VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE: Form 990, tax year 2013
View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗
- Organization
- VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (EIN 52-2000823)
- Tax period
- 2013-12-01 to 2014-11-30
- Filed
- 2015-10-14
- IRS object ID
- 201532879349300843
- Schema version
- 2013v4.0
- Source
- Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica
Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.
- Return header
- Form 990
- Schedule A
- Schedule B
- Schedule C
- Schedule D
- Schedule F
- Schedule I
- Schedule J
- Schedule K
- Schedule L
- Schedule M
- Schedule O
- Schedule R
Return header ReturnHeader
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Return | 2015-10-14T12:38:36-05:00 | ReturnTs |
| Tax Period End | 2014-11-30 | TaxPeriodEndDt |
Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Preparer Firm EIN | 861065772 | PreparerFirmEIN |
Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | DELOITTE TAX LLP | BusinessNameLine1 |
Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 200 RENAISSANCE CENTER STE 3900 | AddressLine1 |
| City | DETROIT | City |
| State | MI | State |
| ZIP Code | 48243 | ZIPCode |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Return Type | 990 | ReturnTypeCd |
| Tax Period Begin | 2013-12-01 | TaxPeriodBeginDt |
Filer Filer
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| EIN | 522000823 | EIN |
Business Name BusinessName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE | BusinessNameLine1 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Control | VANA | BusinessNameControlTxt |
| Phone | 6162345000 | PhoneNum |
US Address USAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 333 BOSTWICK AVENUE NE | AddressLine1 |
| City | GRAND RAPIDS | City |
| State | MI | State |
| ZIP Code | 49503 | ZIPCode |
Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Person | TIMOTHY J MYERS | PersonNm |
| Person Title | CFO | PersonTitleTxt |
| Phone | 6162345368 | PhoneNum |
| Signature | 2015-10-14 | SignatureDt |
| Discuss With Paid Preparer | Yes (1) | DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd |
Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Preparer Person | LORI BOYCE | PreparerPersonNm |
| PTIN | P00121981 | PTIN |
| Phone | 3133963000 | PhoneNum |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Tax | 2013 | TaxYr |
| Build TS | 2016-02-25 16:41:14Z | BuildTS |
Form 990 IRS990
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Principal Officer | TIMOTHY J MYERS | PrincipalOfficerNm |
US Address USAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 333 BOSTWICK AVENUE NE | AddressLine1 |
| City | GRAND RAPIDS | City |
| State | MI | State |
| ZIP Code | 49503 | ZIPCode |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Gross Receipts | $76,553,584 | GrossReceiptsAmt |
| Group Return For Affiliates | 0 | GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd |
| Organization501c3 | Yes (X) | Organization501c3Ind |
| Website Address | WWW.VAI.ORG | WebsiteAddressTxt |
| Type Of Organization Trust | Yes (X) | TypeOfOrganizationTrustInd |
| Formation | 1996 | FormationYr |
| Legal Domicile State | MI | LegalDomicileStateCd |
| Activity Or Mission | MEDICAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATION | ActivityOrMissionDesc |
| Voting Members Governing Body | 5 | VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt |
| Voting Members Independent | 3 | VotingMembersIndependentCnt |
| Total Employee | 402 | TotalEmployeeCnt |
| Total Volunteers | 0 | TotalVolunteersCnt |
| Total Gross UBI | $646,113 | TotalGrossUBIAmt |
| Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm | $158,398 | NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt |
| PY Contributions Grants | $54,068,694 | PYContributionsGrantsAmt |
| CY Contributions Grants | $67,009,142 | CYContributionsGrantsAmt |
| PY Program Service Revenue | $693,011 | PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt |
| CY Program Service Revenue | $1,460,533 | CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt |
| PY Investment Income | $64,454 | PYInvestmentIncomeAmt |
| CY Investment Income | $260,434 | CYInvestmentIncomeAmt |
| PY Other Revenue | $7,773,170 | PYOtherRevenueAmt |
| CY Other Revenue | $6,325,873 | CYOtherRevenueAmt |
| PY Total Revenue | $62,599,329 | PYTotalRevenueAmt |
| CY Total Revenue | $75,055,982 | CYTotalRevenueAmt |
| PY Grants And Similar Paid | $302,224 | PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt |
| CY Grants And Similar Paid | $201,907 | CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt |
| PY Benefits Paid To Members | $0 | PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt |
| CY Benefits Paid To Members | $0 | CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt |
| PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid | $28,311,621 | PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt |
| CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid | $29,232,885 | CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt |
| PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns | $0 | PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt |
| CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns | $0 | CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt |
| CY Total Fundraising Expense | $1,314,444 | CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt |
| PY Other Expenses | $39,419,946 | PYOtherExpensesAmt |
| CY Other Expenses | $37,139,975 | CYOtherExpensesAmt |
| PY Total Expenses | $68,033,791 | PYTotalExpensesAmt |
| CY Total Expenses | $66,574,767 | CYTotalExpensesAmt |
| PY Revenues Less Expenses | -$5,434,462 | PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt |
| CY Revenues Less Expenses | $8,481,215 | CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt |
| Total Assets BOY | $224,789,773 | TotalAssetsBOYAmt |
| Total Assets EOY | $251,725,432 | TotalAssetsEOYAmt |
| Total Liabilities BOY | $290,456,167 | TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt |
| Total Liabilities EOY | $327,697,622 | TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt |
| Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY | -$65,666,394 | NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt |
| Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY | -$75,972,190 | NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt |
| Info In Schedule O Part III | Yes (X) | InfoInScheduleOPartIIIInd |
| Mission | MEDICAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATION VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE IS AN INDEPENDENT BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATION COMMITTED TO IMPROVING THE HEALTH AND ENHANCING THE LIVES OF CURRENT AND FUTURE GENERATIONS. | MissionDesc |
| Significant New Program Srvc | Yes (1) | SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd |
| Significant Change | 0 | SignificantChangeInd |
| Expense | $9,445,653 | ExpenseAmt |
| Grant | $162,442 | GrantAmt |
| Revenue | $998,737 | RevenueAmt |
| Desc | CENTER FOR CANCER AND CELL BIOLOGY SCHEDULE O PROVIDES FURTHER INFORMATION REGARDING THIS PROGRAM'S ACCOMPLISHMENTS. | Desc |
Prog Srvc Accom Acty2 ProgSrvcAccomActy2Grp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Expense | $3,648,152 | ExpenseAmt |
| Grant | $39,465 | GrantAmt |
| Revenue | $54,077 | RevenueAmt |
| Desc | CENTER FOR EPIGENETICSSCHEDULE O PROVIDES FURTHER INFORMATION REGARDING THIS PROGRAM'S ACCOMPLISHMENTS. | Desc |
Prog Srvc Accom Acty3 ProgSrvcAccomActy3Grp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Expense | $3,523,348 | ExpenseAmt |
| Desc | CENTER FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE SCIENCESEE SCHEDULE O FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THIS PROGRAM'S ACCOMPLISHMENTS. | Desc |
Prog Srvc Accom Acty Other ProgSrvcAccomActyOtherGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Expense | $27,399,460 | ExpenseAmt |
| Revenue | $407,719 | RevenueAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Other Prog Srvc Expense | $27,399,460 | TotalOtherProgSrvcExpenseAmt |
| Total Other Prog Srvc Revenue | $407,719 | TotalOtherProgSrvcRevenueAmt |
| Total Program Service Expenses | $44,016,613 | TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt |
| Described In Section501c3 | Yes (1) | DescribedInSection501c3Ind |
| Schedule B Required | Yes (1) | ScheduleBRequiredInd |
| Political Campaign Acty | 0 | PoliticalCampaignActyInd |
| Lobbying Activities | Yes (1) | LobbyingActivitiesInd |
| Subject To Proxy Tax | 0 | SubjectToProxyTaxInd |
| Donor Advised Fund | 0 | DonorAdvisedFundInd |
| Conservation Easements | 0 | ConservationEasementsInd |
| Collections Of Art | 0 | CollectionsOfArtInd |
| Credit Counseling | 0 | CreditCounselingInd |
| Temp Or Permanent Endowments | 0 | TempOrPermanentEndowmentsInd |
| Report Land Building Equipment | Yes (1) | ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd |
| Report Investments Other Sec | 0 | ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd |
| Report Program Related Invst | 0 | ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd |
| Report Other Assets | Yes (1) | ReportOtherAssetsInd |
| Report Other Liabilities | Yes (1) | ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd |
| Include FIN48 Footnote | Yes (1) | IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd |
| Independent Audit Fincl Stmt | 0 | IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd |
| Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt | Yes (1) | ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd |
| School Operating | 0 | SchoolOperatingInd |
| Foreign Office | Yes (1) | ForeignOfficeInd |
| Foreign Activities | Yes (1) | ForeignActivitiesInd |
| More Than5000 K To Org | 0 | MoreThan5000KToOrgInd |
| More Than5000 K To Individuals | 0 | MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd |
| Professional Fundraising | 0 | ProfessionalFundraisingInd |
| Fundraising Activities | 0 | FundraisingActivitiesInd |
| Gaming Activities | 0 | GamingActivitiesInd |
| Operate Hospital | 0 | OperateHospitalInd |
| Grants To Organizations | 0 | GrantsToOrganizationsInd |
| Grants To Individuals | Yes (1) | GrantsToIndividualsInd |
