ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INCORPORATED: Form 990, tax year 2010

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization: ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INCORPORATED (EIN 11-6107128)
Tax period: 2010-10-01 to 2011-09-30
Filed: 2012-03-19
IRS object ID: 201210799349300401
Schema version: 2010v3.7
Source: Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header
Form 990
Schedule A
Schedule B
Schedule C
Schedule D
Schedule F
Schedule G
Schedule I
Schedule J
Schedule L
Schedule M
Schedule O
Schedule R

Return header ReturnHeader

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Timestamp	2012-03-19T08:10:32-04:00	Timestamp
Tax Period End Date	2011-09-30	TaxPeriodEndDate

Preparer Firm PreparerFirm

Preparer Firm Business Name PreparerFirmBusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	EISNERAMPER LLP	BusinessNameLine1

Preparer Firm US Address PreparerFirmUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	750 THIRD AVENUE	AddressLine1
City	NEW YORK	City
State	NY	State
ZIP Code	100172703	ZIPCode

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return Type	990	ReturnType
Tax Period Begin Date	2010-10-01	TaxPeriodBeginDate

Filer Filer

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
EIN	116107128	EIN

Name Name

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	Environmental Defense Fund Inc	BusinessNameLine1

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Name Control	ENVI	NameControl
Phone	2125052100	Phone

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	257 Park Avenue South	AddressLine1
Address Line2	17th Floor	AddressLine2
City	New York	City
State	NY	State
ZIP Code	10010	ZIPCode

Officer Officer

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Name	Peter Accinno	Name
Title	Chief Financial Officer	Title
Date Signed	2012-03-16	DateSigned

Preparer Preparer

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Phone	2129498700	Phone

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Tax Year	2010	TaxYear
Build TS	2016-02-24 21:20:13Z	BuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Name Of Principal Officer Person	Frederic D Krupp	NameOfPrincipalOfficerPerson

Address Principal Officer US AddressPrincipalOfficerUS

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	257 PARK AVENUE SOUTH	AddressLine1
City	NEW YORK	City
State	NY	State
ZIP Code	10010	ZIPCode

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts	125085898	GrossReceipts
Group Return For Affiliates	false	GroupReturnForAffiliates
Organization501c3	X	Organization501c3
Web Site	www.edf.org	WebSite
Type Of Organization Corporation	X	TypeOfOrganizationCorporation
Year Formation	1967	YearFormation
State Legal Domicile	NY	StateLegalDomicile
Activity Or Mission Description	To preserve the natural systems on which all life depends. Guided by science, we design and transform markets to bring lasting solutions to the most serious environmental problems.	ActivityOrMissionDescription
Nbr Voting Members Governing Body	38	NbrVotingMembersGoverningBody
Nbr Independent Voting Members	37	NbrIndependentVotingMembers
Total Nbr Employees	480	TotalNbrEmployees
Total Nbr Volunteers	20	TotalNbrVolunteers
Total Gross UBI	-23221	TotalGrossUBI
Net Unrelated Business Txbl Income	-23221	NetUnrelatedBusinessTxblIncome
Contributions Grants Prior Year	52480737	ContributionsGrantsPriorYear
Contributions Grants Current Year	94076678	ContributionsGrantsCurrentYear
Program Service Revenue Prior Year	0	ProgramServiceRevenuePriorYear
Program Service Revenue CY	0	ProgramServiceRevenueCY
Investment Income Prior Year	1719438	InvestmentIncomePriorYear
Investment Income Current Year	1512627	InvestmentIncomeCurrentYear
Other Revenue Prior Year	693483	OtherRevenuePriorYear
Other Revenue Current Year	768956	OtherRevenueCurrentYear
Total Revenue Prior Year	54893658	TotalRevenuePriorYear
Total Revenue Current Year	96358261	TotalRevenueCurrentYear
Grants And Similar Amnts Prior Year	9061178	GrantsAndSimilarAmntsPriorYear
Grants And Similar Amnts CY	8826110	GrantsAndSimilarAmntsCY
Benefits Paid To Members Prior Year	0	BenefitsPaidToMembersPriorYear
Benefits Paid To Members CY	0	BenefitsPaidToMembersCY
Salaries Etc Prior Year	38695834	SalariesEtcPriorYear
Salaries Etc Current Year	41128103	SalariesEtcCurrentYear
Total Prof Fundrsng Exp Prior Year	996353	TotalProfFundrsngExpPriorYear
Total Prof Fundrsng Exp CY	668697	TotalProfFundrsngExpCY
Total Fundrsng Exp Current Year	10938888	TotalFundrsngExpCurrentYear
Other Expense Prior Year	39334091	OtherExpensePriorYear
Other Expenses Current Year	37917445	OtherExpensesCurrentYear
Total Expenses Prior Year	88087456	TotalExpensesPriorYear
Total Expenses Current Year	88540355	TotalExpensesCurrentYear
Revenues Less Expenses Prior Year	-33193798	RevenuesLessExpensesPriorYear
Revenues Less Expenses CY	7817906	RevenuesLessExpensesCY
Total Assets BOY	151858743	TotalAssetsBOY
Total Assets EOY	153964992	TotalAssetsEOY
Total Liabilities BOY	19661078	TotalLiabilitiesBOY
Total Liabilities EOY	16930820	TotalLiabilitiesEOY
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY	132197665	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOY
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY	137034172	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOY
Info In Schedule O Part III	X	InfoInScheduleOPartIII
Mission Description	Environmental Defense Fund's mission is to preserve the natural systems on which all life depends. Guided by science, we design and transform markets to bring lasting solutions to the most serious environmental problems.	MissionDescription
Significant New Program Services	false	SignificantNewProgramServices
Significant Change	false	SignificantChange
Expense	29277692	Expense
Grants	4100780	Grants
Description	Climate - See Schedule O	Description

Activity2 Activity2

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Expense	19923155	Expense
Grants	3044717	Grants
Description	Oceans - See Schedule O	Description

Activity3 Activity3

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Expense	12263074	Expense
Grants	699759	Grants
Description	Restoring EcoSystems - See Schedule O	Description

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Of Other Program Service Exp	9291016	TotalOfOtherProgramServiceExp
Total Of Other Program Service Grnt	1086809	TotalOfOtherProgramServiceGrnt
Total Program Service Expense	70754937	TotalProgramServiceExpense
Described In501 C3	true	DescribedIn501C3
Schedule B Required	true	ScheduleBRequired
Political Activities	false	PoliticalActivities
Lobbying Activities	true	LobbyingActivities
Donor Advised Funds	true	DonorAdvisedFunds
Conservation Easements	false	ConservationEasements
Collections Of Art	false	CollectionsOfArt
Credit Counseling	false	CreditCounseling
Term Or Permanent Endowments	true	TermOrPermanentEndowments
Report Land Bldg Equip	true	ReportLandBldgEquip
Report Invest Oth Securities	true	ReportInvestOthSecurities
Report Prog Rel Invest	false	ReportProgRelInvest
Report Other Assets	false	ReportOtherAssets
Report Other Liabilities	true	ReportOtherLiabilities
Report Fin48 Footnote	true	ReportFin48Footnote
Independent Audit Financial Stmt	false	IndependentAuditFinancialStmt
Consolidated Audit Financial Stmt	true	ConsolidatedAuditFinancialStmt
School	false	School
Foreign Office	true	ForeignOffice
Foreign Activities	true	ForeignActivities
More Than5000 K To Organizations	true	MoreThan5000KToOrganizations
More Than5000 K To Individuals	false	MoreThan5000KToIndividuals
Professional Fundraising	true	ProfessionalFundraising
Fundraising Activities	false	FundraisingActivities
Gaming	false	Gaming
Hospital	false	Hospital
Grants To Organizations	true	GrantsToOrganizations
Grants To Individuals	true	GrantsToIndividuals
Schedule J Required	true	ScheduleJRequired
Tax Exempt Bonds	false	TaxExemptBonds
Excess Benefit Transaction	false	ExcessBenefitTransaction
Prior Excess Benefit Transaction	false	PriorExcessBenefitTransaction
Loan To Officer Or DQP	false	LoanToOfficerOrDQP
Grant To Related Person	false	GrantToRelatedPerson
Bsnss Rltnshp With Organization	false	BsnssRltnshpWithOrganization
Bsnss Rltnshp Thru Family Member	true	BsnssRltnshpThruFamilyMember
Officer Entity With Bsnss Rltnshp	false	OfficerEntityWithBsnssRltnshp
Deductible Non Cash Contributions	true	DeductibleNonCashContributions
Deductible Contributions Of Art	false	DeductibleContributionsOfArt
Terminated	false	Terminated
Partial Liquidation	false	PartialLiquidation
Disregarded Entity	false	DisregardedEntity
Related Entity	true	RelatedEntity
Related Org Controlled Entity	false	RelatedOrgControlledEntity
Transaction Related Entity	false	TransactionRelatedEntity
Transfers To Exempt Non Chrtbl Org	true	TransfersToExemptNonChrtblOrg
Activities Conducted Partnership	false	ActivitiesConductedPartnership
Schedule O Required	true	ScheduleORequired
Number Forms Transmitted With1096	294	NumberFormsTransmittedWith1096
Number W2 G Included	0	NumberW2GIncluded
Compliance With Backup Witholding	true	ComplianceWithBackupWitholding
Number Of Employees	480	NumberOfEmployees
Employment Tax Returns Filed	true	EmploymentTaxReturnsFiled
Unrelated Business Income	true	UnrelatedBusinessIncome
Form990-T Filed	true	Form990-TFiled
Foreign Financial Account	true	ForeignFinancialAccount
Name Of Foreign Country	MX	NameOfForeignCountry
Name Of Foreign Country	CJ	NameOfForeignCountry
Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans	false	ProhibitedTaxShelterTrans
Taxable Party Notification	false	TaxablePartyNotification
Non Deductible Contributions	false	NonDeductibleContributions
Quid Pro Quo Contributions	false	QuidProQuoContributions
Form8282 Property Disposed Of	false	Form8282PropertyDisposedOf
Funds To Pay Premiums	false	FundsToPayPremiums
Premiums Paid	false	PremiumsPaid
Excess Business Holdings	false	ExcessBusinessHoldings
Taxable Distributions	false	TaxableDistributions
Distribution To Donor	false	DistributionToDonor
Indoor Tanning Services	false	IndoorTanningServices
Info In Schedule O Part VI	X	InfoInScheduleOPartVI
Nbr Voting Governing Body Members	38	NbrVotingGoverningBodyMembers
Number Independent Voting Members	37	NumberIndependentVotingMembers
Family Or Business Relationship	false	FamilyOrBusinessRelationship
Delegation Of Management Duties	false	DelegationOfManagementDuties
Changes To Organizing Docs	false	ChangesToOrganizingDocs
Material Diversion Or Misuse	false	MaterialDiversionOrMisuse
Members Or Stockholders	false	MembersOrStockholders
Election Of Board Members	false	ElectionOfBoardMembers
Decisions Subject To Approval	false	DecisionsSubjectToApproval
Minutes Of Governing Body	true	MinutesOfGoverningBody
Minutes Of Committees	true	MinutesOfCommittees
Officer Mailing Address	false	OfficerMailingAddress
Local Chapters	false	LocalChapters
Form990 Provided To Governing Body	true	Form990ProvidedToGoverningBody
Conflict Of Interest Policy	true	ConflictOfInterestPolicy
Annual Disclosure Covered Persons	true	AnnualDisclosureCoveredPersons
Regular Monitoring Enforcement	true	RegularMonitoringEnforcement
Whistleblower Policy	true	WhistleblowerPolicy
Document Retention Policy	true	DocumentRetentionPolicy
Compensation Process CEO	true	CompensationProcessCEO
Compensation Process Other	true	CompensationProcessOther
Investment In Joint Venture	false	InvestmentInJointVenture
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	AL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	AK	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	AZ	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	AR	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	CA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	CO	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	CT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	FL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	GA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	HI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	IL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	KS	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	KY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	LA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	ME	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	MD	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	MA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	MI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	MN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	MS	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	NV	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	NH	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	NJ	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	NM	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	NY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	NC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	ND	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	OH	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	OK	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	OR	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	PA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	RI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	SC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	TN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	UT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	VA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	WA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	WV	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
States Where Copy Of Return Is Filed	WI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
Own Website	X	OwnWebsite
Upon Request	X	UponRequest

The Books Are In Care Of TheBooksAreInCareOf

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Name Person	PETER ACCINNO	NamePerson
Telephone Number	2126161202	TelephoneNumber

Address US AddressUS

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	257 PARK AVENUE SOUTH	AddressLine1
City	New York	City
State	NY	State
ZIP Code	10010	ZIPCode

