STRATEGY STUDIO / PUBLIC DATA EXPLORER

MAIN STREET ZEPHYRHILLS INC: Form 990, tax year 2024

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization
MAIN STREET ZEPHYRHILLS INC (EIN 59-3192201)
Tax period
2024-06-01 to 2025-05-31
Filed
2026-04-05
IRS object ID
202600959349300110
Schema version
2024v5.0
Source
Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header ReturnHeader

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return2026-04-05T15:19:35-04:00ReturnTs
Tax Period End2025-05-31TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN274642738PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1MURTHA & MURTHA CPABusinessNameLine1Txt

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line12236 ASHLEY OAKS CIR 101AddressLine1Txt
CityWESLEY CHAPELCityNm
State AbbreviationFLStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP335446430ZIPCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return Type990ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin2024-06-01TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
EIN593192201EIN

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1MAIN STREET ZEPHYRHILLS INCBusinessNameLine1Txt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name ControlMAINBusinessNameControlTxt
Phone8137801414PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line15335 8TH STREETAddressLine1Txt
CityZEPHYRHILLSCityNm
State AbbreviationFLStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP33542ZIPCd

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
PersonLINDA S KERNSPersonNm
Person TitlePRESIDENTPersonTitleTxt
Phone8137801414PhoneNum
Signature2026-03-04SignatureDt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
IRS Responsible Prty Info CurrfalseIRSResponsiblePrtyInfoCurrInd

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Preparer PersonTHOMAS E MURTHAPreparerPersonNm
PTINP00478604PTIN
Phone8139911120PhoneNum
Preparation2026-03-26PreparationDt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Tax2024TaxYr
Build TS2025-03-06 01:10:19ZBuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Principal OfficerLINDA S KERNSPrincipalOfficerNm

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line138537 5TH STREETAddressLine1Txt
CityZEPHYRHILLSCityNm
State AbbreviationFLStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP33542ZIPCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts$728,838GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For AffiliatesfalseGroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3Yes (X)Organization501c3Ind
Website AddressMAINSTREETZEPHYRHILLS.ORGWebsiteAddressTxt
Type Of Organization CorpYes (X)TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Activity Or MissionMAIN STREET ZEPHYRHILLS, INC. RAISES FUNDS TO ASSIST IN REVITALIZATION OFActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body7VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent1VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee0TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Gross UBI$0TotalGrossUBIAmt
CY Contributions Grants$683,441CYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Program Service Revenue$0CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
CY Investment Income$59CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Other Revenue$28,686CYOtherRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue$712,186CYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid$0CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members$0CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid$0CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns$0CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense$0CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
CY Other Expenses$46,327CYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses$46,327CYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses$665,859CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY$71,653TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY$737,507TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY$332TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY$329TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY$71,321NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY$737,178NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
MissionMAIN STREET ZEPHYRHILLS, INC. RAISES FUNDS TO ASSIST IN REVITALIZATION OFMissionDesc
Significant New Program SrvcfalseSignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant ChangefalseSignificantChangeInd
Expense$32,788ExpenseAmt
DescMAIN STREET ZEPHYRHILLS, INC. RAISES FUNDS TO ASSIST IN REVITALIZATION OF THE DOWNTOWN AREA OF ZEPHYRHILLS, FL.Desc
Total Program Service Expenses$32,788TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3Yes (true)DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B RequiredYes (true)ScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign ActyfalsePoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying ActivitiesfalseLobbyingActivitiesInd
Subject To Proxy TaxfalseSubjectToProxyTaxInd
Donor Advised FundfalseDonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation EasementsfalseConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of ArtfalseCollectionsOfArtInd
Credit CounselingfalseCreditCounselingInd
Donor Rstr Or Quasi EndowmentsfalseDonorRstrOrQuasiEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building EquipmentYes (true)ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other SecfalseReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related InvstfalseReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other AssetsfalseReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other LiabilitiesfalseReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 FootnotefalseIncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl StmtfalseIndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl StmtfalseConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School OperatingfalseSchoolOperatingInd
Foreign OfficefalseForeignOfficeInd
Foreign ActivitiesfalseForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To OrgfalseMoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To IndividualsfalseMoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional FundraisingfalseProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising ActivitiesYes (true)FundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming ActivitiesfalseGamingActivitiesInd
Operate HospitalfalseOperateHospitalInd
Grants To OrganizationsfalseGrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To IndividualsfalseGrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J RequiredfalseScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt BondsfalseTaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit TransfalseEngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit TransfalsePYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan OutstandingfalseLoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related PersonfalseGrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org MemfalseBusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam MemfalseBusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With35 Ctrl EntfalseBusinessRlnWith35CtrlEntInd
Deductible Non Cash ContrifalseDeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art ContributionfalseDeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate OperationsfalseTerminateOperationsInd
Partial LiquidationfalsePartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded EntityfalseDisregardedEntityInd
Related EntityfalseRelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl EntfalseRelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd OrgfalseTrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted PrtshpfalseActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O RequiredfalseScheduleORequiredInd
IRP Document0IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G0IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Backup Wthld CompliancefalseBackupWthldComplianceInd
Employee0EmployeeCnt
Unrelated Bus Incm Over LimitfalseUnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Foreign Financial AccountfalseForeignFinancialAccountInd
Prohibited Tax Shelter TransfalseProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party NotificationfalseTaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible ContributionsfalseNondeductibleContributionsInd
Indoor Tanning ServicesfalseIndoorTanningServicesInd
Subj To Tax Rmnrtn Ex Prcht PymtfalseSubjToTaxRmnrtnExPrchtPymtInd
Subject To Excs Tax Net Invst IncfalseSubjectToExcsTaxNetInvstIncInd
Info In Schedule O Part VIYes (X)InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd
Governing Body Voting Members7GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member1IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business RlnfalseFamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt DutiesfalseDelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org DocumentsfalseChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or MisusefalseMaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or StockholdersfalseMembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board MembersfalseElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To ApprovafalseDecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing BodyYes (true)MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of CommitteesYes (true)MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing AddressYes (true)OfficerMailingAddressInd
Local ChaptersfalseLocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn BodyfalseForm990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest PolicyfalseConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Whistleblower PolicyfalseWhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention PolicyfalseDocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEOfalseCompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process OtherfalseCompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint VenturefalseInvestmentInJointVentureInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
PersonKAITLYN LITTLEPersonNm
Phone8137801414PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line15335 8TH STREETAddressLine1Txt
CityZEPHYRHILLSCityNm
State AbbreviationFLStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP33542ZIPCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
No Listed Persons CompensatedYes (X)NoListedPersonsCompensatedInd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (7 entries)