| Schedule J Required | Yes (1) | ScheduleJRequiredInd |
| Tax Exempt Bonds | Yes (1) | TaxExemptBondsInd |
| Invest Tax Exempt Bonds | 0 | InvestTaxExemptBondsInd |
| Escrow Account | 0 | EscrowAccountInd |
| On Behalf Of Issuer | 0 | OnBehalfOfIssuerInd |
| Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans | 0 | EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd |
| PY Excess Benefit Trans | 0 | PYExcessBenefitTransInd |
| Loan Outstanding | Yes (1) | LoanOutstandingInd |
| Grant To Related Person | 0 | GrantToRelatedPersonInd |
| Business Rln With Org Mem | 0 | BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd |
| Business Rln With Fam Mem | 0 | BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd |
| Business Rln With Officer Ent | Yes (1) | BusinessRlnWithOfficerEntInd |
| Deductible Non Cash Contri | Yes (1) | DeductibleNonCashContriInd |
| Deductible Art Contribution | 0 | DeductibleArtContributionInd |
| Terminate Operations | 0 | TerminateOperationsInd |
| Partial Liquidation | 0 | PartialLiquidationInd |
| Disregarded Entity | Yes (1) | DisregardedEntityInd |
| Related Entity | Yes (1) | RelatedEntityInd |
| Related Organization Ctrl Ent | Yes (1) | RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd |
| Transaction With Control Ent | Yes (1) | TransactionWithControlEntInd |
| Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org | 0 | TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd |
| Activities Conducted Prtshp | 0 | ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd |
| Schedule O Required | Yes (1) | ScheduleORequiredInd |
| IRP Document | 119 | IRPDocumentCnt |
| IRP Document W2 G | 0 | IRPDocumentW2GCnt |
| Employee | 402 | EmployeeCnt |
| Employment Tax Returns Filed | Yes (1) | EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd |
| Unrelated Bus Incm Over Limit | Yes (1) | UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd |
| Form990 T Filed | Yes (1) | Form990TFiledInd |
| Foreign Financial Account | 0 | ForeignFinancialAccountInd |
| Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans | 0 | ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd |
| Taxable Party Notification | 0 | TaxablePartyNotificationInd |
| Nondeductible Contributions | 0 | NondeductibleContributionsInd |
| Quid Pro Quo Contributions | 0 | QuidProQuoContributionsInd |
| Form8282 Property Disposed Of | 0 | Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd |
| Rcv Fnds To Pay Prsnl Bnft Cntrct | 0 | RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd |
| Pay Premiums Prsnl Bnft Cntrct | 0 | PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd |
| Indoor Tanning Services | 0 | IndoorTanningServicesInd |
| Info In Schedule O Part VI | Yes (X) | InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd |
| Governing Body Voting Members | 5 | GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt |
| Independent Voting Member | 3 | IndependentVotingMemberCnt |
| Family Or Business Rln | Yes (1) | FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd |
| Delegation Of Mgmt Duties | 0 | DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd |
| Change To Org Documents | 0 | ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd |
| Material Diversion Or Misuse | 0 | MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd |
| Members Or Stockholders | 0 | MembersOrStockholdersInd |
| Election Of Board Members | Yes (1) | ElectionOfBoardMembersInd |
| Decisions Subject To Approva | 0 | DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd |
| Minutes Of Governing Body | Yes (1) | MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd |
| Minutes Of Committees | Yes (1) | MinutesOfCommitteesInd |
| Officer Mailing Address | 0 | OfficerMailingAddressInd |
| Local Chapters | 0 | LocalChaptersInd |
| Form990 Provided To Gvrn Body | Yes (1) | Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd |
| Conflict Of Interest Policy | Yes (1) | ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd |
| Annual Disclosure Covered Prsn | Yes (1) | AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd |
| Regular Monitoring Enfrc | Yes (1) | RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd |
| Whistleblower Policy | Yes (1) | WhistleblowerPolicyInd |
| Document Retention Policy | Yes (1) | DocumentRetentionPolicyInd |
| Compensation Process CEO | Yes (1) | CompensationProcessCEOInd |
| Compensation Process Other | Yes (1) | CompensationProcessOtherInd |
| Investment In Joint Venture | 0 | InvestmentInJointVentureInd |
| States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld | MI | StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd |
| Upon Request | Yes (X) | UponRequestInd |
Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail
Business Name BusinessName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | TIMOTHY J MYERS CFO | BusinessNameLine1 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Phone | 6162345368 | PhoneNum |
US Address USAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 333 BOSTWICK AVENUE NE | AddressLine1 |
| City | GRAND RAPIDS | City |
| State | MI | State |
| ZIP Code | 495032518 | ZIPCode |
Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (14 entries)
| TitleTitleTxt | Average Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRt | Average Hours Per Week Rltd OrgAverageHoursPerWeekRltdOrgRt | Individual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd | OfficerOfficerInd | Reportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmt | Reportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt | Other CompensationOtherCompensationAmt | Highest Compensated EmployeeHighestCompensatedEmployeeInd | Former Ofcr Director TrusteeFormerOfcrDirectorTrusteeInd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DAVID VAN ANDEL | |||||||||
| CHAIRMAN / CEO | 36.00 | 17.00 | Yes (X) | Yes (X) | $416,751 | $0 | $133,745 | ||
| DR GEORGE VANDE WOUDE | |||||||||
| TRUSTEE/ INVESTIGATOR | 50.00 | 0.00 | Yes (X) | $300,227 | $0 | $26,792 | |||
| DR JAMES FAHNER | |||||||||
| TRUSTEE | 1.00 | 1.00 | Yes (X) | $10,000 | $2,000 | $0 | |||
| DR GARY TARPLEY | |||||||||
| TRUSTEE | 1.00 | 0.00 | Yes (X) | $10,000 | $0 | $0 | |||
| DR RALPH WEICHSELBAUM | |||||||||
| TRUSTEE | 1.00 | 0.00 | Yes (X) | $4,500 | $0 | $0 | |||
| TIMOTHY MYERS | |||||||||
| V.P. & CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER | 50.00 | 3.00 | Yes (X) | $235,524 | $0 | $79,088 | |||
| DAVID WHITESCARVER | |||||||||
| SECRETARY/V.P. & CHIEF LEGAL OFFICER | 50.00 | 3.00 | Yes (X) | $356,220 | $0 | $128,674 | |||
| DR JANA HALL | |||||||||
| CHIEF OPERATIONS OFFICER | 50.00 | 3.00 | Yes (X) | $316,987 | $0 | $99,279 | |||
| DR H ERIC XU | |||||||||
| INVESTIGATOR | 45.00 | 0.00 | $296,596 | $0 | $53,125 | Yes (X) | |||
| DR SCOTT JEWELL | |||||||||
| INVESTIGATOR | 45.00 | 0.00 | $317,294 | $0 | $66,139 | Yes (X) | |||
| LOVE COLLINS III | |||||||||
| V.P. OF DEVELOPMENT, COMM. & MKTNG. | 45.00 | 0.00 | $292,750 | $0 | $89,544 | Yes (X) | |||
| DR PATRIK BRUNDIN | |||||||||
| VARI ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH | 45.00 | 0.00 | $475,233 | $0 | $112,798 | Yes (X) | |||
| GERALD CALLAHAN | |||||||||
| V.P. OF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT | 45.00 | 0.00 | $231,554 | $0 | $85,150 | Yes (X) | |||
| R JACK FRICK DONE 121111 | |||||||||
| CHIEF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER -FORMER | 0.00 | 0.00 | $187,705 | $0 | $0 | Yes (X) | |||
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Reportable Comp From Org | $3,451,341 | TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt |
| Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org | $2,000 | TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt |
| Total Other Compensation | $874,334 | TotalOtherCompensationAmt |
| Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K | 44 | IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt |
| Former Ofcr Employees Listed | Yes (1) | FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd |
| Total Comp Greater Than150 K | Yes (1) | TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd |
| Compensation From Other Srcs | 0 | CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd |
Contractor Compensation ContractorCompensationGrp (5 entries)
| Address Line1ContractorAddress/USAddress/AddressLine1 | CityContractorAddress/USAddress/City | StateContractorAddress/USAddress/State | ZIP CodeContractorAddress/USAddress/ZIPCode | ServicesServicesDesc | CompensationCompensationAmt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK SECURITY INC | |||||
| 5160 FALCONVIEW AVE SE | KENTWOOD | MI | 49512 | SECURITY SERVICES | $384,716 |
| HONIGMAN MILLER SCHWARTZ LLC | |||||
| 130 SOUTH FIRST ST 4TH FL | ANN ARBOR | MI | 482263506 | LEGAL/ CONSULTING | $271,701 |
| FEDERAL EXPRESS | |||||
| PO BOX 223125 | PITTSBURGH | PA | 152512125 | SHIPPING | $227,088 |
| OLYMPIA ENTERTAINMENT INC | |||||
| 2211 WOODWARD AVE 5TH | DETROIT | MI | 48201 | ADVERTISING | $225,300 |
| FAIRLY PAINLESS ADVERTISING | |||||
| 44 EAST EIGHTH STREET | HOLLAND | MI | 49423 | ADVERTISING | $218,702 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K | 19 | CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt |
| Related Organizations | $54,244,758 | RelatedOrganizationsAmt |
| Government Grants | $8,081,101 | GovernmentGrantsAmt |
| All Other Contributions | $4,683,283 | AllOtherContributionsAmt |
| Noncash Contributions | $152,911 | NoncashContributionsAmt |
| Total Contributions | $67,009,142 | TotalContributionsAmt |
Program Service Revenue ProgramServiceRevenueGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Desc | RESEARCH BILLED REV | Desc |
| Business | 541700 | BusinessCd |
| Total Revenue Column | $1,460,533 | TotalRevenueColumnAmt |
| Related Or Exempt Func Income | $851,139 | RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt |
| Unrelated Business Revenue | $609,394 | UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Program Service Revenue | $1,460,533 | TotalProgramServiceRevenueAmt |
Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Revenue Column | $255,626 | TotalRevenueColumnAmt |
| Exclusion | $255,626 | ExclusionAmt |