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionA (46 entries)

TitleTitle	Average Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeek	Individual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirector	OfficerOfficer	Reportable Comp From OrganizationReportableCompFromOrganization	Reportable Comp From Related OrgsReportableCompFromRelatedOrgs	Other CompensationOtherCompensation	Highest Compensated EmployeeHighestCompensatedEmployee
Carl Ferenbach
Chair	2.0	X	X	0	0	0
Arthur Kern
Vice Chair	2.0	X	X	0	0	0
Arthur P Cooley
Secretary	2.0	X	X	0	0	0
G Leonard Baker Jr
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Rod Beckstrom
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
James W B Benkard
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Sally G Bingham MDiv
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Shelby W Bonnie
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
William K Bowes Jr
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Ruth DeFries PhD
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Ann Doerr
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Susan Ford Dorsey
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Stanley Druckenmiller
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Roger Enrico
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Kirsten J Feldman
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Jeanne Donovan Fisher
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Lynn R Goldman MD MPH
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Hannelore Grantham
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Charles J Hamilton Jr
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Mark W Heising
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
The Honorable Thomas H Kean
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Ricardo Lagos
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Richard J Lazarus
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Sarah Liao Sau-tung PhD
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Frank Loy
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Susan Mandel
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Kathryn Murdoch
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
N J Nicholas Jr
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Kenneth Olden PhD ScD
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Signe Ostby
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Stephen W Pacala PhD
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Robert M Perkowitz
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Julian H Robertson Jr
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Peggy M Shepard
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Douglas W Shorenstein
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Sam Rawlings Walton
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Paul Junger Witt
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Charles F Wurster PhD
TRUSTEE	2.0	X		0	0	0
Frederic D Krupp
PRESIDENT	50.0		X	426032	0	52582
Elizabeth Henshaw
CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER	40.0		X	240564	0	38177
Peter Accinno
CFO & TREASURER	40.0		X	216950	0	18793
Daniel J Dudek
Vice President	40.0			296013	0	86587	X
David Festa
VP WEST COAST	40.0			282716	0	28706	X
Marcia Aronoff
VP MARKETING & COMMUNICATIONS	40.0			237863	0	25535	X
Cynthia Hampton
VP MARKETING & COMMUNICATIONS	40.0			231053	0	24322	X
Stephen W Cochran
VP - Climate & Air	40.0			214793	0	35474	X

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Reportable Comp From Org	2145984	TotalReportableCompFromOrg
Total Reportable Comp Frm Rltd Orgs	0	TotalReportableCompFrmRltdOrgs
Total Other Compensation	310176	TotalOtherCompensation
Number Individuals GT100 K	89	NumberIndividualsGT100K
Formers Listed	false	FormersListed
Total Comp GT150 K	true	TotalCompGT150K
Compensation From Other Sources	false	CompensationFromOtherSources

Contractor Compensation ContractorCompensation (5 entries)

Address Line1AddressOfContractor/AddressUS/AddressLine1	CityAddressOfContractor/AddressUS/City	StateAddressOfContractor/AddressUS/State	ZIP CodeAddressOfContractor/AddressUS/ZIPCode	Description Of ServicesDescriptionOfServices	CompensationCompensation
DICKSTEIN SHAPIRO LLP
P O BOX 759110	BALTIMORE	MD	212759110	Consul & Legal Svc	145933
KL GATES LLP
1601 K STREET NW	WASHINGTON	DC	20006	Consul & Legal Svc	697031
ECO ANALYTICS LLP
545 VEREDA DEL CIERVO	GOLETA	CA	93117	DESIGN&DATA ANALY	623233
MCELROY SULLIVAN MILLER LLP
PO BOX 12127	AUSTIN	TX	78711	Consulting Services	396268
DOROTHY LOWMAN
6507 SW BARNES ROAD	PORTLAND	OR	97225	NAT RESOURCE CONSULT	146006

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Number Of Contractors GT100 K	5	NumberOfContractorsGT100K
Federated Campaigns	193503	FederatedCampaigns
Government Grants	2357192	GovernmentGrants
All Other Contributions	91525983	AllOtherContributions
Noncash Contributions	2621432	NoncashContributions
Total Contributions	94076678	TotalContributions
Total Program Service Revenue	0	TotalProgramServiceRevenue

Investment Income InvestmentIncome

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	1031816	TotalRevenueColumn
Unrelated Business Revenue	-23221	UnrelatedBusinessRevenue
Exclusion	$1,055,037	ExclusionAmount

Income From Invest Bond Proceeds IncomeFromInvestBondProceeds

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	0	TotalRevenueColumn

Royalties Revenue RoyaltiesRevenue

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	0	TotalRevenueColumn

Gross Amount Sales Assets GrossAmountSalesAssets

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	29208448	Securities

Less Cost Oth Basis Sales Expenses LessCostOthBasisSalesExpenses

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	28727637	Securities

Gain Or Loss GainOrLoss

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	480811	Securities

Net Gain Or Loss Investments NetGainOrLossInvestments

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	480811	TotalRevenueColumn
Exclusion	$480,811	ExclusionAmount

Net Income From Fundraising Events NetIncomeFromFundraisingEvents

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	0	TotalRevenueColumn

Net Income From Gaming NetIncomeFromGaming

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	0	TotalRevenueColumn

Net Income Or Loss NetIncomeOrLoss

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	0	TotalRevenueColumn

Other Revenue Misc OtherRevenueMisc (2 entries)

DescriptionDescription	Total Revenue ColumnTotalRevenueColumn	ExclusionExclusionAmount
ROYALTIES AND LIST RENTAL FEES	213573	$213,573
OTHER REVENUE	555383	$555,383

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Other Revenue	768956	TotalOtherRevenue

Total Revenue TotalRevenue

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	96358261	TotalRevenueColumn
Unrelated Business Revenue	-23221	UnrelatedBusinessRevenue
Exclusion	$2,304,804	ExclusionAmount

Grants To Domestic Orgs GrantsToDomesticOrgs

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	4747214	Total
Program Services	4747214	ProgramServices

Grants To Domestic Individuals GrantsToDomesticIndividuals

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	114311	Total
Program Services	114311	ProgramServices

Foreign Grants ForeignGrants

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	3964585	Total
Program Services	3964585	ProgramServices

Benefits To Members BenefitsToMembers

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	0	Total

Comp Current Officers Directors CompCurrentOfficersDirectors

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	1061387	Total
Program Services	804965	ProgramServices
Management And General	77513	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	178909	Fundraising

Comp Disqual Persons CompDisqualPersons

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	0	Total

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWages

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	32009242	Total
Program Services	24276100	ProgramServices
Management And General	2337620	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	5395522	Fundraising

Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributions

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	1469980	Total
Program Services	1114846	ProgramServices
Management And General	107352	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	247782	Fundraising

Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefits

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	4139803	Total
Program Services	3139664	ProgramServices
Management And General	302328	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	697811	Fundraising

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxes

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	2447691	Total
Program Services	1856351	ProgramServices
Management And General	178754	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	412586	Fundraising

Fees For Services Management FeesForServicesManagement

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	0	Total

Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegal

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	780237	Total
Program Services	756830	ProgramServices
Management And General	11313	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	12094	Fundraising

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccounting

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	98000	Total
Management And General	98000	ManagementAndGeneral

Fees For Services Lobbying FeesForServicesLobbying

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	921528	Total
Program Services	921528	ProgramServices

Fees For Services Prof Fundraising FeesForServicesProfFundraising

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	668697	Total
Fundraising	668697	Fundraising

Fees For Services Invst Mgmnt Fees FeesForServicesInvstMgmntFees

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	142776	Total
Management And General	142776	ManagementAndGeneral

Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOther

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	14365384	Total
Program Services	14243021	ProgramServices
Fundraising	122363	Fundraising

Advertising Advertising

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	5260146	Total
Program Services	4870893	ProgramServices
Management And General	1961	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	387292	Fundraising

Office Expenses OfficeExpenses

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	1445209	Total
Program Services	911597	ProgramServices
Management And General	256652	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	276960	Fundraising

Information Technology InformationTechnology

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	1986696	Total
Program Services	1089715	ProgramServices
Management And General	433856	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	463125	Fundraising

Royalties Royalties

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	0	Total

Occupancy Occupancy

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	4723408	Total
Program Services	1934429	ProgramServices
Management And General	2040266	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	748713	Fundraising

Travel Travel

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	4101481	Total
Program Services	3441956	ProgramServices
Management And General	98934	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	560591	Fundraising

Travel Entrtnmnt Public Officials TravelEntrtnmntPublicOfficials

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	0	Total

Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetings

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	2094090	Total
Program Services	1748145	ProgramServices
Management And General	44547	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	301398	Fundraising

Interest Interest

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	128236	Total
Management And General	128236	ManagementAndGeneral

Payments To Affiliates PaymentsToAffiliates

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	0	Total

Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletion

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	1486278	Total
Program Services	438313	ProgramServices
Management And General	584729	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	463236	Fundraising

Insurance Insurance

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	116762	Total
Program Services	113260	ProgramServices
Management And General	1693	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	1809	Fundraising

Other Expenses OtherExpenses

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Description	MISCELLANEOUS	Description
Total	267214	Total
Program Services	267214	ProgramServices

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpenses

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	88540355	Total
Program Services	70754937	ProgramServices
Management And General	6846530	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	10938888	Fundraising

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Joint Costs	X	JointCosts

Total Joint Costs TotalJointCosts

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	6279916	Total
Program Services	4709871	ProgramServices
Management And General	582470	ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising	987575	Fundraising

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearing

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	4692041	BOY
EOY	2169567	EOY

Savings And Temp Cash Investments SavingsAndTempCashInvestments

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	9673228	BOY
EOY	3535914	EOY

Pledges And Grants Receivable PledgesAndGrantsReceivable

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	77812505	BOY
EOY	88753479	EOY

Accounts Receivable AccountsReceivable

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	228475	BOY
EOY	0	EOY

Inventories For Sale Or Use InventoriesForSaleOrUse

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	126586	BOY
EOY	100703	EOY

Prepaid Expenses Deferred Charges PrepaidExpensesDeferredCharges

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	764734	BOY
EOY	1060157	EOY

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Land Buildings Equipment Basis	12069965	LandBuildingsEquipmentBasis
Land Bldg Equipment Accum Deprec	7551286	LandBldgEquipmentAccumDeprec

Land Buildings Equipment Basis Net LandBuildingsEquipmentBasisNet

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	4456102	BOY
EOY	4518679	EOY

Investments Pub Traded Securities InvestmentsPubTradedSecurities

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	28946310	BOY
EOY	31789427	EOY

Investments Other Securities InvestmentsOtherSecurities

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	20619049	BOY
EOY	18390316	EOY

Other Assets Total OtherAssetsTotal

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	4539713	BOY
EOY	3646750	EOY

Total Assets TotalAssets

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	151858743	BOY
EOY	153964992	EOY

Accounts Payable Accrued Expenses AccountsPayableAccruedExpenses

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	5273892	BOY
EOY	4351631	EOY

Deferred Revenue DeferredRevenue

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	37651	BOY
EOY	30397	EOY

Mort Notes Pybl Secured Invest Prop MortNotesPyblSecuredInvestProp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	2023847	BOY
EOY	1489853	EOY

Other Liabilities OtherLiabilities

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	12325688	BOY
EOY	11058939	EOY

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilities

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	19661078	BOY
EOY	16930820	EOY

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Follow SFAS117	X	FollowSFAS117

Unrestricted Net Assets UnrestrictedNetAssets

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	41070733	BOY
EOY	39235319	EOY

Temporarily Restricted Net Assets TemporarilyRestrictedNetAssets

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	87390434	BOY
EOY	94062355	EOY

Permanently Restricted Net Assets PermanentlyRestrictedNetAssets

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	3736498	BOY
EOY	3736498	EOY

Total Net Assets Fund Balances TotalNetAssetsFundBalances

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	132197665	BOY
EOY	137034172	EOY

Total Liab Net Assets Fund Balances TotalLiabNetAssetsFundBalances

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	151858743	BOY
EOY	153964992	EOY

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Info In Schedule O Part XI	X	InfoInScheduleOPartXI
Reconcilation Revenue Expenses	7817906	ReconcilationRevenueExpenses
Reconcilation Other Changes	-2981399	ReconcilationOtherChanges
Method Of Accounting Accrual	X	MethodOfAccountingAccrual
Accountant Compile Or Review	false	AccountantCompileOrReview
FS Audited	true	FSAudited
Audit Committee	true	AuditCommittee
Financial Statement Consolidated	X	FinancialStatementConsolidated
Federal Grant Audit Required	true	FederalGrantAuditRequired
Federal Grant Audit Performed	true	FederalGrantAuditPerformed