TitleTitleTxtIndividual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorIndOfficerOfficerIndReportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmtReportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmtOther CompensationOtherCompensationAmt
DEVIN ALEXANDER
VPYes (X)Yes (X)$0$0$0
KIM BARKER
DIRECTORYes (X)$0$0$0
CHRISTINE BENNETT
DIRECTORYes (X)$0$0$0
AMY CHAPPELL
DIRECTORYes (X)$0$0$0
LINDA S KERNS
PRESIDENTYes (X)Yes (X)$0$0$0
KEITH WOLFE
SECRETARYYes (X)Yes (X)$0$0$0
KAITLYN LITTLE
TREASURERYes (X)$0$0$0
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Former Ofcr Employees ListedfalseFormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 KfalseTotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other SrcsfalseCompensationFromOtherSrcsInd
Membership Dues$12,083MembershipDuesAmt
Government Grants$671,358GovernmentGrantsAmt
Total Contributions$683,441TotalContributionsAmt

Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$59TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income$59RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Fundraising Gross Income$36,106FundraisingGrossIncomeAmt
Fundraising Direct Expenses$16,652FundraisingDirectExpensesAmt

Net Incm From Fundraising Evt NetIncmFromFundraisingEvtGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$19,454TotalRevenueColumnAmt

Other Revenue Misc OtherRevenueMiscGrp (2 entries)

Total Revenue ColumnTotalRevenueColumnAmtExclusionExclusionAmtDescDesc
$6,232$6,232
$3,000$3,000MURALS & ARTWORK
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Other Revenue Total$9,232OtherRevenueTotalAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$712,186TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income$59RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Exclusion$9,232ExclusionAmt

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$2,300TotalAmt
Program Services$2,300ProgramServicesAmt

Advertising AdvertisingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$3,875TotalAmt
Program Services$3,875ProgramServicesAmt

Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$650TotalAmt
Program Services$650ProgramServicesAmt

Occupancy OccupancyGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$4,643TotalAmt
Program Services$4,643ProgramServicesAmt

Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$2,256TotalAmt
Program Services$2,256ProgramServicesAmt

Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletionGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$13,539TotalAmt
Management And General$13,539ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Insurance InsuranceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$3,209TotalAmt
Program Services$3,209ProgramServicesAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)

DescDescTotalTotalAmtProgram ServicesProgramServicesAmt
THEATER EXPENSE$7,632$7,632
DESIGN COMMITTEE EXPENSE$3,163$3,163
PUBLIC PROJECT EXPENSES$1,500$1,500
SUBSCRIPTIONS$967$967

