- A PROGRAM OF BRIGHTFOCUS, HAS AWARDED MORE THAN $24 MILLION TO SCIENTISTS STUDYING THE DISEASE. THE LATEST RESEARCH IS FOCUSED ON NOVEL TREATMENTS FOR THE DISEASE, UNDERSTANDING ITS CAUSES AND PROGRESSION, DRUG THERAPIES, AND NEW SCREENING TECHNIQUES.DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 2017, MDR AWARDED $2,558,521 IN PEER-REVIEWED GRANT AWARDS TO 16 NEW RESEARCH PROJECTS. DETAILS ABOUT SPECIFIC PROJECTS ARE INCLUDED IN SCHEDULES F & I.IN ADDITION TO SUPPORTING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH, MDR PROVIDES EXCELLENT RESOURCES ON DETECTING, TREATING, AND LIVING WITH THIS DISEASE. THESE ARE AVAILABLE IN BOTH PRINT AS WELL AS ON OUR WEBSITE, WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG. AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION IS A LEADING CAUSE OF VISION LOSS IN THE UNITED STATES. IT DESTROYS THE MACULA, THE PART OF THE EYE THAT PROVIDES SHARP, CENTRAL VISION NEEDED FOR SEEING OBJECTS CLEARLY. THE MOST COMMON EYE CONDITION IN PEOPLE AGE 60 AND OLDER, IT CAN LEAD TO VISION LOSS IN ONE OR BOTH EYES, MAKING IT DIFFICULT TO RECOGNIZE FACES, DRIVE A CAR, OR READ.	Desc

Prog Srvc Accom Acty3 ProgSrvcAccomActy3Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Expense	$2,860,341	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$2,250,000	GrantAmt
Desc	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH (NGR)- BRIGHTFOCUS' NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH (NGR) PROGRAM HAS AWARDED MORE THAN $30 MILLION WORLDWIDE FOR THE STUDY OF GLAUCOMA. NGR-SUPPORTED RESEARCH HAS BEEN FOCUSED ON THE EYE-BRAIN CONNECTION, THE MECHANISMS FOR PRESSURE BUILDUP IN THE EYE, PREVENTING DAMAGE TO THE OPTIC NERVE, AND UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE GENES PLAY IN ORDER TO DEVELOP EARLY GLAUCOMA SCREENING AND TARGETED TREATMENTS. NGR GRANTS ARE AVAILABLE TO GLAUCOMA RESEARCHERS WORLDWIDE. NGR PLACES SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ENCOURAGING APPLICATIONS FROM YOUNG SCIENTISTS AND THOSE WITH CUTTING-EDGE IDEAS. ANNUAL GRANT APPLICATIONS ARE PEER-REVIEWED, AND RECIPIENT SELECTIONS ARE BASED ON SCIENTIFIC MERIT. DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 2017, NGR AWARDED $2,250,000 FOR 15 NEW PROJECTS. DETAILS ABOUT SPECIFIC PROJECTS ARE INCLUDED IN SCHEDULES F & I.IN ADDITION TO SUPPORTING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH, NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH PROVIDES EXCELLENT RESOURCES ON DETECTING, TREATING, AND LIVING WITH THE DISEASE. THESE ARE AVAILABLE IN BOTH PRINT AS WELL AS ON OUR WEBSITE, WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG. GLAUCOMA IS A GROUP OF DISEASES THAT DAMAGE THE EYE'S OPTIC NERVE AND CAN RESULT IN VISION LOSS AND PERMANENT BLINDNESS. MORE THAN 3 MILLION AMERICANS AGE 40 AND OLDER HAVE GLAUCOMA. MORE THAN 60 MILLION PEOPLE IN THE WORLD HAVE THE DISEASE, AND THAT NUMBER IS EXPECTED TO INCREASE BY AS MUCH AS 20 MILLION BY 2020. WITH EARLY DETECTION AND TREATMENT, GLAUCOMA OFTEN CAN BE MANAGED TO PROTECT EYES FROM MORE SERIOUS VISION LOSS, BUT IT IS ESTIMATED THAT ONLY HALF OF THE PEOPLE LIVING WITH GLAUCOMA ARE AWARE THAT THEY HAVE THE DISEASE.	Desc

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Program Service Expenses	$24,168,675	TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3	Yes (1)	DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign Acty	0	PoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying Activities	Yes (1)	LobbyingActivitiesInd
Subject To Proxy Tax	0	SubjectToProxyTaxInd
Donor Advised Fund	0	DonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation Easements	0	ConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of Art	0	CollectionsOfArtInd
Credit Counseling	0	CreditCounselingInd
Temp Or Permanent Endowments	Yes (1)	TempOrPermanentEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building Equipment	Yes (1)	ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other Sec	Yes (1)	ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related Invst	0	ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other Assets	0	ReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other Liabilities	Yes (1)	ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 Footnote	Yes (1)	IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl Stmt	0	IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt	Yes (1)	ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School Operating	0	SchoolOperatingInd
Foreign Office	0	ForeignOfficeInd
Foreign Activities	Yes (1)	ForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To Org	Yes (1)	MoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To Individuals	0	MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional Fundraising	Yes (1)	ProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising Activities	Yes (1)	FundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming Activities	0	GamingActivitiesInd
Operate Hospital	0	OperateHospitalInd
Grants To Organizations	Yes (1)	GrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To Individuals	0	GrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt Bonds	0	TaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans	0	EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit Trans	0	PYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan Outstanding	0	LoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related Person	0	GrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org Mem	0	BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam Mem	0	BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With Officer Ent	0	BusinessRlnWithOfficerEntInd
Deductible Non Cash Contri	Yes (1)	DeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art Contribution	0	DeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate Operations	0	TerminateOperationsInd
Partial Liquidation	0	PartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded Entity	Yes (1)	DisregardedEntityInd
Related Entity	0	RelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl Ent	0	RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org	0	TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted Prtshp	0	ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleORequiredInd
IRP Document	189	IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G	0	IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Backup Wthld Compliance	Yes (1)	BackupWthldComplianceInd
Employee	58	EmployeeCnt
Employment Tax Returns Filed	Yes (1)	EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd
Unrelated Bus Incm Over Limit	0	UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Foreign Financial Account	0	ForeignFinancialAccountInd
Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans	0	ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party Notification	0	TaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible Contributions	0	NondeductibleContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contributions	Yes (1)	QuidProQuoContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contri Discl	Yes (1)	QuidProQuoContriDisclInd
Form8282 Property Disposed Of	0	Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd
Rcv Fnds To Pay Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	0	RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Pay Premiums Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	0	PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Indoor Tanning Services	0	IndoorTanningServicesInd
Info In Schedule O Part VI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd
Governing Body Voting Members	12	GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member	12	IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business Rln	0	FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt Duties	0	DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org Documents	0	ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or Misuse	0	MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or Stockholders	0	MembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board Members	0	ElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To Approva	0	DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing Body	Yes (1)	MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of Committees	Yes (1)	MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing Address	0	OfficerMailingAddressInd
Local Chapters	0	LocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn Body	Yes (1)	Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest Policy	Yes (1)	ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Annual Disclosure Covered Prsn	Yes (1)	AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd
Regular Monitoring Enfrc	Yes (1)	RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd
Whistleblower Policy	Yes (1)	WhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention Policy	Yes (1)	DocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEO	Yes (1)	CompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process Other	Yes (1)	CompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint Venture	0	InvestmentInJointVentureInd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AK	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AR	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AZ	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	CA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	CT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	FL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	GA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	HI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	IL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	KS	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	KY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	ME	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MD	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MS	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NH	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NJ	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NM	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	ND	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OH	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OK	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OR	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	PA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	RI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	SC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	TN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	UT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	VA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WV	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MO	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
Own Website	Yes (X)	OwnWebsiteInd
Other Website	Yes (X)	OtherWebsiteInd
Upon Request	Yes (X)	UponRequestInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	DAVID F MARKS CPA CMA	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Phone	3019483244	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	AddressLine1Txt
City	CLARKSBURG	CityNm
State Abbreviation	MD	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	20871	ZIPCd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (18 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Average Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRt	Individual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd	OfficerOfficerInd	Reportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmt	Reportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt	Other CompensationOtherCompensationAmt	Key EmployeeKeyEmployeeInd	Highest Compensated EmployeeHighestCompensatedEmployeeInd
SCOTT RODGVILLE CPA
CHAIR	6.00	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
DIANE I MARCELLO
VICE CHAIR	3.00	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
NICHOLAS W RAYMOND
TREASURER	20.00	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
JUDITH F LEE
SECRETARY	4.00	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
MICHAEL H BARNETT ESQ
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
MADDY DYCHTWALD
DIRECTOR	2.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
GRACE FRISONE
DIRECTOR	6.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
JUNE KINOSHITA
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
HENRY J POWNALL PHD
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
BRIAN K REGAN PHD
DIRECTOR	4.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
ELTJO ED R SCHOONVELD
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
ETHAN TREESE
DIRECTOR	3.00	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
STACY PAGOS HALLER
PRESIDENT/CEO	55.00		Yes (X)	$385,745	$0	$77,936
R BRIAN ELDERTON
SR. VP, DEVELOPMENT	45.00			$218,044	$0	$29,228	Yes (X)
DAVID F MARKS CPA CMA
VP, FINANCE & ADMINISTRATION	45.00			$150,502	$0	$62,020	Yes (X)
MICHAEL BUCKLEY
VP, PUBLIC AFFAIRS	45.00			$140,004	$0	$43,163		Yes (X)
DIANE BOVENKAMP PHD
VP, SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS	45.00			$117,633	$0	$20,488		Yes (X)
NANCY LYNN
SR. VP STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS	45.00			$107,540	$0	$11,535		Yes (X)

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Reportable Comp From Org	$1,119,468	TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt
Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org	$0	TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt
Total Other Compensation	$244,370	TotalOtherCompensationAmt
Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K	6	IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Former Ofcr Employees Listed	0	FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 K	Yes (1)	TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other Srcs	0	CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd

Contractor Compensation ContractorCompensationGrp (5 entries)

Address Line1ContractorAddress/USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityContractorAddress/USAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationContractorAddress/USAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPContractorAddress/USAddress/ZIPCd	ServicesServicesDesc	CompensationCompensationAmt
ROBBINS KERSTEN DIRECT
201 SUMMER STREET	HOLLISTON	MA	01746	PUBLIC AWARENESS CONSUL. & MATERIALS	$6,427,591
DATA MANAGEMENT INC
160 STONE STREET	STONEVILLE	NC	27048	DATABASE MANAGEMENT	$213,781
BEACONFIRE REDENGINE
2300 CLARENDON BLVD SUITE 925	ARLINGTON	VA	22201	PUBLIC AWARENESS CONSULTING	$200,798
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS INC
2977 STEWART LOOP UNIT B	FORT MEADE	MD	20755	BUILDING & OFFICE SERVICES	$158,868
ECHO & COMPANY
ONE DAVIS SQUARE SUITE 302	SOMERVILLE	MA	02144	WEBSITE DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT	$157,725

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K	9	CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Federated Campaigns	$195,025	FederatedCampaignsAmt
Fundraising	$129,374	FundraisingAmt
All Other Contributions	$30,368,108	AllOtherContributionsAmt
Noncash Contributions	$118,415	NoncashContributionsAmt
Total Contributions	$30,692,507	TotalContributionsAmt

Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$734,910	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$734,910	ExclusionAmt

Royalties Revenue RoyaltiesRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$298,868	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$298,868	ExclusionAmt

Gross Rents GrossRentsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Real	$588,897	RealAmt

Less Rental Expenses LessRentalExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Real	$63,927	RealAmt

Rental Income Or Loss RentalIncomeOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Real	$524,970	RealAmt

Net Rental Income Or Loss NetRentalIncomeOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$524,970	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$524,970	ExclusionAmt

Gross Amount Sales Assets GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$9,776,297	SecuritiesAmt

Less Cost Oth Basis Sales Expnss LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$9,067,295	SecuritiesAmt

Gain Or Loss GainOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$709,002	SecuritiesAmt

Net Gain Or Loss Investments NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$709,002	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$709,002	ExclusionAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Fundraising Gross Income	$25,000	FundraisingGrossIncomeAmt
Contri Rpt Fundraising Event	$129,374	ContriRptFundraisingEventAmt
Fundraising Direct Expenses	$285,168	FundraisingDirectExpensesAmt

Net Incm From Fundraising Evt NetIncmFromFundraisingEvtGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	-$260,168	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	-$260,168	ExclusionAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$32,700,089	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$2,007,582	ExclusionAmt

Grants To Domestic Orgs GrantsToDomesticOrgsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$12,262,925	TotalAmt
Program Services	$12,262,925	ProgramServicesAmt

Foreign Grants ForeignGrantsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,103,174	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,103,174	ProgramServicesAmt

Comp Current Ofcr Directors CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$925,402	TotalAmt
Program Services	$428,253	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$279,864	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$217,285	FundraisingAmt

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$2,699,782	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,500,682	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$811,950	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$387,150	FundraisingAmt

Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributionsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$304,023	TotalAmt
Program Services	$168,992	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$91,434	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$43,597	FundraisingAmt

Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefitsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$503,752	TotalAmt
Program Services	$280,012	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$151,502	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$72,238	FundraisingAmt

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$235,208	TotalAmt
Program Services	$130,741	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$70,738	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$33,729	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$99,168	TotalAmt
Program Services	$47,530	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$51,638	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$89,656	TotalAmt
Program Services	$35,153	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$20,995	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$33,508	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Prof Fundraising FeesForServicesProfFundraising

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$525,378	TotalAmt
Fundraising	$525,378	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Srvc Invst Mgmnt Fees FeesForSrvcInvstMgmntFeesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$239,707	TotalAmt
Management And General	$239,707	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOtherGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,307,090	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,143,815	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$95,960	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$67,315	FundraisingAmt

Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,476,526	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,161,244	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$188,305	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$126,977	FundraisingAmt

Information Technology InformationTechnologyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$632,721	TotalAmt
Program Services	$417,439	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$143,235	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$72,047	FundraisingAmt

Occupancy OccupancyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$357,889	TotalAmt
Program Services	$202,004	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$114,550	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$41,335	FundraisingAmt

Travel TravelGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$253,907	TotalAmt
Program Services	$168,301	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$58,161	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$27,445	FundraisingAmt

Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$224,045	TotalAmt
Program Services	$204,363	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$13,372	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$6,310	FundraisingAmt

Interest InterestGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$10,930	TotalAmt
Program Services	$6,170	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$3,498	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$1,262	FundraisingAmt

Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletionGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$474,797	TotalAmt
Program Services	$262,927	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$145,199	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$66,671	FundraisingAmt

Insurance InsuranceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$100,813	TotalAmt
Program Services	$33,029	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$59,369	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$8,415	FundraisingAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)

DescDesc	TotalTotalAmt	Program ServicesProgramServicesAmt	Management And GeneralManagementAndGeneralAmt	FundraisingFundraisingAmt
PUB. AWARENESS POSTAGE	$5,042,834	$2,545,804	$307,498	$2,189,532
PUB. AWARENESS PRINTING	$2,263,545	$769,037	$178,442	$1,316,066
PUB. AWARENESS COMP.	$1,383,116	$712,510	$76,312	$594,294
LIST RENTAL	$1,125,012	$584,570	$56,350	$484,092

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$33,641,400	TotalAmt
Program Services	$24,168,675	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$3,158,079	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$6,314,646	FundraisingAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Joint Costs	Yes (X)	JointCostsInd

Total Joint Costs TotalJointCostsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$10,725,955	TotalAmt
Program Services	$5,082,122	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$668,410	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$4,975,423	FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$4,349,774	BOYAmt
EOY	$1,594,850	EOYAmt

Savings And Temp Cash Invst SavingsAndTempCashInvstGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$388,253	BOYAmt
EOY	$326,842	EOYAmt

Pledges And Grants Receivable PledgesAndGrantsReceivableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$6,021,549	BOYAmt
EOY	$5,847,688	EOYAmt

Inventories For Sale Or Use InventoriesForSaleOrUseGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$42,352	BOYAmt
EOY	$39,584	EOYAmt

Prepaid Expenses Defrd Charges PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$194,907	BOYAmt
EOY	$321,683	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss	$11,842,839	LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt
Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec	$3,443,962	LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt

Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$8,620,756	BOYAmt
EOY	$8,398,877	EOYAmt

Investments Pub Traded Sec InvestmentsPubTradedSecGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$28,709,258	BOYAmt
EOY	$29,268,444	EOYAmt

Investments Other Securities InvestmentsOtherSecuritiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$4,370,670	BOYAmt
EOY	$4,593,490	EOYAmt

Other Assets Total OtherAssetsTotalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$578,153	BOYAmt
EOY	$546,333	EOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$53,275,672	BOYAmt
EOY	$50,937,791	EOYAmt

Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$730,979	BOYAmt
EOY	$272,073	EOYAmt

Grants Payable GrantsPayableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$20,172,854	BOYAmt
EOY	$17,420,470	EOYAmt

Other Liabilities OtherLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$1,511,558	BOYAmt
EOY	$1,549,913	EOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$22,415,391	BOYAmt
EOY	$19,242,456	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Organization Follows SFAS117	Yes (X)	OrganizationFollowsSFAS117Ind

Unrestricted Net Assets UnrestrictedNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$17,645,372	BOYAmt
EOY	$18,011,943	EOYAmt

Temporarily Rstr Net Assets TemporarilyRstrNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$13,124,909	BOYAmt
EOY	$13,593,392	EOYAmt

Permanently Rstr Net Assets PermanentlyRstrNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$90,000	BOYAmt
EOY	$90,000	EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$30,860,281	BOYAmt
EOY	$31,695,335	EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$53,275,672	BOYAmt
EOY	$50,937,791	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Info In Schedule O Part XI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartXIInd
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss	-$941,311	ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Net Unrlzd Gains Losses Invst	$1,678,977	NetUnrlzdGainsLossesInvstAmt
Other Changes In Net Assets	$97,388	OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt
Method Of Accounting Accrual	Yes (X)	MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd
Accountant Compile Or Review	0	AccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS Audited	Yes (1)	FSAuditedInd

FS Audited Basis FSAuditedBasisGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Consolidated Basis Fincl Stmt	Yes (X)	ConsolidatedBasisFinclStmtInd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Audit Committee	Yes (1)	AuditCommitteeInd
Federal Grant Audit Required	0	FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Public Organization170	Yes (X)	PublicOrganization170Ind

