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CENTER FOR JEWISH FAMILY LIFE INC: Form 990, tax year 2014

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization
CENTER FOR JEWISH FAMILY LIFE INC (EIN 20-1433994)
Tax period
2014-01-01 to 2014-12-31
Filed
2015-07-22
IRS object ID
201512039349300971
Schema version
2014v5.0
Source
Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header ReturnHeader

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return2015-07-22T15:32:00-05:00ReturnTs
Tax Period End2014-12-31TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN132839033PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1BILLET FEIT & PREIS PCBusinessNameLine1Txt

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line142 BROADWAY SUITE 1815AddressLine1Txt
CityNEW YORKCityNm
State AbbreviationNYStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP10004ZIPCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return Type990ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin2014-01-01TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
EIN201433994EIN

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1THE CENTER FOR JEWISH FAMILY LIFE INCBusinessNameLine1Txt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name ControlCENTBusinessNameControlTxt
Phone8454262243PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line156 BRIARCLIFF DRIVEAddressLine1Txt
CityMONSEYCityNm
State AbbreviationNYStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP10952ZIPCd

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
PersonJACOB HOROWITZPersonNm
Person TitleDIRECTORPersonTitleTxt
Phone8454262243PhoneNum
Signature2015-07-06SignatureDt
Discuss With Paid PreparerYes (1)DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Preparer PersonELIHU D BAERPreparerPersonNm
PTINP00122903PTIN
Phone2124253300PhoneNum
Preparation2015-06-12PreparationDt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Tax2014TaxYr
Build TS2016-02-25 16:41:14ZBuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Principal OfficerRABBI JACOB HOROWITZPrincipalOfficerNm

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line156 BRIARCLIFF DRAddressLine1Txt
CityMONSEYCityNm
State AbbreviationNYStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP10952ZIPCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts$284,598GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For Affiliates0GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3Yes (X)Organization501c3Ind
Website AddressWWW.KOSHERJEWISHPARENTING.COMWebsiteAddressTxt
Type Of Organization CorpYes (X)TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Formation2004FormationYr
Legal Domicile StateNYLegalDomicileStateCd
Activity Or MissionTHE ORGANIZATION SPONSORS A NATIONAL BIG SISTER PROGRAM TO HELP PROMOTE RESILIENCY IN OUR CHILDREN, PRODUCES EDUCATIONAL AND ABUSE PREVENTION MATERIALS, CONDUCTS NATIONWIDE PARENTING LECTURES, WORKSHOPS AND TELECONFERENCES, PROVIDES REFERRALS TO PARENTS AND CHILDREN AND SPONSORS AN INTERACTIVE PARENTING WEBSITE HTTP://WWW.KOSHERJEWISHPARENTING.COMActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body5VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent5VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee2TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Volunteers0TotalVolunteersCnt
Total Gross UBI$0TotalGrossUBIAmt
Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm$0NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt
PY Contributions Grants$229,522PYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Contributions Grants$261,223CYContributionsGrantsAmt
PY Program Service Revenue$0PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
CY Program Service Revenue$0CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
PY Investment Income$46PYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Investment Income$0CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
PY Other Revenue-$663PYOtherRevenueAmt
CY Other Revenue$6,681CYOtherRevenueAmt
PY Total Revenue$228,905PYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue$267,904CYTotalRevenueAmt
PY Grants And Similar Paid$0PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid$0CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
PY Benefits Paid To Members$0PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members$0CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid$130,506PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid$163,878CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns$0PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns$0CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense$0CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
PY Other Expenses$97,134PYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Other Expenses$113,646CYOtherExpensesAmt
PY Total Expenses$227,640PYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses$277,524CYTotalExpensesAmt
PY Revenues Less Expenses$1,265PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses-$9,620CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY$180,587TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY$169,628TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY$1,578TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY$239TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY$179,009NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY$169,389NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
Info In Schedule O Part IIIYes (X)InfoInScheduleOPartIIIInd
MissionTHE ORGANIZATION SPONSORS A NATIONAL BIG SISTER PROGRAM TO HELP PROMOTE RESILIENCY IN OUR CHILDREN, PRODUCES EDUCATIONAL AND ABUSE PREVENTION MATERIALS, CONDUCTS NATIONWIDE PARENTING LECTURES, WORKSHOPS AND TELECONFERENCES, PROVIDES REFERRALS TO PARENTS AND CHILDREN AND SPONSORS AN INTERACTIVE PARENTING WEBSITE HTTP://WWW.KOSHERJEWISHPARENTING.COMMissionDesc
Significant New Program Srvc0SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant Change0SignificantChangeInd
Expense$90,940ExpenseAmt
Revenue$40,000RevenueAmt
DescTHE ORGANIZATION SPONSORS A NATIONAL BIG SISTER PROGRAM TO HELP PROMOTE RESILIENCY IN OUR CHILDREN, PRODUCES EDUCATIONAL AND ABUSE PREVENTION MATERIALS, CONDUCTS NATIONWIDE PARENTING LECTURES, WORKSHOPS AND TELECONFERENCES, PROVIDES REFERRALS TO PARENTS AND CHILDREN AND SPONSORS AN INTERACTIVE PARENTING WEBSITE HTTP://WWW.KOSHERPARENTING.COMDesc