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Publicly Supported Org170b1 Avi	X	PubliclySupportedOrg170b1Avi

Gifts Grants Contrib Received170 GiftsGrantsContribReceived170

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	83827034	CurrentTaxYearMinus4Years
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	122134631	CurrentTaxYearMinus3Years
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	126116250	CurrentTaxYearMinus2Years
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	52480737	CurrentTaxYearMinus1Year
Current Tax Year	94076678	CurrentTaxYear
Total	478635330	Total

Total170 Total170

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	83827034	CurrentTaxYearMinus4Years
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	122134631	CurrentTaxYearMinus3Years
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	126116250	CurrentTaxYearMinus2Years
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	52480737	CurrentTaxYearMinus1Year
Current Tax Year	94076678	CurrentTaxYear
Total	478635330	Total

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Amounts Subst Contributors Total	118025015	AmountsSubstContributorsTotal
Public Support Total170	360610315	PublicSupportTotal170

Gross Investment Income170 GrossInvestmentIncome170

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	919929	CurrentTaxYearMinus4Years
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	1090838	CurrentTaxYearMinus3Years
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	686847	CurrentTaxYearMinus2Years
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	744107	CurrentTaxYearMinus1Year
Current Tax Year	1031816	CurrentTaxYear
Total	4473537	Total

Other Income170 OtherIncome170

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	158495	CurrentTaxYearMinus4Years
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	153239	CurrentTaxYearMinus3Years
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	1163670	CurrentTaxYearMinus2Years
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	693483	CurrentTaxYearMinus1Year
Current Tax Year	403352	CurrentTaxYear
Total	2572239	Total

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Support	485681106	TotalSupport
Gross Receipts From Admissions Etc	1458252	GrossReceiptsFromAdmissionsEtc
Public Support Pertcentage170	0.74248	PublicSupportPertcentage170
Public Support Pertcent Prior Year	0.74732	PublicSupportPertcentPriorYear
Thirty Three Percnt Tests CY170	X	ThirtyThreePercntTestsCY170

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Info ContributorInfo

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Contributor Number	RESTRICTED	ContributorNumber

Contributor Name Business ContributorNameBusiness

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	RESTRICTED	BusinessNameLine1

Contributor Address US ContributorAddressUS

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	RESTRICTED	AddressLine1
Address Line2	RESTRICTED	AddressLine2
City	RESTRICTED	City
State	RESTRICTED	State
ZIP Code	RESTRICTED	ZIPCode

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Aggregate Contributions	RESTRICTED	AggregateContributions

Schedule C IRS990ScheduleC

Total Grassroots Lobbying TotalGrassrootsLobbying

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Totals	240143	FilingOrganizationsTotals

Total Direct Lobbying TotalDirectLobbying

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Totals	681386	FilingOrganizationsTotals

Total Lobbying Expenditures TotalLobbyingExpenditures

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Totals	921529	FilingOrganizationsTotals

Other Exempt Purpose Expenditures OtherExemptPurposeExpenditures

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Totals	87618827	FilingOrganizationsTotals

Total Exempt Purpose Expenditures TotalExemptPurposeExpenditures

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Totals	88540356	FilingOrganizationsTotals

Lobbying Nontaxable LobbyingNontaxableAmount

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Totals	1000000	FilingOrganizationsTotals

Grassroots Nontaxable GrassrootsNontaxableAmount

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Filing Organizations Totals	250000	FilingOrganizationsTotals

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Tot Lobbying Grassroot Minus Non Tx		TotLobbyingGrassrootMinusNonTx
Tot Lobby Expend Mns Lobbying Nontx		TotLobbyExpendMnsLobbyingNontx

Lobbying Nontaxable Amount2 LobbyingNontaxableAmount2

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Year Minus3	1000000	CurrentYearMinus3
Current Year Minus2	1000000	CurrentYearMinus2
Current Year Minus1	1000000	CurrentYearMinus1
Current Year	1000000	CurrentYear
Total	4000000	Total

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Lobbying Ceiling	$6,000,000	LobbyingCeilingAmount

Total Lobbying Expenditures2 TotalLobbyingExpenditures2

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Year Minus3	922617	CurrentYearMinus3
Current Year Minus2	889883	CurrentYearMinus2
Current Year Minus1	896377	CurrentYearMinus1
Current Year	921529	CurrentYear
Total	3630406	Total

Grassroots Nontaxable Amount2 GrassrootsNontaxableAmount2

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Year Minus3	250000	CurrentYearMinus3
Current Year Minus2	250000	CurrentYearMinus2
Current Year Minus1	250000	CurrentYearMinus1
Current Year	250000	CurrentYear
Total	1000000	Total

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grassroots Ceiling	$1,500,000	GrassrootsCeilingAmount

Grassroots Lobbying Expenditures GrassrootsLobbyingExpenditures

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Year Minus3	231578	CurrentYearMinus3
Current Year Minus2	222471	CurrentYearMinus2
Current Year Minus1	250000	CurrentYearMinus1
Current Year	240143	CurrentYear
Total	944192	Total

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Number DA Fs Held	2	NumberDAFsHeld
Donor Advised Contributions	437066	DonorAdvisedContributions
Grants Paid From Donor Funds	203005	GrantsPaidFromDonorFunds
Aggregate DAF Value	1251209	AggregateDAFValue
Disclosed Orgs Legal Control	true	DisclosedOrgsLegalControl
Disclosed For Charitable Purposes	true	DisclosedForCharitablePurposes
Art Public Exhibition Amts		ArtPublicExhibitionAmts
Held Works Of Art Amts		HeldWorksOfArtAmts

Current Year CurrentYear

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Of Year Balance	4533102	BeginningOfYearBalance
Investment Earnings Or Losses	212740	InvestmentEarningsOrLosses
Other Expenditures	253787	OtherExpenditures
End Of Year Balance	4492055	EndOfYearBalance

Current Year Minus1 Year CurrentYearMinus1Year

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Of Year Balance	4533102	BeginningOfYearBalance
End Of Year Balance	4533102	EndOfYearBalance

Current Year Minus2 Years CurrentYearMinus2Years

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Of Year Balance	4533102	BeginningOfYearBalance
End Of Year Balance	4533102	EndOfYearBalance

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Permanent Endowment EOY Balance	0.83080	PermanentEndowmentEOYBalance
Term Endowment EOY Balance	0.16820	TermEndowmentEOYBalance
Endowments Held By Unrelated Orgs	false	EndowmentsHeldByUnrelatedOrgs
Endowments Held By Related Orgs	false	EndowmentsHeldByRelatedOrgs
Land		Land

Buildings Buildings

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	393319	OtherCostOrOtherBasis
Book Value	393319	BookValue

Leasehold Improvements LeaseholdImprovements

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	4635275	OtherCostOrOtherBasis
Depreciation	3325234	Depreciation
Book Value	1310041	BookValue

Equipment Equipment

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	3193954	OtherCostOrOtherBasis
Depreciation	1814841	Depreciation
Book Value	1379113	BookValue

Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildings

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	3847417	OtherCostOrOtherBasis
Depreciation	2411211	Depreciation
Book Value	1436206	BookValue

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Of Book Value Land Buildings	4518679	TotalOfBookValueLandBuildings
Financial Derivatives		FinancialDerivatives
Closely Held Equity Interests		CloselyHeldEquityInterests

Other Securities OtherSecurities (4 entries)

DescriptionDescription	Book ValueBookValue	Method Of ValuationMethodOfValuation
SPLIT INTEREST AGREEMENTS	6955790	F
FUND OF FUNDS	10903830	F
PRIVATE EQUITIES	54432	F
VENTURE CAPITAL	476264	F

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Of Book Value Securities	18390316	TotalOfBookValueSecurities
Federal Income Tax Liability	0	FederalIncomeTaxLiability

Other Liabilities OtherLiabilities (7 entries)

DescriptionDescription	AmountAmount
OTHER DEPOSITS	$2,333
DEFERRED RENT	$47,742
ANNUITIES PAYABLE	$4,384,880
SPLIT INT AGREEMENT LIABILITY	$245,542
RETIREMENT PLAN LIABILITY	$1,346,957
ACTION FUND	$4,948,007
OTHER PROGRAM RELATED LIABILIT	$83,478

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Of Amounts	11058939	TotalOfAmounts
Total Revenue	96358261	TotalRevenue
Total Expenses	88540355	TotalExpenses
Excess Or Deficit For Year	7817906	ExcessOrDeficitForYear
Net Unrealized GL On Investments	-2981399	NetUnrealizedGLOnInvestments
Total Adjustments	-2981399	TotalAdjustments
Excess Or Deficit Per FS	4836507	ExcessOrDeficitPerFS
Tot Revenue Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	93376862	TotRevenueEtcAuditedFinclStmt
Net Unrealized Gains Investments	-2981399	NetUnrealizedGainsInvestments
Revenue Not Rptd F990	-2981399	RevenueNotRptdF990
Revenue Subtotal	96358261	RevenueSubtotal
Total Revenue Per Form990	96358261	TotalRevenuePerForm990
Tot Expenses Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	88540355	TotExpensesEtcAuditedFinclStmt
Expenses Subtotal	88540355	ExpensesSubtotal
Total Expenses Per Form990	88540355	TotalExpensesPerForm990

Form990 Schedule D Part XIV Form990ScheduleDPartXIV (2 entries)

IdentifierIdentifier	Return ReferenceReturnReference	ExplanationExplanation
ENDOWMENT FUNDS	SCHEDULE D, PART V, LINE 4	THE ORGANIZATION'S ENDOWMENT CONSISTS OF NINETEEN INDIVIDUAL FUNDS ESTABLISHED FOR A VARIETY OF PURPOSES AND CONSISTING ENTIRELY OF DONOR-RESTRICTED FUNDS. THE ORGANIZATION HAS ADOPTED INVESTMENT AND SPENDING POLICIES FOR ENDOWMENT ASSETS THAT ATTEMPT TO PROVIDE A PREDICTABLE STREAM OF FUNDING FOR PROGRAMS SUPPORTED BY ITS ENDOWMENT WHILE SEEKING TO MAINTAIN THE PURCHASING POWER OF THE ENDOWMENT ASSETS. UNDER THIS POLICY, AS APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES, THE ENDOWMENT ASSETS ARE INVESTED WITH A FOCUS ON EARNING MARKET RETURNS OR BETTER WHILE ASSUMING A MODERATE LEVEL OF INVESTMENT RISK.
INCOME TAX DISCLOSURE	PART X LINE 2	The Organization is subject to the provisions of ASC 740-10-05, relating to accounting and reporting for uncertainty in income taxes. Because of the Organization's general tax-exempt status, ASC 740-10-05 has not had, and is not expected to have, a material impact on the Organization's consolidated and consolidating financial statements.

Schedule F IRS990ScheduleF

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grant Records Maintained	true	GrantRecordsMaintained

Accts Actvs Out US Table AcctsActvsOutUSTable (6 entries)

RegionRegion	Number Of OfficesNumberOfOffices	Number Of EmployeesNumberOfEmployees	Type Of Activities ConductedTypeOfActivitiesConducted	Total ExpendituresTotalExpenditures
North America	1	8	Grantmaking	194468
South America			Grantmaking	1070672
Russia and the Newly Independent States			Grantmaking	109500
Europe (Including Iceland and Greenland)			Grantmaking	130000
South Asia			Grantmaking	186320
East Asia and the Pacific	1	15	Grantmaking	2273625

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Subtotal Number Of Offices	2	SubtotalNumberOfOffices
Subtotal Number Of Employees	23	SubtotalNumberOfEmployees
Total Number Of Offices	2	TotalNumberOfOffices
Total Number Of Employees	23	TotalNumberOfEmployees
Subtotal Amount Spent	3964585	SubtotalAmountSpent
Total Amount Spent	3964585	TotalAmountSpent

Grants To Orgs Outside US GrantsToOrgsOutsideUS (23 entries)

RegionRegion	Purpose Of GrantPurposeOfGrant	Amount Of Cash GrantAmountOfCashGrant
North America	General Support	146968
South America	Sustainable Fisheries Initiative Belize	37400
Russia	Russia methane study	22000
North America	Mexico for REDD	24550
Europe/Iceland/Greenland	NZ EU landowners study	100000
South America	Brazil emissions reductions	60000
South America	Brazil emissions reductions	91800
South America	Brazil emissions reductions	294072
South America	emissions reductions in Brazil	30000
Russia	Methane materials	7500
South America	LULUCF Strategies	15000
South Asia	India low carbon	10000
North America	General Support	12950
South Asia	Water Resources Mgt	160000
South America	Brazil General Support	118000
East Asia/Pacific	China General Support	2273625
South America	Bolivia Indigenous peoples	40500
Europe/Iceland/Greenland	India parliamentarians support	30000
Russia	Russia General Support	80000
South America	Brazil General Support	50000
South America	Brazil General Support	333900
North America	CO Delta Water Trust	10000
South Asia	India General Support	16320