Gifts Grants Contri Rcvd170 GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$23,534,029	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$25,126,233	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$27,946,621	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$29,220,730	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$30,692,507	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$136,520,120	TotalAmt

Total Calendar Year170 TotalCalendarYear170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$23,534,029	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$25,126,233	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$27,946,621	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$29,220,730	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$30,692,507	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$136,520,120	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Public Support Total170	$136,520,120	PublicSupportTotal170Amt

Gross Investment Income170 GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$1,323,906	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$1,539,583	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$1,633,842	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$1,578,975	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$1,622,675	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$7,698,981	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Support	$144,219,101	TotalSupportAmt
Gross Receipts Rltd Activities	$37,466	GrossReceiptsRltdActivitiesAmt
Public Support CY170	0.94660	PublicSupportCY170Pct
Public Support PY170	0.94540	PublicSupportPY170Pct
Thirty Thr Pct Suprt Tests CY170	Yes (X)	ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY170Ind

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Contributor	RESTRICTED	ContributorNum

Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	RESTRICTED	BusinessNameLine1

Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	RESTRICTED	AddressLine1
Address Line2	RESTRICTED	AddressLine2
City	RESTRICTED	City
State	RESTRICTED	State
ZIP Code	RESTRICTED	ZIPCode

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Contributions	RESTRICTED	TotalContributionsAmt

Schedule C IRS990ScheduleC

Total Grassroots Lobbying TotalGrassrootsLobbyingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Total Direct Lobbying TotalDirectLobbyingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Total Lobbying Expend TotalLobbyingExpendGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Other Exempt Purpose Expend OtherExemptPurposeExpendGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$33,116,022	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Total Exempt Purpose Expend TotalExemptPurposeExpendGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$33,116,022	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Lobbying Nontaxable Amount LobbyingNontaxableAmountGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$1,000,000	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Grassroots Nontaxable GrassrootsNontaxableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$250,000	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Tot Lbbyng Grassroot Mns Non Tx TotLbbyngGrassrootMnsNonTxGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Tot Lbby Expend Mns Lbbyng Non Tx TotLbbyExpendMnsLbbyngNonTxGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Total	$0	FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt

Avg Lobbying Nontaxable Amount AvgLobbyingNontaxableAmountGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Year Minus3	$1,000,000	CurrentYearMinus3Amt
Current Year Minus2	$1,000,000	CurrentYearMinus2Amt
Current Year Minus1	$1,000,000	CurrentYearMinus1Amt
Current Year	$1,000,000	CurrentYearAmt
Total	$4,000,000	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Lobbying Ceiling	$6,000,000	LobbyingCeilingAmt

Avg Grassroots Nontaxable AvgGrassrootsNontaxableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Year Minus3	$250,000	CurrentYearMinus3Amt
Current Year Minus2	$250,000	CurrentYearMinus2Amt
Current Year Minus1	$250,000	CurrentYearMinus1Amt
Current Year	$250,000	CurrentYearAmt
Total	$1,000,000	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grassroots Ceiling	$1,500,000	GrassrootsCeilingAmt

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

CY Endwmt Fund CYEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$90,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$4,332	ContributionsAmt
Other Expenditures	$4,332	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$90,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus1 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus1YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$90,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$4,344	ContributionsAmt
Other Expenditures	$4,344	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$90,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus2 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus2YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$90,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$4,257	ContributionsAmt
Other Expenditures	$4,257	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$90,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus3 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus3YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$90,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$3,933	ContributionsAmt
Other Expenditures	$3,933	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$90,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus4 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus4YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$90,000	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$2,316	ContributionsAmt
Other Expenditures	$2,316	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$90,000	EndYearBalanceAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Prmnnt Endowment Balance EOY	1.00000	PrmnntEndowmentBalanceEOYPct
Endowments Held Unrelated Org	Yes (1)	EndowmentsHeldUnrelatedOrgInd
Endowments Held Related Org	0	EndowmentsHeldRelatedOrgInd

Land LandGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Investment Cost Or Other Basis	$2,800,000	InvestmentCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$1,147,363	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Book Value	$3,947,363	BookValueAmt

Buildings BuildingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Investment Cost Or Other Basis	$1,629,400	InvestmentCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$4,965,191	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$2,693,301	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$3,901,290	BookValueAmt

Equipment EquipmentGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$1,116,916	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$580,131	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$536,785	BookValueAmt

Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$183,969	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$170,530	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$13,439	BookValueAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Land Buildings	$8,398,877	TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt

Other Securities OtherSecuritiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Desc	ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS - HEDGE FUND	Desc
Book Value	$4,593,490	BookValueAmt
Method Valuation	F	MethodValuationCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Securities	$4,593,490	TotalBookValueSecuritiesAmt

Other Liabilities Org OtherLiabilitiesOrgGrp (3 entries)

DescDesc	AmtAmt
CHARITABLE GIFT ANNUITIES	$1,276,617
RENTAL DEPOSITS	$80,000
CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS	$193,296

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Liability	$1,549,913	TotalLiabilityAmt
Footnote Text	Yes (X)	FootnoteTextInd
Total Rev Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$50,038,322	TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Net Unrealized Gains Invst	$1,678,977	NetUnrealizedGainsInvstAmt
Donated Services And Use Fclts	$15,795,314	DonatedServicesAndUseFcltsAmt
Recoveries Prior Year Grants	$37,128	RecoveriesPriorYearGrantsAmt
Other Revenue	$24,742	OtherRevenueAmt
Revenue Not Reported	$17,536,161	RevenueNotReportedAmt
Revenue Subtotal	$32,502,161	RevenueSubtotalAmt
Investment Expenses Not Incld	$239,707	InvestmentExpensesNotIncldAmt
Other Revenues Not Included	-$41,779	OtherRevenuesNotIncludedAmt
Revenue Not Reported Fincl Stmt	$197,928	RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt
Total Revenue Per Form990	$32,700,089	TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt
Tot Expns Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$49,203,268	TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Donated Services Use Fclts	$15,795,314	DonatedServicesUseFcltsAmt
Other Expenses Included	$24,742	OtherExpensesIncludedAmt
Expenses Not Reported	$15,820,056	ExpensesNotReportedAmt
Expenses Subtotal	$33,383,212	ExpensesSubtotalAmt
Investment Expenses Not Incld2	$239,707	InvestmentExpensesNotIncld2Amt
Other Expenses Not Included	$18,481	OtherExpensesNotIncludedAmt
Expenses Not Rpt Fincl Stmt	$258,188	ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt
Total Expenses Per Form990	$33,641,400	TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (6 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
PART V, LINE 4:	THE EARNINGS ON THIS ENDOWMENT ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH PROGRAM, ARE RECORDED AS TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED INVESTMENT INCOME, AND ARE RELEASED AS SPENT.
PART X, LINE 2:	BRIGHTFOCUS PERFORMED AN EVALUATION OF UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2017, AND DETERMINED THAT THERE WERE NO MATTERS THAT WOULD REQUIRE RECOGNITION IN THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OR THAT MAY HAVE ANY EFFECT ON ITS TAX-EXEMPT STATUS.
PART XI, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	SPECIAL EVENT EXPENSE 24,742.
PART XI, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	DEPRECIATION ON RENTAL PROPERTY -41,779.
PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	SPECIAL EVENT EXPENSE 24,742.
PART XII, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS:	DEPRECIATION ON RENTAL PROPERTY -41,779. CHANGE IN PRESENT VALUE OF GRANTS 60,260.

Schedule F IRS990ScheduleF

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grant Records Maintained	Yes (1)	GrantRecordsMaintainedInd

Account Activities Outside US AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp (2 entries)

RegionRegionTxt	OfficesOfficesCnt	EmployeeEmployeeCnt	Type Of Activities ConductedTypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt	Region Total ExpendituresRegionTotalExpendituresAmt
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	0	0	GRANTMAKING	$495,088
NORTH AMERICA	0	0	GRANTMAKING	$608,086

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Subtotal Offices	0	SubtotalOfficesCnt
Subtotal Employees	0	SubtotalEmployeesCnt
Continutation Total Office	0	ContinutationTotalOfficeCnt
Continutation Total Employee	0	ContinutationTotalEmployeeCnt
Total Office	0	TotalOfficeCnt
Total Employee	0	TotalEmployeeCnt
Subtotal Spent	$1,103,174	SubtotalSpentAmt
Continuation Spent	$0	ContinuationSpentAmt
Total Spent	$1,103,174	TotalSpentAmt

Grants To Org Outside US GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp (6 entries)

RegionRegionTxt	Purpose Of GrantPurposeOfGrantTxt	Cash GrantCashGrantAmt	Manner Of Cash DisbursementMannerOfCashDisbursementTxt
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RES BY MAR HERNANDEZ GUILLAMON, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017243S)	$300,000	WIRE
NORTH AMERICA	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY RANDY MCINTOSH, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017286S)	$299,565	WIRE
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DANIEL BOS, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017424F)	$98,823	WIRE
EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND)	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH CONFERENCE SUPPORT	$96,265	WIRE
NORTH AMERICA	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MARTIN STEINBACH, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017093)	$150,000	WIRE
NORTH AMERICA	MACULAR DEGENERATION DISEASE RESEARCH BY SARAH MCFARLANE, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017002)	$158,521	WIRE

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total501c3 Org	6	Total501c3OrgCnt
Total Other Org	0	TotalOtherOrgCnt
Transfer To Foreign Corp	0	TransferToForeignCorpInd
Interest In Foreign Trust	0	InterestInForeignTrustInd
Foreign Corp Ownership	Yes (1)	ForeignCorpOwnershipInd
Passive Foreign Investmest Co	0	PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd
Foreign Partnership	0	ForeignPartnershipInd
Boycott Countries	0	BoycottCountriesInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (2 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc

ExplanationExplanationTxt

PART I, LINE 2:

BRIGHTFOCUS INTERACTS WITH ALL GRANTEES AT LEAST QUARTERLY BY E-MAIL OR AT SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS. IN ADDITION TO THESE INTERACTIONS, EACH GRANT RECIPIENT IS REQUIRED TO SUBMIT SEPARATE DETAILED ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND FINANCIAL REPORTS TO BRIGHTFOCUS. THESE ARE RECEIVED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT, AND REVIEWED BY SCIENTIFIC STAFF WITH BROAD EXPERTISE IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, CELL BIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, IMAGING AND GENETICS. SENIOR STAFF REVIEWS EACH PROGRESS REPORT AND EVALUATES THE PROJECT FOR SUFFICIENT PROGRESS TOWARDS THE SPECIFIC AIMS PROPOSED IN THE ORIGINAL APPLICATION OR ANY BUDGETARY CONCERNS. THIS EFFORT IS SUPPORTED BY ADDITIONAL SCIENTIFIC COUNSEL FROM MEMBERS OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC REVIEW COMMITTEES, WHEN REQUIRED. IN ADDITION TO STATEMENTS OF EXPERIMENTAL PROGRESS, ALL GRANTEES ARE ASKED TO REPORT ANY TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS, MEDIA REPORTS, OR PATENT APPLICATIONS IN WHICH BRIGHTFOCUS-SPONSORED RESEARCH IS DESCRIBED. IF SIGNIFICANT CONCERNS RELATED TO PROGRESS ON THE AWARDS ARE DISCOVERED, AND NOT RESOLVED AFTER INTERACTION WITH THE AWARD GRANTEE, THE BRIGHTFOCUS STAFF RECOMMENDS APPROPRIATE ACTIONS TO THE CHAIR OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE GRANT AGREEMENT TERMS AND CONDITIONS, BRIGHTFOCUS MAY WITHHOLD FUNDING, OR DISCONTINUE AN AWARD, FOR ANY GRANTEE THAT FAILS TO ACHIEVE SUFFICIENT PROGRESS OR SUBMIT REQUIRED REPORTS. AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE GRANT AWARD PERIOD, EACH GRANTEE MUST COMPLETE AND SUBMIT A FINAL REPORT THAT IS ALSO REVIEWED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SENIOR SCIENTIFIC STAFF. EVALUATION OF THE WORK OF EACH GRANTEE IS QUALITATIVELY AND QUANTITATIVELY ASSESSED THROUGH VARIOUS METRICS RELATED TO THE IMPACT OF THE GRANT ON ITS TARGETED DISEASE FIELD. SUCH IMPACT METRICS HAVE REVEALED THAT 95% OF BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED RESEARCH RESULTS IN RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS THAT ADVANCE THE FIELDS SERVED BY BRIGHTFOCUS. THIS IMPACT IS FURTHER SUPPORTED BY ANNUAL CITATION ANALYSIS THAT COMPARES BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED WORKS TO A STATISTICAL SAMPLE OF WORKS SUPPORTED BY EITHER THE US FEDERAL GVERNMENT OR THAT OF OTHER FUNDING AGENCIES. BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED PUBLICATIONS ARE CONSISTENTLY CITED AT NEARLY TWICE THE FREQUENCY OF ANY OTHER COMPARISON GROUP. A FINAL EXAMPLE OF IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVEALED THAT THE SUCCESSES OF BRIGHTFOCUS GRANTEES CONTINUE LONG AFTER THE GRANT EXPIRES. ON AVERAGE, EACH GRANTEE RECEIVES 2.2 ADDITIONAL GRANTS FOR PROJECTS SPAWNED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS GRANT. THESE COME AT VALUES NEARLY 10 TIMES THE LEVEL OF THE INITIAL BRIGHTFOCUS INVESTMENT. BRIGHTFOCUS SOLICITS FEEDBACK FROM ITS GRANTEES, AND PROVIDES AN ANONYMOUS FORUM FOR COLLECTING SUCH INFORMATION. THROUGHOUT OUR WEBSITE AND WITHIN THE FINAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS REPORT, THERE ARE DESIGNATED SECTIONS WHERE AWARDEES ARE ASKED TO PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO THE FOUNDATION. THROUGH THIS MECHANISM, THEY ARE GIVEN THE ABILITY TO ANONYMOUSLY PROVIDE FEEDBACK OR COMMUNICATE THEIR CONCERNS TO PROGRAM STAFF OR THE BRIGHTFOCUS' COMPLIANCE OFFICE. ANY SUGGESTIONS, CONCERNS, COMPLAINTS, OR POSITIVE EXPERIENCES CAN BE OUTLINED AND BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF BRIGHTFOCUS IN THIS MANNER, SO WE MAY ADDRESS ANY AREAS NEEDING IMPROVEMENT, REAFFIRM PRAISE-WORTHY POLICIES, OR OTHERWISE ASSESS NEEDS FOR PROGRAMMATIC CHANGE. THE SENIOR LEADERSHIP PRESENTS AND SUMMARIZES THE STATUS AND PROGRESS ON GRANTS TO THE BRIGHTFOCUS BOARD OF DIRECTORS AT EACH OF THEIR QUARTERLY BOARD MEETINGS.

PART I, LINE 3:

BRIGHTFOCUS REPORTED THE EXPENDITURES BASED ON THE ACCOUNTING METHOD USED IN ITS AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS WHICH IS ON AN ACCRUAL BASIS.

Schedule G IRS990ScheduleG

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Mail Solicitations	Yes (X)	MailSolicitationsInd
Email Solicitations	Yes (X)	EmailSolicitationsInd
In Person Solicitations	Yes (X)	InPersonSolicitationsInd
Solicitation Of Non Govt Grants	Yes (X)	SolicitationOfNonGovtGrantsInd
Special Fundraising Events	Yes (X)	SpecialFundraisingEventsInd
Agrmt Prof Fundraising Acty	Yes (1)	AgrmtProfFundraisingActyInd

Fundraiser Activity Info FundraiserActivityInfoGrp (2 entries)

Address Line1USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityUSAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationUSAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPUSAddress/ZIPCd	ActivityActivityTxt	Fundraiser Control Of FundsFundraiserControlOfFundsInd	Gross ReceiptsGrossReceiptsAmt	Retained By ContractorRetainedByContractorAmt	Net To OrganizationNetToOrganizationAmt
ROBBINS KERSTEN DIRECT
201 SUMMER ST	HOLLISTON	MA	07146	FUNDRAISING AND COMMUNICATIONS CONSULTANT	0	$22,081,073	$394,260	$21,686,813
BEACONFIRE REDENGINE
2300 CLARENDON BLVD STE 925	ARLINGTON	VA	22201	FUNDRAISING AND COMMUNICATIONS CONSULTANT	0	$538,455	$131,118	$407,337

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Gross Receipts	$22,619,528	TotalGrossReceiptsAmt
Total Retained By Contractors	$525,378	TotalRetainedByContractorsAmt
Total Net To Organization	$22,094,150	TotalNetToOrganizationAmt
Licensed States	AL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	AK	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	AZ	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	AR	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CO	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CT	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	DC	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	FL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	GA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	HI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	IL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	KS	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	KY	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	LA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	ME	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MD	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MN	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MS	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NC	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	ND	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NH	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NJ	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NM	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NV	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NY	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	OH	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	OK	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	OR	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	PA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	RI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	SC	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	TN	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	UT	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	VA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	WA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	WI	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	WV	LicensedStatesCd

Fundraising Event Information FundraisingEventInformationGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Event1	AN EVENING OF BRIGHTFOCUS	Event1Nm
Gross Receipts Event1	$154,374	GrossReceiptsEvent1Amt
Charitable Contri Event1	$129,374	CharitableContriEvent1Amt
Gross Revenue Event1	$25,000	GrossRevenueEvent1Amt
Rent Facility Costs Event1	$37,721	RentFacilityCostsEvent1Amt
Food And Beverage Event1	$77,522	FoodAndBeverageEvent1Amt
Entertainment Event1	$121,967	EntertainmentEvent1Amt
Other Direct Expenses Event1	$47,958	OtherDirectExpensesEvent1Amt
Gross Receipts Total	$154,374	GrossReceiptsTotalAmt
Charitable Contributions Tot	$129,374	CharitableContributionsTotAmt
Gross Revenue Total Events	$25,000	GrossRevenueTotalEventsAmt
Rent Fclty Costs Total Events	$37,721	RentFcltyCostsTotalEventsAmt
Food And Beverage Total Events	$77,522	FoodAndBeverageTotalEventsAmt
Entertainment Total Events	$121,967	EntertainmentTotalEventsAmt
Oth Direct Expnss Total Events	$47,958	OthDirectExpnssTotalEventsAmt
Direct Expense Summary Events	$285,168	DirectExpenseSummaryEventsAmt
Net Income Summary	-$260,168	NetIncomeSummaryAmt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	SCHEDULE G, PART I, LINE 2B, COLUMN (V)	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	IN THE CONTRACT WITH ROBBINS KERSTEN DIRECT, THE MANAGEMENT FEES ARE FIXED AMOUNTS PER MONTH FOR IN-SCOPE SERVICES THAT TOTALS $914,269 PER YEAR OF WHICH $520,009 HAS BEEN ALLOCATED UNDER PART XI, LINE 11(G) TO PROGRAM AND MANAGEMENT AND ARE NOT CONSIDERED TO BE THE PROFESSIONAL FUNDRAISING CONSULTANT FEE.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule I IRS990ScheduleI