Royalties Revenue RoyaltiesRevenueGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Revenue Column | $491,283 | TotalRevenueColumnAmt |
| Exclusion | $491,283 | ExclusionAmt |
Gross Rents GrossRentsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Real | $1,487,416 | RealAmt |
Less Rental Expenses LessRentalExpensesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Real | $1,468,592 | RealAmt |
Rental Income Or Loss RentalIncomeOrLossGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Real | $18,824 | RealAmt |
Net Rental Income Or Loss NetRentalIncomeOrLossGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Revenue Column | $18,824 | TotalRevenueColumnAmt |
| Related Or Exempt Func Income | $18,824 | RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt |
Gross Amount Sales Assets GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other | $33,818 | OtherAmt |
Less Cost Oth Basis Sales Expnss LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other | $29,010 | OtherAmt |
Gain Or Loss GainOrLossGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other | $4,808 | OtherAmt |
Net Gain Or Loss Investments NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Revenue Column | $4,808 | TotalRevenueColumnAmt |
| Related Or Exempt Func Income | $4,808 | RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt |
Other Revenue Misc OtherRevenueMiscGrp (3 entries)
| DescDesc | BusinessBusinessCd | Total Revenue ColumnTotalRevenueColumnAmt | ExclusionExclusionAmt | Unrelated Business RevenueUnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| REL. PARTY ADMIN SUPPO | 561000 | $5,401,058 | $5,401,058 | |
| REIMBURSED EXPENSES | 900099 | $271,487 | $271,487 | |
| STATE TAX REFUNDS | 900099 | $36,719 | $36,719 |
Miscellaneous Revenue MiscellaneousRevenueGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Revenue Column | $106,502 | TotalRevenueColumnAmt |
| Exclusion | $106,502 | ExclusionAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other Revenue Total | $5,815,766 | OtherRevenueTotalAmt |
Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Revenue Column | $75,055,982 | TotalRevenueColumnAmt |
| Related Or Exempt Func Income | $874,771 | RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt |
| Unrelated Business Revenue | $646,113 | UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt |
| Exclusion | $6,525,956 | ExclusionAmt |
Grants To Domestic Individuals GrantsToDomesticIndividualsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $201,907 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $201,907 | ProgramServicesAmt |
Comp Current Ofcr Directors CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $2,384,297 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $769,206 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $1,615,091 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $21,012,535 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $11,883,978 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $8,420,804 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $707,753 | FundraisingAmt |
Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributionsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $1,716,490 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $1,035,265 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $628,557 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $52,668 | FundraisingAmt |
Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefitsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $2,903,422 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $1,751,315 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $1,061,301 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $90,806 | FundraisingAmt |
Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $1,216,141 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $733,574 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $444,428 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $38,139 | FundraisingAmt |
Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegalGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $407,217 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $63,881 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $343,336 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $105,100 | TotalAmt |
| Management And General | $105,100 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Fees For Services Lobbying FeesForServicesLobbyingGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $262,848 | TotalAmt |
| Management And General | $262,848 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOtherGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $2,711,964 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $2,024,936 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $558,301 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $128,727 | FundraisingAmt |
Advertising AdvertisingGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $1,226,668 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $4,637 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $1,079,977 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $142,054 | FundraisingAmt |
Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $99,650 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $49,654 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $49,689 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $307 | FundraisingAmt |
Information Technology InformationTechnologyGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $361,357 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $142,065 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $203,435 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $15,857 | FundraisingAmt |
Occupancy OccupancyGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $2,511,541 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $2,235,158 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $274,077 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $2,306 | FundraisingAmt |
Travel TravelGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $875,355 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $436,370 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $387,963 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $51,022 | FundraisingAmt |
Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $195,902 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $133,428 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $59,489 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $2,985 | FundraisingAmt |
Interest InterestGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $8,633,669 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $7,182,829 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $1,450,840 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletionGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $9,128,908 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $7,880,962 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $1,247,946 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Insurance InsuranceGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $438,396 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $268,277 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $170,119 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)
| DescDesc | TotalTotalAmt | Program ServicesProgramServicesAmt | Management And GeneralManagementAndGeneralAmt | FundraisingFundraisingAmt |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LAB SUPPLIES & SERVICES | $3,223,883 | $3,214,501 | $9,382 | |
| EQUIPMENT & SOFTWARE | $2,607,673 | $1,276,892 | $1,312,073 | $18,708 |
| OTHER SCIENTIFIC | $1,303,572 | $1,295,845 | $7,727 | |
| BAD DEBT EXPENSE | $523,400 | $523,400 |
All Other Expenses AllOtherExpensesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $2,522,872 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $1,431,933 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $1,027,827 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $63,112 | FundraisingAmt |
Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $66,574,767 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $44,016,613 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $21,243,710 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $1,314,444 | FundraisingAmt |
Savings And Temp Cash Invst SavingsAndTempCashInvstGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $487,783 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $12,177,780 | EOYAmt |
Pledges And Grants Receivable PledgesAndGrantsReceivableGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $2,496,299 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $2,575,159 | EOYAmt |
Accounts Receivable AccountsReceivableGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $1,841,254 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $2,523,497 | EOYAmt |
Receivables From Officers Etc ReceivablesFromOfficersEtcGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $18,355 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $9,657 | EOYAmt |
Oth Notes Loans Receivable Net OthNotesLoansReceivableNetGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $1,596,595 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $1,555,278 | EOYAmt |
Prepaid Expenses Defrd Charges PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $1,127,550 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $1,522,498 | EOYAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss | $269,164,333 | LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt |
| Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec | $75,691,793 | LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt |
Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $197,287,670 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $193,472,540 | EOYAmt |
Investments Other Securities InvestmentsOtherSecuritiesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $943,113 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $1,268,817 | EOYAmt |
Other Assets Total OtherAssetsTotalGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $18,991,154 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $36,620,206 | EOYAmt |
Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $224,789,773 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $251,725,432 | EOYAmt |
Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $26,805,514 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $44,640,472 | EOYAmt |
Deferred Revenue DeferredRevenueGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $474,750 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $2,206,247 | EOYAmt |
Tax Exempt Bond Liabilities TaxExemptBondLiabilitiesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $220,000,000 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $220,000,000 | EOYAmt |
Other Liabilities OtherLiabilitiesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $43,175,903 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $60,850,903 | EOYAmt |
Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $290,456,167 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $327,697,622 | EOYAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Organization Follows SFAS117 | Yes (X) | OrganizationFollowsSFAS117Ind |
Unrestricted Net Assets UnrestrictedNetAssetsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | -$66,813,709 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | -$78,281,142 | EOYAmt |
Temporarily Rstr Net Assets TemporarilyRstrNetAssetsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $1,143,715 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $2,215,852 | EOYAmt |
Permanently Rstr Net Assets PermanentlyRstrNetAssetsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $3,600 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $93,100 | EOYAmt |
Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | -$65,666,394 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | -$75,972,190 | EOYAmt |
Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $224,789,773 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $251,725,432 | EOYAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Info In Schedule O Part XI | Yes (X) | InfoInScheduleOPartXIInd |
| Reconcilation Revenue Expnss | $8,481,215 | ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt |
| Net Unrlzd Gains Losses Invst | $34,742 | NetUnrlzdGainsLossesInvstAmt |
| Other Changes In Net Assets | -$18,821,753 | OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt |
| Method Of Accounting Accrual | Yes (X) | MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd |
| Accountant Compile Or Review | 0 | AccountantCompileOrReviewInd |
| FS Audited | Yes (1) | FSAuditedInd |
FS Audited Basis FSAuditedBasisGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Consolidated Basis Fincl Stmt | Yes (X) | ConsolidatedBasisFinclStmtInd |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Audit Committee | Yes (1) | AuditCommitteeInd |
| Federal Grant Audit Required | Yes (1) | FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd |
| Federal Grant Audit Performed | Yes (1) | FederalGrantAuditPerformedInd |
Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Medical Research Organization | Yes (X) | MedicalResearchOrganizationInd |
Hospital Name And Address HospitalNameAndAddressGrp (2 entries)
| CityCityNm | State AbbreviationStateAbbreviationCd |
|---|---|
| SPECTRUM HEALTH | |
| GRAND RAPIDS | MI |
| TRINITY HEALTH | |
| GRAND RAPIDS | MI |
Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB
Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Contributor | RESTRICTED | ContributorNum |
Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | RESTRICTED | BusinessNameLine1 |
Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | RESTRICTED | AddressLine1 |
| Address Line2 | RESTRICTED | AddressLine2 |
| City | RESTRICTED | City |
| State | RESTRICTED | State |
| ZIP Code | RESTRICTED | ZIPCode |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Contributions | RESTRICTED | TotalContributionsAmt |
Schedule C IRS990ScheduleC
Total Direct Lobbying TotalDirectLobbyingGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Filing Organizations Total | $367,563 | FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt |
Total Lobbying Expend TotalLobbyingExpendGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Filing Organizations Total | $367,563 | FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt |
Other Exempt Purpose Expend OtherExemptPurposeExpendGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Filing Organizations Total | $66,207,204 | FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt |
Total Exempt Purpose Expend TotalExemptPurposeExpendGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Filing Organizations Total | $66,574,767 | FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt |
Lobbying Nontaxable Amount LobbyingNontaxableAmountGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Filing Organizations Total | $1,000,000 | FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt |
Grassroots Nontaxable GrassrootsNontaxableGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Filing Organizations Total | $250,000 | FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt |
Tot Lbbyng Grassroot Mns Non Tx TotLbbyngGrassrootMnsNonTxGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Filing Organizations Total | $0 | FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt |
Tot Lbby Expend Mns Lbbyng Non Tx TotLbbyExpendMnsLbbyngNonTxGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Filing Organizations Total | $0 | FilingOrganizationsTotalAmt |
Avg Lobbying Nontaxable Amount AvgLobbyingNontaxableAmountGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Current Year Minus2 | $1,000,000 | CurrentYearMinus2Amt |
| Current Year Minus1 | $1,000,000 | CurrentYearMinus1Amt |
| Current Year | $1,000,000 | CurrentYearAmt |
| Total | $3,000,000 | TotalAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Lobbying Ceiling | $4,500,000 | LobbyingCeilingAmt |
Avg Total Lobbying Expend AvgTotalLobbyingExpendGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Current Year Minus2 | $68,133 | CurrentYearMinus2Amt |
| Current Year Minus1 | $85,680 | CurrentYearMinus1Amt |
| Current Year | $367,563 | CurrentYearAmt |
| Total | $521,376 | TotalAmt |
Avg Grassroots Nontaxable AvgGrassrootsNontaxableGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Current Year Minus2 | $250,000 | CurrentYearMinus2Amt |
| Current Year Minus1 | $250,000 | CurrentYearMinus1Amt |
| Current Year | $250,000 | CurrentYearAmt |
| Total | $750,000 | TotalAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Grassroots Ceiling | $1,125,000 | GrassrootsCeilingAmt |
Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD
Land LandGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other Cost Or Other Basis | $5,288,315 | OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt |
| Book Value | $5,288,315 | BookValueAmt |
Buildings BuildingsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other Cost Or Other Basis | $219,768,174 | OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt |
| Depreciation | $43,371,435 | DepreciationAmt |
| Book Value | $176,396,739 | BookValueAmt |
Equipment EquipmentGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other Cost Or Other Basis | $41,304,971 | OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt |
| Depreciation | $32,310,457 | DepreciationAmt |
| Book Value | $8,994,514 | BookValueAmt |
Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildingsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other Cost Or Other Basis | $2,802,873 | OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt |
| Depreciation | $9,901 | DepreciationAmt |
| Book Value | $2,792,972 | BookValueAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Book Value Land Buildings | $193,472,540 | TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt |
Other Assets Org OtherAssetsOrgGrp (2 entries)
| DescDesc | Book ValueBookValueAmt |
|---|---|
| BOND ISSUANCE COSTS NET OF ACCUMULATED AMORTIZATION | $310,206 |
| PLEDGED SECURITIES | $36,310,000 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Book Value Other Assets | $36,620,206 | TotalBookValueOtherAssetsAmt |
Other Liabilities Org OtherLiabilitiesOrgGrp (4 entries)
| DescDesc | AmtAmt |
|---|---|
| ACCRUED POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT OBLIGATION | $1,956,084 |
| UNREALIZED LOSS ON INTEREST RATE SWAP | $56,314,598 |
| MSU COLLEGE OF HUMAN MEDICINE- CONTRIBUTION PAYABLE | $2,500,000 |
| CAPITAL LEASE | $80,221 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Liability | $60,850,903 | TotalLiabilityAmt |
| Footnote Text | Yes (X) | FootnoteTextInd |
| Total Rev Etc Audited Fincl Stmt | $71,409,773 | TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt |
| Net Unrealized Gains Invst | $321,600 | NetUnrealizedGainsInvstAmt |
| Other Revenue | $1,468,592 | OtherRevenueAmt |
| Revenue Not Reported | $1,790,192 | RevenueNotReportedAmt |
| Revenue Subtotal | $69,619,581 | RevenueSubtotalAmt |
| Other Revenues Not Included | $5,436,401 | OtherRevenuesNotIncludedAmt |
| Revenue Not Reported Fincl Stmt | $5,436,401 | RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt |
| Total Revenue Per Form990 | $75,055,982 | TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt |
| Tot Expns Etc Audited Fincl Stmt | $81,715,569 | TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt |
| Other Expenses Included | $20,577,203 | OtherExpensesIncludedAmt |
| Expenses Not Reported | $20,577,203 | ExpensesNotReportedAmt |
| Expenses Subtotal | $61,138,366 | ExpensesSubtotalAmt |
| Other Expenses Not Included | $5,436,401 | OtherExpensesNotIncludedAmt |
| Expenses Not Rpt Fincl Stmt | $5,436,401 | ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt |
| Total Expenses Per Form990 | $66,574,767 | TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt |
Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (7 entries)
| Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc | ExplanationExplanationTxt |
|---|---|
| PART X, LINE 2: | PART X, LINE 1(1) AND LINE 2: THERE ARE NO UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS RELATED TO VARI. |
| PART XI, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: | RENTAL EXPENSES 1,468,592. |
| PART XI, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: | NET ALLOCATED 5,401,058. STATE TAX REFUNDS 35,343. |
| PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: | LOSS ON INTERST RATE SWAP 19,108,611. RENTAL EXPENSES 1,468,592. |
| PART XII, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: | NET ALLOCATED 5,401,058. STATE TAX REFUNDS 35,343. |
| PART V | THE VAN ANDEL INSTITUTE (A RELATED ORGANIZATION) MAINTAINS ENDOWED FUNDS FOR THE BENEFIT OF BOTH VARI AND THE VAN ANDEL EDUCATION INSTITUTE (A RELATED ORGANIZATION) TO FUND OPERATING EXPENSES. |
| PART XI AND XII, LINE 4B | EXPENSE ALLOCATIONS PRESENTED WITHIN REVENUE. |
Schedule F IRS990ScheduleF
Account Activities Outside US AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp (4 entries)
| RegionRegionTxt | OfficesOfficesCnt | EmployeeEmployeeCnt | Type Of Activities ConductedTypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt | Specific Services ProvidedSpecificServicesProvidedTxt | Region Total ExpendituresRegionTotalExpendituresAmt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EAST ASIA & THE PACIFIC | 0 | 1 | PROGRAM SERVICES | RESEARCH COLLABORATION - RESEARCH SERVICES | $382,768 |
| EUROPE | 0 | 0 | PROGRAM SERVICES | REVIEW OF PAPER | $2,000 |
| EUROPE | 0 | 0 | UNRELATED TRADE OR BUSINESS | FEE FOR SERVICES | |
| EUROPE | 0 | 0 | RESEARCH SERVICES | LICENSING FEES |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Subtotal Offices | 0 | SubtotalOfficesCnt |
| Subtotal Employees | 1 | SubtotalEmployeesCnt |
| Continutation Total Office | 0 | ContinutationTotalOfficeCnt |
| Continutation Total Employee | 0 | ContinutationTotalEmployeeCnt |
| Total Office | 0 | TotalOfficeCnt |
| Total Employee | 1 | TotalEmployeeCnt |
| Subtotal Spent | $384,768 | SubtotalSpentAmt |
| Continuation Spent | $0 | ContinuationSpentAmt |
| Total Spent | $384,768 | TotalSpentAmt |
| Transfer To Foreign Corp | 0 | TransferToForeignCorpInd |
| Interest In Foreign Trust | 0 | InterestInForeignTrustInd |
| Foreign Corp Ownership | 0 | ForeignCorpOwnershipInd |
| Passive Foreign Investmest Co | 0 | PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd |
| Foreign Partnership | 0 | ForeignPartnershipInd |
| Boycott Countries | 0 | BoycottCountriesInd |
Schedule I IRS990ScheduleI
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Grant Records Maintained | Yes (1) | GrantRecordsMaintainedInd |
Grants Other Asst To Indiv In US GrantsOtherAsstToIndivInUSGrp (2 entries)
| Grant TypeGrantTypeTxt | RecipientRecipientCnt | Cash GrantCashGrantAmt | Non Cash AssistanceNonCashAssistanceAmt |
|---|---|---|---|
| GRADUATE STUDENT STIPENDS FOR MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS | 5 | $141,319 | $0 |
| FOREIGN NATIONAL STIPENDS | 12 | $60,588 |
Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Form And Line Reference | PART I, LINE 2: | FormAndLineReferenceDesc |
| Explanation | STIPENDS ARE PROVIDED TO THE RESEARCH STUDENTS FOR LIVING AND INSURANCE ASSISTANCE. | ExplanationTxt |
Schedule J IRS990ScheduleJ
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| First Class Or Charter Travel | Yes (X) | FirstClassOrCharterTravelInd |
| Written Policy Ref T And E Expnss | Yes (1) | WrittenPolicyRefTAndEExpnssInd |
| Substantiation Required | Yes (1) | SubstantiationRequiredInd |
| Compensation Committee | Yes (X) | CompensationCommitteeInd |
| Independent Consultant | Yes (X) | IndependentConsultantInd |
| Written Employment Contract | Yes (X) | WrittenEmploymentContractInd |
| Compensation Survey | Yes (X) | CompensationSurveyInd |
| Board Or Committee Approval | Yes (X) | BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd |
| Severance Payment | Yes (1) | SeverancePaymentInd |
| Supplemental Nonqual Rtr Plan | 0 | SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd |
| Equity Based Comp Arrngm | 0 | EquityBasedCompArrngmInd |
| Comp Based On Revenue Of Flng Org | 0 | CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd |
| Comp Bsd On Rev Related Orgs | 0 | CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd |
| Comp Bsd Net Earns Flng Org | 0 | CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd |
| Comp Bsd Net Earns Rltd Orgs | 0 | CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd |
| Any Non Fixed Payments | Yes (1) | AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd |
| Initial Contract Exception | 0 | InitialContractExceptionInd |
Rltd Org Officer Trst Key Empl RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp (11 entries)
| TitleTitleTxt | Base Compensation Filing OrgBaseCompensationFilingOrgAmt | Compensation Based On Rltd OrgsCompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmt | Bonus Filing OrganizationBonusFilingOrganizationAmount | Bonus Related OrganizationsBonusRelatedOrganizationsAmt | Other Compensation Filing OrgOtherCompensationFilingOrgAmt | Other Compensation Rltd OrgsOtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmt | Deferred Compensation Flng OrgDeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmt | Deferred Comp Rltd OrgsDeferredCompRltdOrgsAmt | Nontaxable Benefits Filing OrgNontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmt | Nontaxable Benefits Rltd OrgsNontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmt | Total Compensation Filing OrgTotalCompensationFilingOrgAmt | Total Compensation Rltd OrgsTotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmt | Comp Report Prior990 Filing OrgCompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmt | Comp Report Prior990 Rltd OrgsCompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DAVID VAN ANDEL | ||||||||||||||
| CHAIRMAN / CEO | $310,965 | $0 | $85,054 | $0 | $20,732 | $0 | $133,230 | $0 | $515 | $0 | $550,496 | $0 | $85,054 | $0 |
| DR GEORGE VANDE WOUDE | ||||||||||||||
| TRUSTEE/ INVESTIGATOR | $280,255 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $19,972 | $0 | $25,500 | $0 | $1,292 | $0 | $327,019 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| TIMOTHY MYERS | ||||||||||||||
| V.P. & CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER | $202,295 | $0 | $32,779 | $0 | $450 | $0 | $70,760 | $0 | $8,328 | $0 | $314,612 | $0 | $32,779 | $0 |
| DAVID WHITESCARVER | ||||||||||||||
| SECRETARY/V.P. & CHIEF LEGAL OFFICER | $261,267 | $0 | $76,243 | $0 | $18,710 | $0 | $120,346 | $0 | $8,328 | $0 | $484,894 | $0 | $51,243 | $0 |
| DR JANA HALL | ||||||||||||||
| CHIEF OPERATIONS OFFICER | $285,763 | $0 | $15,000 | $0 | $16,224 | $0 | $97,544 | $0 | $1,735 | $0 | $416,266 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| DR H ERIC XU | ||||||||||||||
| INVESTIGATOR | $275,613 | $0 | $20,533 | $0 | $450 | $0 | $44,797 | $0 | $8,328 | $0 | $349,721 | $0 | $20,533 | $0 |
| DR SCOTT JEWELL | ||||||||||||||
| INVESTIGATOR | $275,109 | $0 | $40,205 | $0 | $1,980 | $0 | $57,812 | $0 | $8,327 | $0 | $383,433 | $0 | $25,795 | $0 |
| LOVE COLLINS III | ||||||||||||||
| V.P. OF DEVELOPMENT, COMM. & MKTNG. | $251,626 | $0 | $39,834 | $0 | $1,290 | $0 | $81,217 | $0 | $8,327 | $0 | $382,294 | $0 | $39,834 | $0 |
| DR PATRIK BRUNDIN | ||||||||||||||
| VARI ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH | $395,776 | $0 | $65,000 | $0 | $14,457 | $0 | $105,165 | $0 | $7,633 | $0 | $588,031 | $0 | $43,763 | $0 |
| GERALD CALLAHAN | ||||||||||||||
| V.P. OF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT | $221,140 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $10,414 | $0 | $83,859 | $0 | $1,291 | $0 | $316,704 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| R JACK FRICK DONE 121111 | ||||||||||||||
| CHIEF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER -FORMER | $0 | $0 | $26,585 | $0 | $161,120 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $187,705 | $0 | $26,585 | $0 |
Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (3 entries)
| Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc | ExplanationExplanationTxt |
|---|---|
| PART I, LINE 1A | VARI ALLOWS FOR FIRST-CLASS OR CHARTER TRAVEL FOR OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES. |
| PART I, LINE 4A | R. JACK FRICK RECEIVED SEVERANCE PAYMENTS OF $161,120 DURING CALENDAR YEAR 2013. |
| PART I, LINE 7 | THREE NON-FIXED BONUSES WERE PAID AT THE DISCRETION OF THE CEO. |
Schedule K IRS990ScheduleK
Tax Exempt Bonds Issues TaxExemptBondsIssuesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Bond Reference | A | BondReferenceCd |
Issuer Name IssuerName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | MICHIGAN STRATEGIC FUND | BusinessNameLine1 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Bond Issuer EIN | 521417332 | BondIssuerEIN |
| Bond Issued | 2013-04-01 | BondIssuedDt |
| Issue Price | $220,000,000 | IssuePriceAmt |
| Purpose | REFUND BOND ISSUE 4/10/08 | PurposeDesc |
| Defeased | 0 | DefeasedInd |
| On Behalf Of Issuer | 0 | OnBehalfOfIssuerInd |
| Pool Financing | 0 | PoolFinancingInd |
Tax Exempt Bonds Proceeds TaxExemptBondsProceedsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Bond Reference | A | BondReferenceCd |
| Total Proceeds | $220,000,000 | TotalProceedsAmt |
| Other Spent Proceeds | $220,000,000 | OtherSpentProceedsAmt |
| Current Refunding | Yes (1) | CurrentRefundingInd |
| Advance Refunding | 0 | AdvanceRefundingInd |
| Final Allocation Made | Yes (1) | FinalAllocationMadeInd |
| Adequate Books And Rec Maint | Yes (1) | AdequateBooksAndRecMaintInd |
Tax Exempt Bonds Private Bus Use TaxExemptBondsPrivateBusUseGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Bond Reference | A | BondReferenceCd |
| Owning Bond Financed Property | 0 | OwningBondFinancedPropertyInd |
| Any Lease Arrangements | Yes (1) | AnyLeaseArrangementsInd |
| Mgmt Contract Bond Fincd Prop | Yes (1) | MgmtContractBondFincdPropInd |
| Engage Bond Counsel Contracts | Yes (1) | EngageBondCounselContractsInd |
| Any Research Agreements | Yes (1) | AnyResearchAgreementsInd |
| Engage Bond Counsel Research | Yes (1) | EngageBondCounselResearchInd |
| Private Bus Concerning UBI | 0.00950 | PrivateBusConcerningUBIPct |
| Total Private Business Use | 0.00950 | TotalPrivateBusinessUsePct |
| Bond Iss Meet Prvt Sec Pymt Test | 0 | BondIssMeetPrvtSecPymtTestInd |
| Change In Use Bond Financed Prop | 0 | ChangeInUseBondFinancedPropInd |
| Procs Nonqualified Bond Remdtd | Yes (1) | ProcsNonqualifiedBondRemdtdInd |