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Number Of501c3 Orgs	17	TotalNumberOf501c3Orgs
Total Number Of Other Orgs	6	TotalNumberOfOtherOrgs
Transfer To Foreign Corp	true	TransferToForeignCorp
Interest In Foreign Trust	false	InterestInForeignTrust
Own Foreign Corp	false	OwnForeignCorp
Passive Foreign Invest Co	false	PassiveForeignInvestCo
Foreign Partnership	false	ForeignPartnership
Boycott Countries	false	BoycottCountries

Form990 Schedule F Part V Form990ScheduleFPartV

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Identifier	GRANTS AND OTHER ASSISTANCE OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES	Identifier
Return Reference	PART I, LINE 2	ReturnReference
Explanation	The Organization has a number of grants and other assistance it provides to other entities. The majority of these grants are to other environmental and like minded entities that perform work alongside of EDF in the accomplishment of its mission. EDF monitors the performance of the grant recipients by written reports, site visits, verbal communication and review. Partial payments are typically made on a sub-grant until a pattern of proven achievements on objectives is demonstrated. In the end EDF typically prepares a report to funding entities on the use of grant funds -both by itself and by any sub-grant recipients.	Explanation

Schedule G IRS990ScheduleG

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Mail Solicitations	X	MailSolicitations
Email Solicitations	X	EmailSolicitations
Phone Solicitations	X	PhoneSolicitations
In Person Solicitations	X	InPersonSolicitations
Solicitation Of Non Govt Grants	X	SolicitationOfNonGovtGrants
Solicitation Of Govt Grants	X	SolicitationOfGovtGrants
Agreement Ref Fundraising	true	AgreementRefFundraising

Fundraiser Activity Information FundraiserActivityInformation (5 entries)

Name Of IndividualNameOfIndividual	ActivityActivity	Fundraiser Control Of FundsFundraiserControlOfFunds	Gross ReceiptsGrossReceipts	Amount Retained By ContractorAmountRetainedByContractor	Net To OrganizationNetToOrganization
INTEGRAL RESOURCES INC	DIRECT FUNDRAISING	false	452631	355659	96972
PUBLIC INTEREST COMMUNICATIO	DIRECT FUNDRAISING	false	356354	128601	227753
COMNET MARKETING GROUP INC	TELEPHONE FUNDRAISING	false	81845	79437	2408
INTEGRATED DIRECT MARKETING	FUNDRAISING COUNSEL	false	0	50000	0
SEA CHANGE DIRECT MARKETING	FUNDRAISING COUNSEL	false	0	55000	0

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Gross Receipts	890830	TotalGrossReceipts
Total Retained By Contractors	668697	TotalRetainedByContractors
Total Net To Organization	327133	TotalNetToOrganization
Licensed States	AL	LicensedStates
Licensed States	AK	LicensedStates
Licensed States	AZ	LicensedStates
Licensed States	AR	LicensedStates
Licensed States	CA	LicensedStates
Licensed States	CO	LicensedStates
Licensed States	CT	LicensedStates
Licensed States	FL	LicensedStates
Licensed States	GA	LicensedStates
Licensed States	HI	LicensedStates
Licensed States	IL	LicensedStates
Licensed States	KS	LicensedStates
Licensed States	KY	LicensedStates
Licensed States	LA	LicensedStates
Licensed States	ME	LicensedStates
Licensed States	MD	LicensedStates
Licensed States	MA	LicensedStates
Licensed States	MI	LicensedStates
Licensed States	MN	LicensedStates
Licensed States	MS	LicensedStates
Licensed States	NV	LicensedStates
Licensed States	NH	LicensedStates
Licensed States	NJ	LicensedStates
Licensed States	NM	LicensedStates
Licensed States	NY	LicensedStates
Licensed States	NC	LicensedStates
Licensed States	ND	LicensedStates
Licensed States	OH	LicensedStates
Licensed States	OK	LicensedStates
Licensed States	OR	LicensedStates
Licensed States	PA	LicensedStates
Licensed States	RI	LicensedStates
Licensed States	SC	LicensedStates
Licensed States	TN	LicensedStates
Licensed States	UT	LicensedStates
Licensed States	VA	LicensedStates
Licensed States	WA	LicensedStates
Licensed States	WV	LicensedStates
Licensed States	WI	LicensedStates

Schedule I IRS990ScheduleI

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Records Maintained	true	RecordsMaintained

Recipient Table RecipientTable (47 entries)

Address Line1AddressUS/AddressLine1	CityAddressUS/City	StateAddressUS/State	ZIP CodeAddressUS/ZIPCode	EIN Of RecipientEINOfRecipient	IRC SectionIRCSection	Amount Of Cash GrantAmountOfCashGrant	Purpose Of GrantPurposeOfGrant
California League of Conservation Voters
350 Frank H Ogawa Plaza 1100	Oakland	CA	94612	943169564	501(C)(3)	15000	general operating purposes
Defenders of Wildlife
1130 17th St NW	Washington	DC	20036	530183181	501(C)(3)	139464	CO River Basin study
Longleaf Alliance Inc (The)
13693 Pine Forest Rd	Adalusia	AL	36420	753263645	501(C)(3)	20000	Longleaf mgt restoration
Northern California Water Association
455 Capitol Mall	Sacramento	CA	95814	680273555	501(C)(3)	20000	CA Water rights policy
USDA Agricultural Research Service
1815 N University Street	Peoria	IL	61604	720564834	501(C)(3)	30000	Geospatial framework
Western Resource Advocates
2260 Baseline Road	Doulder	CO	80302	841113831	501(C)(3)	30000	CO clean air, climate, energy advocacy
Heidelberg University
310 East Market Street	Tiffin	OH	44883	344428219	501(C)(3)	69500	Maumee watershed
Eco Analytics
545 Vereda del Ciervo	Goleta	CA	93117	262479585		80000	fisheries management
Gulf Fishermen's Association Inc
PO Box 14894	Bradenton	FL	34280	550869235	501(C)(3)	160050	fisheries mgt reform
Humane Society International
2100 L Street	Washington	DC	20037	521769464	501(C)(3)	64700	coral conservation
Oregon State University
Trish House 104 Nash Hall	Corvallis	OR	97331	481278540		7000	West Coast Fish workshop
Snook Foundation Inc dba Snook and Gamefish Found
5224 West State Road 46 102	Sanford	IL	32771	650839514	501(C)(3)	25000	voluntary data program
Society for Organizational Learning Inc
1 Broadway	Cambridge	MA	021420001	522013044	501(C)(3)	85835	Mexico fisheries
The Sport Fishing Conservancy
200 Nieto Avenue	Long Beach	CA	90803	208948522	501(C)(3)	20000	conservation-oriented fishing
Turner Foundation Inc
133 Luckie Street	Atlanta	GA	30303	581924590	501(C)(3)	30000	voluntary data program
University of Alabama at Birmingham
1665 University Boulevard	Birmingham	AL	35294	636005396	501(C)(3)	8300	Gulf seafood safety
University of Massachusetts
285 Old Wesport Road	North Dartmouth	MA	027472300	043167352		50000	spatial mgt strategies
University of Washington
4333 Brooklyn Avenue NE	Seattle	WA	98195	916001537		99119	fisheries research
Climate Action Reserve
523 W 6th Street	Los Angeles	CA	90014	680477330	501(C)(3)	6000	Global Climate Change Summit
CUB Consumer Education and Research Fund
309 W Washington Street	Chicago	IL	60606	204904719	501(C)(3)	115200	IL smart grid initiatives
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
77 Massachusetts Ave	Cambridge	MA	021390000	042103594	501(C)(3)	50000	carbon-efficient logistics strategy
Sun State International Trucks LLC
6020 Adamo Drive	Tampa	FL	33619	593750718		81177	DERA hybrid trucks
Tracey Road Equipmnet Inc
6803 Manlius Center Road	East Syracuse	NY	13057	161058204		40000	DERA hybrid trucks
InnoCentive Inc
610 Lincoln Street	Waltham	MA	024510000	203437526		32500	crowd-sourcing Innocentive platform
California Fisheries Fund
257 Park Avenue South	New York	NY	10010	260873741	501(C)(3)	50000	General Suppport
Environmental Defense Action Fund
257 Park Avenue South	New York	NY	10010	900080500	501(C)(4)	600000	EDF 501(h) EDAF lobbying
Coaliton to Restore Coastal Louisiana
6160 Perkins Road 225	Baton Rouge	LA	70808	721115589	501(C)(3)	75000	restore coastal Louisiana
Defiance Soil and Water Conservation District
06879 Evansport Road	Defiance	OH	43512	346400373	501(C)(3)	10000	Upper Maumee Watershed
Duke University
2200 West Main Street	Durham	NC	27708	560532129	501(C)(3)	412606	Fisheries forum
Gulf Of Mexico Reef Fish Shareholder's Alliance
4415 Ave S	Galveston	TX	75582	262524327	501(C)(6)	266875	fisheries mgt reform
Intercultural Center for the Study of Deserts and
4455 N Camino Cardenal	Tuscon	AZ	85718	860578996	501(C)(3)	17500	Mexico General Support
Kenworth CB
42 Wallace Avenue	Portland	ME	041060000	010329487		40000	Hybrid Delivery Trucks
Lake Pontchartrain Basin Foundation
PO Box 6965	Metairie	LA	70009	721152784	501(C)(3)	75000	Louisiana Coastal Outreach
Ocean Conservancy
1300 19th Street	Washington	DC	20036	237245152	501(C)(3)	50000	Aquaculture Support
Pepsi Beverage Company
9025 River Road	Indianapolis	IN	46240	352015991		108359	Hybrid Delivery Trucks
South Atlantic Fishermen's Association
PO Box 80938	Charleston	SC	29416	273165836	501(C)(6)	110800	fisheries mgt reform
Southern Connecticut Freightliner
15 East Industrial Rd	Branford	CT	064050000	060787534		26324	Hybrid Delivery Trucks
Stanford University
PO Box 44253	San Francisco	CA	94144	941156365	501(C)(3)	186000	Fisheries forum
The Nature Conservancy
201 Mission Street	San Francisco	CA	94105	530242652	501(C)(3)	300000	Brazil General Support
University of New Hampshire
51 College Road	Durham	NH	038240000	026000937	501(C)(3)	60801	fisheries research
Wildlife Conservation Society
2300 Southern Blvd	Bronx	NY	10460	131740011	501(C)(3)	24059	Deforestation & Forest Deregulation
World Media Foundation Inc
20 Holland Street	Somerville	MA	021440000	043150786	501(C)(3)	10000	Green Community
World Wildlife Fund
1250 24th Street	Washington DC	DC	20037	521693387	501(C)(3)	829981	Mexico Oceans Support
University of Connecticut
438 Whitney Road	Storrs	CT	062690000	060772160	501(C)(1)	20000	Fisheries Stakeholders Research
Mount Holyoke College
50 College Street	South Hadley	MA	010750000	042103578	501(C)(3)	15755	DAF General Support
The Nature Conservancy
PO Box 4125	Baton Rouge	LA	70821	532442652	501(C)(3)	10000	DAF General Support
The Sierra Club Foundation
85 Second Street	San Francisco	CA	10004	946069890	501(C)(3)	5500	DAF General Support

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Nbr Of501 C3 And Govt Grants	33	TotalNbrOf501C3AndGovtGrants
Total Nbr Of Other Organizations	14	TotalNbrOfOtherOrganizations

Form990 Schedule I Part III Form990ScheduleIPartIII (4 entries)

Type Of GrantTypeOfGrant	Number Of RecipientsNumberOfRecipients	Amount Of Cash GrantAmountOfCashGrant	Method Of ValuationMethodOfValuation	Description Of Non Cash AssistanceDescriptionOfNonCashAssistance
SEAFOOD SUMMIT	1	32000	N/A	N/A
HALIBUT EXCLUDER DEVICE	1	29561	N/A	N/A
FISHERIES RESEARCH	1	47500	N/A	N/A
GENERAL SUPPORT	1	5250	N/A	N/A

Form990 Schedule I Part IV Form990ScheduleIPartIV

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Identifier	GRANTS AND OTHER ASSISTANCE	Identifier
Return Reference	SCHEDULE I, PART I, LINE 2	ReturnReference
Explanation	The Organization has a number of grants and other assistance it provides to other charities and quasi-governmental entities in the U.S. The majority of these grants are to other environmental 501(c)3 non-profit entities that perform work alongside of EDF in the accomplishment of its mission. EDF monitors the performance of the grant recipients by written reports, site visits, verbal communication and review. Partial payments are typically made on a sub-grant until a pattern of proven achievements on objectives is demonstrated. In the end EDF typically prepares a report to funding entities on the use of grant funds -both by itself and by any sub-grant recipients.	Explanation