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grant Records Maintained	Yes (1)	GrantRecordsMaintainedInd

Recipient Table RecipientTable (65 entries)

Address Line1USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	Address Line2USAddress/AddressLine2Txt	CityUSAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationUSAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPUSAddress/ZIPCd	Recipient EINRecipientEIN	IRC SectionIRCSectionDesc	Cash GrantCashGrantAmt	Purpose Of GrantPurposeOfGrantTxt
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
750 N LAKE SHORE DRIVE RUBLOFF 7TH	FLOOR	EVANSTON	IL	60208	362167817	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SHAHRNAZ KEMAL, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017033F)
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
5801 SOUTH ELLIS AVENUE		CHICAGO	IL	60637	362177139	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MYLES MINTER, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017044F)
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
660 S EUCLID AVENUE		SAINT LOUIS	MO	63110	430653611	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY RANDALL BATEMAN, MD ENTITLED: (A2017081S)
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
660 S EUCLID AVENUE		SAINT LOUIS	MO	63110	430653611	501(C)(3)	$299,912	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY TERRANCE KUMMER, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017084S)
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
2301 VANDERBILT PLACE		NASHVILLE	TN	37235	620476822	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ETHAN LIPPMANN, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017094S)
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
600 N WOLFE STREET MEYER 218		BALTIMORE	MD	21205	520595110	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY RESHAM CHHABRA, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017102F)
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
660 S EUCLID AVENUE		SAINT LOUIS	MO	63110	430653611	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SARAH FRITSCHI, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017114F)
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
1425 MADISON AVENUE		NEW YORK CITY	NY	10029	136171197	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KATHRYN BOWLES, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017144F)
BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER
330 BROOKLINE AVENUE		BOSTON	MA	02215	042103881	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY TAE HO LEE, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017180S)
THE J DAVID GLADSTONE INSTITUTES
1650 OWENS STREET		SAN FRANCISCO	CA	94158	237203666	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHAEYOUNG KIM, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017214F)
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
2301 VANDERBILT PLACE		NASHVILLE	TN	37235	620476822	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY RICHARD DARBY, MD ENTITLED: (A2017226F)
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
660 S EUCLID AVENUE		SAINT LOUIS	MO	63110	430653611	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY YI SU, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017272S)
EMORY UNIVERSITY
615 MICHAEL STREET		ATLANTA	GA	30322	580566256	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHADWICK HALES, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017281S)
HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
677 HUNTINGTON AVENUE		BOSTON	MA	02115	042103580	501(C)(3)	$297,818	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MAJKEN JENSEN, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017290S)
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
660 S EUCLID AVENUE		SAINT LOUIS	MO	63110	430653611	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY YONG WANG, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017330S)
EMORY UNIVERSITY
615 MICHAEL STREET		ATLANTA	GA	30322	580566256	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JACKI RORABAUGH, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017345F)
UCLA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
10833 LE CONTE AVENUE		LOS ANGELES	CA	90095	956006143	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY INMA COBOS, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017346S)
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
5801 SOUTH ELLIS AVENUE		CHICAGO	IL	60637	362177139	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PIERRE DE ROSSI, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017366F)
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
630 WEST 168TH STREET BOX 49		NEW YORK	NY	10032	135598093	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KAREN DUFF, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017393S)
THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
1000 WALL STREET		ANN ARBOR	MI	48109	386006309	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PETER TESSIER, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017395S)
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
114 16TH STREET		CHARLESTOWN	MA	02129	041564655	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SARAH DEVOS, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017436F)
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
5801 SOUTH ELLIS AVENUE		CHICAGO	IL	60637	362177139	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANGELE PARENT, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017443S)
WAKE FOREST SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
1 MEDICAL CENTER BOULEVARD		WINSTON SALEM	NC	27157	223849199	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY TAO MA, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017457S)
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
1425 MADISON AVENUE		NEW YORK CITY	NY	10029	136171197	501(C)(3)	$200,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY EDOARDO MARCORA, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017458S)
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
373 PINE TREE ROAD		ITHACA	NY	14853	150532082	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHRIS SCHAFFER, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017488S)
GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
3900 RESERVIOR ROAD NW		WASHINGTON	DC	20057	530196603	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DANIEL PAK, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017508S)
PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER
6400 PERKINS ROAD		BATON ROUGE	LA	70808	726000848	501(C)(3)	$239,195	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ROBERT NEWTON, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017547S)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
2152 BERKELEY WAY		BERKELEY	CA	94704	946002123	501(C)(3)	$100,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JIN RUI LIANG, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017557F)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO
675 NELSON RISING LANE		SAN FRANCISCO	CA	94158	946036493	501(C)(3)	$300,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LEA GRINBERG, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017560S)
C2N DIAGNOSTICS LLC
4041 FOREST PARK AVENUE		ST LOUIS	MO	63108	261421386	501(C)(3)	$750,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PHILIP VERGHESE, PHD ENTITLED: (CA2016636)
ANTHROTRONIX INC
8737 COLEVILLE ROAD SUITE L-203		SILVER SPRING	MD	20910	522183443	501(C)(3)	$450,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CORINNA E. LATHAN, PHD, PE ENTITLED: (CA2016602)
MAYO CLINIC JACKSONVILLE
4500 SAN PABLO ROAD ROOM 110		JACKSONVILLE	FL	32224	593337028	501(C)(3)	$60,000	MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION JOURNAL ENTITLED: (CA2017563)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO
675 NELSON RISING LANE		SAN FRANCISCO	CA	94158	946036493	501(C)(3)	$50,000	BRIGHTFOCUS AWARD FOR SCIENTIFIC IMPACT 2016
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF AREA AGENCIES ON AGING
1730 RHODE ISLAND AVENUE NW SUITE	1200	WASHINGTON	DC	20036	521052345	501(C)(3)	$25,000	DEMENTIA FRIENDLY AMERICA INITIATIVE PROJECT
HUMAN COMPUTATION INSTITUTE
12 GENUNG ROAD		ITHACA	NY	14850	815402321	501(C)(3)	$6,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PIETRO MICHELUCCI, PHD ENTITLED: (CA2016629)
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER
5840 NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER		OMAHA	NE	68198	470049123	501(C)(3)	$150,000	ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MATTHEW VANHOOK, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017027)
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
600 N WOLFE STREET		BALTIMORE	MD	21205	520595110	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY FENGQUAN ZHOU, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017037)
BOSTON MEDICAL CENTER
ONE BOSTON MEDICAL CENTER PLACE		BOSTON	MA	02118	043314093	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY JI YI, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017077)
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH
203 LOTHROP STREET		PITTSBURGH	PA	15213	250965591	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ETHAN ROSSI, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017082)
THE SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
20 STANIFORD STREET		BOSTON	MA	02114	422129889	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY TOBIAS ELZE, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017111)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO
9500 GILMAN DRIVE		LA JOLLA	CA	92037	520595110	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY LINDA ZANGWILL, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017122)
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER
3500 CAMP BOWIE BOULEVARD		FORT WORTH	TX	76107	756064033	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY WEIMING MAO, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017151)
THE JACKSON LABORATORY
600 MAIN STREET		BAR HARBOR	ME	04609	010211513	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY KRISH KIZHATIL, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017152)
DEVERS EYE INSITUTE
1225 NE 2ND AVENUE		PORTLAND	OR	97232	930386823	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY BRAD FORTUNE, OD, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017170)
MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
736 WILSON ROAD		EAST LANSING	MI	48824	386005984	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ANDRAS KOMAROMY, DVM, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017185)
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER
3500 CAMP BOWIE BOULEVARD		FORT WORTH	TX	76107	756064033	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY GULAB ZODE, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017199)
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT HEALTH CENTER
263 FARMINGTON AVENUE		FARMINGTON	CT	06030	521725543	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY FELIKS (EPHRAIM) TRAKHTENBERG, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017204)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO
9500 GILMAN DRIVE		LA JOLLA	CA	92037	956006144	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY DEREK WELSBIE, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017212)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO
3333 CALIFORNIA STREET		SAN FRANCISCO	CA	94118	946036493	501(C)(3)	$150,000	NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY DOUGLAS GOULD, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017218)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO
9500 GILMAN DRIVE		LA JOLLA	CA	92037	956006144	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY DANIEL CHAO, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017034)
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
1600 SW ARCHER ROAD		GAINESVILLE	FL	32610	596002052	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ASTRA DINCULESCU, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017035)
THE JACKSON LABORATORY
600 MAIN STREET		BAR HARBOR	ME	04609	010211513	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY PATSY NISHINA, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017042)
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
600 N WOLFE STREET		BALTIMORE	MD	21205	520595110	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY MICHAEL PAULAITIS, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017060)
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
65 MARIO CAPECCHI DRIVE		SALT LAKE CITY	UT	84132	876000525	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY BINXING LI, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017066)
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
368 PLANTATION STREET		WORCESTER	MA	01605	043167352	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY CLAUDIO PUNZO, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017071)
OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
505 NW 185TH AVENUE		BEAVERTON	OR	97006	931176109	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY TREVOR MCGILL, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017073)
UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI MILLER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
1320 S DIXIE HIGHWAY SUITE 650		CORAL GABLES	FL	33146	590624458	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY GAOFENG WANG, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017081)
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
1600 SW ARCHER ROAD		GAINESVILLE	FL	32610	596002052	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY CRISTHIAN ILDEFONSO, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017126)
TUFTS UNIVERSITY
136 HARRISON AVENUE		BOSTON	MA	02111	042103634	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY SHELDON ROWAN, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017147)
BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
300 LONGWOOD AVENUE		BOSTON	MA	02115	042774441	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY JING CHEN, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017161)
TUFTS UNIVERSITY
136 HARRISON AVENUE		BOSTON	MA	02111	042103634	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY RAJENDRA KUMAR-SINGH, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017175)
DUKE UNIVERSITY EYE CENTER
2531 ERWIN ROAD		DURHAM	NC	27705	560532129	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY DANIEL SABAN, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017183)
THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON
301 UNIVERSITY BOULEVARD		GALVESTON	TX	77555	740000949	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY YAN CHEN, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017186)
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
300 PASTEUR DRIVE		STANFORD	CA	94305	941156365	501(C)(3)	$160,000	MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY PHILIPPE MOURRAIN, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017209)
HELEN KELLER FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH & EDUCATION
1201 11TH AVENUE SOUTH SUITE 300		BIRMINGHAM	AL	35205	630983733	501(C)(3)	$75,000	HELEN KELLER PRIZE FOR VISION RESEARCH PARTNERSHIP.

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total501c3 Org	46	Total501c3OrgCnt
Total Other Org	0	TotalOtherOrgCnt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	PART I, LINE 2:	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	BRIGHTFOCUS INTERACTS WITH ALL GRANTEES AT LEAST QUARTERLY BY E-MAIL OR AT SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS. IN ADDITION TO THESE INTERACTIONS, EACH GRANT RECIPIENT IS REQUIRED TO SUBMIT SEPARATE DETAILED ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND FINANCIAL REPORTS TO BRIGHTFOCUS. THESE ARE RECEIVED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT, AND REVIEWED BY SCIENTIFIC STAFF WITH BROAD EXPERTISE IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, CELL BIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, IMAGING AND GENETICS. SENIOR STAFF REVIEWS EACH PROGRESS REPORT AND EVALUATES THE PROJECT FOR SUFFICIENT PROGRESS TOWARDS THE SPECIFIC AIMS PROPOSED IN THE ORIGINAL APPLICATION OR ANY BUDGETARY CONCERNS. THIS EFFORT IS SUPPORTED BY ADDITIONAL SCIENTIFIC COUNSEL FROM MEMBERS OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS SCIENTIFIC REVIEW COMMITTEES, WHEN REQUIRED. IN ADDITION TO STATEMENTS OF EXPERIMENTAL PROGRESS, ALL GRANTEES ARE ASKED TO REPORT ANY TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS, MEDIA REPORTS, OR PATENT APPLICATIONS IN WHICH BRIGHTFOCUS-SPONSORED RESEARCH IS DESCRIBED. IF SIGNIFICANT CONCERNS RELATED TO PROGRESS ON THE AWARDS ARE DISCOVERED, AND NOT RESOLVED AFTER INTERACTION WITH THE AWARD GRANTEE, THE BRIGHTFOCUS STAFF RECOMMENDS APPROPRIATE ACTIONS TO THE CHAIR OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE GRANT AGREEMENT TERMS AND CONDITIONS, BRIGHTFOCUS MAY WITHHOLD FUNDING, OR DISCONTINUE AN AWARD, FOR ANY GRANTEE THAT FAILS TO ACHIEVE SUFFICIENT PROGRESS OR SUBMIT REQUIRED REPORTS. AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE GRANT AWARD PERIOD, EACH GRANTEE MUST COMPLETE AND SUBMIT A FINAL REPORT THAT IS ALSO REVIEWED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS SENIOR SCIENTIFIC STAFF. EVALUATION OF THE WORK OF EACH GRANTEE IS QUALITATIVELY AND QUANTITATIVELY ASSESSED THROUGH VARIOUS METRICS RELATED TO THE IMPACT OF THE GRANT ON ITS TARGETED DISEASE FIELD. SUCH IMPACT METRICS HAVE REVEALED THAT 95% OF BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED RESEARCH RESULTS IN RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS THAT ADVANCE THE FIELDS SERVED BY BRIGHTFOCUS. THIS IMPACT IS FURTHER SUPPORTED BY ANNUAL CITATION ANALYSIS THAT COMPARES BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED WORKS TO A STATISTICAL SAMPLE OF WORKS SUPPORTED BY EITHER THE US FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OR THAT OF OTHER FUNDING AGENCIES. BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED PUBLICATIONS ARE CONSISTENTLY CITED AT NEARLY TWICE THE FREQUENCY OF ANY OTHER COMPARISON GROUP. A FINAL EXAMPLE OF IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVEALED THAT THE SUCCESSES OF BRIGHTFOCUS GRANTEES CONTINUE LONG AFTER THE GRANT EXPIRES. ON AVERAGE, EACH GRANTEE RECEIVES 2.2 ADDITIONAL GRANTS FOR PROJECTS SPAWNED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS GRANT. THESE COME AT VALUES NEARLY 10 TIMES THE LEVEL OF THE INITIAL BRIGHTFOCUS INVESTMENT. BRIGHTFOCUS SOLICITS FEEDBACK FROM ITS GRANTEES, AND PROVIDES AN ANONYMOUS FORUM FOR COLLECTING SUCH INFORMATION. THROUGHOUT OUR WEBSITE AND WITHIN THE FINAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS REPORT, THERE ARE DESIGNATED SECTIONS WHERE AWARDEES ARE ASKED TO PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO THE FOUNDATION. THROUGH THIS MECHANISM, THEY ARE GIVEN THE ABILITY TO ANONYMOUSLY PROVIDE FEEDBACK OR COMMUNICATE THEIR CONCERNS TO PROGRAM STAFF OR THE BRIGHTFOCUS' COMPLIANCE OFFICE. ANY SUGGESTIONS, CONCERNS, COMPLAINTS, OR POSITIVE EXPERIENCES CAN BE OUTLINED AND BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF BRIGHTFOCUS IN THIS MANNER, SO WE MAY ADDRESS ANY AREAS NEEDING IMPROVEMENT, REAFFIRM PRAISE-WORTHY POLICIES, OR OTHERWISE ASSESS NEEDS FOR PROGRAMMATIC CHANGE. THE SENIOR LEADERSHIP PRESENTS AND SUMMARIZES THE STATUS AND PROGRESS ON GRANTS TO THE BRIGHTFOCUS BOARD OF DIRECTORS AT EACH OF THEIR QUARTERLY BOARD MEETINGS.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule J IRS990ScheduleJ

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Compensation Committee	Yes (X)	CompensationCommitteeInd
Independent Consultant	Yes (X)	IndependentConsultantInd
Form990 Of Other Organizations	Yes (X)	Form990OfOtherOrganizationsInd
Compensation Survey	Yes (X)	CompensationSurveyInd
Board Or Committee Approval	Yes (X)	BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd
Severance Payment	0	SeverancePaymentInd
Supplemental Nonqual Rtr Plan	0	SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd
Equity Based Comp Arrngm	0	EquityBasedCompArrngmInd
Comp Based On Revenue Of Flng Org	0	CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd On Rev Related Orgs	0	CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Flng Org	0	CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Rltd Orgs	0	CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd
Any Non Fixed Payments	Yes (1)	AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd
Initial Contract Exception	0	InitialContractExceptionInd

Rltd Org Officer Trst Key Empl RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp (4 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Base Compensation Filing OrgBaseCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Compensation Based On Rltd OrgsCompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmt	Bonus Filing OrganizationBonusFilingOrganizationAmount	Bonus Related OrganizationsBonusRelatedOrganizationsAmt	Other Compensation Filing OrgOtherCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Other Compensation Rltd OrgsOtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Deferred Compensation Flng OrgDeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmt	Deferred Comp Rltd OrgsDeferredCompRltdOrgsAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Filing OrgNontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Rltd OrgsNontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmt	Total Compensation Filing OrgTotalCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Total Compensation Rltd OrgsTotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Filing OrgCompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Rltd OrgsCompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt
STACY PAGOS HALLER
PRESIDENT/CEO	$338,810	$0	$45,000	$0	$1,935	$0	$39,750	$0	$38,186	$0	$463,681	$0	$0	$0
R BRIAN ELDERTON
SR. VP, DEVELOPMENT	$216,460	$0	$0	$0	$1,584	$0	$3,740	$0	$25,488	$0	$247,272	$0	$0	$0
DAVID F MARKS CPA CMA
VP, FINANCE & ADMINISTRATION	$149,470	$0	$0	$0	$1,032	$0	$24,099	$0	$37,921	$0	$212,522	$0	$0	$0
MICHAEL BUCKLEY
VP, PUBLIC AFFAIRS	$139,644	$0	$0	$0	$360	$0	$17,184	$0	$25,979	$0	$183,167	$0	$0	$0

