INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF FIRE FIGHTERS: Form 990, tax year 2012
View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗
- Organization
- INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF FIRE FIGHTERS (EIN 39-1102345)
- Tax period
- 2012-01-01 to 2012-12-31
- Filed
- 2013-06-27
- IRS object ID
- 201331789349300803
- Schema version
- 2012v2.1
- Source
- Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica
Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.
Return header ReturnHeader
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Timestamp | 2013-06-27T12:47:34-05:00 | Timestamp |
| Tax Period End Date | 2012-12-31 | TaxPeriodEndDate |
Preparer Firm PreparerFirm
Preparer Firm Business Name PreparerFirmBusinessName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | MADISON BOOKKEEPING & TAX SERVICE INC | BusinessNameLine1 |
Preparer Firm US Address PreparerFirmUSAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 6200 GISHOLT DRIVE SUITE 100 | AddressLine1 |
| City | MADISON | City |
| State | WI | State |
| ZIP Code | 53713 | ZIPCode |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Return Type | 990 | ReturnType |
| Tax Period Begin Date | 2012-01-01 | TaxPeriodBeginDate |
Filer Filer
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| EIN | 391102345 | EIN |
Name Name
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | INTERNATIONAL ASSOC OF FIREFIGHTERS | BusinessNameLine1 |
| Business Name Line2 | 311 IAFF | BusinessNameLine2 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Name Control | INTE | NameControl |
| Phone | 6082572030 | Phone |
US Address USAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 821 WILLIAMSON STREET | AddressLine1 |
| City | MADISON | City |
| State | WI | State |
| ZIP Code | 53703 | ZIPCode |
Officer Officer
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Name | DANIEL STORLEY | Name |
| Title | SEC./TREAS | Title |
| Phone | 6082572030 | Phone |
| Date Signed | 2013-06-05 | DateSigned |
| Authorize Third Party | true | AuthorizeThirdParty |
Preparer Preparer
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Name | THOMAS A BRYS | Name |
| Phone | 6082211685 | Phone |
| Date Prepared | 2013-06-27 | DatePrepared |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Tax Year | 2012 | TaxYear |
| Build TS | 2016-02-25 16:41:14Z | BuildTS |
Form 990 IRS990
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Gross Receipts | 372502 | GrossReceipts |
| Group Return For Affiliates | false | GroupReturnForAffiliates |
| Organization501c | X | Organization501c |
| Web Site | WWW.LOCAL311.ORG | WebSite |
| Type Of Organization Corporation | X | TypeOfOrganizationCorporation |
| Activity Or Mission Description | A LABOR ORGANIZATION TO PRODUCE TRAINING, EDUCATION, AND BENIFITS TO MEMBER FIREFIGHTERS | ActivityOrMissionDescription |
| Nbr Voting Members Governing Body | 23 | NbrVotingMembersGoverningBody |
| Nbr Independent Voting Members | 0 | NbrIndependentVotingMembers |
| Total Nbr Employees | 33 | TotalNbrEmployees |
| Total Gross UBI | 0 | TotalGrossUBI |
| Contributions Grants Prior Year | 341177 | ContributionsGrantsPriorYear |
| Contributions Grants Current Year | 364887 | ContributionsGrantsCurrentYear |
| Program Service Revenue CY | 0 | ProgramServiceRevenueCY |
| Investment Income Prior Year | 1387 | InvestmentIncomePriorYear |
| Investment Income Current Year | 1420 | InvestmentIncomeCurrentYear |
| Other Revenue Prior Year | 14564 | OtherRevenuePriorYear |
| Other Revenue Current Year | 6195 | OtherRevenueCurrentYear |
| Total Revenue Prior Year | 357128 | TotalRevenuePriorYear |
| Total Revenue Current Year | 372502 | TotalRevenueCurrentYear |
| Grants And Similar Amnts CY | 0 | GrantsAndSimilarAmntsCY |
| Benefits Paid To Members CY | 0 | BenefitsPaidToMembersCY |
| Salaries Etc Prior Year | 91556 | SalariesEtcPriorYear |
| Salaries Etc Current Year | 104369 | SalariesEtcCurrentYear |
| Total Prof Fundrsng Exp CY | 0 | TotalProfFundrsngExpCY |
| Total Fundrsng Exp Current Year | 0 | TotalFundrsngExpCurrentYear |
| Other Expense Prior Year | 236489 | OtherExpensePriorYear |
| Other Expenses Current Year | 248579 | OtherExpensesCurrentYear |
| Total Expenses Prior Year | 328045 | TotalExpensesPriorYear |
| Total Expenses Current Year | 352948 | TotalExpensesCurrentYear |
| Revenues Less Expenses Prior Year | 29083 | RevenuesLessExpensesPriorYear |
| Revenues Less Expenses CY | 19554 | RevenuesLessExpensesCY |
| Total Assets BOY | 325307 | TotalAssetsBOY |
| Total Assets EOY | 341267 | TotalAssetsEOY |
| Total Liabilities BOY | 19683 | TotalLiabilitiesBOY |
| Total Liabilities EOY | 16089 | TotalLiabilitiesEOY |
| Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY | 305624 | NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOY |
| Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY | 325178 | NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOY |
| Info In Schedule O Part III | X | InfoInScheduleOPartIII |