Schedule J IRS990ScheduleJ

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Housing Allowance Or Residence	X	HousingAllowanceOrResidence
Written Policy Re T And E Expenses	true	WrittenPolicyReTAndEExpenses
Substantiation Required	true	SubstantiationRequired
Compensation Committee	X	CompensationCommittee
Independent Consultant	X	IndependentConsultant
Form990 Of Other Organizations	X	Form990OfOtherOrganizations
Compensation Survey	X	CompensationSurvey
Board Or Committee Approval	X	BoardOrCommitteeApproval
Severance Payment	false	SeverancePayment
Supplemental Nonqual Retire Plan	true	SupplementalNonqualRetirePlan
Equity Based Comp Arrangement	false	EquityBasedCompArrangement
Comp Based On Revenue Of Filing Org	false	CompBasedOnRevenueOfFilingOrg
Comp Based On Revenue Related Orgs	false	CompBasedOnRevenueRelatedOrgs
Comp Based Net Earnings Filing Org	false	CompBasedNetEarningsFilingOrg
Comp Based Net Earnings Relate Orgs	false	CompBasedNetEarningsRelateOrgs
Any Non Fixed Payments	false	AnyNonFixedPayments
Initial Contract Exception	false	InitialContractException

Form990 Schedule J Part II Form990ScheduleJPartII (8 entries)

Base Compensation Filing OrgBaseCompensationFilingOrg	Comp Based On Related OrgsCompBasedOnRelatedOrgs	Bonus Filing OrgBonusFilingOrg	Bonus Related OrgsBonusRelatedOrgs	Other Compensation Filing OrgOtherCompensationFilingOrg	Other Compensation Related OrgsOtherCompensationRelatedOrgs	Deferred Comp Filing OrgDeferredCompFilingOrg	Deferred Comp Related OrgsDeferredCompRelatedOrgs	Nontaxable Benefits Filing OrgNontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg	Nontaxable Benefits Related OrgsNontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs	Total Compensation Filing OrgTotalCompensationFilingOrg	Total Compensation Related OrgsTotalCompensationRelatedOrgs	Comp Report Prior990 Filing OrgCompReportPrior990FilingOrg	Comp Report Prior990 Related OrgsCompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs
Frederic D Krupp
400032	0	26000	0	0	0	34869	0	17713	0	478614	0	0	0
Elizabeth Henshaw
230564	0	10000	0	0	0	20464	0	17713	0	278741	0	0	0
Peter Accinno
216950	0	0	0	0	0	17645	0	1148	0	235743	0	0	0
Daniel J Dudek
296013	0	0	0	0	0	68874	0	17713	0	382600	0	83444	0
David Festa
210216	0	2500	0	70000	0	17598	0	11108	0	311422	0	0	0
Marcia Aronoff
234363	0	3500	0	0	0	19987	0	5548	0	263398	0	0	0
Cynthia Hampton
229053	0	2000	0	0	0	18774	0	5548	0	255375	0	0	0
Stephen W Cochran
212293	0	2500	0	0	0	17761	0	17713	0	250267	0	0	0

Form990 Schedule J Part III Form990ScheduleJPartIII

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Identifier	OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, TRUSTEES, KEY EMPLOYEES	Identifier
Return Reference	SCHEDULE J, PART II	ReturnReference
Explanation	REPORTABLE COMPENSATION OF $70,000 FOR DAVID FESTA REPRESENTS A HOUSING ALLOWANCE.	Explanation

Schedule L IRS990ScheduleL

Form990 Schedule L Part IV Form990ScheduleLPartIV

Name Of Interested Person NameOfInterestedPerson

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Name Person	ISABEL GRANTHAM	NamePerson

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Relationship	DAUGHTER OF TRUSTEE	Relationship
Amount Of Transaction	38792	AmountOfTransaction
Description Of Transaction	COMPENSATION	DescriptionOfTransaction
Sharing Of Revenues	false	SharingOfRevenues

Schedule M IRS990ScheduleM

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Works Of Art		WorksOfArt
Art Historical Treasures		ArtHistoricalTreasures
Art Fractional Interest		ArtFractionalInterest
Books And Publications		BooksAndPublications
Clothing And Household Goods		ClothingAndHouseholdGoods
Cars And Other Vehicles		CarsAndOtherVehicles
Boats And Planes		BoatsAndPlanes
Intellectual Property		IntellectualProperty

Securities Publicly Traded SecuritiesPubliclyTraded

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Non Cash Checkbox	X	NonCashCheckbox
Number Of Contributions	78	NumberOfContributions
Noncash Contribs Rptd F990	2640703	NoncashContribsRptdF990
Method Of Determining Revenues	FMV	MethodOfDeterminingRevenues

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities Closely Held Stock		SecuritiesCloselyHeldStock
Securities Prtnrshp Trust Intrsts		SecuritiesPrtnrshpTrustIntrsts
Securities Miscellaneous		SecuritiesMiscellaneous
Qualified Contrib Hist Struct		QualifiedContribHistStruct
Qualified Contrib Other		QualifiedContribOther
Real Estate Residential		RealEstateResidential
Real Estate Commercial		RealEstateCommercial
Real Estate Other		RealEstateOther
Collectibles		Collectibles
Food Inventory		FoodInventory
Drugs And Medical Supplies		DrugsAndMedicalSupplies
Taxidermy		Taxidermy
Historical Artifacts		HistoricalArtifacts
Scientific Specimens		ScientificSpecimens
Archaeological Artifacts		ArchaeologicalArtifacts
Any Property That Must Be Held	false	AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeld
Review Process Unusual NC Gifts	true	ReviewProcessUnusualNCGifts
Third Parties Used	false	ThirdPartiesUsed

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

General Explanation GeneralExplanation (12 entries)