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	PART I, LINE 7	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	AS THE PRESIDENT/CEO'S BONUS WAS NOT A FIXED PAYMENT SPECIFIED IN HER EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT, THIS ITEM HAS BEEN ANSWERED 'YES' IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS. HOWEVER, IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT HER BONUS WAS A NON-FIXED PAYMENT BASED ON BRIGHTFOCUS' INTERNAL PROCEDURES. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS CONSIDERS THE AWARD OF A DISCRETIONARY BONUS EACH YEAR. THE DETERMINATION OF THE BONUS COMPENSATION IS CAPPED AS SPECIFIED IN HER EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT, AND IF NOT WARRANTED WILL NOT BE AWARDED AT ALL. THE DETERMINATION IS MADE BY THE FULL BOARD UPON RECOMMENDATION OF ITS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE REVIEW OF PRESIDENT/CEO COMPENSATION. THE COMMITTEE CONSIDERS A SET OF GOALS FOR THE PRESIDENT/CEO'S PERFORMANCE DEVELOPED AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR IN CONSULTATION WITH THE PRESIDENT/CEO. EACH GOAL IS EVALUATED AT THE END OF THE FISCAL YEAR TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE GOAL HAS BEEN MET OR EXCEEDED. THE BONUS IS AWARDED BASED ON A DETAILED REVIEW BY THE BOARD OF WHETHER EACH GOAL HAS BEEN MET OR EXCEEDED.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule M IRS990ScheduleM

Securities Publicly Traded SecuritiesPubliclyTradedGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Non Cash Checkbox	Yes (X)	NonCashCheckboxInd
Contribution	15	ContributionCnt
Noncash Contributions Rpt F990	$118,415	NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt
Method Of Determining Revenues	FMV	MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Any Property That Must Be Held	0	AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeldInd
Review Process Unusual NC Gifts	Yes (1)	ReviewProcessUnusualNCGiftsInd
Third Parties Used	0	ThirdPartiesUsedInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	PART I, COLUMN (B):	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	BRIGHTFOCUS REPORTS THE NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTIONS IN PART I, COLUMN (B).	ExplanationTxt