All Other Expenses AllOtherExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$2,593TotalAmt
Program Services$2,593ProgramServicesAmt

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$46,327TotalAmt
Program Services$32,788ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$13,539ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$0FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$68,418BOYAmt
EOY$78,333EOYAmt

Accounts Receivable AccountsReceivableGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$826BOYAmt
EOY$826EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss$687,610LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt
Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec$31,671LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt

Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
EOY$655,939EOYAmt

Other Assets Total OtherAssetsTotalGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$2,409BOYAmt
EOY$2,409EOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$71,653BOYAmt
EOY$737,507EOYAmt

Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$332BOYAmt
EOY$329EOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$332BOYAmt
EOY$329EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Organization Follows FASB117Yes (X)OrganizationFollowsFASB117Ind

No Donor Restriction Net Assets NoDonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$71,321BOYAmt
EOY$737,178EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$71,321BOYAmt
EOY$737,178EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$71,653BOYAmt
EOY$737,507EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Info In Schedule O Part XIYes (X)InfoInScheduleOPartXIInd
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss$665,859ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Other Changes In Net Assets-$2OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt
Method Of Accounting CashYes (X)MethodOfAccountingCashInd
Accountant Compile Or ReviewfalseAccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS AuditedfalseFSAuditedInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Publicly Supported Org509a2Yes (X)PubliclySupportedOrg509a2Ind

Gifts Grants Contris Rcvd509 GiftsGrantsContrisRcvd509Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$10,561CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$3,103CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$7,706CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$7,485CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$683,441CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$712,296TotalAmt

Gross Receipts Admissions GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$1,130CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$36,225CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$68,448CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$31,670CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$36,165CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$173,638TotalAmt

Total509 Total509Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$11,691CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$39,328CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$76,154CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$39,155CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$719,606CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$885,934TotalAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Public Support Total509$885,934PublicSupportTotal509Amt

Net Income From Other UBI NetIncomeFromOtherUBIGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year$8,232CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$8,232TotalAmt

Total Support Calendar Year TotalSupportCalendarYearGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$11,691CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$39,328CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$76,154CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$39,155CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$727,838CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$894,166TotalAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Public Support CY5090.99080PublicSupportCY509Pct
Public Support PY5091.00000PublicSupportPY509Pct
Investment Income CY0.00000InvestmentIncomeCYPct
Investment Income PY0.00000InvestmentIncomePYPct
Thirty Thr Pct Suprt Tests CY509Yes (X)ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY509Ind

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
ContributorRESTRICTEDContributorNum

Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1RESTRICTEDBusinessNameLine1

Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1RESTRICTEDAddressLine1
Address Line2RESTRICTEDAddressLine2
CityRESTRICTEDCity
StateRESTRICTEDState
ZIP CodeRESTRICTEDZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total ContributionsRESTRICTEDTotalContributionsAmt

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

Land LandGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis$141,461OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Book Value$141,461BookValueAmt

Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildingsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Depreciation$31,671DepreciationAmt
Book Value-$31,671BookValueAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Land Buildings$109,790TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt

Schedule G IRS990ScheduleG

Fundraising Event Information FundraisingEventInformationGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Event1HALLOWEEN HOWLEvent1Nm
Gross Receipts Event1$18,331GrossReceiptsEvent1Amt
Gross Revenue Event1$18,331GrossRevenueEvent1Amt
Other Direct Expenses Event1$9,422OtherDirectExpensesEvent1Amt
Event2FESTIVAL OF LIGEvent2Nm
Gross Receipts Event2$12,545GrossReceiptsEvent2Amt
Gross Revenue Event2$12,545GrossRevenueEvent2Amt
Other Direct Expenses Event2$2,342OtherDirectExpensesEvent2Amt
Gross Receipts Total$30,876GrossReceiptsTotalAmt
Gross Revenue Total Events$30,876GrossRevenueTotalEventsAmt
Oth Direct Expnss Total Events$11,764OthDirectExpnssTotalEventsAmt
Direct Expense Summary Events$11,764DirectExpenseSummaryEventsAmt
Net Income Summary$19,112NetIncomeSummaryAmt

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (4 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDescExplanationExplanationTxt
FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 9MARTIN HARM 5335 8TH STREET ZEPHYRHILLS, FL 33542 KAITLYN LITTLE 5335 8TH STREET ZEPHYRHILLS, FL 33542
FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 11BNO REVIEW WAS OR WILL BE CONDUCTED.
FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 19NO DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC
FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9BOOK / TAX DEPRECIATION DIFFERENCE -2