IdentifierIdentifier	Return ReferenceReturnReference	ExplanationExplanation
REVIEW OF FORM 990	PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11A	EDF uses its Audit Committee of the Board of Trustees to review the Form 990 returns. The Audit Committee has been delegated this authority by the Board of Trustees in its Audit Committee charter and terms of reference. The Organization's financial management group is responsible for gathering the key components and supporting schedule information for the Form 990. The Organization's audit firm of independent public accountants prepares the Form 990 and it goes through a review process to ensure it is completed accurately. The draft Form 990 is returned to the Organization where senior executive management and members of the financial team review the document. The Audit Committee receives a copy of the draft return in advance of a meeting scheduled for its formal review. The Audit Committee meets and approves the Form 990. The audit firm electronically files the informational return with the IRS. The full final return is made available to all Board of Trustee members as part of their next scheduled Board meeting's materials. The final Form 990 is also publicly posted in electronic form on the Organization's website where it is freely available to the public. Copies of it are sent to state governments, funding organizations, major donors, charity monitoring organizations and to anyone else who requests a copy.
DETERMINATION OF COMPENSATION OF THE PRESIDENT	PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15A AND 15B	EDF uses a Human Relations Committee to evaluate the compensation of the President of the organization who is the highest-ranking employee. The Human Relations Committee of the Board of Trustees is composed of three independent Trustees and the Chairman of the Board who meet annually to assess the President's performance and compensation. The Human Relations Committee uses the services of an independent compensation consultant to provide demographic and comparative salary information for peer-group organizations. The compensation consultant provides information from surveys, public disclosures of other charities, and proprietary sources. The Committee reviews this information, discusses the findings amongst themselves and not in the presence of the President of the organization. The Committee has a portion of its meeting where it does discuss compensation and performance with the President but the decision-making segments of the meeting are held in executive session. Minutes of the meeting are kept and retained by the Chair of the Human Relations Committee. The Human Relations Committee is aware of the compensation amounts for other key employees and senior management team members but the decisions governing their compensation are the purview of the President of the organization.
MONITORING OF CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY	PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C	It is the responsibility of all Trustees and employees of the Environmental Defense Fund to familiarize themselves with this Policy and to comply and to ensure compliance of related parties with it. In addition to the disclosures required by this Policy, annually each Trustee and employee will be provided with a statement to complete and return indicating that they have read, understand and are in compliance with this Policy. For both Trustees and employees, there is a process where the annual statement of compliance may be effected and transmitted via e-mail or other electronic means. The Chair of the Board of Trustees will report to the Board and the Chair of the Audit Committee will report to the Audit Committee of the Board at least once annually concerning any disclosures of potential conflicts of interest made to them, and any other conflicts-of-interests, which have occurred. Trustees who knowingly or unknowingly violate this Policy are subject to censure or removal, at the discretion of the Board of Trustees. Employees who knowingly or unknowingly violate this Policy will be subject to disciplinary action, including possible dismissal.
PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF GOVERNING DOCUMENTS	PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19	EDF makes available three years worth of the following disclosure documents on our website www.edf.org 1. Our Annual Report 2. Our consolidated and consolidating audited financial statements 3. Our Form 990 informational tax returns and those of related organizations Part VI, Section C Line 18 EDF was formed in 1967 and a copy of Form 1023 is unavailable from this early period of time.
RECONCILIATION OF NET ASSETS	PART XI, LINE 5	OTHER CHANGES IN NET ASSETS OR FUND BALANCES REPRESENTS UNREALIZED LOSSES OF $2,981,399.
STATEMENT OF PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS	PART III, PAGE 2	FINDING THE WAYS THAT WORK What if Ph.D. scientists, economists, MBAs and policy experts could work together to solve environmental problems? It's happening every day at Environmental Defense Fund. The diverse skills we apply to every environmental challenge create opportunities for alliances that produce lasting change. STRONG SCIENCE 1972: EDF's scientific testimony helped win the nationwide ban on DDT that let the bald eagle and peregrine falcon fly off the endangered list. ECONOMIC INCENTIVES 1990: Our market-based plan to reduce acid rain cut sulfur dioxide from U.S. power plants in half, at a fraction of the expected cost. CORPORATE PARTNERSHIPS 2004: EDF's alliance with FedEx produced the first commercially available hybrid midsize truck. Today, there are 35 models on the market and 100 fleets use them. NONPARTISAN APPROACH 2011: EDF worked with both Republicans and Democrats to win support for legislation to restore the Gulf Coast after the BP oil disaster. CLIMATE & ENERGY DANCING WITH THE GRID Armando Infanzon doesn't take energy for granted. He grew up in Tijuana, Mexico, where electricity blackouts were common. He's also a champion salsa dancer and has performed internationally. "It's all about timing," he says. Timing is what gets Infanzon fired up about the new smart grid, the interactive power distribution network he is managing for San Diego Gas & Electric. When sun or wind power lapses, he explains, the smart grid can signal appliances like dryers to shut off momentarily, so demand for power moves in step with supply. That little dance, called demand response, lets far more solar and wind power be used without crashing the grid. Infanzon is at the leading edge of a major transformation of U.S. energy infrastructure. He predicts: "Changes in the way electricity is delivered will be greater in the next ten years than in the last 100." WHY WE WORK ON CLIMATE & ENERGY "Climate change is our most formidable challenge. Cleaner energy sources and greater energy efficiency will cut carbon pollution and help stabilize the climate." Steve Cochran, VP Climate Jim Marston, VP Energy CLIMATE & ENERGY GOALS o Win permanent cuts in U.S. global warming pollution o Spur development of a smart electric grid o Minimize impacts of natural gas and other large-scale energy generation o Help win carbon limits in key countries A NEW WORLD OF ENERGY The U.S. energy system is at a crossroads, with new opportunities to reduce pollution. After a big win in California, EDF is working across the country to transform the way electricity is generated, transmitted and used. Borrego Springs, Calif., population 3,500, is a throwback to America's past. The high desert community of pueblo-style houses, 80 miles northeast of San Diego, has no traffic lights and no big-box stores. The town's main attraction is the darkness of the night sky, making it a haven for astronomers. But behind its sleepy facade, Borrego Springs is a laboratory of technologies that could transform the nation's energy future. It's where San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E), working with EDF and others, is field testing elements of a $3.6 billion plan to modernize the power grid. Since Thomas Edison's day, America's electric grid has been a one-way path from central power generating stations to customers. The new smart grid adds computer intelligence to make it a two-way street. "The promise of the smart grid is that a house with solar panels and a plug-in car in the garage can not only consume power but also produce, store and sell it," says EDF's smart grid director Miriam Horn. "It means we can bring supply and demand into harmony." For example, smart appliances can pause briefly when solar or wind power is interrupted, and the smart grid can signal cars to recharge when there is a surplus of clean power. All this will allow SDG&E to make far greater use of renewable energy. The advances being explored at Borrego Springs will help California deliver on its commitment to generate one-third of its electricity from renewable sources by 2020-and bring electric cars to scale reliably without causing brownouts. "Our goal is to improve our efficiency and empower our customers to have more control over their energy use," says Armando Infanzon, SDG&E's smart grid policy manager. "EDF helped us tremendously with our deployment plan." The main impetus for change is California's landmark Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32), which EDF cosponsored and helped pass. In October 2011, the state adopted America's first economy-wide cap-and-trade program for carbon emissions. Generating electricity is the largest source of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions, but the smart grid could help utilities cut their emissions as much as one-third by reducing peak demand and improving efficiency, all while meeting the growing need for power. "Investing in the smart grid costs less than building new fossil fuel plants and transmission lines," says EDF attorney Lauren Navarro. "And it saves money for customers." PARTNERS FOR CLEANER POWER EDF is working with cities, utilities and state regulators in California, Texas, Illinois, North Carolina and New York to put policies in place that will make the smart grid green. "EDF has played an indispensable role in ensuring our smart grid investments deliver environmental returns." Michael Peevey President, California Public Utilities Commission CLIMATE CORPS: ON ENERGY'S FRONT LINES Deployed across America each summer, our specially trained MBA students have identified more than one million tons of carbon dioxide pollution reductions. A giant sign reading "3-2-1GO" greeted Elizabeth Turnbull when she arrived at Adidas Group's Reebok World Headquarters in Canton, Mass. And "go" is just what Turnbull did after being hired as a Summer 2010 EDF Climate Corps fellow at Adidas. In just 12 weeks' time, the Yale MBA student examined the company's office buildings and distribution centers and found ways to cut 2,400 tons of carbon pollution annually. Her employers promptly offered her a job upon graduation as senior manager for environmental affairs. In her new role, Turnbull hired two more EDF Climate Corps fellows in 2011. They were among 96 MBA and MPA students who were put through intensive training by EDF and then deployed to find energy savings at destinations ranging from AT&T and Target to the New York City Housing Authority. All told, the 2011 fellows recommended changes to lighting, computing and ventilation systems that could cut as much pollution as taking 87,000 vehicles off the road each year. Since the program began in 2008, Climate Corps fellows have identified improvements in energy efficiency that could save more than $1 billion in net operational costs. Companies have already implemented projects accounting for 86% of the savings identified in the first three years, investing more than $50 million to do so. "In this economy, everyone is looking for ways to save, and energy efficiency is a huge, largely untapped opportunity," says Victoria Mills, our Corporate Partnerships managing director. EDF Climate Corps began with companies and expanded to include cities, colleges and universities. North Carolina A&T University, for example, is acting on recommendations that could save $2.5 million over five years-and pay for themselves in just three months. Now the program is poised to grow even further. EDF's main goal for the Corps? To train a new generation of executives to lead the transition to a low-carbon economy. "We're building a diverse movement to make energy efficiency a top priority for every organization that pays a utility bill," says Michael Regan, EDF director of energy efficiency. "EDF Climate Corps has been very beneficial for us, and I'm sure we are going to be doing this for many years to come." John Schinter, Executive Director of Energy, AT&T
STATEMENT OF PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS (CONTINUED)		AFTER YEARS OF STRUGGLE, A BIG WIN FOR FUEL ECONOMY In a triumph for clean air, automakers and the federal government agreed to require that cars average 54.5 miles per gallon by 2025. The rules, expected at the end of 2011, would mark the first major gain since 1975. When fully implemented, they could cut oil use by 2.2 million barrels a day-nearly half what the U.S. imports from OPEC. The Obama administration also issued the first-ever fuel economy standards for large trucks and buses, requiring a 20% cut in greenhouse gas emissions from heavy trucks by 2018. EDF played a critical role in both cases. We helped pass the 2002 California law that provided the foundation for strong new national auto standards. And our work with major engine manufacturers has helped spur new technologies for more efficient and less polluting trucks. WHEN CHINA'S FACTORIES GO GREEN, THE WHOLE WORLD PROFITS Roughly 20 pairs of jeans are sold in the United States every second. Imagine if all jeans were green-that is, if they were sustainably produced? Levi Strauss & Co. took a step in that direction in 2011 when it partnered with EDF to improve the energy efficiency of its supply chain in China, where 40% of jeans sold by the apparel industry in America are made. The project evolved from our partnership with retailing giant Walmart, in which EDF experts visited more than 400 Chinese factories to identify energy-saving opportunities. "Energy efficiency is the fastest, most cost-effective way to cut greenhouse gas and air pollution in China," says our project manager Dr. Andrew Hutson. "Simple changes to lighting, heating and ventilation have yielded impressive results." Our partner in the Levi Strauss & Co. initiative is Sustainable Development Capital LLP, a London-based investment bank. "One of the main barriers to energy efficiency improvements is the lack of access to capital," says Hutson. EDF is initially working with five denim mills, with a first-year goal of enrolling 100 factories and attracting $50 million in private capital to cut their energy use by 20 to 25%. Long term, we aim to unlock billions of dollars of capital to invest in energy efficiency for Asia's entire textile industry. As Levi Strauss & Co. says, quality never goes out of style. Neither should energy efficiency. INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE TACKLING GLOBAL WARMING POLLUTION, NATION BY NATION By 2050, the world must cut greenhouse gas pollution in half or face climate chaos. EDF is helping fast-growing economies adopt carbon limits and eventually link their carbon markets, to cut pollution further by driving clean energy investments. PRESERVING RAINFORESTS AND THEIR BIODIVERSITY What if rainforests were worth more alive than dead? That would slow rainforest destruction, which accounts for 15% of all carbon emissions. EDF helped create a three-state international working group to reduce deforestation, cut pollution and protect biodiversity. 1 As California's strict new carbon emissions limits kick in, industries may have the opportunity to invest in rainforest protection to meet part of their carbon-reduction obligation. 2 Chiapas, Mexico, is home to cloud forests and the resplendent quetzal, known for its colorful plumage. U.S. investment could give these treasures a chance to survive. 3 With EDF's help, the Brazilian state of Acre is putting in place policies that will protect 33 million acres of undisturbed rainforest. OUR CHALLENGE TO AIRLINES When American Airlines and United Continental sued to block a European Union law cutting carbon emissions from international flights, EDF joined European nations to defend the law. A FILM STARTS A DIALOGUE To spark action on climate change in India, EDF produced a popular film that links global warming and rural development. The film and its climate workshop have been seen in 500 villages. LOW-CARBON DEVELOPMENT EDF and partners are promoting low-carbon development in India through clean technology, including clean-burning stoves and climate-friendly farming. This year our projects reached 160,000 families. CARBON FARMING IN ASIA EDF's work with farmers in China, India and Vietnam has reduced greenhouse gas pollution by more than one million tons by promoting farming practices that keep more carbon in the soil. A VOICE FOR ISLAND NATIONS At UN climate talks, EDF helped island nations draw international attention to the grave risks they face from global warming. We are also supporting efforts by these states to shift to clean energy. HELPING CHINA MEET ITS ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES As the world's largest greenhouse gas emitter, China is crucial to controlling global warming. EDF has worked in China since 1991, building a strong record of success. We have helped create environmental markets, including a pilot sulfur dioxide trading program and China's first environmental commodities exchange. Their success helped convince the Chinese government to include low-carbon pilot projects, including trading, and ambitious pollution reduction targets in the 12th Five-Year Plan, announced in 2011. Dr. Daniel Dudek, head of EDF's China program, has been appointed co-chair of a task force that will advise Premier Wen Jiabao on strategies for meeting the plan's environmental goals. Dudek also will advise the premier on long-term environmental planning. EDF has been equally active in linking carbon markets to poverty alleviation. Our partner is the State Council's Poverty Alleviation Office, which has representatives in every town, city and province in the nation. We designed a program to pay more than 600,000 poor farmers in Xinjiang, Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces to reduce carbon emissions through improved farming practices and by turning agricultural waste into energy. Our goal is to enlist 20 million farming families in the program by 2016. Environmental enforcement remains weak in China, so we are helping to strengthen penalties for violations. EDF helped set tougher national penalties for water pollution, and China is now considering a similar policy for air pollution. From our offices in Beijing and Shanghai, we are working with Chinese universities to train a new generation of environmental leaders. So far, we've trained 8,400 environmental professionals who will enforce penalties and introduce market incentives to cut pollution. EDF's Green Commuting campaign helps clear the air in Shanghai and 19 other Chinese cities. "Under Dr. Dudek's leadership, the task force will propose valuable recommendations for the 12th Five-Year Plan on mechanisms to reduce emissions of major pollutants." Li Ganjie, Vice Minister of Environmental Protection, People's Republic of China OCEANS A FISHERMAN'S STORY Chris Brown was just eight years old when he first went to sea in the 1960s, fishing with his grandfather. He was allowed to pilot the vessel home while his grandfather made sketches of the Rhode Island shoreline. "It was a thrill to feel the power of the boat," he says. Now a commercial fisherman himself, Brown, 53, has witnessed the sharp decline in the New England fishery and the toll on coastal communities. "Thirty years ago, we thought the resource was inexhaustible," Brown says. "We fished in ways I'm not proud of. I'd like to make it right for the next generation." Working with scientists and other fishermen, Brown has been a leading advocate for a new management system called catch shares, which taps the market to give fishermen control of their destiny. "I'm a businessman," he says. "I'm concerned about my inventory. To heal the ocean, we all need to pull together and start acting like a community again." WHY WE WORK ON OCEANS "By offering fishermen a financial stake in the health of fisheries, we can revive coastal communities and bring the resilient oceans back to life." Amanda Leland, VP Oceans OCEANS GOALS o Protect ocean ecosystems by creating sustainable and healthy fisheries o Make catch shares the standard management method in U.S. fisheries o Promote catch shares internationally o Safeguard and restore ocean habitats