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (24 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 1, DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION MISSION:	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION DRIVES INNOVATIVE RESEARCH WORLDWIDE AND PROMOTES AWARENESS OF ALZHEIMER'S MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA. OUR VISION IS LIVING FREE FROM DISEASES OF MIND AND SIGHT. COLLECTIVELY, 1 IN 16 PEOPLE OVER THE AGE OF 40 IN THE U.S. HAS ONE OF THESE DISEASES. BRIGHTFOCUS HAS A PROVEN TRACK RECORD OF SUPPORTING THE MOST INNOVATIVE, EARLY-STAGE RESEARCH SEEKING BETTER UNDERSTANDING, TREATMENTS, OR, ULTIMATELY, A CURE FOR THESE DISEASES. SINCE 1973, BRIGHTFOCUS HAS AWARDED MORE THAN $176 MILLION IN RESEARCH GRANTS TO THOUSANDS OF SCIENTISTS AROUND THE WORLD. OUR RESEARCH FUNDING HAS LED TO MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF THESE DISEASES AND TO THE AWARDING OF TWO NOBEL PRIZES. BRIGHTFOCUS-SUPPORTED FINDINGS ARE CONSISTENTLY CITED BY OTHER SCIENTISTS AT TWICE THE FREQUENCY AS OTHER RESEARCH FINDINGS. OUR FUNDING ACTS AS A CATALYST IN EARLY-STAGE RESEARCH. THE BRIGHTFOCUS RESEARCH PROGRAMS ARE DESIGNED TO PROVIDE INITIAL FUNDING FOR HIGHLY INNOVATIVE EXPERIMENTAL IDEAS. DUE TO THE STRUCTURED GRANT REVIEW AND APPROVAL PROCESS, THE RESEARCH IMPACT OF BRIGHTFOCUS IS VERY HIGH. MOST RECIPIENTS OF BRIGHTFOCUS FUNDING GO ON TO RECEIVE FUTURE GRANTS FROM OTHER SOURCES THAT ARE 10 TIMES LARGER THAN THE ORIGINAL BRIGHTFOCUS AWARD. THIS ONE THOUSAND PERCENT RETURN ON BRIGHTFOCUS INVESTMENT SPEAKS TO OUR ABILITY TO IDENTIFY PROMISING RESEARCH IN ITS EARLIEST STAGES AND SPAWN FUTURE SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES. IT IS OUR FIRM BELIEF THAT HAVING THE COURAGE TO INVEST IN INNOVATIVE IDEAS WILL LEAD TO REVOLUTIONARY APPROACHES AND LIFE-SAVING BREAKTHROUGHS. INDISPUTABLY, THE WORLD-CLASS RESEARCH IDENTIFIED AND SUPPORTED BY BRIGHTFOCUS IS MORE THAN PROMISING: IT IS MAKING A REAL CONTRIBUTION TO REVOLUTIONARY SCIENCE IN THE FIGHT TO SAVE MIND AND SIGHT. ALONG WITH FUNDING CUTTING-EDGE RESEARCH TO FIND CURES TO SOME OF SOCIETY'S COSTLIEST DISEASES, BRIGHTFOCUS ALSO PROVIDES FREE EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS AND SUPPORT TO HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF PATIENTS AND FAMILIES AFFECTED BY THESE DISEASES NATIONWIDE. WE BASE THESE EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS OFF OF THE LATEST RESEARCH FINDINGS. BRIGHTFOCUS INCREASES PUBLIC AWARENESS OF ALZHEIMER'S, MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA, AND COMMUNICATES WITH THOUGHT LEADERS AND ELECTED OFFICIALS ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN THESE AREAS. BRIGHTFOCUS' AWARD-WINNING PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS (PSA) HAVE APPEARED ON TELEVISION, RADIO, AND IN PRINT THROUGHOUT THE NATION. BOTH MAKE A PLAN TODAY: GET YOUR EYES CHECKED AND NOW IS THE MOMENT TO STOP ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE POWERFULLY SEEK TO RAISE AWARENESS AND EARLY DETECTION, AND SIMILAR MESSAGES HAVE BEEN DELIVERED THROUGH DONATED PRINT PSA SPACE IN AIRPORTS AND TRAIN STATIONS, AS WELL AS AT PHARMACIES AND SUPERMARKETS. IN FISCAL YEAR 2017, THESE PSA MESSAGES GENERATED $15,795,314 IN DONATED MEDIA SERVICES AND GARNERED 1.6 BILLION IMPRESSIONS. STARTING IN FEBRUARY 2014, WE LAUNCHED BRIGHTFOCUS CHATS, A FREE, INTERACTIVE MONTHLY TELEPHONE FORUM THAT BRINGS TOGETHER PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS TO LEARN FROM, AND ASK QUESTIONS OF, LEADING RESEARCHERS AND SPECIALISTS ON VISION DISEASES. THE CHATS ARE ARCHIVED ON OUR WEB SITE, WITH AUDIO AND PRINT TRANSCRIPTS AVAILABLE IN A NUMBER OF ACCESSIBLE FORMATS. WE CONTINUE TO INCREASE OUR PRINT PUBLICATIONS, MANY IN SPANISH, THAT PROVIDE HELPFUL INFORMATION TO PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS, AND REGULARLY UNVEIL NEW VIDEO AND AUDIO RESOURCES IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALLIES IN THE MEDICAL AND SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITIES. WE HAVE EXPANDED OUR WRITTEN CONTENT OF KEY RESEARCH FINDINGS, PROMOTING AND SHARING THIS INFORMATION THROUGH OUR WEB SITE AND SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS. CAPITALIZING ON EMERGING USE OF DATA VISUALIZATION, OUR BRIGHTFOCUS INFOGRAPHICS EASILY AND VISUALLY COMMUNICATE INFORMATION ON ALZHEIMER'S, MACULAR DEGENERATION, AND GLAUCOMA. MORE SPECIFICALLY, EACH OF THESE PROGRAM AREAS MAIL AWARENESS-RAISING MATERIALS TO HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF HOUSEHOLDS, WITH MESSAGES FOCUSING ON: - RISK FACTORS AND SYMPTOM RECOGNITION THROUGH PUBLIC AWARENESS AND STEPS THE PUBLIC SHOULD TAKE THAT MAY HELP REDUCE THEIR RISK. - LIFESTYLE CHOICES THAT PROMOTE GOOD HEALTH, ENCOURAGING READERS TO TAKE ACTION TO REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF THE ONSET OF THE DISEASE. - RESEARCH RESULTS AND TREATMENTS AVAILABLE TO ADDRESS THE DISEASE. BRIGHTFOCUS REGULARLY INTERACTS WITH MEMBERS OF THE MEDIA, AS WELL AS ELECTED OFFICIALS AND FEDERAL AGENCY STAFF. THROUGH OUR OWN OUTREACH EFFORTS, AS WELL AS ACTIVE ROLES IN ADVOCACY COALITIONS, WE HELP ADVANCE THE CAUSE OF PIONEERING SCIENCE AND BETTER POSITION BRIGHTFOCUS AS A RESOURCE FOR THOSE STRUGGLING WITH, AND SEARCHING FOR CURES FOR, THESE TERRIBLE DISEASES. BRIGHTFOCUS IS THE PRESENTING SPONSOR OF THE HELEN KELLER PRIZE FOR VISION RESEARCH, ONE OF THE MOST PRESTIGIOUS RECOGNITIONS IN THE FIELD. SELECTED BY A PANEL OF THE WORLD'S FOREMOST VISION SCIENTISTS, EACH YEAR'S LAUREATE IS HONORED FOR A GROUNDBREAKING CONTRIBUTION OR DISCOVERY TO SAVE SIGHT. BRIGHTFOCUS BEGAN ITS SPONSORSHIP IN 2015 TO CALL GREATER ATTENTION TO VISION RESEARCH ACROSS THE PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTORS.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B	A DRAFT OF THE FEDERAL FORM 990 SHALL BE DISTRIBUTED TO THE AUDIT COMMITTEE FOR REVIEW PRIOR TO BEING SUBMITTED TO THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE. THE DRAFT FEDERAL FORM 990 SHALL BE DISTRIBUTED EARLY ENOUGH TO PROVIDE EACH COMMITTEE MEMBER WITH A REASONABLE AMOUNT OF TIME FOR REVIEW AND SUBMISSION OF QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS PRIOR TO THE FILING DEADLINE. THE FINAL FEDERAL FORM 990 SHALL BE DISTRIBUTED TO EACH MEMBER OF THE FULL BOARD OF DIRECTORS PRIOR TO BEING FILED WITH THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE. THE DRAFT OR FINAL FEDERAL FORM 990 MAY BE DISTRIBUTED IN PERSON, BY REGULAR MAIL, E-MAIL, OR FAX.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C	BRIGHTFOCUS HAS ALL EMPLOYEES, OFFICERS, AND DIRECTORS AGREE TO THE CODE OF CONDUCT THAT INCLUDES ADHERENCE TO THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST AND IMPLEMENTATION POLICY. EACH BOARD DIRECTOR, OFFICER, AND EMPLOYEE IS REQUIRED TO COMPLETE A CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE STATEMENT ANNAUALLY. EMPLOYEES MEET ANNUALLY WITH THE BRIGHTFOCUS' CHIEF COMPLIANCE OFFICER TO REVIEW THEIR CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENTS, AND GIVE AN ANNUAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST COMPLIANCE REPORT TO THE BOARD CHAIR AND VICE CHAIR. IF A CONFLICT IS REPORTED, IT IS THEN REFERRED TO THE PRESIDENT/CEO AND/OR BRIGHTFOCUS' LEGAL COUNSEL AND, IF APPROPRIATE AND NECESSARY, THEN TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OR ITS APPOINTED COMMITTEE FOR FURTHER ACTION. THE DIRECTOR'S AND OFFICER'S STATEMENTS ARE REVIEWED BY THE BRIGHTFOCUS LEGAL COUNSEL. IF A CONFLICT IS REPORTED, IT IS THEN REFERRED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OR ITS APPOINTED COMMITTEE FOR FURTHER ACTION. AT THE TIME OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS DISCUSSION AND DECISION CONCERNING A CONFLICT OF INTEREST, THE CONFLICTED PARTY IS NOT PRESENT IN THE MEETING.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15	BRIGHTFOCUS' BOARD OF DIRECTORS HAS OVERALL AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY FOR APPROVING THE ANNUAL BUDGET WHICH INCLUDES SALARY AND BENEFITS FOR ALL EMPLOYEES AT EVERY LEVEL INCLUDING NON-DIRECTOR OFFICERS AND KEY EMPLOYEES. ALL PAY ADJUSTMENTS ARE MADE ON A YEARLY BASIS EFFECTIVE APRIL 1ST, THE BEGINNING OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS FISCAL YEAR. BEFORE APPROVING THE COMPENSATION OF THE PRESIDENT/CEO, THE BOARD DETERMINES THE TOTAL COMPENSATION TO BE PROVIDED BY BRIGHTFOCUS TO THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS REASONABLE IN LIGHT OF THE POSITION, RESPONSIBILITY AND QUALIFICATION OF THE POSITION HELD INCLUDING THE RESULT OF AN EVALUATION OF PRIOR PERFORMANCE FOR BRIGHTFOCUS, IF APPLICABLE. THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS EVALUATED ANNUALLY BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS THROUGH THE USE OF AN IN-DEPTH GOAL ATTAINMENT STRUCTURE, (DEVELOPED WITH ADVICE FROM BOARD SOURCE) THAT INCLUDES A SELF ASSESSMENT AND A BOARD OF DIRECTORS ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION AGAINST SET GOALS, OUTCOMES AND DELIVERABLES. IN ADDITION, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS PERIODICALLY ENGAGES AN OUTSIDE CONSULTANT TO OBTAIN AND CONSIDER APPROPRIATE DATA, INCLUDING A SALARY SURVEY, WHICH INCLUDES INFORMATION COMPILED FROM THE FEDERAL FORM 990 OF OTHER ORGANIZATIONS, CONCERNING COMPENSATION PAID TO CEOS IN LIKE CIRCUMSTANCES. IN MAKING THE DETERMINATION, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS SHALL CONSIDER TOTAL COMPENSATION TO INCLUDE THE SALARY AND VALUE OF ALL BENEFITS PROVIDED BY BRIGHTFOCUS TO THE INDIVIDUAL IN PAYMENT FOR SERVICES. AT THE TIME OF THE BRIGHTFOCUS BOARD DISCUSSION AND DECISION CONCERNING THE PRESIDENT/CEO'S COMPENSATION, THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS NOT PRESENT IN THE MEETING. THE BOARD SHALL SET FORTH THE BASIS FOR ITS DECISIONS WITH RESPECT TO COMPENSATION IN THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING AT WHICH THE DECISIONS ARE MADE, INCLUDING THE CONCLUSIONS OF THE EVALUATION AND THE BASIS FOR DETERMINING THAT THE INDIVIDUAL'S COMPENSATION WAS REASONABLE IN LIGHT OF THE EVALUATION AND COMPARABILITY DATA. THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS CHARGED WITH THE SETTING OF SALARIES OF ALL OTHER EMPLOYEES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE BUDGET APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. THE PRESIDENT/CEO AND HUMAN RESOURCES REVIEW EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS THAT INCLUDES KEY EMPLOYEES, BY PERIODICALLY ENGAGING AN OUTSIDE CONSULTANT TO CONDUCT COMPENSATION AND BENEFIT BENCHMARKING STUDIES THAT INCLUDE VARIOUS REGIONAL AND NATIONAL NON-PROFIT COMPENSATION REPORTS AND SURVEYS. COMPENSATION DELIBERATIONS AND DECISIONS INCLUDE THE REVIEW OF SELF AND SUPERVISORY EVALUATIONS OF EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE COMPARED TO SET INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19	BRIGHTFOCUS MAKES ITS GOVERNING DOCUMENTS INCLUDING ITS ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS, THE FEDERAL FORM 1023, THE 501(C)(3) LETTER OF DETERMINATION FROM THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FEDERAL FORM 990 AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST. IN ADDITION, THE PUBLIC ALSO HAS ACCESS TO THE ANNUAL REPORT, AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, THE 501(C)(3) LETTER OF DETERMINATION FROM THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, AND FEDERAL FORM 990 ON OUR WEBSITE.
FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9:	RECOVERIES OF PRIOR YEAR GRANTS 37,128. CHANGE IN PRESENT VALUE OF GRANTS 60,260.
SCHEDULE F, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN D:	REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MAR HERNANDEZ GUILLAMON, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017243S) THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF RAPOA-I-MILANO IN AN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE MODEL. INVESTIGATORS SUMMARY: BETA-AMYLOID (A-BETA) PROTEIN IS ABNORMALLY ACCUMULATED IN BRAINS OF PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), WHICH IS BELIEVED TO BE A SUFFICIENT CAUSE TO INDUCE CELL DEATH OF NEURONS. DIFFERENT EVIDENCES SUGGEST THAT THE LEVELS AND DISTRIBUTION OF LIPIDS IN THE BRAIN INFLUENCE THE TRANSPORT AND THE DEPOSITION OF A-BETA PROTEIN. THE AIM OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF A NEW TREATMENT BASED ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF A NATURAL MODIFIED PROTEIN ABLE TO MOBILIZE LIPIDS IN A TRANSGENIC MICE MODEL OF AD. THIS PROTEIN, THE APOA-I-MILANO VARIANT, HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE PROTECTIVE IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; HOWEVER ITS PROPERTIES HAVE NEVER BEEN TESTED IN BRAIN DISEASES BEFORE. GRANT AWARDED: $300,000, VALL DE HEBRON RESEARCH INSTITUTE, BARCELONA, SPAIN. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017243S REGION: NORTH AMERICA (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY RANDY MCINTOSH, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017286S) BUILDING A PERSONALIZED VIRTUAL BRAIN WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE TO GUIDE CLINICAL DECISIONS. INVESTIGATORS SUMMARY: THE BRAIN IS A COMPLICATED SYSTEM WHERE DIFFERENT PARTS INTERACT TO SUPPORT A VARIETY OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS. THIS COMPLEXITY MAKES IT DIFFICULT TO TREAT DISEASES SUCH AS ALZHEIMER'S AND PARKINSON'S WHERE MANY DIFFERENT BRAIN AREAS CAN BE AFFECTED, BUT LEAD TO VERY SIMILAR DEFICITS SUCH AS MEMORY DYSFUNCTION. OUR RESEARCH PROVIDES A FRAMEWORK WITH TOOLS TO "RECONSTRUCT" THE BRAIN, BUILDING MODELS OF DIFFERENT DEMENTIAS TO CHARACTERIZE THE UNIQUE FEATURES OF EACH DISEASE AND THE FINAL COMMON PATHS TO COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. AS OUR WORK PROGRESSES, IT WILL BE USED TO EVALUATE THE POTENTIAL OF THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS TO HELP IDENTIFY TARGETS THAT ARE MOST LIKELY TO HAVE THE BEST OUTCOME FOR THE INDIVIDUAL. GRANT AWARDED: $299,565, BAYCREST CENTRE FOR GERIATRIC CARE, TORONTO, CANADA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017286S REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DANIEL BOS, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017424F) PROGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS: THE INFLUENCE ON BRAIN STRUCTURE, COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND DEMENTIA. INVESTIGATORS SUMMARY: ATHEROSCLEROSIS - OR HARDENING OF THE ARTERIES - IS INCREASINGLY BEING RECOGNIZED AS AN IMPORTANT RISK FACTOR FOR DEMENTIA. YET, IT REMAINS UNCLEAR WHETHER THE PROGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN THE ARTERIAL SYSTEM ALSO CONTRIBUTES TO CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF THE BRAIN AND ULTIMATELY DEMENTIA. HOWEVER, THE KNOWLEDGE ON THE DYNAMICS OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND ITS ROLE IN THESE BRAIN CHANGES AND DEMENTIA WILL GREATLY IMPROVE OUR INSIGHT INTO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DISEASE. SUBSEQUENTLY, THIS MAY EVEN OFFER THERAPEUTIC OR PREVENTIVE OPPORTUNITIES TO REDUCE THE NUMBER OF PERSONS SUFFERING FROM DEMENTIA BY TARGETING ATHEROSCLEROSIS. GRANT AWARDED: $98,823, ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER, ROTTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017424F REGION: EUROPE (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH CONFERENCE SUPPORT. GRANT AWARDED: $96,265, THE 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ALZHEIMER'S & PARKINSON'S DISEASES, VIENNA, AUSTRIA.
SCHEDULE F, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN D:	REGION: NORTH AMERICA (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MARTIN STEINBACH, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017093) DISRUPTION OF INTER-HEMISPHERIC TRANSFER IN EARLY GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATORS SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS KNOWN AS THE "SILENT KILLER OF VISION" BECAUSE A LARGE PROPORTION OF PEOPLE ARE NOT AWARE THEY HAVE IT UNTIL THE LATE STAGES OF DISEASE, AND THEREFORE IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO DETECT THE DISEASE EARLY SO THESE PATIENTS GET HELP. IT IS ALSO IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THE DISEASE IN ORDER TO DEVELOP NEW LINES OF TREATMENTS. THERE IS NEW INDICATION THAT CHANGES OCCUR NOT ONLY IN THE EYES, BUT ALSO IN THE BRAIN OF THESE PATIENTS, PARTICULARLY IN A STRUCTURE THAT CONNECTS THE TWO BRAIN HEMISPHERES. WE PLAN TO TEST THE FUNCTION OF THIS BRAIN STRUCTURE USING A SERIES OF NON-INVASIVE TESTS. GRANT AWARDED: $150,000, VISION SCIENCE RESEARCH PROGRAM, KREMBIL INSTITUTE, TORONTO, CANADA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017093 REGION: NORTH AMERICA (D) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION DISEASE RESEARCH BY SARAH MCFARLANE, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017002) MOLECULAR REGULATION OF CHOROID NEOVASCULARIZATION. INVESTIGATORS SUMMARY: IN NEOVASCULAR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) SPROUTING OF NEW BLOOD VESSELS (ANGIOGENESIS/NEOVASCULARIZATION) LEADS TO DEATH OF THE NERVE CELLS OF THE RETINA. NEOVASCULAR AMD PLACES A SUBSTANTIAL BURDEN ON PATIENTS AND THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM. CURRENT APPROACHES TO BLOCK NEW BLOOD VESSELS FROM FORMING ARE NOT EFFECTIVE IN MANY PATIENTS AND THEY HAVE SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS. TO ADDRESS AN URGENT NEED EFFECTIVE WAYS TO PREVENT THESE FAULTY NEW BLOOD VESSELS FROM FORMING, BUT NOT AFFECT THE HEALTH OF RETINAL NERVE CELLS OR THE NORMAL BLOOD VESSELS, WE ARE DEVELOPING A GENETIC ANIMAL MODEL WHERE WE CAN RAPIDLY IDENTIFY NOVEL, SAFE AND EFFECTIVE DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEOVASCULAR AMD. GRANT AWARDED: $158,521, UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY, CALGARY, CANADA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017002
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SHAHRNAZ KEMAL, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017033F) TAU-INDEPENDENT MICROTUBULE DEFECTS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: THE POTENTIAL FOR NEW DRUG TARGETS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF DEMENTIA AND THE SIXTH LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN THE US. FINDING NEW THERAPIES TO PREVENT AND TREAT AD ARE CRITICAL. THE EXPERIMENTS IN THIS PROPOSAL ARE DESIGNED TO FIND NEW PATHWAYS BY WHICH BETA AMYLOID, THE TOXIC PEPTIDE ASSOCIATED WITH AD, AFFECTS NEURONS IN AD. IN ADDITION, NEW DRUGS WILL BE TESTED TO DETERMINE IF THEY CAN REVERSE SOME OF THE DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF BETA AMYLOID. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017033F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MYLES MINTER, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017044F) THE ROLE OF MICROBIAL IMMUNE RESPONSES IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) FEATURES BRAIN DEPOSITION OF AMYLOID-BETA PLAQUES AND INFLAMMATION LEADING TO DEMENTIA. EMERGING EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT GUT MICROBES (EG. BACTERIA) CAN REGULATE THE HUMAN IMMUNE SYSTEM AND INFLUENCE BRAIN FUNCTION. THIS PROJECT WILL ASSESS THE ROLE OF GUT MICROBES IN REGULATING INFLAMMATION AND AMYLOID-BETA DEPOSITION IN MOUSE MODELS OF AD. KNOWLEDGE GAINED WILL ADVANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF AD PATHOGENESIS, HOW GUT MICROBES COMMUNICATE WITH THE BRAIN, AND POTENTIALLY IDENTIFY NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017044F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY RANDALL BATEMAN, MD ENTITLED: (A2017081S) IN VIVO STABLE ISOTOPE LABELING & QUANTITATIVE MASS SPECTROMETRY IMAGING OF A-BETA PLAQUE DEPOSITION IN HUMAN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS A DEVASTATING NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE FOR WHICH THERE IS CURRENTLY NO EFFECTIVE THERAPEUTICS. CRITICAL TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THERAPEUTICS THAT MAY TREAT AND EVEN CURE AD IS AN UNDERSTANDING THE DYNAMICS (THE CHANGE OVER TIME) OF AMYLOID-BETA (THE LIKELY CAUSE OF AD) IN THE HUMAN BRAIN. WE ARE USING THE MOST ADVANCED IMAGING TECHNOLOGY TO ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS IN PATIENTS IN ORDER TO ACCELERATE DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVE PATIENT OUTCOMES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017081S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY TERRANCE KUMMER, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017084S) AN MRI FINGERPRINT OF SYNAPSE LOSS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: SYNAPSE LOSS IS AN EARLY AND INVARIANT FEATURE OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). THE REGIONAL LOSS OF SYNAPSES IS AMONG THE STRONGEST PREDICTORS OF ALZHEIMER'S-INDUCED COGNITIVE DECLINE. THE DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD TO MEASURE SYNAPTIC HEALTH REGIONALLY AND LONGITUDINALLY IN HUMAN PATIENTS COULD HAVE PROFOUND IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING AD PATHOGENESIS, AND FOR MONITORING THE IMPACT OF THERAPIES. UNFORTUNATELY, THERE IS NO WELL-VALIDATED METHOD TO MEASURE REGIONAL SYNAPTIC DENSITY IN VIVO. OUR PRIOR WORK DEMONSTRATES THE POTENTIAL OF DIFFUSION MRI APPROACHES TO REVEAL PREVIOUSLY-UNMEASURED, DISEASE-SPECIFIC NEURAL CIRCUIT BREAKDOWN. LOSS OF SYNAPTIC STRUCTURES IS KNOWN TO ALTER WATER DIFFUSION WITHIN NEURONS IN WAYS AMENABLE TO DIFFUSION MRI ANALYSIS THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO DEVELOP AN MRI FINGERPRINT OF SYNAPTIC DENSITY THAT CAN BE USED TO LONGITUDINALLY MONITOR REGIONAL SYNAPTIC HEALTH IN MOUSE MODELS AND IN HUMANS WITH AD, AND TO CONNECT CHANGES IN SYNAPTIC DENSITY WITH THEIR FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017084S
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ETHAN LIPPMANN, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017094S) HIGH THROUGHPUT DISCOVERY OF BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND DEMENTIA, THE BLOOD VESSELS OF THE BRAIN BECOME LEAKY, WHICH WORSENS SYMPTOMS LIKE MEMORY LOSS. WE ARE TRYING TO IDENTIFY WHY THESE BLOOD VESSELS BECOME LEAKY -- IF WE UNDERSTAND THE CAUSE OF THIS LEAKAGE, WE CAN POTENTIALLY TARGET IT WITH NEW DRUGS TO IMPROVE PATIENT OUTCOMES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017094S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY RESHAM CHHABRA, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017102F) DEPLETION OF TDP-43 AS A RISK FACTOR TO PROMOTE TAUOPATHY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE MOST IMPORTANT ALTERATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS THE CONFORMATIONAL CHANGE OF A PROTEIN CALLED TAU, WHICH THEN LEADS TO THE LOSS OF BRAIN CELLS AND MEMORY. MANY STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT ANOTHER PROTEIN CALLED TDP-43 IS LOST FROM THE NUCLEUS IN 30-70% OF AD CASES AND THAT THESE CASES SHOW WORSENED MEMORY LOSS. THE AIM OF OUR STUDY IS TO FIND OUT IF TDP-43 LOSS PLAYS A ROLE IN CHANGING THE CONFORMATION OF TAU. ONCE WE KNOW WHAT DRIVES THE CHANGES IN TAU, WE CAN HALT OR SLOW THE PROGRESSION OF THIS DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017102F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SARAH FRITSCHI, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017114F) MANIPULATING SLEEP/WAKE CENTERS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE-LIKE MOUSE MODELS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: SLEEP PROBLEMS SUCH AS WAKEFULNESS AT NIGHT AND DAYTIME NAPPING ARE COMMON IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) AND ARE THOUGHT TO MANIFEST AS A CONSEQUENCE OF NEURODEGENERATION. HOWEVER, DATA SUGGEST THAT SLEEP DISTURBANCES OCCUR VERY EARLY IN THE COURSE OF THE DISEASE AND MIGHT NOT ONLY BE ASSOCIATED WITH AD BUT MAY PRECEDE THE APPEARANCE OF AD-ASSOCIATED PATHOLOGIES, AS WELL AS THE ONSET OF COGNITIVE SYMPTOMS. BY SWITCHING SLEEP ON AND OFF WE WILL BE ABLE TO ASSESS WHETHER SLEEP DISTURBANCES SUCH AS UNSTABLE SLEEP, UNUSUAL SLEEP DURATION, SLEEP FRAGMENTATION AND POOR SLEEP QUALITY ARE AN EARLY FACTOR THAT CONTRIBUTES TO THE RISK OF DEVELOPING AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017114F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KATHRYN BOWLES, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017144F) IDENTIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF NOVEL MAPT SPLICING FACTORS AND RNA-BINDING PROTEINS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IS PART OF A LARGER GROUP OF DISEASES THAT ALL RESULT IN THE ABNORMAL ACCUMULATION OF A PROTEIN CALLED 'TAU' IN THE BRAIN - THESE DISEASES ARE REFERRED TO AS 'TAUOPATHIES.' THERE ARE SIX DIFFERENT VERSIONS OF THE TAU PROTEIN IN THE HUMAN BRAIN, AND IT IS THOUGHT THAT AN IMBALANCE OF THE DIFFERENT VERSIONS RESULT IN THEIR ABNORMAL ACCUMULATION, AND CONSEQUENTLY, THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TAUOPATHY. THIS PROJECT AIMS TO DISCOVER WHAT GENES ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR REGULATING THE DIFFERENT VERSIONS OF TAU SO THAT WE MAY BETTER UNDERSTAND HOW AND WHY AN IMBALANCE OCCURS, AND WHAT WE COULD DO TO FIX IT. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017144F
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY TAE HO LEE, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017180S) IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL MECHANISMS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATHOGENESIS AND PROGRESSION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS THE MOST COMMON FORM OF DEMENTIA, AFFECTING MILLIONS PEOPLE IN THE WORLD BUT THERE IS NO EFFECTIVE THERAPY. UNDERSTANDING MOLECULAR EVENTS LEADING TO AD IS VITAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW TREATMENTS. OUR GOAL IS TO STUDY THE ROLE OF DEATH-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 IN AD USING MOUSE MODELS AND TO DETERMINE WHETHER DEATH-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 IS IMPORTANT FOR NEURONAL CELL DEATH AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF AD. THIS STUDY WOULD HAVE A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT UPON OUR BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF AD, AND MIGHT EVENTUALLY LEAD THE TREATMENTS OF AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017180S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE J. DAVID GLADSTONE INSTITUTES. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHAEYOUNG KIM, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017214F) APOLIPOPROTEIN E4: MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: APOLIPOPROTEIN E (APOE) HAS IMPORTANT ROLES IN BOTH NORMAL CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) PHYSIOLOGY AND NEUROPATHOLOGY, SUCH AS ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). CRITICAL ELEMENTS OF AD PATHOLOGY ARE MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION AND METABOLIC IMPAIRMENT. IMPORTANTLY, APOE4 GENERATES TOXIC FRAGMENTS THAT CAUSE MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION AND DRIVE NEURODEGENERATION; THEREFORE, I WILL EXAMINE HOW APOE4 AND ITS NEUROTOXIC FRAGMENTS INTERACT WITH MITOCHONDRIA AND ALTER MITOCHONDRIAL ACTIVITY. THIS LARGELY UNEXPLORED APPROACH WILL PROVIDE INSIGHT INTO THE MECHANISMS UNDERLYING APOE4 IN AD AND MAY IDENTIFY NEW THERAPEUTIC TARGETS BY WHICH TO TREAT APOE4-ASSOCIATED AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017214F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY RICHARD DARBY, MD ENTITLED: (A2017226F) NEUROBIOLOGY OF PSYCHOSIS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DELUSIONS AND HALLUCINATIONS COMMONLY OCCUR IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, CAUSING CONSIDERABLE DISTRESS FOR PATIENTS AND FAMILIES. THE GOAL OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO DETERMINE WHY THESE SYMPTOMS ARISE USING DIFFERENT TYPES OF BRAIN SCANS AND BEHAVIORAL TESTS. OUR HOPE IS THAT UNDERSTANDING WHY DELUSIONS AND HALLUCINATIONS OCCUR WILL HELP LEAD TO NEW TREATMENTS FOR THESE SYMPTOMS IN THE FUTURE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017226F. NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY YI SU, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017272S) BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER AND METABOLISM IN AGING AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: RECENTLY, VASCULAR CONTRIBUTIONS TO ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) AND DEMENTIA ARE INCREASINGLY RECOGNIZED, BUT THE EXACT ROLE OF NEUROVASCULAR SYSTEM IN AD AND DEMENTIA REMAINS UNCLEAR. WE HYPOTHESIZE THAT CHANGES TO THE NEUROVASCULAR SYSTEM UNDERLIE AND CONTRIBUTE TO THE ONSET AND PROGRESSION OF AD AND DEMENTIA. IN THIS PROJECT, WE PROPOSE TO USE CUTTING-EDGE IMAGING TECHNIQUES TO MEASURE THESE CHANGES IN VIVO, AND EXAMINE ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH AGING AND AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017272S
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: EMORY UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHADWICK HALES, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017281S) THE ROLE OF RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN AGGREGATE SEEDING IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: BRAIN CELLS ARE MADE UP OF MANY DIFFERENT PROTEINS THAT HELP THEM WORK CORRECTLY. BAD PROTEINS CAN BUILD UP IN THE BRAIN CELLS AND CAUSE THEM TO BECOME SICK AND DIE IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. WE WANT TO STUDY HOW A GROUP OF THESE PROTEINS CAUSES BAD PROTEINS TO BUILD UP IN THE CELLS. RESULTS FROM THE STUDY MAY SHOW US A NEW WAY TO SLOW OR STOP THE BRAIN CELL INJURY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017281S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY MAJKEN JENSEN, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017290S) PLASMA FATTY ACIDS, ANTIOXIDANTS AND ALZHEIMER'S RISK. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: DIET PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANY CHRONIC DISEASES. HOWEVER, WE STILL DON'T HAVE A GOOD UNDERSTANDING OF WHICH DIETARY COMPONENTS ARE MOST IMPORTANT FOR THE PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD). IN THIS PROJECT WE WILL IDENTIFY KEY HEALTHY DIETARY PATTERNS THAT CAN FORM THE FOUNDATION OF DIETARY RECOMMENDATIONS TO LOWER RISK OF AD. THIS IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE DIET IS AMONG THE RISK FACTORS THAT ARE MODIFIABLE; THUS WE CAN CHANGE OUR BEHAVIOR AND LOWER OUR RISK OF THIS DEVASTATING DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017290S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY YONG WANG, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017330S) PET-MRI IMAGING OF WHITE MATTER DAMAGES AND INFLAMMATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: OUR NEW PET-MRI METHOD TAKES PICTURES OF THE BRAIN IN ELDERLY PEOPLE, WHICH ARE COMMONLY USED TO IDENTIFY TUMORS OR STROKES IN PATIENTS. WE HAVE FOUND A NEW WAY TO USE PET-MRI TO MEASURE THE BRAIN'S INJURY AND IMMUNE RESPONSE. WE PREVIOUSLY FOUND THIS TO BE VERY USEFUL IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS. NOW WE ARE ABLE TO USE IT IN PATIENTS WHO HAVE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), BEFORE THEY HAVE MEMORY PROBLEMS, WITH A HOPE THAT THIS WILL BE HELPFUL TO CLINICAL TRIALS TESTING NEW DRUGS FOR EARLY INTERVENTION OF AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017330S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: EMORY UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JACKI RORABAUGH, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017345F) A NEW WAY OF INHIBITING TAU PROPAGATION BY MODULATING LOCUS COERULEUS PHYSIOLOGY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ABNORMAL FORMS OF TAU, AN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD)-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN, BUILD UP WITHIN THE BRAINSTEM AND EVENTUALLY SPREAD TO OTHER REGIONS IMPAIRING FUNCTION AND CONTRIBUTING TO MEMORY LOSS. HOW AND WHEN TAU SPREADS FROM THE BRAINSTEM ARE UNKNOWN. HERE WE PROPOSE TO EXAMINE HOW TAU IS TRANSMITTED FROM THE BRAINSTEM TO THE FOREBRAIN IN A RAT MODEL OF AD. WE HOPE THAT UNDERSTANDING TAU SPREAD MAY YIELD INSIGHTS FOR NEW THERAPIES AND DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS FOR AD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017345F
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UCLA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY INMA COBOS, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017346S) A CELL-TYPE FOCUSED APPROACH TO DEFINE SELECTIVE VULNERABILITY IN HUMAN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE BRAIN. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: A CLOSE LOOK AT BRAIN TISSUE FROM ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) PATIENTS REVEALS THAT ONLY SOME TYPES OF NEURONS HAVE TAU NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES OR OTHERS SIGNS OF NEURODEGENERATION WHILE OTHERS IN CLOSE VICINITY APPEAR HEALTHY. WHAT MAKES SOME NEURONS MORE VULNERABLE OR RESISTANT TO DISEASE? WE ARE USING A NEW TECHNIQUE CALLED "SINGLE CELL RNA SEQUENCING" TO ISOLATE THOUSANDS OF SINGLE NEURONS FROM HUMAN BRAIN TISSUE, STUDY ALL THE GENES THAT ARE EXPRESSED IN EACH INDIVIDUAL CELL, AND MAKE CELL-TO-CELL COMPARISONS BETWEEN NORMAL, EARLY STAGE AND LATE STAGE AD. OUR STUDIES WILL CLARIFY THE PRECISE IDENTITY OF NEURONS INVOLVED BY PATHOLOGY AND UNDERGOING CELL DEATH IN AD, AND POINT TO THE MAIN MOLECULAR PATHWAYS THAT CONFER VULNERABILITY OR RESISTANCE TO DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017346S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PIERRE DE ROSSI, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017366F) INVESTIGATION OF BIN1 AS A RISK FACTOR IN TAU PATHOLOGY IN AN INDUCIBLE TRANSGENIC MODEL. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GENETIC STUDIES HAVE RECENTLY UNCOVERED SEVERAL GENES THAT CAN ELEVATE THE RISK OF DEVELOPING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), INCLUDING THE BIN1 GENE AS THE SECOND STRONGEST GENETIC RISK FACTOR FOR LATE ONSET AD. MY LAB HAS GENERATED A BIN1 TRANSGENIC MODEL TO MIMIC THE INCREASE OF BIN1 PROTEIN IN THE BRAINS OF PATIENTS WITH AD. MY GOAL IS TO USE THIS TRANSGENIC MOUSE MODEL TO INVESTIGATE HOW BIN1 FUNCTIONS AS A RISK FACTOR IN AD. I EXPECT THAT MY PROPOSED RESEARCH WILL SIGNIFICANTLY ADVANCE THE KNOWLEDGE ON BIN1'S FUNCTION IN THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE BRAIN, AND REVEAL HOW IT CONTRIBUTES TO THE DISEASE PATHOLOGY. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017366F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY KAREN DUFF, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017393S) TAU PROPAGATION AND PROTEASOME MEDIATED CLEARANCE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THERE IS CURRENTLY NO CURE FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. WE HAVE IDENTIFIED A NEW WAY TO TREAT THE DISEASE WHICH IS BASED ON STIMULATING THE BRAINS OWN "GARBAGE DISPOSAL UNITS" TO REMOVE THE TOXIC PROTEINS THAT FORM CLUMPS IN THE BRAIN, WHICH CAUSE THE MEMORY LOSS. WE WISH TO TEST HOW EFFECTIVE THIS TREATMENT COULD BE IN A MODEL OF THE DISEASE AND APPLYING A DRUG WE KNOW CAN TARGET THE GARBAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM OF THE BRAIN. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017393S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PETER TESSIER, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017395S) PEPTIDE IMAGING AGENTS SPECIFIC FOR TAU AGGREGATES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS DUE TO PROTEINS THAT MISBEHAVE AND STICK TOGETHER TO FORM DIFFERENT TYPES OF PROTEIN PARTICLES THAT ARE TOXIC TO BRAIN CELLS. EARLY DETECTION OF THIS DREADED DISEASE REQUIRES THE GENERATION OF IMAGING MOLECULES THAT CAN ENTER THE BRAIN AND SELECTIVELY TAG TOXIC PROTEIN PARTICLES IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE BRAIN. WE AIM TO USE AN INNOVATIVE DESIGN AND EVOLUTION METHOD FOR GENERATING IMAGING PROBES SPECIFIC FOR PARTICLES OF ONE OF THE MOST HARMFUL ALZHEIMER'S PROTEINS (TAU). WE WILL USE THESE NOVEL PROBES TO IMAGE TOXIC PROTEIN PARTICLES IN THE BRAINS OF MICE USED AS MODELS OF AD WITH THE LONG-TERM GOAL OF TRANSLATING THIS TECHNOLOGY TO HUMANS FOR EARLY AND ACCURATE DISEASE DETECTION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017395S
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY SARAH DEVOS, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017436F) IN VIVO MONITORING AND PHENOTYPING OF TAU AGGREGATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: A MAJOR DRIVER OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS THE ACCUMULATION OF THE PROTEIN TAU THAT TRAVELS THROUGH THE HUMAN BRAIN IN A CONSERVED PATTERN, THOUGH NO ONE HAS YET IDENTIFIED HOW, OR EVEN IF, THESE TAU ACCUMULATIONS RESULT IN NEURONAL DEATH. IN THIS RESEARCH, WE HAVE DEVELOPED A FLUORESCENT TOOL THAT WILL ALLOW US TO WATCH TAU, AGGREGATE IN NEURONS IN CELL CULTURE AS WELL AS NEURONS IN THE LIVING ADULT MOUSE BRAIN. USING THIS TOOL, THIS RESEARCH AIMS TO DIRECTLY WATCH IN REAL TIME WHAT HAPPENS ONCE A NEURON DEVELOPS AN AGGREGATE OF TAU AS WELL AS STUDY WHAT GENES INCREASE OR DECREASE IN A NEURON ONCE IT DEVELOPS ONE OF THESE TAU ACCUMULATIONS. TOGETHER, THESE DATA WILL HELP US BETTER UNDERSTAND THE IMMEDIATE CHANGES THAT OCCUR IN ADULT NEURONS WHEN THEY DEVELOP AD-LIKE TAU ACCUMULATIONS AND MAY HELP IDENTIFY NEW DRUGABLE PATHWAYS INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AD IN HUMAN PATENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017436F NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ANGELE PARENT, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017443S) MEMBRANE-TARGETED AICD: EFFECT ON COGNITION AND A-BETA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: FOR THE PAST TWO DECADES, RESEARCHERS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) FIELD HAVE FOCUSED ON THE NEUROTOXICITY ASSOCIATED WITH AMYLOID-BETA (A-BETA) PEPTIDE PRODUCTION AND ACCUMULATION; A SMALL PEPTIDE GENERATED FROM CLEAVAGE OF AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN (APP). OUR STUDIES WILL EXPLORE THE APP MOLECULE AS A WHOLE CELLULAR COMPONENT THAT COULD AFFECT BRAIN FUNCTION AND MEMORY PROCESS. WE WILL TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT PRODUCTION OF THE INTRACELLULAR FRAGMENT ORIGINATING FROM APP COULD RESCUE MEMORY DECLINE IN AD MICE MODELS. VIRAL INJECTION IN THE BRAINS OF THESE MICE WILL FACILITATE THE OVERPRODUCTION OF THIS FRAGMENT. OUR INVESTIGATIONS WILL PROVIDE US WITH A MORE MEANINGFUL UNDERSTANDING OF HOW TARGETING APP INTRACELLULAR DOMAIN AT THE MEMBRANE COULD REDUCE COGNITIVE DECLINE AND BENEFIT AD PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017443S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: WAKE FOREST SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY TAO MA, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017457S) ROLE OF EEF2 HYPER-PHOSPHORYLATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE-ASSOCIATED SYNAPTIC FAILURE AND MEMORY DEFICITS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE BASIC CAUSES UNDERLYING THE COGNITIVE DETERIORATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) AND OTHER DEMENTIAS REMAIN ELUSIVE, WHICH HAMPERS DEVELOPMENT OF ANY EFFECTIVE THERAPIES. THIS PROJECT WILL HELP UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF NEW PROTEIN SYNTHESIS ASSOCIATED WITH EEF2K/EEF2 SIGNALING IN AD PATHOGENESIS. THIS WORK COULD INFORM FUTURE IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS AND THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR AD AND RELATED COGNITIVE SYNDROMES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017457S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY EDOARDO MARCORA, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017458S) UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF APOLIPOPROTEIN E IN MICROGLIA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: HUMAN GENETIC STUDIES STRONGLY POINT TO APOLIPOPROTEIN E (APOE) AND MICROGLIA (THE IMMUNE CELLS OF THE BRAIN) AS, RESPECTIVELY, THE MOST IMPORTANT GENE AND CELL TYPE IN THE CHAIN OF EVENTS THAT LEADS TO ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD), A COMMON DISORDER IN THE ELDERLY IN WHICH THE BRAIN IS DAMAGED AND MEMORIES FALTER. IN NORMAL CONDITIONS, MICROGLIAL CELLS DO NOT MAKE APOE; HOWEVER, IN DISEASE CONDITIONS, THEY SENSE THE BRAIN DAMAGE AND RESPOND BY CHURNING OUT APOE. IT IS UNCLEAR WHY THIS OCCURS AND THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO ANSWER THIS QUESTION BY INVESTIGATING WHAT HAPPENS TO MICE IF WE REMOVE THE APOE GENE FROM MICROGLIA AND THEN DAMAGE THEIR BRAIN. THIS GRANT WAS ORIGINALLY OFFERED AS A $200,000 AWARD. HOWEVER, AN ADDITIONAL $100,000 WAS AWARDED AFTER MARCH 31, 2017 TO MAKE THE TOTAL $300,000. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017458S