Tax Exempt Bonds Arbitrage TaxExemptBondsArbitrageGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Bond Reference | A | BondReferenceCd |
| Form8038 T Filed | 0 | Form8038TFiledInd |
| Rebate Not Due Yet | 0 | RebateNotDueYetInd |
| Exception To Rebate | 0 | ExceptionToRebateInd |
| No Rebate Due | Yes (1) | NoRebateDueInd |
| Variable Rate Issue | Yes (1) | VariableRateIssueInd |
| Hedge Identified In Bks And Rec | 0 | HedgeIdentifiedInBksAndRecInd |
| Gross Proceeds Invested In GIC | 0 | GrossProceedsInvestedInGICInd |
| Gross Proceeds Invested | 0 | GrossProceedsInvestedInd |
| Written Proc To Monitor Reqs | Yes (1) | WrittenProcToMonitorReqsInd |
Procedures Corrective Action ProceduresCorrectiveActionGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Bond Reference | A | BondReferenceCd |
| Procedures Corrective Action | Yes (1) | ProceduresCorrectiveActionInd |
Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Form And Line Reference | DATE REBATE COMPUTATION PERFORMED | FormAndLineReferenceDesc |
| Explanation | ISSUER NAME: MICHIGAN STRATEGIC FUND DATE THE REBATE COMPUTATION WAS PERFORMED: 11/30/2013 | ExplanationTxt |
Schedule L IRS990ScheduleL
Loans Btwn Org Interested Prsn LoansBtwnOrgInterestedPrsnGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Person | PATRIK BRUNDIN | PersonNm |
| Relationship With Org | HIGHEST COMPENSATION EMPLOYEE | RelationshipWithOrgTxt |
| Loan Purpose | CONTRACT | LoanPurposeTxt |
| Loan From Organization | Yes (X) | LoanFromOrganizationInd |
| Original Principal | $25,000 | OriginalPrincipalAmt |
| Balance Due | $9,657 | BalanceDueAmt |
| Default | 0 | DefaultInd |
| Board Or Committee Approval | 0 | BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd |
| Written Agreement | Yes (1) | WrittenAgreementInd |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Balance Due | $9,657 | TotalBalanceDueAmt |
Bus Tr Involve Interested Prsn BusTrInvolveInterestedPrsnGrp
Name Of Interested NameOfInterested
Business Name BusinessName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | JVAE FOUNDATION | BusinessNameLine1 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Relationship Description | COMMON TRUSTEE | RelationshipDescriptionTxt |
| Transaction | $155,123 | TransactionAmt |
| Transaction | IT SVCS | TransactionDesc |
| Sharing Of Revenues | 0 | SharingOfRevenuesInd |
Schedule M IRS990ScheduleM
Other Non Cash Contri Table OtherNonCashContriTableGrp (3 entries)
| Non Cash CheckboxNonCashCheckboxInd | DescDesc | ContributionContributionCnt | Noncash Contributions Rpt F990NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt | Method Of Determining RevenuesMethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (X) | CAPITAL EQUIP | 1 | $152,458 | FMV |
| Yes (X) | EQUIPMENT | 1 | $400 | FMV |
| Yes (X) | FOOD | 1 | $53 | FMV |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Form8283 Received | 0 | Form8283ReceivedCnt |
| Any Property That Must Be Held | 0 | AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeldInd |
| Review Process Unusual NC Gifts | 0 | ReviewProcessUnusualNCGiftsInd |
| Third Parties Used | 0 | ThirdPartiesUsedInd |
Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Form And Line Reference | PART I, COLUMN (B): | FormAndLineReferenceDesc |
| Explanation | NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTIONS IS BASED ON NUMBER OF GIFTS. | ExplanationTxt |
Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO
Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (14 entries)
| Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc | ExplanationExplanationTxt |
|---|---|
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 2 | IN 2014, VARI STARTED THE CENTER FOR EPIGENETICS. THE CENTER IS DEDICATED TO THE STUDY OF EPIGENETICS AND EPIGENOMICS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE, WITH THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF DEVELOPING NOVEL THERAPIES TO TREAT CANCER AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 2 | VARI AND VAEI SHARE COMMON MANAGEMENT. AS OFFICERS OF VARI, DAVID VAN ANDEL, DR. JANA HALL, TIMOTHY MYERS AND DAVID WHITESCARVER INTERACT AND WORK TOGETHER WITH DR. STEVE TRIEZENBERG, AN OFFICER OF VAEI. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7A | THE TRUSTEES OF VAN ANDEL INSTITUTE HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO ELECT ONE OR MORE MEMBERS OF VARI'S GOVERNING BODY. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11 | FOLLOWING COMPLETION OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENT AUDIT, THE FORM 990 IS PREPARED AND REVIEWED BY MANAGEMENT. IT IS THEN CIRCULATED TO THE FULL BOARD FOR REVIEW AND FINAL APPROVAL PRIOR TO FILING WITH THE IRS. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C | VARI HAS WRITTEN CONFLICT OF INTEREST ("COI") POLICIES AND PROCEDURES (ADMINISTERED BY VAN ANDEL INSTITUTE) WHICH ADMINISTER AND ENFORCE A PROCESS TO IDENTIFY, EVALUATE, AND MANAGE POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST. THESE POLICIES HAVE BEEN BOARD APPROVED. VAI ADMINISTERS THE COI POLICIES AND PROCEDURES THROUGH TWO COMMITTEES: THE CONFLICTS COMMITTEE ("CC") AND THE INSTITUTIONAL COI COMMITTEE ("ICOIC"). THE COI POLICIES AND PROCEDURES APPLY TO AND SERVE AS A GUIDE FOR EVERYONE IN THE ORGANIZATION. THEY 1) PROVIDE A USEFUL RESOURCE WHEN DEVELOPING ACTIVITIES OR RELATIONSHIPS WITH OUTSIDE ENTITIES OR PERSONS, AND 2) ESTABLISH COMMITTEES TO REVIEW AND MANAGE POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AS THEY MAY ARISE. THE CC, CHAIRED BY THE CHIEF LEGAL OFFICER, REQUIRES ANNUAL AND UPDATED DISCLOSURES BY COVERED PERSONS AND REVIEWS AND APPROVES MANAGEMENT PLANS. THE INSTITUTIONAL COI POLICIES AND PROCEDURES SERVE AS A GUIDE FOR MEMBERS OF THE BOARDS OF TRUSTEES AND SENIOR EXECUTIVES. IN THE EVENT A POTENTIAL COI ARISES AT THE BOARD OR SENIOR EXECUTIVE LEVEL, THE ICOIC MEETS TO REVIEW AND DECIDE HOW TO MANAGE SUCH POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE COI POLICIES AND PROCEDURES. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15 | COMPARABILITY DATA FROM EXPERT THIRD PARTY IS OBTAINED AND REVIEWED BY THE INDEPENDENT, JOINT COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AND RELATED ORGANIZATIONS TO DETERMINE APPROPRIATE COMPENSATION FOR THE CEO, EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS, OFFICERS, AND KEY EMPLOYEES, ON BEHALF OF VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 | THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST. |
| FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9: | LOSS ON INTEREST RATE SWAP -19,108,611. CHANGE IN BALANCE SHEET PRESENTATION OF TMS 286,858. |
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 2 | VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (VARI) IS DEDICATED TO DETERMINING THE EPIGENETIC, GENETIC, MOLECULAR, AND CELLULAR ORIGINS OF CANCER, PARKINSON'S DISEASE, AND OTHER ILLNESSES AND TRANSLATING THOSE FINDINGS INTO EFFECTIVE THERAPIES. THE INSTITUTE'S SCIENTISTS WORK IN ON-SITE LABORATORIES AND PARTICIPATE IN COLLABORATIONS THAT SPAN THE GLOBE. THE INSTITUTE IS ORGANIZED INTO THE CENTER FOR CANCER AND CELL BIOLOGY, THE CENTER FOR EPIGENETICS, AND THE CENTER FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE SCIENCE. THE CORE TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES GROUP PROVIDES VALUABLE ON-SITE CAPABILITIES IN IMAGING, PATHOLOGY, BIOINFORMATICS, FLOW CYTOMETRY, A VIVARIUM, AND A BIOREPOSITORY. RESEARCH BY VARI SCIENTISTS IS PUBLISHED IN MAJOR PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALS, INCLUDING, IN 2014, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY, ARTHRITIS RESEARCH AND THERAPY, CANCER CELL, CANCER RESEARCH, GENOME RESEARCH, JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE, MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY, NATURE MEDICINE, NEOPLASIA, NEURO-ONCOLOGY, NEUROSCIENCE, ONCOGENE, PLOS ONE, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES U.S.A., PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY, AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH, AMONG OTHERS. IN 2014, PETER A. JONES, PH.D., D. SC., BECAME THE RESEARCH DIRECTOR AND CHIEF SCIENTIFIC OFFICER OF VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE. DR. JONES WAS BORN IN SOUTH AFRICA, RAISED AND ATTENDED COLLEGE IN RHODESIA (NOW ZIMBABWE), AND RECEIVED HIS PH.D. FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF LONDON. HE JOINED THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA IN 1977, ATTAINING THE RANK OF PROFESSOR IN 1985 AND DISTINGUISHED PROFESSOR IN 1999. HE ALSO SERVED AS DIRECTOR OF THE USC NORRIS COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTER BETWEEN 1993 AND 2011. HIS LABORATORY DISCOVERED THE EFFECTS OF 5-AZACYTIDINE ON DNA METHYLATION AND LINKED THIS PROCESS TO THE ACTIVATION OF SILENCED GENES. HE IS KNOWN FOR HIS STUDIES ON THE MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF CANCER AND OF BASIC MECHANISMS OF DNA METHYLATION AND ITS ROLE IN CANCER AND DIFFERENTIATION. DR. JONES IS A PAST PRESIDENT OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER RESEARCH AND WAS ELECTED AS A FELLOW OF THE ACADEMY OF THE AACR IN 2013. HE HAS PUBLISHED MORE THAN 300 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS AND RECEIVED SEVERAL HONORS, INCLUDING THE OUTSTANDING INVESTIGATOR GRANT FROM THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE. HE AND HIS COLLEAGUE DR. STEPHEN BAYLIN SHARED BOTH THE KIRK A. LANDON AWARD FOR BASIC CANCER RESEARCH FROM THE AACR IN 2009 AND THE MEDAL OF HONOR FROM THE AMERICAN CANCER SOCIETY IN 2011. |
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A | LINE 4A - PROGRAM SERVICE ACTIVITY #1 CENTER FOR CANCER AND CELL BIOLOGY THE CENTER FOR CANCER AND CELL BIOLOGY, DIRECTED BY BART WILLIAMS, PH.D., COMPRISES 14 LABORATORIES ENGAGED IN BASIC RESEARCH IN MOLECULAR AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND IN TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH ON CANCERS, THE TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT, AND SKELETAL DISEASES. INVESTIGATORS WITHIN THE CENTER IN 2014 RECEIVED AN R01 RENEWAL FROM THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, A NEW AWARD FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, A RENEWAL AWARD FROM THE MICHAEL J. FOX FOUNDATION, A NEW AWARD FROM THE COFFMAN CHARITABLE TRUST, AND TWO AWARDS FROM THE MICHIGAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (MEDC). THE VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE PATHWAY OF HOPE INITIATIVE PROGRESSED IN 2014 UNDER THE DIRECTION OF JEFFREY MACKEIGAN, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AND HEAD OF THE LABORATORY OF SYSTEMS BIOLOGY. TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS COMPLEX (TSC) CAUSES NON-CANCEROUS TUMORS IN MAJOR ORGANS, AND PATIENTS AFFLICTED WITH DISEASE OFTEN SUFFER FROM EPILEPSY, LEARNING DISABILITIES AND OTHER COMPLICATIONS. VARI'S PATHWAY OF HOPE PROJECT INVOLVES TSC INVESTIGATORS FROM ACROSS THE UNITED STATES, WITH FUNDING FROM THE MICHIGAN STRATEGIC FUND, BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF MICHIGAN, GREAT LAKES SCRIP, ROCKFORD CONSTRUCTION, COLLIERS INTERNATIONAL, TEAM HANNAH TSC, AND INDIVIDUAL DONORS. THE INITIATIVE INVOLVES A COMBINATION OF BASIC BIOLOGY, TRANSLATIONAL AND CLINICAL APPROACHES, WITH THE GOAL OF DEVELOPING NEW, EFFECTIVE TREATMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH TSC. THE TSC RESEARCH TEAM HAS SCREENED FOR GENES NEVER BEFORE LINKED TO TSC AND IS INVESTIGATING SEVERAL THAT ARE INTRIGUING. THE PATHWAY OF HOPE TEAM HAS ALSO BEGUN A PERSONALIZED MEDICINE FEASIBILITY STUDY, EVALUATING THE TEAM'S ABILITY TO DEVELOP INDIVIDUALIZED TREATMENT PLANS FROM A PATIENT'S GENOMIC DATA. TSC RESEARCH IS BEING FUNDED IN PART THROUGH THE BILL VAN REGENMORTER COLLABORATIVE FOR TRANSLATIONAL BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH, WHICH IS ADMINISTERED BY THE MEDC. RESEARCH CONTINUES INTO THE MIG6 GENE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO OSTEOARTHRITIS. INJURED JOINTS ARE PRONE TO DEVELOPING OSTEOARTHRITIS (OA), AND A LACK OF THE MIG-6 PROTEIN INCREASES THE DAMAGE FOUND IN JOINTS FOLLOWING TRAUMA. BONE MINERAL DENSITY AND TRABECULAR THICKNESS AND NUMBER WERE FOUND TO BE LOWER IN SURGICALLY TREATED KNEES FROM MICE LACKING THE MIG6 GENE (JOINER ET AL., ARTHRITIS RESEARCH AND THERAPY 16(2): R81). ANOTHER STUDY EXPLORED THE JOINT TISSUES IN WHICH MIG-6 IS EXPRESSED AND THE ROLE CHONDROCYTES PLAY IN THE OA-LIKE DISORDER CAUSED BY MIG-6 DEFICIENCY IN MICE. MIG-6 WAS FOUND TO BE CRUCIAL IN MAINTAINING JOINT HOMEOSTASIS AND IN REGULATING CHONDROCYTE ACTIVITY IN SYNOVIAL JOINTS, WHICH ARE FOUND IN THE KNEE, SHOULDER, HIP, AND ELBOW, AMONG OTHERS (STAAL ET AL., PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES U.S.A. 111(7): 2590-2595). MITOCHONDRIA ARE THE ENERGY-PRODUCING ORGANELLES OF A CELL. THE SIZE OF MITOCHONDRIA, LARGE VS. COMPACT, WAS FOUND TO CORRELATE WITH MITOCHONDRIAL FISSION OR FUSION EVENTS, RESPECTIVELY (WESTRATE ET AL., PLOS ONE 9(4): E95265). IN RAPIDLY DIVIDING CANCER CELLS, THE MITOCHONDRIA MUST FRAGMENT (FISSION) PRIOR TO CELL DIVISION. FORCED FUSION OF MITOCHONDRIA INHIBITED THE DIVIDING OF CELLS, AND EXTENDED PERIODS OF SUCH FUSION CAUSED THE CELLS TO DIE. THUS, INHIBITING THE REGULATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL FISSION MAY BE A STRATEGY FOR TARGETING CANCER CELLS (WESTRATE ET AL., PLOS ONE 9(3): E91911). ANOTHER STUDY IDENTIFIED A MITOCHONDRIAL ADENYLATE KINASE ENZYME THAT REGULATES CELLULAR ATP LEVELS; THE EXPRESSION OF THAT ENZYME CORRELATED WITH THE SURVIVAL OF GLIOMA PATIENTS. THIS STUDY MAPPED THE BIOENERGETIC LANDSCAPE OF MORE THAN 1000 MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEINS SUBSTRATES, AND IT IS THE BEGINNING OF LINKING KEY METABOLIC GENES WITH CLINICAL DISEASE OUTCOME (LANNING ET AL., CELL REPORTS 7(3): 907-917). STUDIES OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURES AND THEIR PHYSICAL INTERACTIONS HAVE BEEN PROCEEDING ON SEVERAL FRONTS IN 2014. GLUCOCORTICOIDS ARE VALUABLE FOR TREATING DISEASES SUCH AS ASTHMA, LEUKEMIA, AND AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, BUT THE DRUGS HAVE BOTH BENEFICIAL AND ADVERSE EFFECTS. STUDIES OF THE GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR SHOWED THAT THE Q642 AMINO ACID IN THE LIGAND-BINDING POCKET IS KEY TO THE HIGH POTENCY OF THE GLUCOCORTICOID MOMETASONE FUROATE. THIS STRUCTURE-BASED DESIGN LED TO SYNTHESIS OF SEVERAL NOVEL GLUCOCORTICOIDS WITH MUCH IMPROVED POTENCY AND EFFICACY. THIS RESEARCH PROVIDES A RATIONAL BASIS FOR DEVELOPING DRUGS THAT HAVE AN IMPROVED RATIO OF BENEFICIAL TO ADVERSE EFFECTS (HE ET AL., CELL RESEARCH 24(6): 713-726). A STUDY OF THE SHP RECEPTOR, WHICH ACTS AS A REPRESSOR TO REGULATE BILE ACIDS AND CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM, HAS DEMONSTRATED INTERACTIONS THAT CONTROL SHP ACTIVITY. THE EID1 PROTEIN WAS FOUND TO HAVE A BINDING SITE ON SHP, UNEXPECTEDLY LOCATED AT THE N TERMINUS OF THE RECEPTOR, WHICH MAY HAVE IMPLICATIONS FOR TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSION BY SIMILAR NUCLEAR RECEPTORS. UNDERSTANDING THE FUNCTION AND MECHANISM OF ACTION OF SHP WILL HELP IN DEVELOPING DRUGS TO TREAT METABOLIC DISEASES ARISING FROM BILE ACID AND CHOLESTEROL IMBALANCES (ZHI ET AL., PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES U.S.A. 111(2): 839-844). AN ONGOING STUDY CONTINUES INTO ABSCISIC ACID, A PLANT HORMONE CRUCIAL TO THE ADAPTATION OF PLANTS TO DROUGHT CONDITIONS. VARI RESEARCHERS HAVE FOUND THAT THE HORMONE CAUSES THE GENERATION OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE, WHICH INHIBITS THE PHOSPHATASE ENZYME HAB1, RESULTING IN THE CLOSING OF PLANT PORES (STOMATA) AND THUS PREVENTING LOSS OF WATER THROUGH TRANSPIRATION (SRIDHARAMURTHY ET AL., PLOS ONE 9(12): E113643). PROGRESS CONTINUES ON THE STUDY OF A VARIETY OF CANCERS. THE AGGRESSIVENESS OF MESENCHYMAL PANCREATIC CANCER CELLS HAS BEEN LINKED TO GENETIC CHANGES IN THE CDKN2A AND RELATED GENES. WHOLE-GENOME COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION MEASUREMENTS ON EPITHELIAL-LIKE AND MESENCHYMAL-LIKE PANCREATIC CANCER CELL LINES FOUND 20 ALTERED GENES THAT SHOWED A MAJOR DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE GROUPS. ALL 20 ALTERATIONS (18 DELETIONS AND 2 AMPLIFICATIONS) WERE MORE PREVALENT IN THE MESENCHYMAL GROUP (SINHA ET AL., MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY 8(7): 1253-1265). ANOTHER PROJECT STUDIED TWO ACRIDINE DERIVATIVES THAT ACT AS INHIBITORS OF AUTOPHAGY, A DYNAMIC CELL SURVIVAL MECHANISM. IN MELANOMA CELLS DRIVEN BY THE BRAF GENE (WHICH HELPS CONTROL CELL GROWTH AND IS MUTATED IN SOME CANCERS), BOTH DERIVATIVES ACTED TO SENSITIZE THE CELLS TO THE CANCER-THERAPY DRUG VEMURAFENIB (GOODALL ET AL., AUTOPHAGY 10(6): 1120-1136). THE CHROMATIN REMODELING PROTEIN ING4 IS REQUIRED FOR NORMAL DIFFERENTIATION OF PROSTATE CELLS, AND EXPRESSION OF THIS PROTEIN IS LOST IN THE MAJORITY OF PROSTATE CANCERS. THAT LOSS MAY BE A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUCH CANCER, AND THERE MAY BE SUBTYPES OF PROSTATE CANCER BASED ON LOSS OF ING4 ALONE OR OF BOTH THE ING4 AND PTEN PROTEINS (BERGER ET AL., CANCER RESEARCH 74(12): 3357-3368.) SOLID TUMORS SUCH AS OSTEOSARCOMA OFTEN HAVE OXYGEN-POOR (HYPOXIC) ENVIRONMENTS. UNDER SUCH CONDITIONS, A VARI STUDY FOUND THAT OSTEOSARCOMA CELLS HAVE LOWER WNT SIGNALING AND THE CANCER CELLS ARE RESISTANT TO DOXORUBICIN. HOWEVER, BY A FURTHER LOWERING OF WNT SIGNALING, THE CANCER CELLS CAN BE MADE SENSITIVE TO DOXORUBICIN TREATMENT (SCHOLTEN ET AL., PLOS ONE, 9(10): E111431). IN A STUDY OF A BENIGN TUMOR CALLED ANEURYSMAL BONE CYST (ABC), THE RANKL SIGNALING PATHWAY WAS SHOWN TO BE ESSENTIAL FOR PROGRESSION OF THIS TUMOR, SUGGESTING FURTHER STUDY OF RANKL-TARGETED THERAPY AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO SURGERY. THE SAME ARTICLE REVIEWED A CASE STUDY OF SUCCESSFUL TARGETING OF AN AGGRESSIVE SACRAL ABC IN A 5-YEAR-OLD BOY THROUGH USE OF RANKL INHIBITION PLUS DENOSUMAB (PELLE ET AL., TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH 164(2): 139-148). VARI RESEARCHERS HAVE SHOWN THAT HIGH LEVELS OF THE MICRORNA MIR-21, A SMALL NON-CODING RNA, IN THE TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT-BUT NOT IN THE CANCER CELLS THEMSELVES-ARE ASSOCIATED WITH WORSE CLINICAL OUTCOMES FOR PATIENTS WITH "TRIPLE-NEGATIVE" BREAST CANCER. THIS FINDING SUGGESTS THAT ALTERED MIR-21 EXPRESSION PROVIDES CLINICALLY RELEVANT INFORMATION, THUS IDENTIFYING A POSSIBLE PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKER FOR THIS DISEASE (MACKENZIE ET AL., AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 184(12): 3217-3225). |
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4B | LINE 4B - PROGRAM SERVICE ACTIVITY #2 CENTER FOR EPIGENETICS THE CENTER, ESTABLISHED IN 2014 AND DIRECTED BY PETER JONES, PH.D., D.SC., COMPRISES EIGHT LABORATORIES STUDYING EPIGENETICS AND EPIGENOMICS AND THE ROLE OF EPIGENETIC DYSFUNCTION IN DISEASES SUCH AS CANCER AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, AND VIRAL TRANSCRIPTION. FOUR NEW FACULTY, THREE WITH FEDERAL FUNDING, WERE RECRUITED TO THE CENTER IN 2014. IN 2014, CENTER RESEARCHERS RECEIVED A NEW GRANT AWARD THROUGH THE BILL VAN REGENMORTER COLLABORATIVE TO ESTABLISH A CENTER OF EXCELLENCE IN EPIGENETICS, AS WELL AS A DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SUBAWARD ON THE USE OF EPIGENETIC THERAPY FOR OVARIAN CANCER. IN FEBRUARY 2014, PETER JONES BECAME THE RESEARCH DIRECTOR AND CHIEF SCIENTIFIC OFFICER OF VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (VARI). WITH HIM CAME HIS ROLE AS CO-LEADER WITH STEPHEN BAYLIN, M.D., OF JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY- OF THE STAND UP TO CANCER (SU2C) EPIGENETICS DREAM TEAM, WHICH WAS LAUNCHED IN 2009 TO FOCUS ON EPIGENETIC THERAPY IN CANCER TREATMENT. THEIR LEADERSHIP HAS EVOLVED THAT TEAM INTO THE VARI-SU2C EPIGENETICS DREAM TEAM, WHICH INCLUDES CHARLES RUDIN, M.D., PH.D., MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER IN NEW YORK; JEAN-PIERRE ISSA, M.D., AND PATRICIA KROPF, M.D., TEMPLE UNIVERSITY AND FOX CHASE CANCER CENTER IN PHILADELPHIA; KIRSTEN GRONBAEK, M.D., D.MSC., RIGSHOSPITALET, UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN; AND ANTHONY EL-KHOUEIRY, M.D., UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA NORRIS COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTER. IN OCTOBER 2014, VARI COMMITTED TO PROVIDING $7.5 