STATEMENT OF PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS (CONTINUED)		HOPE FOR AMERICA'S MOST TROUBLED FISHERY Can markets help heal the oceans? With EDF's help, New England is one of several regions to implement a new management method: catch shares. The 400-year-old New England cod fishery is finally on the path to recovery. On Georges Bank off the Massachusetts coast, cold, nutrient-rich currents from Labrador collide with the Gulf Stream to create one of the world's most productive fishing grounds. The waters here were once so thick with cod that fishermen bragged they could lower a basket and pull it up full of fish. But generations of overfishing and faulty management proved devastating for fish and coastal communities. In New England, fishing revenues dropped 50% just in the past decade and many of the groundfish stocks, including cod, have declined to dangerously low levels. Facing a crisis, regulators tried to control fishing by imposing trip limits and restricting days at sea, but this led to a dangerous race for fish. Now, some trailblazing fishermen are working with EDF to embrace a market solution that we helped develop, called catch shares, which could revive the fishery. The program gave fishermen a choice: continue with the old system or join cooperative groups or sectors. Sectors work by allotting a percentage of the total allowed catch to groups based on catch history. More than half of the commercial fishing permit holders-representing 98% of fish harvested-joined the program. Data for the first year show that their boats made 70% more money per trip than previously, and bycatch, the accidental killing of fish, was four times below that of other boats. "It's safer, better for the fish, and I can make a business plan for the year," fisherman Greg Walinski told the Cape Cod Times. Unlike other approaches, catch shares reward conservation. "As the fishery recovers, fishermen's total catch grows," explains EDF's Emilie Litsinger. Fishermen also have the option to trade shares if the need arises. For example, if a fisherman catches more than his share, he can buy quota from another, still keeping the total catch within the limit. The result: less waste and more profit. Over the last five years, catch shares have compiled a solid record of rebuilding fish populations around the nation, including programs EDF helped implement for red snapper in the Gulf of Mexico and groundfish in the Pacific. We also are leading the fight this year on Capitol Hill to defeat short-sighted legislation that would ban new catch share programs along the East and Gulf Coasts. "Catch shares are proving that fishermen can be good managers if given the chance," says Captain Chris Brown, who operates a 45-foot trawler out of Point Judith, R.I. "We're becoming businessmen, finally, instead of just hunters and gatherers." NET GAIN FOR FISH AND FISHERMAN The catch share program for Gulf of Mexico red snapper that EDF helped create in 2007 has proved to be a spectacular success. FISHING SEASON EXTENDED +300% The fishing season has expanded from a couple of months to 365 days, ending the dangerous race for fish. VALUE OF FISHERY FISHES +86% As the fishery recovers, the value of catch shares has risen dramatically, benefiting fishermen and the economy. WASTED FISH DECLINES -70% With size limits and short seasons, nearly half the red snapper caught used to be thrown back, dying. Now the discards have declined sharply. THE FISHERY RECOVERS +45% As commercial fishermen waste less fish, red snapper populations are rebounding, letting fishermen catch more each year. "For the first time, fishermen are working together for a common goal. Catch shares are the reason. I feel I have a stake in the resource." Bubba Cochrane, Galveston, Texas, fisherman ENSURING A FUTURE FOR SHARKS EDF spearheads a unique partnership between the United States, Mexico and Cuba to save the Gulf of Mexico's magnificent deep-sea predators. Sharks have roamed the oceans for more than 400 million years, since even before there were dinosaurs. But that ancient lineage does not guarantee a future. Today, tens of millions of sharks are killed each year. "The Gulf of Mexico has nearly 100 shark species, but populations of some large sharks, including tigers and hammerheads, have fallen by as much as 90%," says Dr. Douglas Rader, EDF's chief oceans scientist. There is no easy answer to the shark crisis, in part because many sharks are highly migratory and have few young. They're also a source of food and livelihoods in many nations. In response, EDF has begun working with the Mote Marine Laboratory of Sarasota, Fla., to link the United States, Mexico and Cuba in a program to rebuild shark populations in the Gulf of Mexico. Sharks play a key role in marine ecosystems. For example, as their populations have fallen on the U.S. Atlantic coast, the rays they prey on have proliferated. The rays feed on bay scallops and have ravaged scallop beds, devastating the fishery. The EDF shark initiative builds on a decade of work with area governments, researchers and fishermen. "Our goal is to expand scientific exchanges and broker cooperation to protect our shared resources," says Dan Whittle, director of our Cuba program. Last year, EDF co-convened the first meeting of a tri-national shark team to begin laying the foundation for effective conservation. We're working with researchers from the University of Havana and Mexican partners to identify shark nursery areas and determine shark migration patterns. We're also helping managers explore policy options, including catch shares. The results of our collaboration will form the basis for more effective management and for setting sustainable catch limits-the first steps toward ensuring a future for sharks in the Gulf. "If successful, the tri-national program for sharks can be a powerful model for management of sharks globally and other migratory species like tuna and swordfish," says Pam Baker, EDF's director of conservation initiatives for the Gulf. "Cuba, Mexico and the United States are ecologically connected. Cooperation benefits us all." Billy Causey, Southeast Regional Director, NOAA National Marine Sanctuary Program OCEAN DIPLOMACY: TAKING CATCH SHARES INTERNATIONAL Fish know no national boundaries, so international engagement is essential. In 2011, EDF expanded its fisheries work in North America and beyond. We helped convince Belize's cabinet to authorize catch shares coupled with marine protected areas for spiny lobster. This will reduce fishing pressure along the 600-mile-long Mesoamerican reef, the largest barrier reef in the hemisphere. We also teamed up with Mexican officials, fishermen and nonprofit groups to expand our pilot catch share program for finfish, shrimp and clams in the Gulf of California. The Gulf supplies more than half of Mexico's seafood, but is overexploited and threatened by destructive fishing practices. Across the Atlantic, where 75% of Europe's fish stocks are overfished, we are consulting with EU governments as they rewrite Europe's fisheries law. PROTECTING IMPERILED CORAL REEFS, THE FOUNDATION OF MARINE LIFE Coral reefs contain one-quarter of all fish species, but they're imperiled by a variety of human-caused threats. Up to 35% of the world's reefs may be lost within the next two decades. Compounding the threats of overfishing and climate change is the growing demand for coral reef wildlife for home decor, jewelry and aquariums. Between 1988 and 2007, the global trade for coral exploded nearly fifteen fold. Beautiful sea creatures such as iridescent cardinal fish are pulled from coral reefs as part of a largely unregulated international trade that is devastating many fish and coral populations. Every year up to 30 million fish and 1.5 million live corals are harvested, with the majority of them destined for the United States. In response, EDF and its partners launched a campaign to leverage U.S. market power through the creation of stronger federal rules. Current U.S. laws lack standards for sustainable coral collection and shipping, while international laws are weak and poorly enforced. For example, in Southeast Asia, despite laws prohibiting the practice, collectors often squirt cyanide poison in the water to stun fish, many of which die in transport. EDF's coral coalition is working with scientists, industry leaders and policy makers to stimulate lasting change. Our goal is to end destructive collection and help ensure the survival of Earth's most fragile marine ecosystems.
STATEMENT OF PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS (CONTINUED)		ECOSYSTEMS FIELD OF DREAMS Denny Friest, a fourth-generation farmer, grows corn and soybeans on 1,450 acres in Iowa with his wife, son and daughter-in-law. In his Iowa Soybean Association hat, Friest looks like a traditional farmer, but in fact he's part of an agricultural vanguard, an evangelist for the use of precise data to raise crops more efficiently, with less impact on the environment. When he learned that fertilizer runoff from Midwestern farms flows down the Mississippi River, creating a 6,000-square-mile dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico, he enrolled in a program to cut fertilizer use. "We farmers are targeted as part of the problem, but we want to be part of the solution, too," he says. Working with the On-Farm Network, Friest has cut fertilizer use on his farm by 30% while his yield has steadily increased. "This partnership gives farmers the resources we need," he says. "Rather than telling us what to do, EDF helped us become better managers-and better stewards of the soil." WHY WE WORK ON ECOSYSTEMS "Farms could become havens for wildlife, and farmers could be frontline stewards of clean water, fresh air and a healthy climate. They will need to be, if our planet is to sustain a growing population." David Festa VP Land, Water and Wildlife ECOSYSTEMS GOALS o Conserve land and protect wildlife o Protect water supply and freshwater ecosystems o Cut reactive nitrogen pollution o Foster markets for ecosystem services FOR FARMERS, CONSERVATION PAYS Through our on-the-ground partnerships in 12 states, EDF is helping farmers save money, reduce pollution and become better stewards of clean water and vanishing wildlife habitat. Dairy farmers in Maryland and corn growers in Illinois have one thing in common: both often use far too much fertilizer. The excess runs off their fields into streams and lakes, creating oxygen-starved "dead zones" from the Chesapeake Bay to the Gulf of Mexico. Starting in 2001, the Iowa Soybean Association, aided by EDF, decided to do something about this. Through the association's On-Farm Network, we began helping farmers cut polluted runoff by offering them accurate information about how much fertilizer their crops really need. The result: farmers pollute less and save money. The program has caught on, and today we're working with farmers to improve water quality in 12 states. Our work took on added urgency in 2011, after massive floods in the Midwest sent fertilizer down the Mississippi River into the Gulf of Mexico, creating a dead zone the size of New Jersey, the largest on record. We run a similar program in Ohio, where fertilizer runoff contributes to algae growth in Lake Erie that threatens the drinking water of 11 million people. And 265 farmers around Chesapeake Bay have joined with us to combat the dead zone that nearly eradicated the bay's oyster fishery. Historically, farmers never knew exactly how much fertilizer to use, so they often applied too much, just to be on the safe side. The result: an estimated half of what they applied was flushed into waterways. Our network shows farmers how to use precise data collection and effective soil management to determine how much fertilizer their crops actually need. We also strengthened incentives for farmers to restore wetlands and woodland buffers. These vanishing ecosystems filter pollution and provide habitat for birds and beneficial insects. "EDF realizes that we too are environmentalists," says Iowa farmer Denny Friest. "And they have helped us become better managers." Today, the network includes some 1,000 farmers working nearly one million acres of critical watersheds. They have cut fertilizer use up to 25%, saving an average of $3 per acre, without reducing yields. "Our goal is to influence federal policies," says EDF scientist Suzy Friedman. "We need to make precise use of fertilizer the rule, not the exception, among farmers. Then we can make a real difference in water quality in this country." EDF is also advancing more efficient farming practices by working with retailers like Walmart that have the purchasing power to create mass consumer demand for sustainable farm products. TOO MUCH OF A GOOD THING When too much fertilizer is applied to crops, the excess runs off and pollutes waterways. Reducing the excess and planting a buffer of grasses and trees can help. "By promoting agricultural reform and partnering with landowners to protect habitat, EDF is helping us all." Barbara Kingsolver EDF National Council Member and bestselling author MAKING THE GULF OF MEXICO WHOLE AGAIN Gulf Coast wetlands are a miracle of nature, protecting industry, cities, fisheries and wildlife. EDF is part of a strong bipartisan coalition to restore them. More than a year after BP's Deepwater Horizon well was capped, the city of New Orleans remains vulnerable to hurricanes, and Louisiana's wetlands-which nurture the Gulf's $23 billion fishing industry-are in bigger trouble than ever. The state loses up to 30 square miles of coastland each year, due to canals and levees that starve the wetlands of sediment and freshwater. The oil spill worsened the ecological disaster, but it also opened up opportunities to rethink how the Mississippi River and its delta are managed. For 35 years, EDF has been at the forefront of efforts to restore Gulf Coast wetlands. In 2011, we joined forces with allies ranging from the Louisiana governor's office to the 17,000-member Houma Nation to press for full restoration of the Gulf. Our goal was to ensure that most of the BP penalties from the oil spill-which could reach $21 billion-go to rebuilding endangered Gulf communities and ecosystems. BP committed an initial $1 billion in 2011 to pay for early restoration projects, in an agreement EDF helped advance. We then helped shape a bill in Washington that would dedicate 80% of BP's fines to economic recovery and wetlands restoration, instead of to the general federal budget. Cosponsored by two Democrats and seven Republicans, the proposed legislation represents a milestone for a politically polarized Congress. As Senators Mary Landrieu (D-LA) and Richard Shelby (R-AL) hammered out the bill, we gained support on both sides of the aisle by introducing provisions that were important to both Republicans and Democrats. Our strategy included radio ads pointing out how investing in coastal restoration creates more jobs than oil and gas investments. To advance wetlands restoration, EDF scientist Dr. Angelina Freeman helped develop a model project in Myrtle Grove, La. It demonstrated how the Mississippi River's land-building power can be harnessed to restore wetlands and protect coastal communities. The Army Corps is now using EDF's wetlands rebuilding model on its first restoration projects. "EDF played a critical role in bridging the differences between the parties and winning bipartisan support for legislation to restore the Gulf after the devastating oil spill." William K. Reilly, Co-chair, National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling
STATEMENT OF PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS (CONTINUED)		EXTENDING A WELCOME MAT TO WILDLIFE The largest population of endangered golden-cheeked warblers in the world nests at Fort Hood Army Base in Texas, where deafening explosions are commonplace. The birds are doing fine, however, thanks to a program designed by EDF. Under the plan, Fort Hood gets credits for restoring warbler habitat on private land outside the base, allowing it to continue maneuvers. Landowners get paid to restore habitat, and wildlife receives a significant net gain in habitat. The project is working so well we've expanded it from six to 34 counties, spanning the entire Texas Hill Country. The program offers credits to energy companies running transmission lines and others. With this offset system, such projects can proceed around the country while endangered wildlife and ecosystems win greater protection. A VOICE FOR RIVERS: CHANGING HOW THE WEST VIEWS WATER For the Southwest, the Colorado River is a lifeline. But a century of "use it or lose it" laws have discouraged conservation, devastating wildlife and drying up the river system. EDF is helping transform the way water is used in the Colorado River basin, which covers seven states and Mexico. With local and national partners, we are advocating a host of remedies to restore the entire river. They include: flexible water management, conservation in cities and on farms, and guaranteed water rights for the environment. "We need to ensure enough water is left in our rivers to keep fish and wildlife healthy," says Ecosystems VP David Festa. "With climate change further stressing rivers, there's no time to lose." Agriculture uses three-quarters of the water in the Colorado basin, an unsustainable share given the region's growing population. EDF seeks to end the tug of war between cities and farms. We're finding ways to help farmers conserve water and transfer the saved water to other users for fair compensation. "By moving water among users, you can use it more efficiently," says Festa. Our goal is to reward farmers for services they provide. The crops they grow will become just one asset in a portfolio that includes clean water, wildlife habitat and climate protection. That will finally make it profitable to protect the resources on which all life depends. HEALTH CLEAN AIR MOM "I'm not an environmental activist," says Roxana Soto, "but when I learned that lawmakers were trying to undo clean air regulations, I had to speak out." Like seven million other American children, Soto's five-year-old daughter suffers from asthma. Her condition is aggravated by poor air quality. During one recent spell, she couldn't sleep through the night for six weeks. "It scares me that lobbyists have the power to change laws," Soto says. "But I'm not going to be intimidated. Being a parent has changed my perspective." To fight back, Soto, an Emmy Award-winning journalist, joined the Moms Clean Air Force and is lending her voice to the chorus for clean air. Her blog, spanglishbaby.com, has been called a "must read" by Parenting magazine. In 2011, nontraditional allies like Soto helped defeat anti-environmental legislation in Congress. "Clean air is a basic human right," she says. "One person may not make a difference, but together we can." WHY WE WORK ON HEALTH "Pollution and toxic chemicals take a heavy toll on public health, particularly on children. We have an opportunity to ensure the safety of chemicals and cut smokestack pollution." Andrew Maguire Health HEALTH GOALS o Cut air pollution from coal plants 75% o Reform U.S. toxic chemicals policy to reduce exposure to harmful substances o Accelerate innovation through corporate partnerships DEFENDING THE RIGHT TO BREATHE CLEAN AIR Over the past four decades, the Clean Air Act has saved millions of lives. But in 2011, this bedrock law came under attack in the courts and on Capitol Hill, and EDF mobilized new allies to come to its defense. The Clean Air Act is widely considered one of the most effective environmental laws ever passed, providing $30 in health benefits for every dollar invested in pollution controls. Yet some Washington politicians made it their mission in 2011 to prevent the Environmental Protection Agency from enforcing the law-and tried to cut $3 billion from the agency's budget. "The anti-environment onslaught on Capitol Hill is the worst I've seen in my more than 25 years at EDF," says our president, Fred Krupp. Working with the Senate in April, EDF and others were able to eliminate the most draconian cuts in the House budget, but coal lobbyists and their political allies continued their attempts to undermine EPA's authority. They added more than 170 anti-environmental riders to House bills. We responded by providing analysis and expert testimony on the Hill, challenging opponents directly in court and enlisting corporate support for the Clean Air Act. Our efforts got a big boost from EDF's Strategic Partners and our sister organization, the Environmental Defense Action Fund. Non-tax-deductible gifts to the Action Fund let us mount ad campaigns targeting key legislators. Lobbyists for one of America's biggest polluters, American Electric Power, circulated their own draft bill in Congress last spring, which would have scuttled EPA rules requiring coal-fired power plants to reduce emissions of soot, sulfur dioxide and mercury. Within days, EDF's legal team issued an analysis that showed the bill would cause an estimated 34,000 deaths in its first two years alone. Our analysis was disseminated broadly on Capitol Hill, where even coal-friendly legislators scrambled to distance themselves from the bill. As a result, it was never introduced. In defense of the Clean Air Act, we also helped launch a group of influential bloggers, calling themselves the Moms Clean Air Force, to engage more people in the struggle. Their online activism helped generate more than 100,000 messages to Congress urging legislators not to let polluters undercut air quality. "Knowing that some companies put their profits ahead of kids is absolutely infuriating," says Karen Francis, a Moms Clean Air Force blogger who is also a military spouse. "What do we do about it? We make sure EPA's ability to safeguard the air we breathe isn't gutted." The fight for the Clean Air Act and a strong EPA isn't over. But Vickie Patton, EDF's general counsel, is confident in the future. "Our children's health is at stake," she says. "It's that simple." THE PRICE OF COAL Dirty air imposes steep costs on human health. Coal-fired power plants are the largest source of sulfur dioxide and particulate pollution in the air. "There's no more powerful force for children's health than moms united. Hats off to EDF for launching the Moms Clean Air Force." Dr. Harvey Karp, pediatrician and author of The Happiest Toddler on the Block
STATEMENT OF PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS (CONTINUED)		CLEARING THE AIR IN NEW YORK CITY Working with EDF, Mayor Bloomberg announced new rules to phase out dirty heating oil from the city's buildings. In Harlem, one in four children has asthma. That's double the rate of the city as a whole, and four times the national average. Although asthma attacks have multiple causes, air pollution from low-grade No. 6 and No. 4 heating oil is one trigger. Just 1% of New York City buildings burn these fuels, but they put more particulate matter, or soot, into the air than all the city's cars and trucks combined. When EDF learned that Con Edison was laying a gas pipe to enable Columbia University to convert 70 buildings in Harlem from dirty oil to natural gas, we encouraged other buildings to convert as well. We reached out to nearby landlords and, as a result, another 64 buildings could shift to the cleaner, more economical fuel. That would remove 25,000 pounds of soot pollution from the city's air annually. The Harlem project is an outgrowth of our campaign to clean up New York City's heating oil. Three years ago, EDF staff pinpointed 9,500 city buildings that burn No. 4 oil or the even dirtier No. 6 oil, which is basically unrefined sludge. We used that data to build an interactive online map showing these buildings' locations, block by block (edf.org/dirtybuildings). "When we learned that our building was on EDF's dirty building list, we decided it made good business sense to convert to natural gas and stop polluting the air we all breathe," says Jerry Cohen, a co-op board member on the Upper West Side. Our campaign to clean up heating oil also caught the attention of Mayor Michael Bloomberg. In 2011, after working closely with EDF and our allies, the administration announced new rules that will phase out No. 6 oil by 2015 and No. 4 oil by 2030. The impact of that decision on illnesses such as asthma and heart disease could be "second only to our achievements in reducing the city's smoking rates," said Thomas Farley, the city's health commissioner. We've also worked with the mayor's office to develop financing options that will help building owners convert to cleaner fuels more quickly. "The clean air renaissance in Harlem is underway," says EDF attorney Isabelle Silverman. In New York City, 300,000 kids have been diagnosed with asthma. The phaseout of dirty fuels in city buildings will enable kids to breathe easier-and save $733 million in annual health care costs. "Environmental Defense Fund has been a critical partner and resource in our efforts to make New York a truly sustainable 21st century city." Michael R. Bloomberg Mayor of New York City PROTECTING FAMILIES FRON TOXIC CHEMICALS New research reveals that some health problems linked to chemical exposure can be carried forward to future generations. For example, the biocide tributyltin found in some paints and plastics can cause a cell predestined to become a bone cell to become a fat cell instead, increasing the risk of obesity and diabetes. Long after the initial chemical exposure, animal studies suggest, parents can transfer such disorders to their offspring. The good news? EDF spurred a high-level dialogue with the chemical industry that could yield a bipartisan agreement on reforming the flawed Toxic Substances Control Act-the main law on the safety of chemicals. Of 85,000 chemicals available for commercial use, EPA has required testing of only about 2%. Our prodding has already pushed EPA to upgrade its chemical reporting practices. TAKING A STAND FOR SCIENCE AND TOUGH REGULATION IN THE SHALE GAS INDUSTRY A technique called hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, has opened up vast deposits of shale gas. In 2001, shale provided 2% of U.S. natural gas; now it accounts for about 30%, and total reserves have risen dramatically. The expanded supply offers a great environmental benefit, since natural gas burns more cleanly than coal. But it has also created a host of new environmental challenges, while industry secrecy has spurred public mistrust. EDF is leading the effort to make sure natural gas reduces our carbon footprint, while minimizing the impact on people and the environment. In 2011, Energy Secretary Steven Chu appointed EDF president Fred Krupp to a seven-member panel charged with recommending new standards for the industry. The group's first report called for more oversight, strong regulation of air and water pollution and disclosure of fracking chemicals. The next step is to get these recommendations implemented. We helped lead a coalition of groups that sued EPA, forcing it to propose rules to cut air pollution from oil and gas production. We then worked to pass a groundbreaking Texas law mandating full disclosure of fracking chemicals. And we're now working with industry leaders on rules for safe well construction and operation. "If implemented," Krupp says, "our committee's recommendations will create a new level of transparency and oversight in the natural gas industry." AN OBSERVATION ON A RANCH FUELS A PASSIONATE COMMITMENT Whether they are hiking in Montana or rafting down the Colorado River, a love of the outdoors is the connecting thread for Kirsten Feldman and her family, including husband Hugh Frater and two teenage children. "Doing things in nature is how we spend our time," says Feldman, a former managing director at Morgan Stanley who is also a trustee of a land trust in Washington, Connecticut. A nature photographer, she brings her passion for the outdoors home through her images. Feldman and her husband are ardent supporters of EDF. When she retired from investment banking, she decided to devote her time, financial expertise and thick Rolodex of contacts to protecting the environment. After exhaustive sleuthing, she decided that "EDF really fit with me" and accepted an invitation to join the Board of Trustees. Now the co-chair of the board's climate committee, Feldman became especially concerned about global warming after observing changes on her family's Montana ranch. An epidemic of dying pine trees made her realize how rapidly the environment was changing, and not for the better. "I thought that folks with my background -with global expertise in complex financial transactions-needed to get involved in fighting climate change and could make an impact," she said, explaining her decision to serve on the board. "I feel that everything ultimately comes down to economics. If you put an economic framework in place with the right incentives to protect the environment, that results in lasting solutions. EDF's strategy on climate is focused on economic incentives. At the end of the day, that's why I chose EDF." A SHARED LOVE FOR OCEANS AND SCIENCE INSPIRES A PARTNERSHIP Barry Gold still remembers the afternoon he spent in his Palo Alto, California, backyard with EDF West Coast VP David Festa, working out strategies to rescue fisheries off the Pacific and New England coasts. "We found we had a similar approach and philosophy," says Gold, whose love for the ocean was nurtured during childhood summers spent on Long Island Sound. "That led to an incredibly productive partnership." Gold is the head of the Marine Conservation Initiative at the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Festa, at the time, was steering EDF's oceans program in a new direction. Their initial collaboration produced Sustaining America's Fisheries and Fishing Communities, the first comprehensive scientific analysis to assess the effectiveness of catch shares, an incentive-based way of managing fisheries. "We both are rooted in the science and not just in the cause," says Gold. "So we constantly challenged the results to make sure they were credible." A case in point is the catch share program in New England: "In the face of formidable political opposition," Gold observes, "EDF assessed what issues needed to be addressed in the program's design and then supported changes, such as in monitoring. "The people in the oceans program are some of the best in the business," he says. "I'm hugely impressed that EDF sees the need for transferring the intellectual capital they've built up over the years to the fisheries sector and to government." Gold adds: "While the outcome is important, how you get to that outcome is equally important, so that it has real integrity. And we found that in EDF."
STATEMENT OF PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS (CONTINUED)		FOR A TEXAS INVESTOR, PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT RUNS IN THE FAMILY For John Kerr and his wife Susan, it was their son Jeff who sparked their environmental commitment. As a freshly minted college graduate in 2002, Jeff began an internship in EDF's office in Austin, Texas. His obvious enthusiasm for the work proved to be contagious. "What appealed to Susan and me," says Kerr, an investor in biomedical oncology research, "was EDF's hard science approach to solving difficult environmental problems, as opposed to a more politicized approach. It doesn't really matter whether you are a Republican, Democrat or Independent. These are problems that everybody needs to be working on." He and Susan appreciate, too, that EDF seeks opportunities to work with industry and government instead of taking an oppositional stance. "Many people in the business community are skeptics," says Kerr, who today chairs EDF's Texas advisory board. "For me, EDF is a perfect way to introduce these people to the climate issue-to say, you really need to learn about this problem and EDF can give you the facts." Kerr recalls how EDF worked with others to get the new owners of the Texas electric utility TXU to cancel plans for eight coal-fired power plants. He says the achievement shows that "EDF creates coalitions of unexpected groups to get results." A World War II history buff and a published novelist, Kerr has three new books coming out soon. His family's passion for the environment continues to be a driving force. Of their four children, Jeff went on to study environmental law and Millie, also a lawyer, is an advocate for African wildlife. IN THE WAKE OF KATRINA, HE HELPS BRING A COMMUNITY BACK TO LIFE Tom Darden grew up watching his father clean up brownfields, former industrial sites, to make way for new development. Now, Darden hopes to make a positive impact on people and the planet through the built environment. Currently, Darden is executive director of Make It Right, a nonprofit started by actor Brad Pitt that builds green, affordable new housing in New Orleans' Katrina-devastated Lower Ninth Ward. "We wanted to show how to build adaptively in any climate," Darden says. "Most of the world lives near a coastline and is susceptible to flooding. We began with the question: What would it take to build the kind of house that would reduce that risk in the Lower Ninth Ward? If we can figure out how to do it sustainably here, we can do it everywhere." Key to the plan is restoration of Bayou Bienvenue, a cypress swamp east of the city. Until salt-water intrusion from levees devastated the bayou and other wetlands, they had thrived alongside a sizable residential population. "They used to provide a natural barrier against storm surges," Darden says. "Now there is a lot of community interest in restoring them. Just as the Lower Ninth Ward is symbolic of renewal, so are these wetlands." When Darden turned 30, he decided it was time to start planning a legacy. He talked to a lawyer and says the process was "totally easy. I handed over a list of the charities I wanted to give to and the percentages." Leaving a legacy to EDF was a "no-brainer," he says. "I'm a strong supporter of EDF's Gulf work, and I believe the organization will have a lasting impact well beyond my time."

Schedule R IRS990ScheduleR

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