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: CORNELL UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CHRIS SCHAFFER, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017488S) BLOCKING NEUTROPHIL ADHESION TO IMPROVE BRAIN BLOOD FLOW IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: BLOOD FLOW TO THE BRAIN IS REDUCED BY ABOUT ONE-THIRD IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) PATIENTS AND THIS BLOOD FLOW REDUCTION CONTRIBUTES TO THE MEMORY PROBLEMS OF THE DISEASE. IN MICE MODELS OF AD, WE HAVE RECENTLY DISCOVERED THAT THE BLOOD FLOW REDUCTION IS DUE TO WHITE BLOOD CELLS THAT GET STUCK AND BLOCK BLOOD FLOW IN THE SMALLEST BLOOD VESSELS, INDIVIDUAL BRAIN CAPILLARIES. WHEN WE ELIMINATED THESE CAPILLARY STALLS, THE ALZHEIMER MICE SHOWED A 30% INCREASE IN BRAIN BLOOD FLOW AS WELL AS IMPROVED PERFORMANCE ON MEMORY TASKS. HERE WE PROPOSE TO SCREEN DRUGS THAT INTERFERE WITH WHITE BLOOD CELL ADHESION AND THAT HAVE ALREADY BEEN PROVEN TO BE SAFE IN HUMANS TO FIND COMPOUNDS THAT REDUCE CAPILLARY STALLING AND COULD BE TRIED IN AD PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017488S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY DANIEL PAK, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017508S) EVALUATING PLK2 FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE THERAPY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IS THOUGHT TO BE DUE TO THE BUILD-UP OF A SUBSTANCE IN THE BRAIN CALLED A-BETA. ALTHOUGH THE BASIC PROCESS THAT GENERATES A-BETA IS WELL STUDIED, AN IMPORTANT UNRESOLVED QUESTION IS WHAT FACTORS TURN THIS PROCESS ON AND OFF. WE HAVE IDENTIFIED FOR THE FIRST TIME PLK2 AS A CANDIDATE FACTOR THAT STIMULATES A-BETA PRODUCTION, AND HERE WE WILL EXAMINE THE ROLE OF PLK2 IN DISEASE PROGRESSION USING MOUSE MODELS OF ALZHEIMER'S. THESE STUDIES ARE CRITICAL FOR UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISMS UNDERLYING ALZHEIMER'S AND FOR ADVANCING NEW TARGETS FOR DRUG THERAPIES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017508S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY ROBERT NEWTON, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017547S) EXERCISE INTERVENTION TO REDUCE RISK OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IN AFRICAN AMERICANS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THIS STUDY WILL DETERMINE IF WE CAN GET ELDERLY AFRICAN AMERICAN ADULTS TO EXERCISE MORE. IF WE DO, WE BELIEVE THAT WE CAN IMPROVE THEIR THINKING AND HOPEFULLY PREVENT THEM FROM DEVELOPING THINKING PROBLEMS AS THEY GET OLDER. MANY ELDERLY PEOPLE HAVE PROBLEMS IN THEIR THINKING, ALSO KNOWN AS DEMENTIA, AND WE HOPE TO REDUCE PEOPLE'S RISK OF DEVELOPING DEMENTIA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017547S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY JIN RUI LIANG, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017557F) IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL ER-PHAGY PROTEINS THAT ARE IMPLICATED IN NEURODEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: MY PROJECT AIMS TO DISCOVER THE KEY PROTEINS THAT ARE INVOLVED IN THE DEGRADATION OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER) VIA A PROCESS CALLED ER-PHAGY. RECENTLY, MULTIPLE REPORTS HAVE SHOWN THAT DEFECTS IN THIS PROCESS COULD POTENTIALLY LEAD TO NEURONAL DEFECTS AND NEURODEGENERATIONS, INCLUDING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. HOWEVER, NOT MUCH IS KNOWN WITH REGARDS TO THE PROTEINS AND THE REGULATION PROCESS OF ER-PHAGY. MY PROJECT AIMS TO ESTABLISH THE LINK BETWEEN THESE ERPHAGY-RELATED PROTEINS WITH NEURODEGENERATION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017557F
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY LEA GRINBERG, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (A2017560S) DIAGNOSING AND MONITORING PRODROMAL ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE USING NOVEL LOCUS CERULEUS-BASED IMAGING VOLUMETRY. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: IT WOULD BE EXTREMELY USEFUL FOR DRUG TRIALS, SCREENING PURPOSES AND CLINICAL MANAGEMENT, TO BE ABLE TO MONITOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) PATHOLOGICAL PROGRESSION, ESPECIALLY DURING THE DECADES PRECEDING THE ONSET OF CLINICAL SYMPTOMS WHEN THE DISEASE SPREADS SILENTLY IN THE BRAIN. TO DATE, POSTMORTEM EXAMINATION REMAINS THE ONLY TOOL TO CONFIRM AND STAGE AD DIAGNOSIS. WE FOUND THAT A TINY BRAINSTEM NUCLEUS, THE LOCUS CERULEUS (LC) IS ESPECIALLY VULNERABLE AND EARLIEST-DAMAGED IN AD. FURTHERMORE, INVESTIGATING POSTMORTEM TISSUE, WE FOUND EVIDENCE THAT IN AD PATIENTS, LC SHOWED LINEAR AND PROGRESSIVE SHRINKAGE. WE WILL DEVELOP A HISTOLOGICALLY-VALIDATED CLINICAL MRI TEMPLATE FOR DETECTING LC SHRINKAGE TO TRACK INDIVIDUALS' AD PROGRESSION, THAT MIGHT PERMIT INTERVENTION BEFORE A SUBSTANTIAL AMOUNT OF NEURONS HAVE DIED. LC VOLUMETRY IS POTENTIALLY MORE SCALABLE AND ECONOMICAL THAN OTHER POTENTIAL AD BIOMARKERS, AND COULD BE DEVELOPED FOR LONGITUDINAL SCREENING TO HELP SELECT HIGH-RISK CANDIDATES FOR LESS ACCESSIBLE, MORE EXPENSIVE AND MORE INVASIVE STUDIES (E.G. PET SCAN; SPINAL TAPS). FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/A2017560S NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: C2N DIAGNOSTICS, LLC. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PHILIP VERGHESE, PHD ENTITLED: (CA2016636) SILK ALPHA-BETA SPOT TEST. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER DISEASE (AD) IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF DEMENTIA AND CURRENTLY AFFECTS MORE THAN 5 MILLION PEOPLE IN THE USA ALONE, WITH MILLIONS MORE AT HIGH RISK. AD DEPRIVES PEOPLE OF THEIR MEMORIES, INDEPENDENCE, AND FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY. THE QUALITY OF RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN AD HAS SUFFERED FROM THE ABSENCE OF RELEVANT AND SIMPLE DYNAMIC BIOMARKERS. DYNAMIC BIOMARKERS CAN BE ESSENTIAL FOR SELECTING PATIENTS IN STUDIES WHO ARE MOST LIKELY TO BENEFIT FROM THERAPY. SUCH BIOMARKERS CAN HELP VALIDATE DRUG ACTION, ELIMINATE UNDESERVING DRUG CANDIDATES EARLY, AND OPTIMIZE DOSING AND SCHEDULING TO MAXIMIZE FUTURE CHANCES OF CLINICAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT SUCCESS. A DYNAMIC MARKER ALSO CAN ASSIST IN MONITORING DRUG ACTIVITY IN PRE-SYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS. IT CAN TRACK THE THERAPEUTIC RESPONSIVENESS OF INDIVIDUAL PATIENTS, PREDICT CLINICAL BENEFIT, AND FOLLOW DISEASE PROGRESSION. AS OF TODAY, NO SIMPLE DYNAMIC BIOMARKER FOR AD EXISTS. C2N DIAGNOSTICS HAS UNIQUE AND NOVEL PLATFORMS, TERMED STABLE ISOTOPE LABELING KINETICS (SILK) AND STABLE ISOTOPE SPIKE ABSOLUTE QUANTIFICATION (SISAQ), THAT MEASURE THE METABOLISM AND ABUNDANCE OF BRAIN-DERIVED BIOMOLECULES IMPLICATED IN AD AND OTHER FORMS OF NEURODEGENERATION. THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF C2N'S BRIGHTFOCUS AWARD IS TO DEVELOP NOVEL AND SIMPLE BLOOD TESTS USING THE SILK AND SISAQ PLATFORMS THAT CAN BE USED FOR 1) AIDING IN SELECTION OF PATIENTS FOR INCLUSION IN AD TRIALS, 2) DEMONSTRATING DRUG TARGET ENGAGEMENT, AND 3) TRACKING DISEASE PROGRESSION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CA2016636 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: ANTHROTRONIX, INC. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY CORINNA E. LATHAN, PHD, PE ENTITLED: (CA2016602) HEALTH EBRAIN STUDY II: ADDRESSING DEPRESSION AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE HEALTH-EBRAIN STUDY SEEKS TO UNDERSTAND THE COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING OF DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS WHO ARE HEAVILY BURDENED AND WHO ARE AT RISK FOR MOOD DISORDERS. THIS VIRTUAL LONGITUDINAL STUDY IS COMPRISED OF AN INTERVENTION CASE MANAGEMENT ARM AND A WAITLIST CONTROL ARM. ADDITIONALLY PARTICIPANTS MAY BE SELECTED TO PARTICIPATE IN A COGNITIVE WELLNESS GROUP WHERE THEIR COGNITION IS SOLELY TRACKED OVER TIME USING THE DANA BRAIN VITAL APP. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CA2016602 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MAYO CLINIC, JACKSONVILLE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: (CA2017563) MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION JOURNAL. SUMMARY: WE PARTNER WITH BIOMED CENTRAL'S OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL, MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION (MN), WHICH IS THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF BRIGHTFOCUS. THE OPEN ACCESS PUBLISHING MODEL PROVIDES FREE ARTICLES TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC, AS WELL AS SCIENTISTS, CLINICIANS, AND OTHER HEALTHCARE PRACTITIONERS. MN PUBLISHES PEER-REVIEWED, ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON THE CAUSES OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES, SUCH AS ALZHEIMER'S OR PARKINSON AND ON THE PRE-CLINICAL TESTING OF POTENTIAL THERAPIES FOR THESE DEVASTATING DISEASES. MN HAS AN IMPACT SCORE OF 6.510, MEANING THE JOURNAL IS NOW THE HIGHEST RANKING OPEN ACCESS NEUROSCIENCE JOURNAL IN THE JOURNAL CITATION REPORTS.
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: HUMAN COMPUTATION INSTITUTE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH BY PIETRO MICHELUCCI, PHD ENTITLED: (CA2016629) CROWD-POWERED MICROVASCULAR MODELING. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/CA2016629 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY MATTHEW VAN HOOK, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017027) EARLY MELANOPSIN GANGLION CELL DYSFUNCTION IN GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS DISEASE OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED PRESSURE IN THE EYE THAT CAUSES BLINDNESS WHEN THE NERVE CELLS (CALLED RETINAL GANGLION CELLS, OR RGCS) CARRYING INFORMATION FROM THE EYE TO THE BRAIN DIE. ONE PARTICULAR GROUP OF RGCS, CALLED MELANOPSIN RGCS, PLAYS CRITICAL ROLES IN REGULATING OF SLEEP, MOOD, AND PUPIL CONSTRICTION AND IT IS LIKELY THAT THEIR FUNCTION IS ALTERED DURING GLAUCOMA. THIS PROJECT SEEKS TO DETERMINE HOW MELANOPSIN RGC PERFORMANCE AND SIGNALING TO THE BRAIN ARE ALTERED AT EARLY STAGES OF GLAUCOMA, AFTER INCREASES IN EYE PRESSURE BUT BEFORE RGCS DIE. THIS WILL HELP DOCTORS UNDERSTAND SOME OF THE EARLIEST SIGNS OF GLAUCOMA AND DEVELOP WAYS TO DETECT THE DISEASE AT ITS EARLIEST STAGES AND PREVENT BLINDNESS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017027 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY FENGQUAN ZHOU, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017037) REPROGRAMMING RETINAL GANGLION CELLS FOR AXON REGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE PROPOSED STUDY AIMS TO STUDY TWO NOVEL APPROACHES FOR PROMOTING LONG DISTANCE OPTIC NERVE REGENERATION. BASED ON OUR COMPLETED GENETIC STUDY, WE WILL FIRST TEST IF PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITION OF THE IDENTIFIED PROTEIN VIA DIRECT EYE INJECTION CAN PROMOTE LONG DISTANCE OPTIC NERVE REGENERATION. BASED ON STRONG PRELIMINARY DATA, WE WILL DETERMINE IF MANIPULATION OF ANOTHER NOVEL GENE CAN INDUCE LONG DISTANCE OPTIC NERVE REGENERATION. THE PROJECT WILL NOT ONLY IDENTIFY A POTENTIAL TRANSLATIONAL APPROACH FOR PROMOTING OPTIC NERVE REGENERATION, BUT ALSO OPEN A NEW AVENUE FOR IDENTIFYING NOVEL GENE TARGETS THAT CAN BE MANIPULATED TO ENHANCE OPTIC NERVE REGENERATION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017037 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: BOSTON MEDICAL CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY JI YI, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017077) EXPLORATION OF OPTICAL MARKERS FOR GLAUCOMA EARLY DETECTION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS AN EYE DISEASE THAT AFFECTS MILLIONS OF AMERICAN'S VISION. THE BEST WAY TO SLOW AND STOP THE DISEASE IS TO DETECT IT EARLY; HOWEVER, EXISTING METHODS ARE INSUFFICIENT TO DO SO. WE PLAN TO DEVELOP A NEW OPTICAL IMAGING TECHNOLOGY TO EXAMINE THE EYE, WHICH IS VERY SENSITIVE TO EARLY GLAUCOMA SO THAT WE CAN USE IT FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS. THIS PROJECT NOT ONLY MAY BENEFIT MANY PEOPLE BY PREVENTING THEIR BLINDNESS, BUT ALSO COULD ENHANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING IN HOW THIS DISEASE DEVELOPS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017077
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ETHAN ROSSI, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017082) IN VIVO IMAGING OF INDIVIDUAL RETINAL GANGLION CELLS IN GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: VISION LOSS IN GLAUCOMA IS DUE TO THE DEATH OF A TYPE OF NERVE CELL IN THE EYE THAT IS NEARLY TRANSPARENT AND THAT HAS PROVEN VERY DIFFICULT TO IMAGE. WE RECENTLY DEVISED A WAY TO SEE THESE CELLS IN THE LIVING EYE. OUR PROJECT WILL IMPROVE THIS TOOL AND DEVELOP A NEW ONE THAT WE WILL USE TO LOOK AT THESE CELLS IN PEOPLE WITH GLAUCOMA FOR THE FIRST TIME. THIS WILL ALLOW US TO SEE THE EARLIEST CHANGES TO THESE CELLS, TRACK HOW THEY CHANGE OVER TIME AND MONITOR THEIR RESPONSE TO TREATMENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017082 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY TOBIAS ELZE, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017111) COMPUTATIONAL INVESTIGATION OF GLAUCOMA PROGRESSION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS ACCOMPANIED BY TYPICAL FUNCTIONAL VISION LOSS, SO-CALLED VISUAL FIELD DEFECTS, WHICH MAY PROGRESS OVER TIME, WHICH IS WHY VISUAL FIELDS OF GLAUCOMA PATIENTS ARE REGULARLY MEASURED. HOWEVER, THESE MEASUREMENTS ARE NOISY, AND IT IS OFTEN HARD FOR CLINICAL PRACTITIONERS TO DECIDE WHETHER CHANGES OVER TIME REFLECT TRUE CHANGES OF FUNCTIONAL VISION OR ARE THE RESULT OF NORMAL MEASUREMENT VARIATIONS OR ARTIFACTS. THE AIM OF THIS PROJECT IS TO INVESTIGATE THE SPATIAL CONFIGURATION OF GLAUCOMATOUS VISUAL FIELD DEFECTS BY A COMBINATION OF MATHEMATICAL ALGORITHMS AND CLINICAL EXPERTISE AND TO IDENTIFY PATTERNS OF DISEASE PROGRESSION. THE RESULTING QUANTITATIVE MODELS WILL BE IMPLEMENTED AS A SOFTWARE WHICH CALCULATES, FOR A GIVEN PATIENT MEASUREMENT OF THE PROBABILITY OF IF, HOW, AND HOW QUICKLY VISION LOSS IS EXPECTED TO PROGRESS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017111 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY LINDA ZANGWILL, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017122) THE ROLE OF MICROVASCULATURE IN THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: NUMEROUS STUDIES HAVE SUGGESTED THAT VASCULAR FACTORS (BLOOD SUPPLY) ARE INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GLAUCOMA, BUT IT IS CURRENTLY NOT KNOWN WHETHER A REDUCTION IN BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE EYE IS A CAUSE OR AN EFFECT OF THE GLAUCOMA DISEASE PROCESS. RECENT ADVANCES IN IMAGING TECHNOLOGY HAVE MADE VISUALIZATION AND MEASUREMENT OF THE RETINAL BLOOD SUPPLY POSSIBLE DURING ROUTINE EYE EXAMS. THIS PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL RESEARCH STUDY WILL INVESTIGATE WHETHER CHANGES IN THE RETINAL BLOOD SUPPLY PRECEDE OR FOLLOW OTHER STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL CHANGES IN GLAUCOMA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017122 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY WEIMING MAO, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017151) CRISPR INTERFERENCE-MEDIATED INHIBITION OF TGF BETA 2 IN THE TRABECULAR MESHWORK. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE MOST IMPORTANT RISK FACTOR AND TREATMENT TARGET OF GLAUCOMA IS ELEVATED PRESSURE INSIDE THE EYE. CURRENT DRUGS THAT LOWER EYE PRESSURE DO NOT TREAT THE PATHOLOGY OF GLAUCOMA, AND THEREFORE THEY TEND TO LOSE EFFECT AFTER PROLONGED TREATMENT. MANY STUDIES SHOWED THAT HIGH LEVELS OF TGF BETA 2 CAUSES HIGH EYE PRESSURE. OUR PROPOSED STUDY AIM TO USE A NOVEL TECHNOLOGY CALLED CRISPR INTERFERENCE TO CORRECT THOSE ABNORMAL PROTEIN MODIFICATIONS AND RETURN THE HIGH TGF BETA 2 LEVEL TO NORMAL. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017151
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE JACKSON LABORATORY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY KRISH KIZHATIL, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017152) DETERMINING THE NEURONAL CONTROL OF INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS A DEVASTATING NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE THAT CAUSES BLINDNESS. GLAUCOMA RESULTS FROM INCREASED PRESSURE IN THE EYE, HOWEVER THE MECHANISTIC BASIS OF THE PRESSURE INCREASE IS LARGELY UNDETERMINED. NEURONS INNERVATING THE EYE PLAY A ROLE IN CONTROLLING PRESSURE BUT AGAIN THE SPECIFIC MECHANISMS ARE NOT CLEAR. WE WILL DETERMINE THE MECHANISTIC BASIS OF NEURONAL CONTROL OF EYE PRESSURE SUING MICE AND MODERN IMAGING AND MOLECULAR METHODS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017152 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: DEVERS EYE INSITUTE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY BRAD FORTUNE, OD, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017170) EARLY-STAGE AXON DAMAGE: ACTIVE TRANSPORT AND CYTOSKELETAL ULTRASTRUCTURE WITHIN INDIVIDUAL AXONS OF GLAUCOMATOUS NON-HUMAN PRIMATE EYES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: CURRENT CLINICAL GOLD-STANDARD METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY OF NERVE FIBERS DAMAGED BY GLAUCOMA ARE ONLY ABLE TO DETECT COMPLETE LOSS OF THOSE FIBERS FROM THE RETINAL LAYER WITHIN THE EYE WHERE THEY ARE NORMALLY LOCATED. BY THE TIME SUCH LOSS IS DETECTED, IT IS TOO LATE TO RESCUE THOSE FIBERS OR THE SIGNALS ABOUT VISION THEY HAD PREVIOUSLY CARRIED TO THE BRAIN. IN ORDER TO PREVENT LOSS OF THOSE FIBERS AND THE VISION THEY CARRY, MORE SENSITIVE TECHNIQUES ARE NEEDED TO DETECT SUBTLER ABNORMALITIES THAT OCCUR AT AN EARLIER STAGE OF INJURY FROM GLAUCOMA. WE SEEK IN THIS PROPOSAL TO DETERMINE WHETHER A PARTICULAR TYPE OF IMAGING IS CAPABLE OF REPORTING ON THE INTEGRITY OF SUB-MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURES WITHIN OPTIC NERVE FIBERS AT AN EARLY STAGE OF DAMAGE PRECEDING THEIR COMPLETE DEGENERATION AND LOSS FROM THE EYE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017170 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY ANDRAS KOMAROMY, DVM, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017185) GENE THERAPY IN CANINE PRIMARY OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GLAUCOMA IS A PROGRESSIVE DISEASE THAT TARGETS A SPECIFIC TYPE OF NEURON IN THE RETINA CALL THE "RETINAL GANGLION CELL". THE LOSS OF THESE CELLS CAUSES BLINDNESS. WHILE GLAUCOMA IS ASSOCIATED WITH ELEVATED PRESSURE WITHIN THE EYE, LOWERING THIS PRESSURE WILL ONLY DELAY DEVELOPMENT OF GLAUCOMA. EVENTUALLY, THE DISEASE WILL CONTINUE TO PROGRESS EVEN THOUGH THE PRESSURE WITHIN THE EYE IS LOWERED. THIS RESEARCH PROJECT WILL TEST A NEW FORM OF TREATMENT FOR GLAUCOMA THAT USES A NOVEL GENE THERAPY APPROACH TO PROTECT RETINAL NEURONS AND STOP GLAUCOMA FROM DEVELOPING, EVEN IN THE PRESENCE OF ELEVATED INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017185 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY GULAB ZODE, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017199) TARGETING ER STRESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF STEROID AND MYOCILIN GLAUCOMA. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: ELEVATION OF EYE PRESSURE CAN LEAD TO BLINDNESS IN HUMANS. THE TRABECULAR MESHWORK TISSUE, WHICH CONTROLS EYE PRESSURE, IS DAMAGED IN GLAUCOMA, THUS RAISING EYE PRESSURE. OUR RECENT WORK IDENTIFIED THAT ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS TO THE TRABECULAR MESHWORK CELLS IS INVOLVED IN ELEVATION OF EYE PRESSURE. SPECIFICALLY, WE DISCOVERED THAT TWO MOLECULES ATF4 AND CHOP ARE INVOLVED IN THIS PROCESS. IN THIS PROPOSAL, WE WILL TEST WHETHER INHIBITION OF THESE MOLECULES, VIA NEW DRUG, LOWERS EYE PRESSURE USING MICE AND CULTURED TRABECULAR MESHWORK CELLS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017199