Prog Srvc Accom Acty Other ProgSrvcAccomActyOtherGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Expense$92,486ExpenseAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Other Prog Srvc Expense$92,486TotalOtherProgSrvcExpenseAmt
Total Program Service Expenses$183,426TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3Yes (1)DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B RequiredYes (1)ScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign Acty0PoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying Activities0LobbyingActivitiesInd
Subject To Proxy Tax0SubjectToProxyTaxInd
Donor Advised Fund0DonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation Easements0ConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of Art0CollectionsOfArtInd
Credit Counseling0CreditCounselingInd
Temp Or Permanent Endowments0TempOrPermanentEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building Equipment0ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other Sec0ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related Invst0ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other Assets0ReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other Liabilities0ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 Footnote0IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl Stmt0IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt0ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School Operating0SchoolOperatingInd
Foreign Office0ForeignOfficeInd
Foreign Activities0ForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To Org0MoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To Individuals0MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional Fundraising0ProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising Activities0FundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming Activities0GamingActivitiesInd
Operate Hospital0OperateHospitalInd
Grants To Organizations0GrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To Individuals0GrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J Required0ScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt Bonds0TaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans0EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit Trans0PYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan Outstanding0LoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related Person0GrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org Mem0BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam Mem0BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With Officer Ent0BusinessRlnWithOfficerEntInd
Deductible Non Cash Contri0DeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art Contribution0DeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate Operations0TerminateOperationsInd
Partial Liquidation0PartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded Entity0DisregardedEntityInd
Related Entity0RelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl Ent0RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org0TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted Prtshp0ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O RequiredYes (1)ScheduleORequiredInd
IRP Document2IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G0IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Employee2EmployeeCnt
Employment Tax Returns FiledYes (1)EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd
Unrelated Bus Incm Over Limit0UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Foreign Financial Account0ForeignFinancialAccountInd
Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans0ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party Notification0TaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible Contributions0NondeductibleContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contributions0QuidProQuoContributionsInd
Form8282 Property Disposed Of0Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd
Indoor Tanning Services0IndoorTanningServicesInd
Info In Schedule O Part VIYes (X)InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd
Governing Body Voting Members5GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member5IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business RlnYes (1)FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt Duties0DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org Documents0ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or Misuse0MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or Stockholders0MembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board Members0ElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To Approva0DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing BodyYes (1)MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of CommitteesYes (1)MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing Address0OfficerMailingAddressInd
Local Chapters0LocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn BodyYes (1)Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest PolicyYes (1)ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Annual Disclosure Covered PrsnYes (1)AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd
Regular Monitoring Enfrc0RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd
Whistleblower PolicyYes (1)WhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention PolicyYes (1)DocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEO0CompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process Other0CompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint Venture0InvestmentInJointVentureInd
States Where Copy Of Return Is FldNYStatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
Upon RequestYes (X)UponRequestInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1CENTER FOR JEWISH FAMILYBusinessNameLine1Txt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Phone8454262243PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line156 BRIARCLIFF DRAddressLine1Txt
CityMONSEYCityNm
State AbbreviationNYStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP10952ZIPCd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (5 entries)