| Mission Description | A LABOR ORGANIZATION TO PRODUCE TRAINING, EDUCATION, AND BENIFITS TO MEMBER FIREFIGHTERS | MissionDescription |
| Significant New Program Services | false | SignificantNewProgramServices |
| Significant Change | false | SignificantChange |
| Description | APROX 400 RECIEVED TRAINING & EDUCATION | Description |
Activity Other ActivityOther
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Description | APROXIMATELY 400 FIREFIGHTERS BENIFITED FROM TRAINING AND EDUCATION IN 2010 | Description |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Described In501 C3 | false | DescribedIn501C3 |
| Schedule B Required | false | ScheduleBRequired |
| Political Activities | false | PoliticalActivities |
| Subject To Proxy Tax | false | SubjectToProxyTax |
| Donor Advised Funds | false | DonorAdvisedFunds |
| Conservation Easements | false | ConservationEasements |
| Collections Of Art | false | CollectionsOfArt |
| Credit Counseling | false | CreditCounseling |
| Term Or Permanent Endowments | false | TermOrPermanentEndowments |
| Report Land Bldg Equip | true | ReportLandBldgEquip |
| Report Invest Oth Securities | false | ReportInvestOthSecurities |
| Report Prog Rel Invest | false | ReportProgRelInvest |
| Report Other Assets | false | ReportOtherAssets |
| Report Other Liabilities | true | ReportOtherLiabilities |
| Report Fin48 Footnote | false | ReportFin48Footnote |
| Independent Audit Financial Stmt | false | IndependentAuditFinancialStmt |
| Consolidated Audit Financial Stmt | false | ConsolidatedAuditFinancialStmt |
| School | false | School |
| Foreign Office | false | ForeignOffice |
| Foreign Activities | false | ForeignActivities |
| More Than5000 K To Organizations | false | MoreThan5000KToOrganizations |
| More Than5000 K To Individuals | false | MoreThan5000KToIndividuals |
| Professional Fundraising | false | ProfessionalFundraising |
| Fundraising Activities | false | FundraisingActivities |
| Gaming | false | Gaming |
| Hospital | false | Hospital |
| Grants To Organizations | false | GrantsToOrganizations |
| Grants To Individuals | false | GrantsToIndividuals |
| Schedule J Required | false | ScheduleJRequired |
| Tax Exempt Bonds | false | TaxExemptBonds |
| Loan To Officer Or DQP | false | LoanToOfficerOrDQP |
| Grant To Related Person | false | GrantToRelatedPerson |
| Bsnss Rltnshp With Organization | false | BsnssRltnshpWithOrganization |
| Bsnss Rltnshp Thru Family Member | false | BsnssRltnshpThruFamilyMember |
| Officer Entity With Bsnss Rltnshp | false | OfficerEntityWithBsnssRltnshp |
| Deductible Non Cash Contributions | false | DeductibleNonCashContributions |
| Deductible Contributions Of Art | false | DeductibleContributionsOfArt |
| Terminated | false | Terminated |
| Partial Liquidation | false | PartialLiquidation |
| Disregarded Entity | false | DisregardedEntity |
| Related Entity | false | RelatedEntity |
| Related Org Controlled Entity | false | RelatedOrgControlledEntity |
| Activities Conducted Partnership | false | ActivitiesConductedPartnership |
| Schedule O Required | false | ScheduleORequired |
| Number Forms Transmitted With1096 | 5 | NumberFormsTransmittedWith1096 |
| Number W2 G Included | 0 | NumberW2GIncluded |
| Compliance With Backup Witholding | true | ComplianceWithBackupWitholding |
| Number Of Employees | 33 | NumberOfEmployees |
| Employment Tax Returns Filed | true | EmploymentTaxReturnsFiled |
| Unrelated Business Income | false | UnrelatedBusinessIncome |
| Foreign Financial Account | false | ForeignFinancialAccount |
| Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans | false | ProhibitedTaxShelterTrans |
| Taxable Party Notification | false | TaxablePartyNotification |
| Non Deductible Contributions | false | NonDeductibleContributions |
| Indoor Tanning Services | false | IndoorTanningServices |
| Nbr Voting Governing Body Members | 23 | NbrVotingGoverningBodyMembers |
| Number Independent Voting Members | 0 | NumberIndependentVotingMembers |
| Family Or Business Relationship | false | FamilyOrBusinessRelationship |
| Delegation Of Management Duties | false | DelegationOfManagementDuties |
| Changes To Organizing Docs | false | ChangesToOrganizingDocs |
| Material Diversion Or Misuse | false | MaterialDiversionOrMisuse |
| Members Or Stockholders | false | MembersOrStockholders |
| Election Of Board Members | false | ElectionOfBoardMembers |
| Decisions Subject To Approval | false | DecisionsSubjectToApproval |
| Minutes Of Governing Body | true | MinutesOfGoverningBody |
| Minutes Of Committees | true | MinutesOfCommittees |
| Officer Mailing Address | false | OfficerMailingAddress |
| Local Chapters | false | LocalChapters |
| Form990 Provided To Governing Body | false | Form990ProvidedToGoverningBody |
| Conflict Of Interest Policy | false | ConflictOfInterestPolicy |
| Whistleblower Policy | false | WhistleblowerPolicy |
| Document Retention Policy | false | DocumentRetentionPolicy |
| Compensation Process CEO | false | CompensationProcessCEO |
| Compensation Process Other | false | CompensationProcessOther |
| Investment In Joint Venture | false | InvestmentInJointVenture |