MILLION IN FUNDING TO CONTINUE THE WORK OF THE TEAM. AS BEFORE, THE TEAM WILL FOCUS ON EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS IN CELLS, WHICH HELP CONTROL WHETHER GENES ARE TURNED ON OR OFF WITHOUT CHANGING THE DNA SEQUENCE ITSELF. VARI'S SUPPORT OVER THREE YEARS WILL ALLOW THE TEAM TO MOVE FORWARD WITH MORE EXTENSIVE CLINICAL TRIALS IN OTHER CANCER TYPES AND ALLOW THEM TO TEST ADDITIONAL EPIGENETIC THERAPY STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE UPON THE PROGRESS ALREADY MADE. THE TEAM WILL CONTINUE TO BE PEER-REVIEWED BY THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER RESEARCH. IN EARLY 2014, VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AND SPECTRUM HEALTH BROUGHT WORLD-RENOWNED CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCHER AND CARDIOLOGIST STEFAN JOVINGE, M.D., PH.D., TO GRAND RAPIDS. JOVINGE LEADS TEAMS OF RESEARCHERS AND CLINICIANS AT THE SPECTRUM HEALTH FREDERIK MEIJER HEART & VASCULAR INSTITUTE AND VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE IN AN EFFORT TO STIMULATE REGENERATIVE MEDICINE FOR HEART DISEASE. THE RESEARCH WILL HAVE FOUR AREAS OF FOCUS: CELL ENGINEERING; MULTI-CENTER PATIENT TREATMENT AND CLINICAL TRIALS; CELL SOURCE IDENTIFICATION AND SCIENTIFIC TRAINING; AND DEVELOPMENT FOR FUTURE RESEARCHERS INCLUDING INTERNS, FELLOWS, AND GRADUATE STUDENTS. DR. JOVINGE EARNED HIS MEDICAL DEGREE AND PH.D. FROM KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE IN STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. HE ALSO COMPLETED A RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP IN THE DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOLOGY AT THE CEDARS-SINAI RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES. IN A STUDY OF ALTERATIONS AT SPECIFIC EPIGENETIC REGULATORY ELEMENTS IN PROSTATE AND BREAST CANCER CELLS, A GLOBAL RECONFIGURATION OF NUCLEOSOME-DEPLETED REGIONS (NDRS) WAS FOUND AT DISTAL ELEMENTS, COUPLED WITH A SUBSTANTIAL REORGANIZATION OF THE CANCER METHYL-GROUP ADDITIONS ONTO DNA. KEY TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR BINDING SITES ALSO SHOWED EXTENSIVE PERIPHERAL NUCLEOSOME PHASING, SUGGESTING THE POTENTIAL FOR SUCH SITES TO ORGANIZE NDRS GENOME-WIDE AND CONTRIBUTE TO DEREGULATION OF CANCER EPIGENOMES. GIVEN THAT NUCLEOSOMES "PACKAGE" DNA IN AN INACTIVE STATE, THESE EVENTS MAY CONTRIBUTE TO AN ALTERED GENOME-WIDE ARCHITECTURE AND EPIGENETIC DEREGULATION IN MALIGNANCY (TABERLAY ET AL., GENOME RESEARCH 24(9): 1421-1432). DBF4-DEPENDENT KINASE (DDK) IS OVEREXPRESSED IN MANY TUMOR CELLS, AND ITS INHIBITION CAUSES APOPTOSIS OF DIVERSE CANCER CELL TYPES. THE BENZOFUROPYRIMIDINONE-BASED DDK INHIBITOR XL413 WAS STUDIED FOR ITS EFFECTS WHEN USED ON TUMOR CELL LINES. WHILE XL413 WAS AN EFFECTIVE BIOCHEMICAL INHIBITOR OF DDK IN THE CELL LINES, IT HAD SIGNIFICANT ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY AGAINST ONLY ONE OF THE 10 LINES TESTED. IN ADDITION, SOME 400 OTHER KINASE INHIBITORS WERE SCREENED, IDENTIFYING SEVERAL POTENTIAL DDK INHIBITORS THAT HAVE CHEMICAL STRUCTURES DIFFERENT FROM THOSE OF KNOWN DDK INHIBITORS (SASI ET AL., PLOS ONE 9(11): E113300). |
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4C | LINE 4C - PROGRAM SERVICE ACTIVITY #3 CENTER FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE SCIENCE THE CENTER FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE SCIENCE WAS ESTABLISHED IN 2011 UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF PATRIK BRUNDIN, M.D., PH.D., WHO IS ALSO ASSOCIATE RESEARCH DIRECTOR OF VARI. THE CENTER CURRENTLY HAS FIVE LABORATORIES STUDYING PARKINSON'S DISEASE, AGING, PRIONS, AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION, SUICIDE, AND BRAIN INFLAMMATION. ONE NEW FACULTY MEMBER WAS RECRUITED IN 2014. CENTER RESEARCHERS RECEIVED NEW GRANT AWARDS FROM THE BILL VAN REGENMORTER COLLABORATIVE, THE CURE PARKINSON'S TRUST, AND FROM THE MICHAEL J. FOX FOUNDATION DURING 2014. IN 2014, VARI BEGAN AN INITIATIVE WITH THE UK-BASED RESEARCH CHARITY THE CURE PARKINSON'S TRUST TO IDENTIFY NEW TREATMENTS FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE. THE COLLABORATION, CALLED THE LINKED CLINICAL TRIALS (LCT) INITIATIVE, IS AIMED AT REPOSITIONING MEDICATIONS APPROVED TO TREAT OTHER DISEASES THAT HAVE ALSO SHOWN PROMISE IN PRECLINICAL LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS FOR TREATING PARKINSON'S DISEASE. THE LCT INITIATIVE COULD SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THE TIME AND COST OF MOVING NEW PARKINSON'S TREATMENTS FROM THE LAB TO CLINICAL USE. THE UNDERLYING PREMISE IS THAT CONDUCTING SMALLER, MORE COST-EFFECTIVE TRIALS WITH SIMILAR PROTOCOLS, PATIENTS, AND OUTCOMES WILL ALLOW SCIENTISTS TO SEE WHICH DRUGS ARE MOST EFFECTIVE, WHILE MAXIMIZING THE NUMBER OF TRIALS CONDUCTED. LARGE-SCALE PARKINSON'S DISEASE CLINICAL TRIALS ARE RARE BECAUSE OF PROHIBITIVELY HIGH COSTS, AND THE LACK OF RELIABLE BIOMARKERS AND MODELS FOR THE DISEASE. THE FOCUS ON DRUGS ALREADY APPROVED FOR TREATING OTHER DISEASES WILL SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THE TIME AND FUNDING REQUIRED TO BRING AN EFFECTIVE NEW TREATMENT TO MARKET. VARI STUDIES ON PARKINSON'S DISEASE INCLUDE A PROJECT STUDYING ADENO-ASSOCIATED VIRUS (AAV) VECTORS, WHICH ARE USED TO DELIVER GENES IN CLINICAL TRIALS. IN RATS PRE-IMMUNIZED WITH WILD-TYPE AAV-2, INTRACEREBRAL GENE DELIVERY BASED ON AAV-2 WAS COMPROMISED (71% LOWER). BY CONTRAST, LOCAL NEUROINFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO INTRASTRIATAL A 6-OHDA INJECTION, WHICH MIMICS PARKINSON'S DISEASE NEURONAL DAMAGE, DID NOT AFFECT VIRAL VECTOR-MEDIATED TRANSGENE EXPRESSION. THE RESULTS EMPHASIZE THE IMPORTANCE OF MONITORING CIRCULATING AAV-SPECIFIC NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS RECEIVING THERAPY USING AAV VECTORS (JANELIDZE ET AL., JOURNAL OF GENE MEDICINE 16(910): 300308). MUTATIONS IN THE LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT KINASE 2 (LRRK2) GENE CAUSE LATE-ONSET, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD), AND SUCH MUTATIONS ARE THE MOST COMON CAUSE OF FAMILIAL PD. TO DIRECTLY EXPLORE THE EFFECT OF MUTANT LRRK2 ON THE NIGROSTRIATAL DOPAMINERGIC PATHWAY, WHICH IS DEGRADED IN PD, CONDITIONAL TRANSGENIC MICE WERE BRED THAT SELECTIVELY EXPRESS THE HUMAN R1441C MUTATION OF LRRK2 IN THEIR DOPAMINERGIC NEURONS. THE MUTANT LRRK2 DID NOT PRODUCE DEGENERATION OF SUBSTANTIA NIGRA DOPAMINERGIC NEURONS OR STRIATAL DOPAMINE DEFICITS IN MICE UP TO 2 YEARS OF AGE, AND NO ABNORMAL PROTEIN INCLUSIONS CONTAINING A-SYNUCLEIN, TAU, UBIQUITIN OR AUTOPHAGY MARKERS WERE FOUND. EARLY RESULTS FROM THESE NOVEL R1441C LRRK2 CONDITIONAL TRANSGENIC MICE REVEALED CHANGES IN DOPAMINERGIC NEURONAL MORPHOLOGY WITH ADVANCING AGE. THIS NEW MODEL WILL BE A USEFUL TOOL FOR EXPLORING THE PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE R1441C LRRK2 MUTATION IN PD (TSIKA ET AL., NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE 71: 345-358). THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATHOLOGY FOLLOWS A SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERN. IN A TRANSGENIC MOUSE MODEL, AMYLOID-BETA (A BETA) PATHOLOGY, WHICH IS IMPLICATED IN HUMAN ALZHEIMER'S, SPREADS ALONG ANATOMICALLY CONNECTED STRUCTURES. IN THIS STUDY, NEURONS TO AND FROM A BRAIN STRUCTURE CALLED THE SUBICULUM WERE DESTROYED USING A NEUROTOXIN, TO DISCONNECT THE NEURAL CIRCUITRY IN THIS MOUSE MODEL. THE RESULT WAS DECREASED A BETA PATHOLOGY IN BRAIN REGIONS ON THE SIDE WHERE THE CIRCUITRY WAS DESTROYED, BUT A BETA PATHOLOGY WAS UNCHANGED ON THE SIDE WHERE THE CIRCUITRY WAS LEFT INTACT. THESE RESULTS SUPPORT THE IDEA THAT A BETA PATHOLOGY IS TRANSMITTED BETWEEN INTERCONNECTED NEURONS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (GEORGE ET AL., ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS 2: 17). A STUDY OF PERSONS WHO HAD ATTEMPTED SUICIDE SHOWED THAT NEARLY 60% OF THOSE PERSONS WERE DEFICIENT IN VITAMIN D. THERE WAS ALSO A SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LOW VITAMIN D LEVELS AND HIGH LEVELS OF PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES (IL-6 AND IL-1 BETA) IN THEIR BLOOD. ROUTINE CLINICAL TESTING OF VITAMIN D LEVELS AND SUPPLEMENTATION AS NEEDED COULD BE BENEFICIAL IN PATIENTS WITH SUICIDAL SYMPTOMS (GRUDET ET AL., PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 50: 210-219). NEURON GLIAL 2 (NG2) CELLS FORM THE MYELIN SHEATH SURROUNDING NERVES AND SUPPORT NEURONS IN A VARIETY OF WAYS. IN INJURED AREAS OF THE BRAIN, THESE CELLS PROLIFERATE AND INCREASE THE SHEDDING OF THE PROTEOGLYCAN NG2 FROM THEIR CELL SURFACE. THIS ANALYSIS, DONE IN RATS THAT HAD SYSTEMICALLY INDUCED NEUROINFLAMMATION, SHOWED LOWER RATES OF CELL PROLIFERATION AND MORE NG2 IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID. HUMAN NG2 CELLS IN CULTURE EXPOSED TO THE PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IL-6 AND IL-1 BETA FOR 24 HOURS SHOWED THE SAME EFFECTS. SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION MAY HAVE PROFOUND EFFECTS ON SPECIFIC CELL POPULATIONS IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM, AND THESE RESULTS MAY BE IMPORTANT IN STUDIES OF DEPRESSION AND SICKNESS BEHAVIOR (WENNSTROM ET AL., PLOS ONE 9(10): E109387). |
| FORM 990, PART X, LINE 33 | VARI NET ASSETS ARE CONSIDERED ON A CONSOLIDATED BASIS WITH VAN ANDEL INSTITUTE (VAI), VAN ANDEL EDUCATION INSTITUTE (VAEI), AND RELATED PARTIES. ON A CONSOLIDATED BASIS, NET ASSETS ARE $1,207,293,000 PER AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. THE NEGATIVE NET ASSET BALANCE AT VARI IS DUE TO VAI FUNDING EXPENSES ON A CASH BASIS AND THE UNREALIZED LOSS RECORDED IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE INTEREST RATE SWAP. |
| FORM 990, PART IX, COLUMN D | FUNDRAISING EXPENSES AT VARI WERE INCURRED TO SUPPORT THE MISSION OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE THROUGH DONOR SOLICITATION, GRANT SOLICITATION AND EXTRAMURAL PROPOSAL PREPARATION. |
Schedule R IRS990ScheduleR
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| Reimbursement Paid To Other Org | Yes (1) | ReimbursementPaidToOtherOrgInd |
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| VAN ANDEL INSTITUTE | ||
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