TitleTitleTxtAverage Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRtIndividual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorIndReportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmtReportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmtOther CompensationOtherCompensationAmt
JACOB HOROWITZ JACOB HOROWITZ JACOB
DIRECTOR25.00Yes (X)$83,077$0$0
BARUCH HOROWITZ
SECRETARY0.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
MENDEL ZILBERBERG
DIRECTOR0.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
MARK KURZMANN
DIRECTOR0.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
MICHAEL STEIN
DIRECTOR0.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Reportable Comp From Org$83,077TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt
Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org$0TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt
Total Other Compensation$0TotalOtherCompensationAmt
Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K0IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Former Ofcr Employees Listed0FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 K0TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other Srcs0CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd
Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K0CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
All Other Contributions$261,223AllOtherContributionsAmt
Total Contributions$261,223TotalContributionsAmt
Fundraising Gross Income$23,375FundraisingGrossIncomeAmt
Fundraising Direct Expenses$16,694FundraisingDirectExpensesAmt

Net Incm From Fundraising Evt NetIncmFromFundraisingEvtGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$6,681TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion$6,681ExclusionAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$267,904TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income$0RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue$0UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion$6,681ExclusionAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Info In Schedule O Part IXYes (X)InfoInScheduleOPartIXInd

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$150,576TotalAmt
Program Services$75,288ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$75,288ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$13,302TotalAmt
Program Services$6,651ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$6,651ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Travel TravelGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$3,885TotalAmt
Program Services$3,885ProgramServicesAmt

Insurance InsuranceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$1,666TotalAmt
Management And General$1,666ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)

DescDescTotalTotalAmtProgram ServicesProgramServicesAmtManagement And GeneralManagementAndGeneralAmt
EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL$90,940$90,940
WEBSITE & INTERNET$7,138$3,569$3,569
TELEPHONE$4,000$2,000$2,000
PROFRESSIONAL FEES$3,940$215$3,725

All Other Expenses AllOtherExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$2,077TotalAmt
Program Services$878ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$1,199ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$277,524TotalAmt
Program Services$183,426ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$94,098ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$0FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$180,488BOYAmt
EOY$169,326EOYAmt

Other Assets Total OtherAssetsTotalGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$99BOYAmt
EOY$302EOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$180,587BOYAmt
EOY$169,628EOYAmt

Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$1,578BOYAmt
EOY$239EOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$1,578BOYAmt
EOY$239EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Organization Follows SFAS117Yes (X)OrganizationFollowsSFAS117Ind

Unrestricted Net Assets UnrestrictedNetAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$140,759BOYAmt
EOY$169,389EOYAmt

Temporarily Rstr Net Assets TemporarilyRstrNetAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$38,250BOYAmt
EOY$0EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$179,009BOYAmt
EOY$169,389EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$180,587BOYAmt
EOY$169,628EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss-$9,620ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Other Changes In Net Assets$0OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt
Method Of Accounting AccrualYes (X)MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd
Accountant Compile Or Review0AccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS Audited0FSAuditedInd
Federal Grant Audit Required0FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Public Organization170Yes (X)PublicOrganization170Ind

Gifts Grants Contri Rcvd170 GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$234,420CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$193,607CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$244,057CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$229,522CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$261,223CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$1,162,829TotalAmt

Total Calendar Year170 TotalCalendarYear170Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$234,420CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$193,607CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$244,057CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$229,522CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$261,223CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$1,162,829TotalAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Substantial Contributors Tot$635,968SubstantialContributorsTotAmt
Public Support Total170$526,861PublicSupportTotal170Amt

Gross Investment Income170 GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$46CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$46CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Total$92TotalAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Support$1,162,921TotalSupportAmt
Public Support CY1700.45300PublicSupportCY170Pct
Public Support PY1700.34440PublicSupportPY170Pct
Thirty Thr Pct Suprt Tests CY170Yes (X)ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY170Ind

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
ContributorRESTRICTEDContributorNum

Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1RESTRICTEDBusinessNameLine1

Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1RESTRICTEDAddressLine1
Address Line2RESTRICTEDAddressLine2
CityRESTRICTEDCity
StateRESTRICTEDState
ZIP CodeRESTRICTEDZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total ContributionsRESTRICTEDTotalContributionsAmt

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (4 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDescExplanationExplanationTxt
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 2RABBI HOROWITZ
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11COPY OF THE 990 IS GIVEN TO THE BOARD MEMBERS WHO REVIEW ALL ENTRIES ON THE RETURN
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19THESE DOCUMENTS ARE MADE AVIALABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST
FORM 990, PART IX, LINE 24EPAYROLL PROCESSING FEE: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 522. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 522. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 1,044. MISC EXPENSES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 221. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 660. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 881. GIFT EXPENSE: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 135. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 0. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 135. OFFICE: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 0. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 17. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 17.