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT HEALTH CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY FELIKS (EPHRAIM) TRAKHTENBERG, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017204) THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF RETINAL GANGLION CELL AXON GROWTH AND REGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE BIOLOGICAL MOLECULAR MECHANISMS CONTROLLING THE GROWTH OF CONNECTIONS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ARE STILL POORLY UNDERSTOOD. THE INABILITY OF THE EYE TO REGENERATE SUCH CONNECTIONS TO THE BRAIN IS THE KEY REASON WHY VISION LOST AFTER DAMAGE TO THE OPTIC NERVE IN A DISEASE SUCH AS GLAUCOMA CANNOT BE RESTORED. WE PROPOSE TO IDENTIFY NOVEL BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS OF THE INTRINSIC ABILITY OF THE RETINAL CELLS FOR REGROWING SUCH CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE EYE AND THE BRAIN. THESE STUDIES COULD LEAD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THERAPEUTICS FOR RESTORING SIMPLE VISUAL ABILITIES TO THOSE WHO BECAME BLIND DUE TO ANGLE-CLOSURE GLAUCOMA AND POSSIBLY OTHER TYPES OF GLAUCOMA. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017204 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY DEREK WELSBIE, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017212) NOVEL AAV/CRISPR THERAPEUTIC FOR DLK INHIBITION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: NERVE CELLS CALLED RETINAL GANGLION CELLS FORM THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE EYE AND THE BRAIN. IN GLAUCOMA, THESE NERVE CELLS DIE AND VISION IS PERMANENTLY LOST. WE HAVE PREVIOUSLY SHOWN THAT A PROTEIN CALLED DUAL LEUCINE ZIPPER KINASE (DLK) IS CRITICAL FOR THE DEATH OF THESE CELLS. THUS, THIS PROPOSAL SEEKS TO DEVELOP A GENE THERAPY VECTOR THAT MIGHT INTERFERE WITH DLK AND PREVENT RETINAL GANGLION CELL DEATH. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017212 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: NATIONAL GLAUCOMA RESEARCH BY DOUGLAS GOULD, PHD ENTITLED: (G2017218) TESTING LENS-DERIVED SIGNALING PATHWAYS IN OCULAR DYSGENESIS. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: NORMAL EYE DEVELOPMENT IS A COMPLEX PROCESS THAT IS POORLY UNDERSTOOD. PEOPLE WITH SMALL DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECTS IN THE FRONT OF THE EYE ARE AT VERY HIGH RISK OF GOING BLIND AS CHILDREN OR YOUNG ADULTS. WE ARE STUDYING GENES INVOLVED IN NORMAL EYE DEVELOPMENT SO THAT WE MAY UNDERSTAND HOW DEFECTS LEAD TO BLINDNESS AND IF THERE ARE WAYS TO INTERVENE AND PREVENT VISION LOSS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/G2017218 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY DANIEL CHAO, MD, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017034) CHARACTERIZATION OF A ZEBRAFISH MODEL OF WET MACULAR DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY IS TO DEVELOP A NEW MODEL OF WET MACULAR DEGENERATION USING ZEBRAFISH, A COMMON PET STORE FISH. THE ADVANTAGES OF ZEBRAFISH ARE THAT THEY ARE SMALL, INEXPENSIVE, HAVE RETINAS VERY SIMILAR TO HUMANS, AND CAN BE USED FOR LARGE SCALE DRUG SCREENS. WE HAVE CHARACTERIZED A PARTICULAR ZEBRAFISH STRAIN WHICH HAS GROWTH OF ABNORMAL VESSELS IN THE RETINA, VERY SIMILAR TO WHAT HAPPENS IN WET AMD. WE WILL PERFORM DRUG SCREENS IN THIS ZEBRAFISH TO IDENTIFY DRUGS WHICH INHIBIT ABNORMAL BLOOD VESSEL GROWTH, AND MAY SHOW PROMISE AS THERAPEUTICS FOR MACULAR DEGENERATION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017034
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ASTRA DINCULESCU, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017035) THE ROLE OF BASAL C1QTNF5-S163R MUTANT DEPOSITS IN DRUSEN FORMATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR AMD. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS A MULTIFACTORIAL DISEASE THAT CAUSES BLINDNESS IN THE ELDERLY POPULATION. IT IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE PRESENCE OF ABNORMAL, THICK EXTRACELLULAR DEPOSITS THAT BLOCK THE NUTRIENTS AND OXYGEN TO THE PHOTORECEPTORS IN THE EYE, CAUSING VISION LOSS. THIS PROPOSAL IS BASED ON THE IDEA THAT THESE DEPOSITS ARE A RESULT OF MULTIPLE, SIMULTANEOUS STRESSORS THAT LEAD TO CELL DEATH. OUR GOAL IS TO UNDERSTAND THE FORMATION AND MOLECULAR COMPOSITION OF THESE EXTRACELLULAR DEPOSITS, IN ORDER TO DEVELOP A STRATEGY TO ELIMINATE THEM, AND PRESERVE VISION IN HUMAN PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017035 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE JACKSON LABORATORY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY PATSY NISHINA, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017042) THE ROLE OF THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX IN POSTERIOR EYE DISEASES. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: GENES ARE MADE UP OF PRECISE BUILDING BLOCKS (I.E. IMAGINE SQUARE BLOCKS STACKED TOGETHER IN AN ORDERLY FASHION). SOMETIMES THERE ARE DIFFERENCES IN THESE BUILDING BLOCKS BETWEEN PEOPLE, SOME MAY CAUSE DISEASE (I.E. SHAPED LIKED A TRIANGLE RATHER THAN SQUARE, CAUSING THE STACK TO BE UNSTABLE) BUT OTHERS MAY JUST BE A BENIGN CHANGE (I.E. COLOR CHANGE FROM RED TO ORANGE). OUR GOAL IS TO DETERMINE WHICH CHANGE IS DISEASE CAUSING AND THEN TO TAKE THAT VARIANT AND CREATE A MOUSE MODEL THAT CARRIES THE DISEASE CAUSING CHANGE. THIS MOUSE MODEL THEN CAN BE USED TO STUDY WHAT THE CHANGE IN BUILDING BLOCK DOES IN THE EYE, HOW IT LEADS TO DISEASE, AND IT CAN ALSO BE USED TO TEST DIFFERENT TREATMENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017042 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY MICHAEL PAULAITIS, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017060) ROTE OF EXOSOMAL MIRNAS IN RPE CELL MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION IN EARLY AMD. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: RETINAL PHYSICIANS HAVE WITNESSED THE DETRIMENTAL IMPACT OF VISION LOSS ON AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) PATIENTS. THE DECREASE IN QUALITY OF LIFE FROM EARLY AMD IS SIMILAR TO THAT CAUSED BY HIV, AND WITH ADVANCED AMD, OF METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER WITH UNCONTROLLABLE PAIN. DUE TO THESE VISUAL CHANGES IN EARLY AMD, PATIENTS HAVE AS MUCH ANXIETY FROM THE THREAT OF LOSING VISION AS THEY DO FROM BEING BLIND, IN PART, BECAUSE THERE IS NO TREATMENT TO HALT OR RESTORE VISION IN AMD. THE NOVEL CONCEPTS PUT FORTH IN THIS STUDY OF SMALL MOLECULES CALLED "MICRORNAS AND WHAT THEY CAN TELL US ABOUT MITOCHONDRIA DISORDERS IN CELLS OF THE RETINA HOLD GREAT PROMISE OF DISCOVERING NEW INSIGHTS INTO HOW AMD DEVELOPS UPON WHICH NEW TREATMENTS CAN BE DESIGNED TO SAVE OR IMPROVE VISION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017060 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY BINXING LI, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017066) MECHANISM OF SR-BI-MEDIATED MACULAR CAROTENOID TRANSPORT. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: SUPPLEMENTATION OF MACULAR CAROTENOIDS CAN PROTECT HUMAN RETINA AGAINST AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD), A LEADING CAUSE OF BLINDNESS IN U.S. HOWEVER, THE RELEVANT MECHANISM OF MACULAR CAROTENOID TRANSPORT IS STILL REMAIN UNKNOWN BECAUSE THERE HAS BEEN NO APPROPRIATE SMALL ANIMAL CAPABLE OF ACCUMULATING CAROTENOID IN THEIR RETINAS. MORE RECENTLY, WE DISCOVERED THAT MICE DEFICIENT IN BCO2, A CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE ENZYME, CAN DEPOSIT CAROTENOID IN THEIR RETINAS, AND WE PLAN TO USE THIS MOUSE MODEL TO STUDY THE BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISM UNDERLYING MACULAR CAROTENOID TRANSPORT MEDIATED BY SR-BI, A CRITICAL CAROTENOID TRANSPORTER. THE RESULTS MAY LEAD TO NEW TREATMENTS AND THERAPIES TO PREVENT AMD USING CAROTENOIDS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017066
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY CLAUDIO PUNZO, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017071) ROLE OF PHOTORECEPTORS IN AMD. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS ONE OF THE LEADING CAUSES FOR BLINDNESS IN THE ELDERLY POPULATION OF THE INDUSTRIALIZED WORLD. BESIDES AGING OF THE BODY, WHAT CAUSES THE DISEASE TO OCCUR IN A CERTAIN PERCENTAGE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE IS NOT UNDERSTOOD, WHICH MAKES IT DIFFICULT TO DEVELOP THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES. BASED ON A NEW PARADIGM SHIFTING IDEA ON HOW AMD DEVELOPS, WE HAVE GENERATED A NEW MOUSE MODEL FOR THE DISEASE THAT FOR THE FIRST TIME SHOWS A NATURAL PROGRESSION OF MOST OF THE CLINICAL PATHOLOGIES FOUND IN HUMANS INCLUDING GEOGRAPHIC ATROPHY AND WET AMD. OUR NEW MOUSE MODEL OF AMD ALLOWS US, FOR THE FIRST TIME, TO STUDY HOW AMD DEVELOPS, WHICH WILL HELP US WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW RATIONAL THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017071 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY TREVOR MCGILL, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017073) CHARACTERIZATION OF THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG A2E, LIPOFUSCIN, AND MACULAR PIGMENTS IN A PRIMATE MODEL OF AMD. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF LEGAL BLINDNESS IN THE ELDERLY IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND A LEADING CAUSE OF BLINDNESS WORLDWIDE. THE TYPICAL AMERICAN DIET IS LOW IN NUTRITIONAL FACTORS THAT MAY REDUCE THE RISK OR SEVERITY OF AMD. THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DETERMINE THE CONSEQUENCES OF DEPRIVATION OF THESE NUTRIENTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGE-RELATED RETINAL DISEASE, AND DETERMINE THE MECHANISMS BY WHICH THIS OCCURS. THE RESULTS OF THESE STUDIES WILL PROVIDE DIRECT EVIDENCE FOR THE IMPORTANCE OF THESE NUTRITIONAL FACTORS IN MAINTAINING RETINAL HEALTH AND PREVENTING ADVANCED RETINAL DISEASE, AND MAY REVEAL NEW OPTIONS FOR THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017073 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI, MILLER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY GAOFENG WANG, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017081) EPIGENETIC PREVENTION OF AMD PROGRESSION BY VITAMIN C. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: CURRENTLY, THE FIRST LINE TREATMENTS FOR WET AGE RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS TO BLOCK THE FUNCTION OF VEGF, A MAJOR FACTOR PROMOTING THE GROWTH OF NEW BLOOD VESSELS IN THE EYE. BESIDES THE HIGH COSTS, THESE TREATMENTS NEED INJECTIONS INTO THE EYEBALL USING SYRINGES, WHICH IS COMPLICATED AND CAN BE DANGEROUS. BASED ON A NOVEL FINDING OF ASCORBATE (VITAMIN C) IN REGULATING THE FUNCTION OF THE GENOME FROM OUR LAB, THIS RESEARCH PLANS TO INHIBIT THE PRODUCTION OF VEGF IN THE EYE, THUS BLOCKING ITS FUNCTION. SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION OF THIS RESEARCH WILL HELP DEVELOP AN ASCORBATE TREATMENT, WHICH IS INEXPENSIVE AND READILY AVAILABLE, FOR AMD PATIENTS TO DELAY AND/OR PREVENT DISEASE PROGRESSION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017081 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY CRISTHIAN ILDEFONSO, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017126) LOCAL AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION IN A MOUSE MODEL OF RPE-OXIDATIVE DAMAGE. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: MACULAR DEGENERATION IS A LEADING CAUSE OF BLINDNESS AMONG THE OLDER POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND OTHER DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. INFLAMMATION HAS BEEN LINKED TO AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. MY RESEARCH GOAL IS TO IMPROVE A MOUSE MODEL OF THIS DISEASE BY INTRODUCING PRO-INFLAMMATORY CUES, AND TO TEST A METHOD OF DECREASING INFLAMMATION IN THE EYE TO TEST THE IDEA THAT LOCALIZED CONTROL OF INFLAMMATION COULD HELP PROTECT VISION. IF SUCCESSFUL, THIS METHOD COULD ALSO BE TESTED IN OTHER DISEASES LINKED TO AGING AND INFLAMMATION LIKE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017126
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: TUFTS UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY SHELDON ROWAN, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017147) ROLE OF THE GUT MICROBIOTA IN A MOUSE MODEL OF AMD. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: WE UNDERSTAND NOW THAT MOST OF THE RISK FOR DEVELOPING AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) COMES FROM ENVIRONMENTAL CAUSES, PARTICULARLY OUR DIETS AND NUTRITION. HOWEVER, WE DON'T KNOW WHY THESE DIETARY FACTORS CHANGE THE RISK OF AMD OR HOW THEY AFFECT OUR BODIES. ONE POSSIBILITY IS THAT OUR DIETS ARE ACTUALLY AFFECTING THE COMPOSITION AND FUNCTION OF THE MICRO-ORGANISMS THAT LIVE WITHIN OUR BODY, PARTICULARLY OUR GUTS, COLLECTIVELY KNOWN AS THE MICROBIOME. THIS PROPOSAL WILL DIRECTLY TEST THE IDEA THAT BACTERIA IN OUR GUTS ALTER THE LIKELIHOOD AND DEGREE TO WHICH MICE FED A POOR DIET DEVELOP AMD BY EITHER KILLING BACTERIA WITH ANTIBIOTICS, OR MOVING THEM FROM ONE MOUSE TO ANOTHER. WE WILL NOT ONLY EVALUATE THE EYE FOR DISEASE, BUT ALSO MEASURE A LARGE NUMBER OF MOLECULES IN THE URINE THAT MAY BE USED AS A FOUNDATION FOR FUTURE MEDICAL TESTS FOR AMD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017147 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL, HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY JING CHEN, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017161) TARGETING REV-ERB ALPHA TO PRESERVE RPE/PHOTORECEPTOR IN AMD. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF IRREVERSIBLE VISION LOSS IN THE ELDERLY RESULTING FROM DEATH OF CELLS CRITICAL FOR VISION: RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIAL CELLS (RPE) AND PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. CURRENTLY THERE IS NO TREATMENT TO PREVENT OR SLOW THE LOSS OF THESE CELLS IN DRY AMD PATIENTS. THIS WORK AIMS TO INVESTIGATE MECHANISTICALLY THE MOLECULAR PROCESSES THROUGH WHICH DYSREGULATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IMPAIRS RPE AND PHOTORECEPTOR CELLULAR METABOLISM AND THEIR SURVIVAL IN AMD. NOVEL ACTIVATORS OF THIS MOLECULAR PATHWAY WILL BE EVALUATED IN A PRE-CLINICAL ANIMAL MODEL OF AMD TO DETERMINE IF TREATMENT IS EFFECTIVE IN PREVENTING OR SLOWING THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMD-LIKE PATHOLOGIES. FINDINGS FROM THIS WORK WILL IDENTIFY A NOVEL DRUG TARGET FOR DEVELOPING POTENTIAL THERAPIES FOR PREVENTING CELL DEATH AND PRESERVING VISION IN DRY AMD. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017161 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: TUFTS UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY RAJENDRA KUMAR-SINGH, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017175) ROLE OF COMPLEMENT AND THERAPY FOR AMD. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: A PART OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM KNOWN AS COMPLEMENT IS KNOWN TO BE ACTIVATED AND IS THE UNDERLYING CAUSE OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IN A VERY SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF AMD PATIENTS. ALTHOUGH THERE ARE MANY ANIMAL MODELS OF AMD, THERE ARE ALMOST NONE THAT EXHIBIT DISEASE SIMILAR TO THAT OF HUMANS SPECIFICALLY BECAUSE OF ACTIVATION OF THE COMPLEMENT SYSTEM. WE HAVE RECENTLY DEVELOPED SUCH AN ANIMAL MODEL AND HERE WE PROPOSE TO USE THIS MODEL TO STUDY THE ROLE OF COMPLEMENT IN AMD AS WELL AS DEVELOP A GENE THERAPY FOR AMD. UPON COMPLETION OF THESE STUDIES WE WILL HAVE A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE ROLE OF COMPLEMENT IN AMD AS WELL AS HAVE PROOF OF PRINCIPLE FOR A GENE THERAPY FOR AMD--INFORMATION THAT IS NECESSARY TOWARDS PRECLINICAL SAFETY TESTING AND PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT FOR AN AMD THERAPY IN HUMANS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017175 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: DUKE UNIVERSITY EYE CENTER. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY DANIEL SABAN, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017183) ROLE OF BONA FIDE MICROGLIA IN RETINAL DEGENERATION. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: THE DETERIORATION OF LIGHT-SENSING NERVES OF THE RETINA CONTRIBUTES TO VISION LOSS IN PATIENTS WITH AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IS THOUGHT TO CONTRIBUTE TO THIS DETERIORATION, BUT HOW THIS IS ACCOMPLISHED REMAINS ELUSIVE. OUR GRANT SEEKS TO IDENTIFY THE SPECIFIC IMMUNE CELL TYPE THAT CONTRIBUTES TO VISION LOSS, AND TO DEVISE A STRATEGY THAT NEUTRALIZES SUCH CELLS TO ULTIMATELY HELP PRESERVE VISION IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017183
SCHEDULE I, PART II, LINE 1, COLUMN (H):	NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY YAN CHEN, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017186) METABOLIC REGULATION BY MECHANISTIC TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN IN THE RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: EVERY MORNING WHEN WE OPEN OUR EYES TO SEE THE WORLD AROUND US, THE NEURONS IN OUR RETINA BEGIN TO WORK. THEIR INTENSE WORK LOAD DEMANDS HIGH ENERGY. THE RETINAL NEURONS RELY ON THEIR SUPPORTING CELLS, SUCH AS RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM, TO PROVIDE THEM WITH THE ENERGY FUEL. IN THIS PROJECT WE WILL STUDY THE MECHANISMS OF ENERGY PRODUCTION AND REGULATION, IN BOTH HEALTHY AND DISEASED EYES. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017186 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: STANFORD UNIVERSITY. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY PHILIPPE MOURRAIN, PHD ENTITLED: (M2017209) DEEPLY CONSERVED GWAS SNPS REVEAL A REGULATORY MUTATION UNDERLYING AMD. INVESTIGATOR'S SUMMARY: AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IS ONE OF THE LEADING CAUSES OF BLINDNESS IN THE WORLD BUT ITS GENETICS IS STILL UNCLEAR. MOST OF THE DNA VARIATIONS IDENTIFIED IN AMD PATIENTS ARE FOUND OUTSIDE OF THE GENES AND IT IS EXTREMELY HARD TO KNOW WHETHER THESE VARIANTS ARE ACTUAL MUTATIONS AND WHAT GENES THEY AFFECT. WE HAVE FOUND THAT SOME OF THESE VARIANTS ARE LOCATED IN GENOME REGIONS CONSERVED DOWN TO THE ZEBRAFISH AND SURROUNDED BY THE SAME NEIGHBORHOOD OF GENES. THIS CONSERVATION ALLOWS US TO VISUALIZE IN THIS TRANSPARENT GENETIC VERTEBRATE MODEL WHETHER THESE VARIANTS ARE JUST NEUTRAL OR IF THEY DISRUPT THE REGULATION OF ONE THE NEIGHBOR GENES, THUS REVEALING THE ACTUAL GENE AFFECTED IN AMD HUMAN PATIENTS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE BRIGHTFOCUS WEBSITE: WWW.BRIGHTFOCUS.ORG/GRANT/M2017209 NAME OF ORGANIZATION OR GOVERNMENT: HELEN KELLER FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH & EDUCATION. (H) PURPOSE OF GRANT: MACULAR DEGENERATION RESEARCH BY ENTITLED: HELEN KELLER PRIZE FOR VISION RESEARCH PARTNERSHIP. SUMMARY: THE HELEN KELLER PRIZE FOR VISION RESEARCH RECOGNIZES SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPISHMENTS IN VISION RESEARCH, AND PROVIDES FUNDS FOR CONTINUANCE OF THOSE STUDIES.

Schedule R IRS990ScheduleR

Id Disregarded Entities IdDisregardedEntitiesGrp (2 entries)

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NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT LLC
22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	CLARKSBURG	MD	20871	237337229	PROPERTY RENTAL AND MANAGEMENT	MD	$524,970	$4,462,597	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION
AMERICAN HEALTH ASSISTANCE LLC
22512 GATEWAY CENTER DRIVE	CLARKSBURG	MD	20871	237337229	OWNER OF BRIGHTFOCUS HEADQUARTERS	MD	$0	$3,954,385	BRIGHTFOCUS FOUNDATION