| Upon Request | X | UponRequest |
The Books Are In Care Of TheBooksAreInCareOf
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Name Person | JOE CONWAY | NamePerson |
| Telephone Number | 6082664301 | TelephoneNumber |
Address US AddressUS
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 821 WILLIAMSON ST | AddressLine1 |
| City | MADISON | City |
| State | WI | State |
| ZIP Code | 53703 | ZIPCode |
Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionA (33 entries)
| TitleTitle | Average Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeek | Individual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirector | Reportable Comp From OrganizationReportableCompFromOrganization | Reportable Comp From Related OrgsReportableCompFromRelatedOrgs | Other CompensationOtherCompensation | OfficerOfficer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALLEN SCHMIDT | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 10.00 | X | 10590 | 0 | 0 | |
| JON BYRD | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 1581 | 0 | 0 | |
| RANDY HANSON | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| DAVID KRALL | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| ROBIN POWERS | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| WENDY KRUGMAN | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| MATTHEW MILLER | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| JASON S LADWIG | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| THOMAS LE | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| BOB BAGGOT | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| MATT HERRMANN | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| MICHAEL CARLIN | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| ADRIAN SMITH | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| JERED TENNANT | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| JOHNNY WINSTON JR | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 790 | 0 | 0 | |
| WILLIAM YACKEL | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 659 | 0 | 0 | |
| THEODORE HIGGINS | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | X | 659 | 0 | 0 | ||
| JEFFREY MARCHILLO | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 659 | 0 | 0 | |
| MATTHEW SCHROEDER | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 659 | 0 | 0 | |
| KYLE WELLS | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 659 | 0 | 0 | |
| LUCAS KOTSCHI | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 593 | 0 | 0 | |
| JOHNATHAN WAGNER | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 329 | 0 | 0 | |
| PATRICK EDGE | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 263 | 0 | 0 | |
| BRENDEN R KORNELL | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 198 | 0 | 0 | |
| DEVON ANDERS | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 198 | 0 | 0 | |
| TIMOTHY HAGEN | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 132 | 0 | 0 | |
| JEFF LARSON | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 132 | 0 | 0 | |
| JEROD NADOLNY | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 132 | 0 | 0 | |
| GARY SALMELA | ||||||
| DIRECTOR | 1.00 | X | 132 | 0 | 0 | |
| DAN STORLEY | ||||||
| SECRETARY/TR | X | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| JOE CONWAY JR | ||||||
| PRESIDENT | 20.00 | 26449 | 0 | 0 | X | |
| KEVIN SHERRY | ||||||
| VICE PRES | 10.00 | 14015 | 0 | 0 | X | |
| CLAY CHRISTENSON | ||||||
| 5.00 | 2634 | 0 | 0 | X | ||
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Reportable Comp From Org | 70943 | TotalReportableCompFromOrg |
| Formers Listed | false | FormersListed |
| Total Comp GT150 K | false | TotalCompGT150K |
| Compensation From Other Sources | false | CompensationFromOtherSources |
| Membership Dues | 355146 | MembershipDues |
| All Other Contributions | 9741 | AllOtherContributions |
| Total Contributions | 364887 | TotalContributions |
Investment Income InvestmentIncome
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Revenue Column | 1420 | TotalRevenueColumn |
| Related Or Exempt Function Income | 1420 | RelatedOrExemptFunctionIncome |
Other Revenue Misc OtherRevenueMisc (2 entries)
| DescriptionDescription | Total Revenue ColumnTotalRevenueColumn | Related Or Exempt Function IncomeRelatedOrExemptFunctionIncome |
|---|---|---|
| REIMBURSEMENTS | 5150 | 5150 |
| UNION WEAR | 1045 | 1045 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Other Revenue | 6195 | TotalOtherRevenue |
Total Revenue TotalRevenue
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Revenue Column | 372502 | TotalRevenueColumn |
| Related Or Exempt Function Income | 7615 | RelatedOrExemptFunctionIncome |
Comp Current Officers Directors CompCurrentOfficersDirectors
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 90744 | Total |
Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefits
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 5301 | Total |
Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxes
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 8324 | Total |
Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegal
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 22860 | Total |
Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccounting
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 1080 | Total |
Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOther
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 21001 | Total |
Advertising Advertising
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 167 | Total |
Office Expenses OfficeExpenses
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 8122 | Total |
Occupancy Occupancy
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 12634 | Total |
Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetings
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 39445 | Total |
Payments To Affiliates PaymentsToAffiliates
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 105903 | Total |
Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletion
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 2171 | Total |
Insurance Insurance
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 431 | Total |
Other Expenses OtherExpenses (4 entries)
| DescriptionDescription | TotalTotal |
|---|---|
| MOTIONS | 8278 |
| MILEAGE & TRAVEL | 7622 |
| RETIREMENT PARTY | 3541 |
| HONOR GUARD | 3023 |
All Other Expenses AllOtherExpenses
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 12301 | Total |
Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpenses
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 352948 | Total |
| Program Services | 0 | ProgramServices |
| Management And General | 0 | ManagementAndGeneral |
| Fundraising | 0 | Fundraising |
Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearing
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | 143881 | BOY |
| EOY | 82485 | EOY |
Savings And Temp Cash Investments SavingsAndTempCashInvestments
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | 179209 | BOY |
| EOY | 255628 | EOY |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Land Buildings Equipment Basis | 25883 | LandBuildingsEquipmentBasis |
| Land Bldg Equipment Accum Deprec | 22729 | LandBldgEquipmentAccumDeprec |
Land Buildings Equipment Basis Net LandBuildingsEquipmentBasisNet
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | 2217 | BOY |
| EOY | 3154 | EOY |
Total Assets TotalAssets
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | 325307 | BOY |
| EOY | 341267 | EOY |
Accounts Payable Accrued Expenses AccountsPayableAccruedExpenses
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | 280 | BOY |
| EOY | 3677 | EOY |
Other Liabilities OtherLiabilities
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | 19403 | BOY |
| EOY | 12412 | EOY |
Total Liabilities TotalLiabilities
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | 19683 | BOY |
| EOY | 16089 | EOY |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Do Not Follow SFAS117 | X | DoNotFollowSFAS117 |
Retained Earnings Endowment Etc RetainedEarningsEndowmentEtc
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | 305624 | BOY |
| EOY | 325178 | EOY |
Total Net Assets Fund Balances TotalNetAssetsFundBalances
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | 305624 | BOY |
| EOY | 325178 | EOY |
Total Liab Net Assets Fund Balances TotalLiabNetAssetsFundBalances
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | 325307 | BOY |
| EOY | 341267 | EOY |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Reconcilation Revenue Expenses | 19554 | ReconcilationRevenueExpenses |
| Method Of Accounting Accrual | X | MethodOfAccountingAccrual |
| Accountant Compile Or Review | false | AccountantCompileOrReview |
| FS Audited | false | FSAudited |
Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD
Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildings
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other Cost Or Other Basis | 25883 | OtherCostOrOtherBasis |
| Depreciation | 22729 | Depreciation |
| Book Value | 3154 | BookValue |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Of Book Value Land Buildings | 3154 | TotalOfBookValueLandBuildings |
Other Liabilities OtherLiabilities (2 entries)
| DescriptionDescription | AmountAmount |
|---|---|
| CONDUIT TRUST PAYABLE | $10,857 |
| PAC CLEARING BAL | $1,555 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Of Amounts | 12412 | TotalOfAmounts |
Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO
General Explanation GeneralExplanation (3 entries)
| IdentifierIdentifier | Return ReferenceReturnReference | ExplanationExplanation |
|---|---|---|
| ALL OTHER ACCOMPLISHMENT DESCRIPTION | FORM 990, PAGE 2, PART III, LINE 4D | APROXIMATELY 400 FIREFIGHTERS BENIFITED FROM TRAINING AND EDUCATION IN 2010 |
| ORGANIZATION'S PROCESS USED TO REVIEW FORM 990 | FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 11B | NO REVIEW WAS OR WILL BE CONDUCTED. |
| GOVERNING DOCUMENTS DISCLOSURE EXPLANATION | FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 19 | NO DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC |